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Background: Management of traumatic hemothorax is an important problem in thoracic surgery. As an alternative to surgical treatment in patients who developed clotted hemothorax after trauma, intra-pleural fibrinolysis has been used with favorable results. This modality of treatment may reduce known morbidities secondary to surgical procedures and may result in significant medical cost savings. Aim of the study is to test the efficacy and safety of tissue plasminogen activator and Streptokinase for management of post traumatic clotted hemothorax. METHODS: our study included 40 patients presented with clotted hemothorax after chest trauma. Patients were divided into two groups each contains 20 patients. First group treated with intra-pleural Alteplase (tissue plasminogen activator) and the second group treated with streptokinase, both was instilled via an intercostal chest tube. Clinical and radiologic (chest radiographs (CXR) and chest computed tomography (CT) data used for evaluation of efficacy of both protocols. RESULTS: Alteplase give excellent results in clotted hemothorax, it showed dramatic improvement in both chest tube drain and pleural thickness without bleeding complications. Streptokinase protocol showed only improvement of chest tube drain. CONCLUSIONS: Intra pleural Alteplase is safe and more efficient than Streptokinase as a chemical modality in treating patients presented with post traumatic clotted hemothorax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The EuroSCORE-II has been recently developed in an attempt to address the shortcomings of the original EuroSCORE models for contemporary cardiac surgery. The validations of the EuroSCORE-II have so far been positive. There is striking similarity between the two models however there are a number of key differences between the two in the EuroSCORE-II renal impairment has been split into categories rather than dichotomized, neurological dysfunction has been replaced with poor mobility and the level of dyspnea and diabetes are now included. Postinfarct septal rupture is no longer included and both the operation type and urgency have been reclassified. Objective: Aim of review article to highlight EuroSCORE versus EuroSCORE II in evaluation of the risk of cardiac surgery. Methods: The databases were searched for articles published in English in 3 data bases [PubMed -- Google scholar- science direct] and Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) had been used such as [Cardiac Surgery AND EuroSCORE OR EuroSCORE II] and in peer-reviewed articles between 1994 and 2021. Conclusions: EuroSCORE II had better predictive discrimination for operative mortality than EuroSCORE I, which greatly overestimated this risk. EuroSCORE II fared well compared with the risk of cardiac surgery. The inclusive nature of EuroSCORE II for numerous procedures provides more flexibility than the risk of cardiac surgery for complex procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]