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This case study discusses the possibility of using satellite data, instead of ground pluviometric measurements, as input data in modeling a hydrological system. One of the biggest problems in the monitoring process is the determination of floodable areas in order to establish and assess damage and risk management. Also, the maps regarding the floods are a real help to the institutions and to those who intervene in rescuing the population. Unlike optical sensors, synthetic aperture (SAR) radar provides valid measurements by covering high-resolution clouds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catchment analysis is an efficient method for understanding of how climate variability and catchment characteristics interact to define a hydrological response. This paper analyses the geomorphological and morphometric parameters of the Tarnava Mica river basin using GIS. Târnava Mică River has a length of 196 km and a surface of the river basin of 2071 km2. The remote sensing technique is a tool to assess the morphometric parameter of basin hydrology, and it helps to understand basin hydrology and water resources management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the first part of the paper is characterized, catchment Behela, from point of view the hydro morphological and morphometric. The vegetation has a very important role in the formation of the runoff on hydrographical basin, one the one hand, because it influences the formation of soil types, and, on the other hand, because it determines the size of water infiltration possibilities, the reduction of evaporation and the reduction of soil erosion. Further, the paper aims to determine the runoff depth using the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method. A rainfall-runoff model is a mathematical model describing the rainfall-runoff relations of a catchment area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable development has been conceived as a solution to the ecological crisis caused by the intense industrial exploitation of resources and the continuous degradation of the environment and seeks primarily to preserve the quality of the environment. Sustainable development also brings to the forefront a new set of values that will guide the future model of economic and social progress, values that focus on man and his present and future needs, the natural environment - protecting and preserving it, and mitigating the current deterioration of ecosystems. Thus, the transfer of water between river basins can develop energy activities with major economic impact, protects flood-related areas, creates places work in hydro-technical constructions, etc. at the same time, financial resources are consumed which can affect investments in other economic and social sectors. Water policy has to be integrated with national economic policy and national sectoral policies whose impacts on the environment in general and water in particular need to be highlighted through specialist studies. The water resource planning and development programs produce important macroeconomic effects. The paper aims to highlight both the principles and the concept of integrated water resources management of the Romanian Mures hydrographic basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper comprises a complex topographic survey for the identification and registration of a farm type immobile consisting of company headquarters, stables, silos and concrete slabs for registration in the land book. The farm where the topographic works were executed is a farm specializing in the breeding and fattening of buffaloes, the production of milk and its processing. It was set up in 2007, and the initial constructions were built between 2007 and 2015. The farm is located at the entrance to Pecica, Arad County. From the point of view of the farm space modernization, it was envisaged the construction of a stable with the latest generation equipment for animal housing in the winter, a technical observatory, a veterinary office equipped with isolation space for the diseased animals and a residential building, for employees. Also, the farm will have a senior management and research facility with state-of-the-art facilities. The building has a strong natural character, an avant-garde architecture that acts in the public eye as a catalyst for the investments in the area. The building is also equipped with renewable energy installations and the grassy terrace is easily accessible by visitors, functioning as a second farm observation tower. This project was realized through accessing European funds. Thus, a young population of Bubalus Bubalus cattle was reintroduced into the farm. For the farm there is pedestrian access, road access and car parking of small and high capacity up to 20 tons. From the altimetric point of view, the farm is protected from floods by a dam built on Mures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is one of the forms in which water is found throughout the nature. Groundwater movement in natural conditions, but mainly in terms modified by hydrotechnical works, or whatever they are, forms the subject of groundwater hydraulics. Solving the various issues found in practice constitutes the technical and applicative part with a vast coverage of groundwater. The construction engineer performances regarding the buildings foundation is tightly connected with the groundwater level, especially in areas where the groundwater level is high. The paper, show computing models, based on boundary element method, which provides variants for lowering the groundwater level under the foundation terrain. The paper also show a case study for the how to prevent the possible damages that underground water could have on construction and especially on their foundations, in order to ensure their proper operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GIS technology has evolved due to the progress made by the Internet; being today one of the most important tools for integrating, analyzing and manipulating data. Getting the quality and reliability of data is an important concern for the GIS user, difficult to accomplish in a society with economic and social difficulties, and open source is a step forward to understand a GIS application. This paper, want to expose both possibilities that the user has, in terms of open source software and databases. The paper will include examples using Quantum GIS software and online database. The main objective of this paper is to emphasize the importance of these resources for research, since it is free and allows using a GIS application free of charge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the water cadastre is represented by gathering the fundamental data for quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating water resources and their rational management for their maximum capitalization. Cadastral data become the basic elements in conducting complex studies concerning setting out the plans for hydrographic basins, etc. Water cadastre does not have as an objective and does not keep a record of " the land permanently underwater". Establishing their exact position, according to the regulations of use and protection of waters, as well as their representation and area determination fall under the responsibilities of the general cadastre. Moreover, this also states the topographic number of the river or lake, its correct name and the holder of the right to manage it. The aerial photographic mapping is extremely important in the process of making the water cadastre by photogrammetric methods. The quality and technical parameters of the materials obtained influence the precision and efficiency of water cadastre. For this, the preparation and execution of the photogrammetric flight must be done with great care [1]. Special workings on the rivers are made along the respective topographic element, taking into consideration also the banks of the river. So aerial photographic mapping is done with only one recording strip. Projecting the aerial photographic mapping must refer to the purpose of the photogrammetric elevation. It must also be done according to a series of physical and geographic elements, weather conditions, and economic conditions; the period, the type of film, the photo camera will all have to be decided on according to the above-mentioned elements [2]. The aerial photographic mapping is destined for water cadastre, and the flight must be conducted in autumn-winter or spring, when there is no snow and the trees do not have leaves so they do not cover important elements and planimetric details. Taking into consideration the area weather conditions, we will decide on the best period with sunny days and direction and speed of the wind. It is best to execute aerial photographic mapping at noon, when the shadows of the tall elements are minimal. The project of aerotriangulation represents the optimization of various criteria (the project parameters). Out of these, precision, exactity and economicity are dominant. Understanding the nature of this task, we defined the following project parameters or conditions for the project: the mapping scale and the aero-photogrammetric scale; planimetric position; level position; the maximum allowable variation of coordinates X, Y, Z; using the RC-10 camera; measuring independent models for the triangulation; ensuring the junction points by artificial marking[1]. The basis for position orientation is the existent trigonometric network. The mapping will be done with the help of analogical photogrammetric instruments. The quality of the aerotriangulation model was checked with the help of the already mentioned project parameters[3]. The adapted project represented the basis for continuing the making of the triangulation project necessary for conducting a complex task of restoring the water cadastre on the Timis River for exactly locating the water course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering that solving the traditional measuring problem involve higher prices of the work and also makes graphical representations harder to accomplish, the way towards developing a method of global positioning and of developing reference systems led to the appearance of satellite geodesy. The sustainable preoccupation, in order to introduce and use the modern electronic devices in cadastre works is natural, normal and fully justified by economic reasons. Nowadays, GPS is in such a stage of development that we are entitled to talk about a real geodesic revolution. The incredible performance, the constant improvement of performance, and high accuracy of GPS receivers make this system dominant when talking about most geodesic works. The paper presents the topogeodesic determination of a parcel contour, with a large surface which required the geodetic survey of the perimeter by GPS techniques. The GPS technique requires simultaneous measurements from minimum 4 satellites with two or more receivers that can be fixed or mobile. The fixed receiver is positioned above the control point throughout the measurements stage while the mobile one moves from point to point. Combining the measurements with both receivers, we obtain a three-dimensional vector between the fixed receiver and the mobile one. That vector is called "the zero axis. In order to determine the position of the mobile receiver, as related to the fixed one, there are some approaches which differ according to the time necessary for obtaining the zero axis. Thus, there are: - real time techniques; - postprocessed techniques. By "real time measurements," we mean to obtain definitive results directly in the field, at the observation time. One characteristic of this method consist in modem transmission of the observations from the fixed stations to mobile receivers. Data are postprocessed: after collecting a certain amount of information, it is processed in the office. The area determination was made, and then the procedure was checked using traditional methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]