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15 results on '"Eloe, Emiley A."'

2. Molecular diversity and adaptations of microorganisms from the deep ocean

Author

Eloe, Emiley Ansley

Subjects
UCSD Dissertations, Academic Marine biology. (Discipline)
Abstract

The indigenous microbial members of deep oceanic environments mediate carbon fluxes in this realm and contribute to major biogeochemical cycles globally, yet their distribution, phylogenetic composition, and functional attributes are not yet well understood. Emerging concepts suggest the prevailing ecological processes and evolutionary constraints acting on these assemblages are more dynamic and heterogeneous than previously thought. In this context, the research presented herein examines the composition and genomic repertoires of bacteria, archaea, and eukarya from an extreme deep ocean environment, 6,000 m depth within the Puerto Rico Trench. The results identify depth-specific taxonomic and functional trends, as well as expanded gene inventories indicative of unique lifestyle strategies divergent from their photic-zone counterparts. The findings indicate significantly different bacterial communities in particle-associated and free-living fractions at depth, which has implication for future sampling practices and diversity estimates from deep ocean habitats. The disparity between the number of cultivated piezophilic ('high-pressure adapted') isolates and the expansive diversity identified using molecular techniques has limited further exploration of the physiological and biochemical properties of diverse piezophiles. This issue has been addressed through the application of dilution to extinction cultivation techniques at high-hydrostatic pressure and low temperature using a natural seawater medium. This work has led to the isolation and subsequent characterization of a unique piezophilic member of the Roseobacter lineage within the Alphaproteobacteria. The results provide further evidence for the temperature- pressure dependence of the growth rate for deep-ocean bacteria and substantiate hypotheses regarding piezophilic traits under nutritionally limiting conditions. This research concludes with the detailed genetic characterization of the unique flagellar motility system of the model piezophilic bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9. It is the first investigation of motility as a function of high hydrostatic pressure in a deep-sea microbial species and highlights the profound value of genetically tractable systems to test hypotheses regarding high-pressure adaptation

Published
2011

4. The deep-sea bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9 utilizes separate flagellar systems for swimming and swarming under high-pressure conditions

Author

Eloe, Emiley A., Lauro, Federico M., Vogel, Rudi F., and Bartlett, Douglas H.

Subjects
Flagella (Microbiology) -- Physiological aspects, Materials at high pressures -- Analysis, Human mechanics -- Analysis, Bacteria, Photosynthetic -- Physiological aspects, Bacteria, Photosynthetic -- Environmental aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The motility of the deep-sea piezophilic bacterium Photobacterium profundum SS9 is examined and compared with that of the related shallow-water piezosensitive strain Photobacterium profundum 3TCK, as well as that of the piezosensitive bacterium Escherichia coli. The results have shown that P. profundum SS9 possesses two distinct flagellar system, both of which have acquired dramatic adaptations for optimal functionally under high-pressure conditions.

Published
2008

7. Going Deeper: Metagenome of a Hadopelagic Microbial Community

Author

Eloe, Emiley A., primary, Fadrosh, Douglas W., additional, Novotny, Mark, additional, Zeigler Allen, Lisa, additional, Kim, Maria, additional, Lombardo, Mary-Jane, additional, Yee-Greenbaum, Joyclyn, additional, Yooseph, Shibu, additional, Allen, Eric E., additional, Lasken, Roger, additional, Williamson, Shannon J., additional, and Bartlett, Douglas H., additional

Published
2011
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15. Novel Psychropiezophilic Oceanospirillales Species Profundimonas piezophila gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from the Deep-Sea Environment of the Puerto Rico Trench.

Author

Yi Cao, Chastain, Roger A., Eloe, Emiley A., Nogi, Yuichi, Kato, Chiaki, and Bartlett, Douglas H.

Subjects
*BAROPHILIC bacteria, *GRAM-negative bacteria, *MOLECULAR microbiology, *HETEROTROPHIC bacteria, *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of fatty acids, *HYDROSTATIC pressure, *PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

The diversity of deep-sea high-pressure-adapted (piezophilic) microbes in isolated monoculture remains low. In this study, a novel obligately psychropiezophilic bacterium was isolated from seawater collected from the Puerto Rico Trench at a depth of ∼6,000 m. This isolate, designated YC-1, grew best in a nutrient-rich marine medium, with an optimal growth hydrostatic pressure of 50 MPa (range, 20 to 70 MPa) at 8°C. Under these conditions, the maximum growth rate was extremely slow, 0.017 h-1, and the maximum yield was 3.51 X 107 cells ml-1. Cell size and shape changed with pressure, shifting from 4.0 to 5.0 μm in length and 0.5 to 0.8 μm in width at 60 MPa to 0.8- to 1.0-μm diameter coccoid cells under 20 MPa, the minimal pressure required for growth. YC-1 is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic heterotroph. Its predominant cellular fatty acids are the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) C16:1 and C.18:1 Unlike many other psychropiezophiles, YC-1 does not synthesize any polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Phylogenetic analysis placed YC-1 within the family of Oceanospirillaceae, closely related to the uncultured symbiont of the deep-sea whale bone-eating worms of the genus Osedax. In common with some other members of the Oceanospirillales, including those enriched during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, YC-1 is capable of hydrocarbon utilization. On the basis of its characteristics, YC-1 appears to represent both a new genus and a new species, which we name Profundimonas piezophila gen. nov., sp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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