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4,109 results on '"Elliott, E"'

1. A combination treatment based on drug repurposing demonstrates mutation-agnostic efficacy in pre-clinical retinopathy models

Author

Leinonen, Henri, Zhang, Jianye, Occelli, Laurence M., Seemab, Umair, Choi, Elliot H., L.P. Marinho, Luis Felipe, Querubin, Janice, Kolesnikov, Alexander V., Galinska, Anna, Kordecka, Katarzyna, Hoang, Thanh, Lewandowski, Dominik, Lee, Timothy T., Einstein, Elliott E., Einstein, David E., Dong, Zhiqian, Kiser, Philip D., Blackshaw, Seth, Kefalov, Vladimir J., Tabaka, Marcin, Foik, Andrzej, Petersen-Jones, Simon M., and Palczewski, Krzysztof

Published
2024
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2. Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection promotes TNF-α signaling and SMAC mimetic-mediated apoptosis in human prostate cancer

Author

Kim, Jin Koo, Chang, Insoon, Jung, Younghun, Kaplan, Zach, Hill, Elliott E, Taichman, Russell S, and Krebsbach, Paul H

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prostate Cancer, Aging, Cancer, Infectious Diseases, Urologic Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, AZD5582, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, NF-κB, Prostate cancer, SMAC mimetic, TNF-α
Abstract

Growing evidence suggests an association between Mycoplasma infections and the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we report that chronic and persistent M. hyorhinis infection induced robust TNF-α secretion from PCa cells. TNF-α secreted from M. hyorhinis-infected PCa cells subsequently led to activation of the NF-κB pathway. Chronic M. hyorhinis infection induced gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a NF-κB-dependent manner and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PCa cells. The elimination of M. hyorhinis in PCa cells significantly blocked TNF-α secretion, gene expression of cytokines and chemokines, migration, and invasion in PCa cells, suggesting M. hyorhinis-induced TNF-α plays an important role to promote malignant transformation of PCa. Furthermore, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics potentiated caspase activation and cell death in M. hyorhinis-infected PCa by antagonizing inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) activity. Tissue microarray analysis indicated that TNF-α is co-expressed in M. hyorhinis-infected human patient tissues. Findings from this study advance our understanding of the mycoplasma-oncogenesis process and suggest the potential for new approaches for preventions, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches against prostate cancers.

Published
2023

3. The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Abba, A, Accorsi, C, Agnes, P, Alessi, E, Amaudruz, P, Annovi, A, Desages, F Ardellier, Back, S, Badia, C, Bagger, J, Basile, V, Batignani, G, Bayo, A, Bell, B, Beschi, M, Biagini, D, Bianchi, G, Bicelli, S, Bishop, D, Boccali, T, Bombarda, A, Bonfanti, S, Bonivento, WM, Bouchard, M, Breviario, M, Brice, S, Brown, R, Calvo-Mozota, JM, Camozzi, L, Camozzi, M, Capra, A, Caravati, M, Carlini, M, Ceccanti, A, Celano, B, Cela Ruiz, JM, Charette, C, Cogliati, G, Constable, M, Crippa, C, Croci, G, Cudmore, S, Dahl, CE, Dal Molin, A, Daley, M, Di Guardo, C, D'Avenio, G, Davignon, O, Del Tutto, M, De Ruiter, J, Devoto, A, Diaz Gomez Maqueo, P, Di Francesco, F, Dossi, M, Druszkiewicz, E, Duma, C, Elliott, E, Farina, D, Fernandes, C, Ferroni, F, Finocchiaro, G, Fiorillo, G, Ford, R, Foti, G, Fournier, RD, Franco, D, Fricbergs, C, Gabriele, F, Galbiati, C, Garcia Abia, P, Gargantini, A, Giacomelli, L, Giacomini, F, Giarratana, LS, Gillespie, S, Giorgi, D, Girma, T, Gobui, R, Goeldi, D, Golf, F, Gorel, P, Gorini, G, Gramellini, E, Grosso, G, Guescini, F, Guetre, E, Hackman, G, Hadden, T, Hawkins, W, Hayashi, K, Heavey, A, Hersak, G, Hessey, N, Hockin, G, Hudson, K, Ianni, A, Ienzi, C, Ippolito, V, and James, CC

Subjects
Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world.

Published
2021

7. Integrin alpha V beta 3 targeted dendrimer‐rapamycin conjugate reduces fibroblast‐mediated prostate tumor progression and metastasis

Author

Hill, Elliott E, Kim, Jin Koo, Jung, Younghun, Neeley, Chris K, Pienta, Kenneth J, Taichman, Russell S, Nor, Jacques E, Baker, James R, and Krebsbach, Paul H

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Bioengineering, Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Nanotechnology, Aging, Prostate Cancer, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Animals, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Tumor, Cells, Cultured, Dendrimers, Fibroblasts, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Integrin alphaVbeta3, Male, Mice, Neoplasm Metastasis, PC-3 Cells, Peptides, Cyclic, Prostatic Neoplasms, Sirolimus, dendrimer, fibroblast, integrin, metastasis, mTOR, prostate cancer, rapamycin, VEGF, Medical Physiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

Therapeutic strategies targeting both cancer cells and associated cells in the tumor microenvironment offer significant promise in cancer therapy. We previously reported that generation 5 (G5) dendrimers conjugated with cyclic-RGD peptides target cells expressing integrin alpha V beta 3. In this study, we report a novel dendrimer conjugate modified to deliver the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin. In vitro analyses demonstrated that this drug conjugate, G5-FI-RGD-rapamycin, binds to prostate cancer (PCa) cells and fibroblasts to inhibit mTOR signaling and VEGF expression. In addition, G5-FI-RGD-rapamycin inhibits mTOR signaling in cancer cells more efficiently under proinflammatory conditions compared to free rapamycin. In vivo studies established that G5-FI-RGD-rapamycin significantly inhibits fibroblast-mediated PCa progression and metastasis. Thus, our results suggest the potential of new rapamycin-conjugated multifunctional nanoparticles for PCa therapy.

Published
2018

9. Enhanced association and dissociation of heteronuclear Feshbach molecules in a microgravity environment

Author

D'Incao, J. P., Krutzik, M., Elliott, E., and Williams, J. R.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We study the association and dissociation dynamics of weakly bound heteronuclear Feshbach molecules using transverse RF-fields for expected parameters accessible through the microgravity environment of NASA's Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) aboard the International Space Station, including temperatures at or below nK and atomic densities as low as $10^8$/cm$^3$. We show that under such conditions, thermal and loss effects can be greatly suppressed resulting in high efficiency in both association and dissociation of Feshbach molecules with mean size exceeding 10$^4a_0$, and allowing for the coherence in atom-molecule transitions to be clearly observable. Our theoretical model for heteronuclear mixtures includes thermal, loss, and density effects in a simple and conceptually clear manner. We derive the temperature, density and scattering length regimes of $^{41}$K-$^{87}$Rb that allow optimal association/dissociation efficiency with minimal heating and loss to guide future experiments with ultracold atomic gases in space., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2016
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10. National interest may require distributing COVID-19 vaccines to other countries

Author

Tiziano Rotesi, Paolo Pin, Maria Cucciniello, Amyn A. Malik, Elliott E. Paintsil, Scott E. Bokemper, Kathryn Willebrand, Gregory A. Huber, Alessia Melegaro, and Saad B. Omer

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract As immunization campaigns are accelerating, understanding how to distribute the scarce doses of vaccines is of paramount importance and a quantitative analysis of the trade-offs involved in domestic-only versus cooperative distribution is still missing. In this study we use a network Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model to show circumstances under which it is in a country’s self-interest to ensure other countries can obtain COVID-19 vaccines rather than focusing only on vaccination of their own residents. In particular, we focus our analysis on the United States and estimate the internal burden of COVID-19 disease under different scenarios about vaccine cooperation. We show that in scenarios in which the US has reached the threshold for domestic herd immunity, the US may find it optimal to donate doses to other countries with lower vaccination coverage, as this would allow for a sharp reduction in the inflow of infected individuals from abroad.

Published
2021
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11. Předoperační lačnění u dětí - Doporučený postup Evropské společnosti pro anesteziologii a intenzivní péči

Author

Frykholm, P, primary, Disma, N, additional, Andersson, H, additional, Beck, C, additional, Bouvet, L, additional, Cercueil, E, additional, Elliott, E, additional, Hofmann, J, additional, Isserman, R, additional, Klaucane, A, additional, Kuhn, F, additional, de Queiroz Siqueira, M., additional, Rosen, D, additional, Rudolph, D, additional, Schmidt, A. R., additional, Schmitz, A, additional, Stocki, D, additional, Sümpelmann, R, additional, Stricker, P. A., additional, Thomas, M, additional, Veyckemans, F, additional, Afshari, A, additional, překladu:, Autoři, additional, Harazim, H, additional, Ťoukálková, M, additional, Valouchová, V, additional, and Štourač, P, additional

Published
2024
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28. Shear viscosity of a universal Fermi gas near the superfluid phase transition

Author

Joseph, J. A., Elliott, E., and Thomas, J. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We precisely measure the shear viscosity for a resonantly interacting Fermi gas as a function of temperature, from nearly the ground state through the superfluid phase transition at a critical temperature $T_c$. Using an iterative method to invert the data, we extract the {\it local} shear viscosity coefficient $\alpha_S(\theta)$ versus reduced temperature $\theta$, revealing previously hidden features. We find that $\alpha_S$ begins to decrease rapidly with decreasing $\theta$ well above $T_c$, suggesting that preformed pairs play an important role. Further, we observe that the derivative $\alpha_S'(\theta)$ has a maximum at $T_c$. We compare the local data to several microscopic theories. Finally, we determine the local ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density., Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures

Published
2014
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30. Anomalous minimum in the shear viscosity of a Fermi gas

Author

Elliott, E., Joseph, J. A., and Thomas, J. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We measure the static shear viscosity $\eta$ in a two-component Fermi gas near a broad collisional (Feshbach) resonance, as a function of interaction strength and energy. We find that $\eta$ has both a quadratic and a linear dependence on the interaction strength $1/({k_{FI}a})$, where $a$ is the s-wave scattering length and $k_{FI}$ is the Fermi wave vector for an ideal gas at the trap center. For energies above the superfluid transition, the minimum in $\eta$ as a function of interaction strength is significantly shifted toward the BEC side of resonance, to $1/(k_{FI}a)\simeq 0.25$., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures

Published
2013
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31. Observation of conformal symmetry breaking and scale invariance in expanding Fermi gases

Author

Elliott, E., Joseph, J. A., and Thomas, J. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We precisely test scale invariance and local thermal equilibrium in the hydrodynamic expansion of a Fermi gas of atoms as a function of interaction strength. After release from an anisotropic optical trap, we observe that a resonantly interacting gas obeys scale-invariant hydrodynamics, where the mean square cloud size $\langle{\mathbf{r}}^2\rangle=\langle x^2+y^2+z^2\rangle$ expands ballistically (like a noninteracting gas) and the energy-averaged bulk viscosity is consistent with zero, $0.005(0.016)\,\hbar\,n$, with $n$ the density. In contrast, the aspect ratios of the cloud exhibit anisotropic "elliptic" flow with an energy-dependent shear viscosity. Tuning away from resonance, we observe conformal symmetry breaking, where $\langle{\mathbf{r}}^2\rangle$ deviates from ballistic flow., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2013
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32. Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate in patients with ultra-acute presumed stroke (RIGHT-2): an ambulance-based, randomised, sham-controlled, blinded, phase 3 trial

Author

Bath, Philip M, Scutt, Polly, Anderson, Craig S, Appleton, Jason P, Berge, Evind, Cala, Lesley, Dixon, Mark, England, Timothy M, Godolphin, Peter J, Havard, Diane, Haywood, Lee, Hepburn, Trish, Krishnan, Kailash, Mair, Grant, Montgomery, Alan A, Muir, Keith, Phillips, Stephen J, Pocock, Stuart, Potter, John, Price, Chris, Randall, Marc, Robinson, Thompson G, Roffe, Christine, Rothwell, Peter M, Sandset, Else C, Sanossian, Nerses, Saver, Jeffrey L, Shone, Angela, Siriwardena, A Niroshan, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Woodhouse, Lisa J, Venables, Graham, Sprigg, Nikola, Amarenco, Pierre, Amoils, Shannon, Jarvis, Malcolm, Sandercock, Peter, Asplund, Kjell, Baigent, Colin, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Howard, Harriet, Lysons, Christopher, Walker, Gemma, Gregory, Hayley, Kirby, James, Smithson, Jennifer, Keeling, Joanne, Frowd, Nadia, Gray, Robert, Dooley, Richard, Clarke, Wim, Robinson, Patricia, Law, Zhe Kang, Hodgson, Sheila, Millington, Adam, Sakka, Eleni, Buchanan, David, Palmer, Jeb, Shaw, D, Cobb, H, Johnson, R, Payne, T, Spaight, R, Spaight, A, Sajid, M A, Whileman, A, Hall, E, Cripps, H, Toms, J, Gascoyne, R, Wright, S, Cooper, M, Palfreman, A, Rajapakse, A, Wynter, I, Musarrat, K, Mistri, A, Patel, C, Stephens, C, Khan, S, Patras, S, Soliman, M, Elmarimi, A, Hewitt, C, Watson, E, Wahishi, I, Hindle, J, Perkin, L, Wills, M, Arif, S, Leach, S, Butler, S, O'Kane, D, Smith, C, O'Callaghan, J, Sunman, W, Buck, A, Jackson, B, Richardson, C, Wilkes, G, Clarke, J, Ryan, L, Matias, O, Mangion, D, Hardwick, A, Constantin, C, Thomas, I, Netherton, K, Markova, S, Hedstrom, A, Rushton, B, Hyde, C, Scott, J, Blair, M, Maddula, M, Donnelly, R, Keane, S, Johnson, S, McKenzie, H, Banerjee, A, Hutchinson, D, Goodhand, H, Hill, J, Mellows, K, Cheeseman, M, McTaggart, V, Foster, T, Prothero, L, Saksena, P, O'Kelly, A, Wyllie, H, Hacon, C, Nutt, H, North, J, Goffin, K, Potter, J, Wiltshire, A, Ravenhill, G, Metcalf, K, Ford, L, Langley, M, Davison, W, Subramonian, S, Magezi, F, Obi, I, Temple, N, Butterworth-Cowin, N, Oqwusu-Agyei, P, Azim, A F M, Nicolson, A, Imam, J, White, J, Wood, L, Fothergill, R, Thompson, N, Lazarus, J, Werts, H, Sztriha, L, Ho, C, McKenzie, E, Owoyele, E, Lim, J, Aeron-Thomas, J, Dockey, M, Sylvester, N, Rao, P, Bloom, B M, Erumere, E, Norman, G, Skene, I, Cuenoud, L, Howaniec, L, Boulton, O, Daboo, P, Michael, R, Al-Saadi, S, Harrison, T, Syed, H, Argandona, L, Amiani, S, Perry, R, Ashton, A, Banaras, A, Hogan, C, Watchurst, C, Elliott, E, Francia, N, Oji, N, Erande, R, Obarey, S, Feerick, S, Tshuma, S, England, E, Pocock, H, Poole, K, Manchanda, S, Burn, I, Dayal, S, McNee, K, Robinson, M, Hancock, R, South, A, Holmes, C, Steele, A, Guthrie, L B, Oborn, M, Nor, A Mohd, Hyams, B, Eglinton, C, Waugh, D, Cann, E, Wilmhurst, N, Piesley, S, Shave, S, Dutta, D, Obeid, M, Ward, D, Turfrey, J, Glass, J, Bowstead, K, Hill, L, Brown, P, Beames, S, O'Connell, S, Hughes, V, Whiting, R, Gagg, J, Hussain, M, Harvey, M, Karunatilake, D, Pusuluri, B, Witcher, A, Pawley, C, Allen, J, Foot, J, Rowe, J, Lane, C, Ragab, S, Wadams, B, Dube, J, Jupp, B, Ljubez, A, Bagnall, C, Hann, G, Tucker, L, Kelton, M, Orr, S, Harrington, F, James, A, Lydon, A, Courtauld, G, Bond, K, Lucas, L, Nisbett, T, Kubie, J, Bowring, A, Jennings, G, Thorpe, K, Mason, N, Keenan, S, Gbadomishi, L, Howcroft, D, Newton, H, Choulerton, J, Avis, J, Shaw, L, Paterson, P, Kaye, P, Hierons, S, Lucas, S, Clatworthy, P, Faulkner, B, Rannigan, L, Worner, R, Bhaskaran, B, Saulat, A, Bearne, H, Garfield-Smith, J, Horan, K, Fitzell, P, Szabo, S, Haley, M, Simmons, D, Cotterill, D, Saunders, G, Dymond, H, Beech, S, Rashed, K, Tanate, A, Buckley, C, Wood, D, Matthews, L, Board, S, Pitt-Kirby, T, Rees, N, Convery, C, Jones, P, Bryant, C, Tench, H, Dixon, M, Loosley, R, Coetzee, S, Jones, S, Sims, T, Krishnan, M, Davies, C, Quinn, L, Connor, L, Wani, M, Storton, S, Treadwell, S, Anjum, T, Somashekar, C, Chandler, A, Triscott, C, Bevan, L, Sander, M, Buckle, S, Sayed, W, Andrews, K, Hughes, L, Hughes, R, Ward, M, Pretty, A, Rosser, A, Davidson, B, Price, G, Gunson, I, Lumley-Holmes, J, Miller, J, Larden, M, Jhamat, M, Horwood, P, Boldy, R, Jenkins, C, Price, F, Harrison, M, Martin, T, Ahmad, N, Willberry, A, Stevens, A, Fotherby, K, Barry, A, Remegoso, A, Alipio, F, Maquire, H, Hiden, J, Finney, K, Varquez, R, Ispoglou, S, Hayes, A, Gull, D, Evans, R, Epstein, E, Hurdowar, S, Crossley, J, Miles, J, Hird, K, Pilbery, R, Patterson, C, Ramadan, H, Stewart, K, Quinn, O, Bellfield, R, Macquire, S, Gaba, W, Nair, A, Wilson, A, Hawksworth, C, Alam, I, Greig, J, Gomes, P, Rana, P, Ahmed, Z, Anderston, P, Neal, A, Walstow, D, Fong, R, Brotheridge, S, Bwalya, A, Gillespie, A, Midgley, C, Hare, C, Lyon, H, Stephenson, L, Broome, M, Worton, R, Jackson, S, Rayessa, R, Abdul-Hamid, A, Naylor, C, Clarkson, E, Hassan, A, Veraque, E, Finch, L, Makawa, L, Carpenter, M, Datta, P, Needle, A, Jackson, L, Brooke, H J, Ball, J, Lowry, T, Punnoose, S, Walker, R, Murray, V, Ali, A, Kamara, C, Doyle, C, Richards, E, Howe, J, Dakin, K, Harkness, K, Lindert, R, Wanklyn, P, Willcoxson, P, Clark-Brown, P, and Mir, R

Published
2019
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33. Searching for Perfect Fluids: Quantum Viscosity in a Universal Fermi Gas

Author

Cao, C., Elliott, E., Wu, H., and Thomas, J. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We measure the shear viscosity in a two-component Fermi gas of atoms, tuned to a broad s-wave collisional (Feshbach) resonance. At resonance, the atoms strongly interact and exhibit universal behavior, where the equilibrium thermodynamic properties and the transport coefficients are universal functions of the density $n$ and temperature $T$. We present a new calibration of the temperature as a function of global energy, which is directly measured from the cloud profiles. Using the calibration, the trap-averaged shear viscosity in units of $\hbar\,n$ is determined as a function of the reduced temperature at the trap center, from nearly the ground state to the unitary two-body regime. Low temperature data is obtained from the damping rate of the radial breathing mode, while high temperature data is obtained from hydrodynamic expansion measurements. We also show that the best fit to the high temperature expansion data is obtained for a vanishing bulk viscosity. The measured trap-averaged entropy per particle and shear viscosity are used to estimate the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density, which is compared that conjectured for a perfect fluid., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures

Published
2011
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34. Universal Quantum Viscosity in a Unitary Fermi Gas

Author

Cao, C., Elliott, E., Joseph, J., Wu, H., Petricka, J., Schaefer, T., and Thomas, J. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

A Fermi gas of atoms with resonant interactions is predicted to obey universal hydrodynamics, where the shear viscosity and other transport coefficients are universal functions of the density and temperature. At low temperatures, the viscosity has a universal quantum scale $\hbar n$ where $n$ is the density, while at high temperatures the natural scale is $p_T^3/\hbar^2$ where $p_T$ is the thermal momentum. We employ breathing mode damping to measure the shear viscosity at low temperature. At high temperature $T$, we employ anisotropic expansion of the cloud to find the viscosity, which exhibits precise $T^{3/2}$ scaling. In both experiments, universal hydrodynamic equations including friction and heating are used to extract the viscosity. We estimate the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density and compare to that of a perfect fluid., Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures

Published
2010
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38. Debridement

Author

Sherman, Seth L., Voss, Elliott E., Garrone, Andrew J., Nuelle, Clayton W., Farr, Jack, editor, and Gomoll, Andreas H., editor

Published
2018
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39. A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EPA'S AIR PROGRAM AT FIFTY AND A SUGGESTION FOR HOW IT MIGHT DO EVEN BETTER.

Author

Elliott, E. Donald

Subjects
Critical legal studies -- Analysis, Air pollution control -- Laws, regulations and rules -- History, Economic incentives -- Laws, regulations and rules, United States. Environmental Protection Agency -- History -- Powers and duties, Government regulation, Clean Air Act
Abstract

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. EPA REGULATION OF AIR POLLUTION HAS ACHIEVED MEASURABLE PROGRESS II. THE CRITICS ARGUE WE COULD HAVE DONE EVEN BETTER A. The Failure of Comprehensive Federal Regulation of [...]

Published
2020

40. Experimental evidence that changing beliefs about mask efficacy and social norms increase mask wearing for COVID-19 risk reduction: Results from the United States and Italy.

Author

Scott E Bokemper, Maria Cucciniello, Tiziano Rotesi, Paolo Pin, Amyn A Malik, Kathryn Willebrand, Elliott E Paintsil, Saad B Omer, Gregory A Huber, and Alessia Melegaro

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

In the absence of widespread vaccination for COVID-19, governments and public health officials have advocated for the public to wear masks during the pandemic. The decision to wear a mask in public is likely affected by both beliefs about its efficacy and the prevalence of the behavior. Greater mask use in the community may encourage others to follow this norm, but it also creates an incentive for individuals to free ride on the protection afforded to them by others. We report the results of two vignette-based experiments conducted in the United States (n = 3,100) and Italy (n = 2,659) to examine the causal relationship between beliefs, social norms, and reported intentions to engage in mask promoting behavior. In both countries, survey respondents were quota sampled to be representative of the country's population on key demographics. We find that providing information about how masks protect others increases the likelihood that someone would wear a mask or encourage others to do so in the United States, but not in Italy. There is no effect of providing information about how masks protect the wearer in either country. Additionally, greater mask use increases intentions to wear a mask and encourage someone else to wear theirs properly in both the United States and Italy. Thus, community mask use may be self-reinforcing.

Published
2021
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41. A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain

Author

Louis K Scheffer, C Shan Xu, Michal Januszewski, Zhiyuan Lu, Shin-ya Takemura, Kenneth J Hayworth, Gary B Huang, Kazunori Shinomiya, Jeremy Maitlin-Shepard, Stuart Berg, Jody Clements, Philip M Hubbard, William T Katz, Lowell Umayam, Ting Zhao, David Ackerman, Tim Blakely, John Bogovic, Tom Dolafi, Dagmar Kainmueller, Takashi Kawase, Khaled A Khairy, Laramie Leavitt, Peter H Li, Larry Lindsey, Nicole Neubarth, Donald J Olbris, Hideo Otsuna, Eric T Trautman, Masayoshi Ito, Alexander S Bates, Jens Goldammer, Tanya Wolff, Robert Svirskas, Philipp Schlegel, Erika Neace, Christopher J Knecht, Chelsea X Alvarado, Dennis A Bailey, Samantha Ballinger, Jolanta A Borycz, Brandon S Canino, Natasha Cheatham, Michael Cook, Marisa Dreher, Octave Duclos, Bryon Eubanks, Kelli Fairbanks, Samantha Finley, Nora Forknall, Audrey Francis, Gary Patrick Hopkins, Emily M Joyce, SungJin Kim, Nicole A Kirk, Julie Kovalyak, Shirley A Lauchie, Alanna Lohff, Charli Maldonado, Emily A Manley, Sari McLin, Caroline Mooney, Miatta Ndama, Omotara Ogundeyi, Nneoma Okeoma, Christopher Ordish, Nicholas Padilla, Christopher M Patrick, Tyler Paterson, Elliott E Phillips, Emily M Phillips, Neha Rampally, Caitlin Ribeiro, Madelaine K Robertson, Jon Thomson Rymer, Sean M Ryan, Megan Sammons, Anne K Scott, Ashley L Scott, Aya Shinomiya, Claire Smith, Kelsey Smith, Natalie L Smith, Margaret A Sobeski, Alia Suleiman, Jackie Swift, Satoko Takemura, Iris Talebi, Dorota Tarnogorska, Emily Tenshaw, Temour Tokhi, John J Walsh, Tansy Yang, Jane Anne Horne, Feng Li, Ruchi Parekh, Patricia K Rivlin, Vivek Jayaraman, Marta Costa, Gregory SXE Jefferis, Kei Ito, Stephan Saalfeld, Reed George, Ian A Meinertzhagen, Gerald M Rubin, Harald F Hess, Viren Jain, and Stephen M Plaza

Subjects
connectome, brain regions, cell types, graph properties, connectome reconstuction methods, synapse detecton, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction of the brain of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Improved methods include new procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, and proofread such large data sets. We define cell types, refine computational compartments, and provide an exhaustive atlas of cell examples and types, many of them novel. We provide detailed circuits consisting of neurons and their chemical synapses for most of the central brain. We make the data public and simplify access, reducing the effort needed to answer circuit questions, and provide procedures linking the neurons defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions of connection strengths, neural motifs on different scales, electrical consequences of compartmentalization, and evidence that maximizing packing density is an important criterion in the evolution of the fly’s brain.

Published
2020
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48. How We Got Here: A Brief History of Requester-Pays and Other Incentive Systems to Supplement Judicial Management of Discovery.

Author

Elliott, E. Donald

Subjects
Discovery (Law) -- Finance -- History -- Management, Economic incentives -- History -- Influence -- Usage, Judicial process -- Management -- Methods, Company financing, Company business management
Abstract

INTRODUCTIONOver the last two decades, a mature academic literature has developed about how we might use incentives as a complement to discretionary judicial decisions for controlling civil discovery. Professor Brian [...]

Published
2018

49. Rythme et durée de la surveillance oncologique chez les patients traités par cystectomie totale pour une tumeur de vessie infiltrant le muscle : une analyse en vie réelle de la cohorte BLADRAC

Author

Bajeot, A.S., Bento, L., Grobet-Jeandin, E., Elliott, E., Pierre-Etienne, P.E., Marc, M., Paul, P., Igor, I., Gregory, G., Louis, L., Alexandra, A., Cedric, C., Priscilla, P., Stéphane, S., Fayek, F., Gautier, G., Benjamin, B., Morgan, M., Mathieu, M., and Thomas, T.

Abstract

L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer le rythme et la durée de la surveillance oncologique chez les patients traités par cystectomie totale (CT) pour une tumeur de vessie infiltrant le muscle (TVIM) en vie réelle.

Published
2024
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