Author: "Elsa Sousa" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

127 results on '"Elsa Sousa"'

1. DESIGUALDADE GLOBAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO

Author: Roberto Goulart Menezes and Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: Social sciences (General), H1-99
Published: 2022
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2. Desenvolvimento e cooperação internacional

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: Social sciences (General), H1-99
Published: 2012
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3. O DISCURSO BRASILEIRO PARA A COOPERAÇÃO EM MOÇAMBIQUE: EXISTE AJUDA DESINTERESSADA?

Author: Elga Lessa de Almeida and Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Este trabajo analiza el discurso de la cooperación técnica brasileña para la promoción del desarrollo en los países africanos, relacionándolo con el aumento significativo de las inversiones en las empresas brasileñas en el continente. La estabilidad política, junto con el éxito de la economía brasileña, ha favorecido una participación más activa en la coordinación de la política mundial y el aumento de la cooperación con los países de Sudamérica, pero sobre todo en países africanos como Mozambique. Los países africanos se han convertido en importantes receptores de la cooperación técnica en el marco del discurso de la solidaridad internacional y la necesidad de compensación de la deuda histórica. Sin embargo, si este discurso se propaga a la desvinculación de los intereses económicos en un momento de crisis económica mundial, es imprescindible reflexionar sobre las limitaciones del discurso desinteresado. En este sentido, a partir de la documentación producida por la diplomacia brasileña y las posiciones de Brasil y Mozambique en la escena internacional, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el discurso brasileño, especialmente en Mozambique, en contra de la lógica capitalista de producción impregnada de un escenario de crisis internacional.
Published: 2013

4. Mercado de trabalho e pobreza: discurso e evidências na trajetória brasileira recente

Author: Ângela Borges and Elsa Sousa Kraychet
Subjects: work, labor market, poverty, World Bank, Brazil, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: O artigo discute a redefinição da origem da pobreza e a forma de administrá-la a partir da virada dos anos 80 para os anos 90 do século XX, tomando como exemplo o caso brasileiro. Resgata as abordagens dominantes que enfatizavam as causas estruturais da pobreza a partir da dinâmica do mercado de trabalho até a crise do fordismo e centra-se na nova matriz discursiva sobre a pobreza dos anos 90, que encontra no Banco Mundial a sua formulação mais paradigmática. Nessa visão, o centro do debate sobre a origem da pobreza e sobre as estratégias para o seu enfrentamento é deslocado para os indivíduos e seus déficit, retirando de cena questões estruturais relativas à relação capital x trabalho e, em especial, ao mercado de trabalho e enfatizando a descrição da situação dos pobres e a mensuração da pobreza, essenciais para a formulação de políticas focalizadas na administração da pobreza. Sustenta sua crítica a partir da análise de informações comparativas relativas ao funcionamento do mercado de trabalho nos anos do desenvolvimentismo e no período mais recente.
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5. O BANCO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO E SOCIAL (BNDES) E A EXPANSÃO DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL PARA A AMÉRICA DO SUL

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: National Bank for Economic and Social Development, credit, civil construction companies, Brazil, South America, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Este artigo apresenta os contratos de créditos concedidos pelo Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, entre 2004 e 2015, orientados para apoiar a exportação de serviços de engenharia para países da América do Sul, discriminados por empresa, país, obra realizada e valor do contrato. A análise dos dados é acompanhada da historicização das mudanças institucionais por que passa o Banco nas últimas décadas. A conclusão é que a concessão de créditos a empresas brasileiras de construção civil para a realização de obras no exterior é resultado de amplo movimento que contempla: exigências de sintonia entre os processos de valorização dos capitais e o modo de regulação diante das amplas modificações que o capitalismo passou em período recente; ações governamentais orientadas pela decisão de intensificar as relações Sul-Sul, especialmente em relação aos países da porção Sul do continente americano; e estratégias empresariais que visam a ampliação dos espaços de atuação.
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6. O lugar das organizações não governamentais no entrecruzamento entre as noções de desenvolvimento e cooperação internacional

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: development, international cooperation for the development, non-governmental organizations, corporate social responsibility, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: A emergência de uma nova agenda internacional para o desenvolvimento, à qual corresponde a proposição de um novo arranjo institucional de sustentação, contempla a participação do mercado, do Estado e da sociedade civil. Nesse arranjo, a dicotômica concepção de Estado interventor ou regulação social pelo mercado já não alcança a complexidade que a regulação social passa a demandar para atender às exigências da conjuntura da crise socioeconômica. As proposições das organizações internacionais orientam na direção da construção de consensos que possam ser pactuados institucionalmente. As organizações não governamentais e as empresas passam a ser consideradas como importantes nas concertações que visam a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas. A partir de leitura de documentos oficiais, assim como de literatura acadêmica, numa perspectiva crítica, este artigo argumenta sobre os paradoxos que a proposição encerra.
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7. Bancos e crédito no desenvolvimento recente da Bahia

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: development, territory, banks, credit, Bahia, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: A partir da distribuição espacial das agências bancárias e indicadores de depósitos e créditos, o artigo apresenta a geografia financeira do estado da Bahia em 2005. Para fundamentar a leitura dos dados, recupera-se a trajetória recente da economia baiana, destacando-se, em seguida, o papel dos bancos e o aporte do crédito como fundamentais para o desenvolvimento regional. Por fim, com base em dados do Banco Central, apresenta-se a posição relativa da Bahia frente às principais praças bancárias brasileiras, a rede de agências, a cobertura do território baiano por agências bancárias, a distribuição espacial dos estoques médios de depósitos e créditos e a hierarquização financeira das principais praças. Dessa forma, o artigo busca estabelecer os nexos entre a dinâmica financeira regional e a reespacialização dessas atividades, associadas à natureza dos ciclos de acumulação da economia.
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8. Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Author: Tài, Pham, Leo, Heunk, Giacomo, Bellani, Fabiana, Madotto, Irene, Aragao, Gaëtan, Beduneau, Ewan C, Goligher, Giacomo, Grasselli, Jon Henrik, Laake, Jordi, Mancebo, Oscar, Peñuela, Lise, Piquilloud, Antonio, Pesenti, Hannah, Wunsch, Frank, van Haren, Laurent, Brochard, John G, Laffey, Abrough, Fekri, P Acharya, Subhash, Amin, Pravin, Arabi, Yaseen, Aragao, Irene, Bauer, Philippe, Beduneau, Gaëtan, Beitler, Jeremy, Berkius, Johan, Bugedo, Guillermo, Camporota, Luigi, Cerny, Vladimir, Cho, Young-Jae, Clarkson, Kevin, Estenssoro, Elisa, Goligher, Ewan, Grasselli, Giacomo, Gritsan, Alexey, Mohammadreza Hashemian, Seyed, Hermans, Greet, M Heunks, Leo, Jovanovic, Bojan, Kurahashi, Kiyoyasu, Henrik Laake, Jon, Matamis, Dimitrio, Moerer, Onnen, Molnar, Zsolt, Ozyilmaz, Ezgi, Panka, Bernardo, Papali, Alfred, Peñuelas, Óscar, Perbet, Sébastien, Piquilloud, Lise, Qiu, Haibo, Abdel Razek, Assem, Rittayamai, Nuttapol, Roldan, Rollin, Serpa Neto, Ary, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty, Talmor, Daniel, Tomescu, Dana, Van Haren, Frank, Villagomez, Asisclo, Ali Zeggwagh, Amine, Abe, Toshikazu, Aboshady, Abdelrhman, Acampo-de Jong, Melanie, Acharya, Subhash, Adderley, Jane, Adiguzel, Nalan, Kumar Agrawal, Vijay, Aguilar, Gerardo, Aguirre, Gaston, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Ahlström, Björn, Akbas, Türkay, Akker, Mustafa, Al Sadeh, Ghamdan, Alamri, Sultan, Algaba, Angela, Ali, Muneeb, Aliberti, Anna, Manuel Allegue, Jose, Alvarez, Diana, Amador, Joaquin, H Andersen, Finn, Ansari, Sharique, Apichatbutr, Yutthana, Apostolopoulou, Olympia, Arellano, Daniel, Arica, Mestanza, Arikan, Huseyin, Arinaga, Koichi, Arnal, Jean-Michel, Asano, Kengo, Asín-Corrochano, Marta, Milagrito Avalos Cabrera, Jesu, Avila Fuentes, Silvia, Aydemir, Semih, Aygencel, Gulbin, Azevedo, Luciano, Bacakoglu, Feza, Badie, Julio, Baedorf Kassis, Elia, Bai, Gabriela, Balaraj, Govindan, Ballico, Bruno, Banner-Goodspeed, Valerie, Banwarie, Preveen, Barbieri, Rosella, Baronia, Arvind, Barrett, Jonathan, Barrot, Loïc, Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jesu, Barry, Jeffrey, Bawangade, Harshal, Beavis, Sarah, Beck, Eduardo, Beehre, Nina, Belenguer Muncharaz, Alberto, Bellani, Giacomo, Belliato, Mirko, Bellissima, Agrippino, Beltramelli, Rodrigo, Ben Souissi, Asma, Benitez-Cano, Adela, Benlamin, Mohamed, Benslama, Abdellatif, Bento, Lui, Benvenuti, Daniela, Bernabe, Laura, Bersten, Andrew, Berta, Giacomo, Bertini, Pietro, Bertram-Ralph, Elliot, Besbes, Mohamed, Roberto Bettini, Lisandro, Beuret, Pascal, Bewley, Jeremy, Bezzi, Marco, Bhakhtiani, Lakshay, Bhandary, Rakesh, Bhowmick, Kaushik, Bihari, Shailesh, Bissett, Bernie, Blythe, David, Bocher, Simon, Boedjawan, Narain, M Bojanowski, Christine, Boni, Elisa, Boraso, Sabrina, Borelli, Massimo, Borello, Silvina, Borislavova, Margarita, J Bosma, Karen, Bottiroli, Maurizio, Boyd, Owen, Bozbay, Suha, Briva, Arturo, Brochard, Laurent, Bruel, Cédric, Bruni, Andrea, Buehner, Ulrike, Bulpa, Pierre, Burt, Karen, Buscot, Mathieu, Buttera, Stefania, Cabrera, Jorge, Caccese, Roberta, Caironi, Pietro, Canchos Gutierrez, Ivan, Canedo, Nancy, Cani, Alma, Cappellini, Iacopo, Carazo, Jesu, Pablo Cardonnet, Lui, Carpio, David, Carriedo, Demetrio, Carrillo, Ramón, Carvalho, João, Caser, Eliana, Castelli, Antonio, Castillo Quintero, Manuel, Castro, Heloisa, Catorze, Nuno, Cengiz, Melike, Cereijo, Enrique, Ceunen, Helga, Chaintoutis, Christo, Chang, Youjin, Chaparro, Gustavogcha, Chapman, Carmel, Chau, Simon, Eugenia Chavez, Cecilia, Chelazzi, Cosimo, Chelly, Jonathan, Chemouni, Frank, Chen, Kai, Chena, Ariel, Chiarandini, Paolo, Chilton, Phil, Chiumello, Davide, Chou-Lie, Yvette, Chudeau, Nicola, Cinel, Ismail, Cinnella, Gilda, Clark, Michele, Clark, Thoma, Clementi, Stefano, Coaguila, Lui, Jaspe Codecido, Alexi, Collins, Amy, Colombo, Riccardo, Conde, Juan, Consales, Guglielmo, Cook, Tim, Coppadoro, Andrea, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Cortegiani, Andrea, Coxo, Cristina, Neville Cracchiolo, Andrea, Crespo Ramirez, Mónica, Crova, Philippe, Cruz, José, Cubattoli, Lucia, Çukurova, Zafer, Curto, Francesco, Czempik, Piotr, D'Andrea, Rocco, da Silva Ramos, Fernando, Dangers, Laurence, Danguy des Déserts, Marc, Danin, Pierre-Eric, Dantas, Fabianne, Daubin, Cédric, Dawei, Wu, de Haro, Candelaria, de Jesus Montelongo, Felipe, De Mendoza, Diego, de Pablo, Raúl, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Rosa, Silvia, Decavèle, Maxen, Declercq, Pierre-Loui, Deicas, Alberto, Del Carmen Campos Moreno, María, Dellamonica, Jean, Delmas, Benjamin, Demirkiran, Oktay, Demirkiran, Hilmi, Dendane, Tarek, di Mussi, Rossella, Diakaki, Chrysi, Diaz, Anatilde, Diaz, Willy, Dikmen, Yalim, Dimoula, Aikaterini, Doble, Patricia, Doha, Nagwa, Domingos, Guilherme, Dres, Martin, Dries, David, Duggal, Abhijit, Duke, Graeme, Dunts, Pavel, Dybwik, Knut, Dykyy, Maksym, Eckert, Philippe, Efe, Serdar, Elatrous, Souheil, Elay, Gülseren, S Elmaryul, Abubaker, Elsaadany, Mohamed, Elsayed, Hany, Elsayed, Samar, Emery, Malo, Ena, Sébastien, Eng, Kevin, A Englert, Joshua, Erdogan, Elif, Ergin Ozcan, Perihan, Eroglu, Ege, Escobar, Miguel, Esen, Figen, Esen Tekeli, Arzu, Esquivel, Alejandro, Esquivel Gallegos, Helbert, Ezzouine, Hanane, Facchini, Alberto, Faheem, Mohammad, Fanelli, Vito, Fernanda Farina, Maria, Fartoukh, Muriel, Fehrle, Lutz, Feng, Feng, Feng, Yufeng, Fernandez, Irene, Fernandez, Borja, Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Maria, Ferrando, Carlo, João Ferreira da Silva, Maria, Ferreruela, Mireia, Ferrier, Janet, Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Matia, Flood, Laura, Floris, Leda, Fluckiger, Martin, Forteza, Catalina, Fortunato, Antonella, Frans, Eric, Frattari, Antonella, Fredes, Sebastian, Frenzel, Tim, Fumagalli, Roberto, Andres Furche, Mariano, Fusari, Maurizio, Fysh, Edward, Luis Galeas-Lopez, Juan, Galerneau, Louis-Marie, Garcia, Analía, Fernanda Garcia, María, Garcia, Elisabet, Garcia Olivares, Pablo, Garlicki, Jaroslaw, Garnero, Aude, Garofalo, Eugenio, Gautam, Prabha, Gazenkampf, Andrey, Gelinotte, Stéphanie, Gelormini, Domenico, Ghrenassia, Etienne, Giacomucci, Angelo, Giannoni, Robert, Gigante, Andrea, Glober, Nancy, Gnesin, Paolo, Gollo, Yari, Gomaa, Dina, Gomero Paredes, Rosita, Gomes, Rui, Alejandro Gomez, Raúl, Gomez, Oscar, Gomez, Aroa, Gondim, Louise, Gonzalez, Manuel, Gonzalez, Isabel, Gonzalez-Castro, Alejandro, Gordillo Romero, Orlando, Gordo, Federico, Gouin, Philippe, Graf Santos, Jerónimo, Grainne, Rooney, Grando, Matilde, Granov Grabovica, Sanja, Grasso, Salvatore, Grasso, Rinaldo, Grimmer, Lisa, Grissom, Colin, Gu, Qing, Guan, Xiang-Dong, Guarracino, Fabio, Guasch, Neu, Guatteri, Luca, Gueret, Renaud, Guérin, Claude, Guerot, Emmanuel, Guitard, Pierre-Gilda, Gül, Fethi, Gumus, Ayca, Gurjar, Mohan, Gutierrez, Patricia, Hachimi, Abdelhamid, Hadzibegovic, Adi, Hagan, Samantha, Hammel, Clare, Han Song, Joo, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Heines, Serge, Henriksson, Johanna, Herbrecht, Jean-Etienne, Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Gabriel, Hermon, Andrew, Hernandez, Rosana, Hernandez, Carmen, Herrera, Lui, Herrera-Gutierrez, Manuel, Heunks, Leo, Hidalgo, Juan, Hill, Dianne, Holmquist, Dagmar, Homez, Marcela, Hongtao, Xia, Hormis, Anil, Horner, Daniel, Carmen Hornos, M, Hou, Meihong, House, Stacy, Housni, Brahim, Hugill, Keith, Humphreys, Sally, Humbert, Loui, Hunter, Stephanie, Hwa Young, Lee, Iezzi, Nicola, Ilutovich, Santiago, Inal, Volkan, Innes, Richard, Ioannides, Panagioti, Antonio Iotti, Giorgio, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Irie, Hiromasa, Iriyama, Hiroki, Itagaki, Taiga, Izura, Javier, Izza, Santiago, Jabeen, Rakhshanda, Jamaati, Hamidreza, Jamadarkhana, Sunil, Jamoussi, Amira, Jankowski, Milosz, Alberto Jaramillo, Lui, Jeon, Kyeongman, Jeong Lee, Seok, Jeswani, Deepak, Jha, Simant, Jiang, Liangyan, Jing, Chen, Jochmans, Sébastien, Anders Johnstad, Bror, Jongmin, Lee, Joret, Aurélie, Junhasavasdikul, Detajin, Teresa Jurado, Maria, Kam, Elisa, Kamohara, Hidenobu, Kane, Caroline, Kara, Iskender, Karakurt, Sait, Karnjanarachata, Cherdkiat, Kataoka, Jun, Katayama, Shinshu, Kaushik, Shuchi, Kelebek Girgin, Nermin, Kerr, Kathryn, Kerslake, Ian, Khairnar, Prakash, Khalid, Abidi, Khan, Akram, K Khanna, Ashish, Khorasanee, Reza, Kienhorst, Dieneke, Kirakli, Cenk, Knafelj, Rihard, Kol Kol, Mark, Kongpolprom, Napplika, Kopitko, Csaba, Korkmaz Ekren, Pervin, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Kulcsar, Zoltan, Kumasawa, Junji, Kuriyama, Akira, Kutchak, Fernanda, Labarca, Eduardo, Labat, Françoise, Laborda, César, Alberto Laca Barrera, Manuel, Lagache, Laurie, Landaverde Lopez, Antonio, Lanspa, Michael, Lascari, Valeria, Le Meur, Matthieu, Hwan Lee, Su, Ju Lee, Young, Lee, Jinwoo, Lee, Won-Yeon, Lee, Jarone, Legernaes, Terje, Leiner, Tamaa, Lemiale, Virginie, Leonor, Tiago, M Lepper, Philipp, Li, Dahuan, Li, Hongbin, Li, Oleg, Raquel Lima, Ana, Lind, Dan, Litton, Edward, Liu, Ning, Liu, Ling, Liu, Jialin, Llitjos, Jean-Françoi, Llorente, Beatriz, Lopez, Rodolfo, Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia, Lopez Nava, Claudia, Lovazzano, Pablo, Lu, Min, Lucchese, Francesca, Lugano, Manuela, Lugo Goytia, Gustavo, Luo, Hua, Lynch, Ceri, Macheda, Sebastiano, Hugo Madrigal Robles, Victor, Maurizio Maggiore, Salvatore, Magret Iglesias, Mònica, Malaga, Peter, Mallapura Maheswarappa, Harish, Malpartida, Guillermo, Malyarchikov, Andrey, Mansson, Helena, Manzano, Anaid, Marey, Ismael, Marin, Nathalie, Del Carmen Marin, Maria, Markman, Eliana, Martin, Felix, Martin, Alex, Martin Dal Gesso, Cristina, Martinez, Felipe, Martínez-Fidalgo, Conchita, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mas, Arantxa, Masaaki, Sakuraya, Maseda, Emilio, Massa, Eleni, Mattsson, Anna, Maugeri, Jessica, Mccredie, Victoria, Mccullough, Jame, Mcguinness, Shay, Mckown, Andrew, Medve, László, Mei, Chengqing, Mellado Artigas, Ricard, Mendes, Vitor, Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Mohamed, Michaux, Isabelle, Mikhaeil, Michael, Milagros, Olga, Milet, Igor, Teresa Millan, Maria, Minwei, Zhang, Mirabella, Lucia, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Mistraletti, Giovanni, Mochizuki, Katsunori, Moghal, Arif, Mojoli, Francesco, Molin, Alexandre, Montiel, Raquel, Montini, Luca, Monza, Gianmario, Mora Aznar, Maria, Morakul, Sunthiti, Morales, Maria, Moreno Torres, Daniel, Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Diego, Motherway, Catherine, Mouhssine, Doumiri, Mouloudi, Eleni, Muñoz, Tapia, Munoz de Cabo, Carlo, Mustafa, Mohamed, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Muthukrishnan, Muraleekrishnan, Muttini, Stefano, Nagata, Isao, Nahar, Dick, Nakanishi, Misuzu, Nakayama, Izumi, Antonio Namendys-Silva, Silvio, Nanchal, Rahul, Nandakumar, Sivakumar, Nasi, Alessandra, Nasir, Kamal, Navalesi, Paolo, Naz Aslam, Tayyba, Nga Phan, Thuy, Nichol, Alistair, Niiyama, Shuhei, Nikolakopoulou, Sofia, Nikolic, Elena, Nitta, Kenichi, Noc, Marko, Nonas, Stephanie, Nseir, Saad, Nur Soyturk, Ayse, Obata, Yukako, Oeckler, Richard, Oguchi, Moe, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Oikonomou, Marina, Ojados, Agueda, Teresa Oliveira, Maria, Oliveira Filho, Wilson, Oliveri, Carlo, Olmos, Aitor, Omura, Kazuya, Cristina Orlandi, Maria, Orsenigo, Francesca, Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Laura, Ota, Kei, Ovalle Olmos, Rainier, Öveges, Nándo, Oziemski, Peter, Ozkan Kuscu, Ozlem, Özyilmaz, Ezgi, Pachas Alvarado, Fernando, Pagella, Gonzalo, Palaniswamy, Vijayanand, Luis Palazon Sanchez, Eugenio, Palmese, Salvatore, Pan, Guojun, Pan, Wensen, Papanikolaou, Metaxia, Papavasilopoulou, Theonymfi, Parekh, Ameet, Parke, Rachael, J Parrilla, Francisco, Parrilla, Dácil, Pasha, Taha, Pasin, Laura, Patão, Lui, Patel, Mayur, Patel, Grisma, Kumar Pati, Basanta, Patil, Jayaprakash, Pattnaik, Saroj, Paul, Daniel, Pavesi, Maurizio, Alejandra Pavlotsky, Vanesa, Paz, Graciela, Paz, Enrique, Pecci, Elisabetta, Pellegrini, Carlo, Gabriela Peña Padilla, Andrea, Perchiazzi, Gaetano, Pereira, Tiago, Pereira, Vera, Perez, Manuel, Perez Calvo, Cesar, Perez Cheng, Meisy, Perez Maita, Ronald, Pérez-Araos, Rodrigo, Perez-Teran, Purificación, Perez-Torres, David, Perkins, Gavin, Persona, Paolo, Petnak, Tananchai, Petrova, Marina, Pham, Tai, Philippart, Françoi, Picetti, Edoardo, Pierucci, Elisabetta, Piervincenzi, Edoardo, Pinciroli, Riccardo, Pintado, Maria-Consuelo, Piraino, Thoma, Piras, Stephanie, Piras, Claudio, Pirompanich, Pattarin, Pisani, Luigi, Platas, Enrique, Plotnikow, Gustavo, Porras, Willy, Porta, Virginia, Portilla, Mariana, Portugal, José, Povoa, Pedro, Prat, Gwenael, Pratto, Romina, Preda, Gabriel, Prieto, Isidro, Prol-Silva, Estefania, Pugh, Richard, Qi, Yupeng, Qian, Chuanyun, Qin, Tiehe, Qu, Hongping, Quintana, Teobaldo, Quispe Sierra, Rosari, Quispe Soto, Rocio, Rabbani, Raihan, Rabee, Mohamed, Rabie, Ahmed, Augusta Rahe Pereira, Maria, Rai, Ashish, Raj Ashok, Sundar, Rajab, Mostafa, Ramdhani, Navin, Ramey, Elizabeth, Ranieri, Marco, Rathod, Darshana, Ray, Banambar, Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Shihan, Regli, Adrian, Reina, Rosa, Resano Sarmiento, Natalia, Reynaud, Faustine, Rialp, Gemma, Ricart, Pilar, Rice, Todd, Richardson, Angu, Rieder, Marcelo, Rinket, Martin, Rios, Fernando, Risso Vazquez, Alejandro, Riva, Ivano, Rivette, Monaly, Roca, Oriol, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Rodriguez, Covadonga, Rodriguez, Gabriel, Rodriguez Gonzalez, Daniel, Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Xandra, Rogers, Angela, Elena Romano, María, Rørtveit, Linda, Rose, Alastair, Roux, Damien, Rouze, Anahita, Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Paolo, Ruilan, Wang, Ruiz Robledo, Aldana, Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Antonio, Sadahiro, Tomohito, Saez, Ignacio, Sagardia, Judith, Saha, Rajnish, Saha, Rohit, Saiphoklang, Narongkorn, Saito, Shigeki, Salem, Maie, Sales, Gabriele, Salgado, Patricia, Samavedam, Sriniva, Sami Mebazaa, Mhamed, Samuelsson, Line, San Juan Roman, Nandyelly, Sanchez, Patricia, Sanchez-Ballesteros, Jesu, Sandoval, Yazcitk, Sani, Emanuele, Santos, Martin, Santos, Carla, Sanui, Masamitsu, Saravanabavan, Lakshmikanthcharan, Sari, Sema, Sarkany, Agne, Sauneuf, Bertrand, Savioli, Monica, Sazak, Hilal, Scano, Riccardo, Schneider, Franci, Schortgen, Frédérique, J Schultz, Marcu, Leonie Schwarz, Gabriele, Seçkin Yücesoy, Faruk, Seely, Andrew, Seiler, Frederik, Seker Tekdos, Yasemin, Seok Chan, Kim, Serano, Luca, Serednicki, Wojciech, Setten, Mariano, Shah, Asim, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shang, You, Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep, Shapovalov, Konstantin, Shebl, Eman, Shiga, Takuya, Shime, Nobuaki, Shin, Phil, Short, Jack, Shuhua, Chen, Siddiqui, Sughrat, Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Juan, Silva, Daniel, Silva Sales, Betania, Simons, Koen, Ågot Sjøbø, Brit, Slessor, David, Smiechowicz, Jakub, Smischney, Nathan, Smith, Paul, Smith, Tim, Smith, Mark, Snape, Sarah, Snyman, Lindi, Soetens, Filiep, Sook Hong, Kyung, Ángel Sosa Medellin, Miguel, Soto, Giovanna, Souloy, Xavier, Sousa, Elsa, Sovatzis, Stefania, Sozutek, Didem, Spadaro, Savino, Spagnoli, Marco, Spångfors, Martin, Spittle, Nick, Spivey, Mike, Stapleton, Andrew, Stefanovic, Branislava, Stephenson, Lorraine, Stevenson, Elizabeth, Strand, Kristian, Teresa Strano, Maria, Straus, Slavenka, Sun, Chenliang, Sun, Rongqing, Sundaram, Venkat, Sunpark, Tai, Surlemont, Elisabeth, Sutherasan, Yuda, Szabo, Zsuzsanna, Tainter, Christopher, Takaba, Akihiro, Tallott, 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Maseda, Eleni Massa, Anna Mattsson, Jessica Maugeri, Victoria McCredie, James McCullough, Shay McGuinness, Andrew McKown, László Medve, Chengqing Mei, Ricard Mellado Artigas, Vitor Mendes, Mohamed Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Isabelle Michaux, Michael Mikhaeil, Olga Milagros, Igor Milet, Maria Teresa Millan, Zhang Minwei, Lucia Mirabella, Sanghamitra Mishra, Giovanni Mistraletti, Katsunori Mochizuki, Arif Moghal, Francesco Mojoli, Alexandre Molin, Raquel Montiel, Luca Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Gianmario Monza, Maria Mora Aznar, Sunthiti Morakul, Maria Morales, Daniel Moreno Torres, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Catherine Motherway, Doumiri Mouhssine, Eleni Mouloudi, Tapia Muñoz, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Mohamed Mustafa, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Muraleekrishnan Muthukrishnan, Stefano Muttini, Isao Nagata, Dick Nahar, Misuzu Nakanishi, Izumi Nakayama, Silvio Antonio Namendys-Silva, Rahul Nanchal, Sivakumar Nandakumar, Alessandra Nasi, Kamal Nasir, Paolo Navalesi, Tayyba Naz 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Kassis, Gabriela Bai, Govindan Balaraj, Bruno Ballico, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed, Preveen Banwarie, Rosella Barbieri, Arvind Baronia, Jonathan Barrett, Loïc Barrot, Jesus Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Jeffrey Barry, Harshal Bawangade, Sarah Beavis, Eduardo Beck, Nina Beehre, Alberto Belenguer Muncharaz, Giacomo Bellani, Mirko Belliato, Agrippino Bellissima, Rodrigo Beltramelli, Asma Ben Souissi, Adela Benitez-Cano, Mohamed Benlamin, Abdellatif Benslama, Luis Bento, Daniela Benvenuti, Laura Bernabe, Andrew Bersten, Giacomo Berta, Pietro Bertini, Elliot Bertram-Ralph, Mohamed Besbes, Lisandro Roberto Bettini, Pascal Beuret, Jeremy Bewley, Marco Bezzi, Lakshay Bhakhtiani, Rakesh Bhandary, Kaushik Bhowmick, Shailesh Bihari, Bernie Bissett, David Blythe, Simon Bocher, Narain Boedjawan, Christine M Bojanowski, Elisa Boni, Sabrina Boraso, Massimo Borelli, Silvina Borello, Margarita Borislavova, Karen J Bosma, Maurizio Bottiroli, Owen Boyd, Suha Bozbay, Arturo Briva, Laurent Brochard, Cédric Bruel, Andrea Bruni, Ulrike Buehner, Pierre Bulpa, Karen Burt, Mathieu Buscot, Stefania Buttera, Jorge Cabrera, Roberta Caccese, Pietro Caironi, Ivan Canchos Gutierrez, Nancy Canedo, Alma Cani, Iacopo Cappellini, Jesus Carazo, Luis Pablo Cardonnet, David Carpio, Demetrio Carriedo, Ramón Carrillo, João Carvalho, Eliana Caser, Antonio Castelli, Manuel Castillo Quintero, Heloisa Castro, Nuno Catorze, Melike Cengiz, Enrique Cereijo, Helga Ceunen, Christos Chaintoutis, Youjin Chang, Gustavogcha Chaparro, Carmel Chapman, Simon Chau, Cecilia Eugenia Chavez, Cosimo Chelazzi, Jonathan Chelly, Frank Chemouni, Kai Chen, Ariel Chena, Paolo Chiarandini, Phil Chilton, Davide Chiumello, Yvette Chou-Lie, Nicolas Chudeau, Ismail Cinel, Gilda Cinnella, Michele Clark, Thomas Clark, Stefano Clementi, Luis Coaguila, Alexis Jaspe Codecido, Amy Collins, Riccardo Colombo, Juan Conde, Guglielmo Consales, Tim Cook, Andrea Coppadoro, Rodrigo Cornejo, Andrea Cortegiani, Cristina Coxo, Andrea Neville Cracchiolo, Mónica Crespo Ramirez, Philippe Crova, José Cruz, Lucia Cubattoli, Zafer Çukurova, Francesco Curto, Piotr Czempik, Rocco D'Andrea, Fernando da Silva Ramos, Laurence Dangers, Marc Danguy des Déserts, Pierre-Eric Danin, Fabianne Dantas, Cédric Daubin, Wu Dawei, Candelaria de Haro, Felipe de Jesus Montelongo, Diego De Mendoza, Raúl de Pablo, Gennaro De Pascale, Silvia De Rosa, Maxens Decavèle, Pierre-Louis Declercq, Alberto Deicas, María Del Carmen Campos Moreno, Jean Dellamonica, Benjamin Delmas, Oktay Demirkiran, Hilmi Demirkiran, Tarek Dendane, Rossella di Mussi, Chrysi Diakaki, Anatilde Diaz, Willy Diaz, Yalim Dikmen, Aikaterini Dimoula, Patricia Doble, Nagwa Doha, Guilherme Domingos, Martin Dres, David Dries, Abhijit Duggal, Graeme Duke, Pavel Dunts, Knut Dybwik, Maksym Dykyy, Philippe Eckert, Serdar Efe, Souheil Elatrous, Gülseren Elay, Abubaker S Elmaryul, Mohamed Elsaadany, Hany Elsayed, Samar Elsayed, Malo Emery, Sébastien Ena, Kevin Eng, Joshua A Englert, Elif Erdogan, Perihan Ergin Ozcan, Ege Eroglu, Miguel Escobar, Figen Esen, Arzu Esen Tekeli, Alejandro Esquivel, Helbert Esquivel Gallegos, Hanane Ezzouine, Alberto Facchini, Mohammad Faheem, Vito Fanelli, Maria Fernanda Farina, Muriel Fartoukh, Lutz Fehrle, Feng Feng, Yufeng Feng, Irene Fernandez, Borja Fernandez, Maria Lorena Fernandez-Rodriguez, Carlos Ferrando, Maria João Ferreira da Silva, Mireia Ferreruela, Janet Ferrier, Matias Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Laura Flood, Leda Floris, Martin Fluckiger, Catalina Forteza, Antonella Fortunato, Eric Frans, Antonella Frattari, Sebastian Fredes, Tim Frenzel, Roberto Fumagalli, Mariano Andres Furche, Maurizio Fusari, Edward Fysh, Juan Luis Galeas-Lopez, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Analía Garcia, María Fernanda Garcia, Elisabet Garcia, Pablo Garcia Olivares, Jaroslaw Garlicki, Aude Garnero, Eugenio Garofalo, Prabha Gautam, Andrey Gazenkampf, Stéphanie Gelinotte, Domenico Gelormini, Etienne Ghrenassia, Angelo Giacomucci, Robert Giannoni, Andrea Gigante, Nancy Glober, Paolo Gnesin, Yari Gollo, Dina Gomaa, Rosita Gomero Paredes, Rui Gomes, Raúl Alejandro Gomez, Oscar Gomez, Aroa Gomez, Louise Gondim, Manuel Gonzalez, Isabel Gonzalez, Alejandro Gonzalez-Castro, Orlando Gordillo Romero, Federico Gordo, Philippe Gouin, Jerónimo Graf Santos, Rooney Grainne, Matilde Grando, Sanja Granov Grabovica, Salvatore Grasso, Rinaldo Grasso, Lisa Grimmer, Colin Grissom, Qing Gu, Xiang-Dong Guan, Fabio Guarracino, Neus Guasch, Luca Guatteri, Renaud Gueret, Claude Guérin, Emmanuel Guerot, Pierre-Gildas Guitard, Fethi Gül, Ayca Gumus, Mohan Gurjar, Patricia Gutierrez, Abdelhamid Hachimi, Adi Hadzibegovic, Samantha Hagan, Clare Hammel, Joo Han Song, Gabrielle Hanlon, Serge Heines, Johanna Henriksson, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Gabriel Omar Heredia Orbegoso, Andrew Hermon, Rosana Hernandez, Carmen Hernandez, Luis Herrera, Manuel Herrera-Gutierrez, Leo Heunks, Juan Hidalgo, Dianne Hill, Dagmar Holmquist, Marcela Homez, Xia Hongtao, Anil Hormis, Daniel Horner, M Carmen Hornos, Meihong Hou, Stacy House, Brahim Housni, Keith Hugill, Sally Humphreys, Louis Humbert, Stephanie Hunter, Lee Hwa Young, Nicolas Iezzi, Santiago Ilutovich, Volkan Inal, Richard Innes, Panagiotis Ioannides, Giorgio Antonio Iotti, Mariachiara Ippolito, Hiromasa Irie, Hiroki Iriyama, Taiga Itagaki, Javier Izura, Santiago Izza, Rakhshanda Jabeen, Hamidreza Jamaati, Sunil Jamadarkhana, Amira Jamoussi, Milosz Jankowski, Luis Alberto Jaramillo, Kyeongman Jeon, Seok Jeong Lee, Deepak Jeswani, Simant Jha, Liangyan Jiang, Chen Jing, Sébastien Jochmans, Bror Anders Johnstad, Lee Jongmin, Aurélie Joret, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Maria Teresa Jurado, Elisa Kam, Hidenobu Kamohara, Caroline Kane, Iskender Kara, Sait Karakurt, Cherdkiat Karnjanarachata, Jun Kataoka, Shinshu Katayama, Shuchi Kaushik, Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Kathryn Kerr, Ian Kerslake, Prakash Khairnar, Abidi Khalid, Akram Khan, Ashish K Khanna, Reza Khorasanee, Dieneke Kienhorst, Cenk Kirakli, Rihard Knafelj, Mark Kol Kol, Napplika Kongpolprom, Csaba Kopitko, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Zoltan Kulcsar, Junji Kumasawa, Akira Kuriyama, Fernanda Kutchak, Eduardo Labarca, Françoise Labat, César Laborda, Manuel Alberto Laca Barrera, Laurie Lagache, Antonio Landaverde Lopez, Michael Lanspa, Valeria Lascari, Matthieu Le Meur, Su Hwan Lee, Young Ju Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Won-Yeon Lee, Jarone Lee, Terje Legernaes, Tamaas Leiner, Virginie Lemiale, Tiago Leonor, Philipp M Lepper, Dahuan Li, Hongbin Li, Oleg Li, Ana Raquel Lima, Dan Lind, Edward Litton, Ning Liu, Ling Liu, Jialin Liu, Jean-François Llitjos, Beatriz Llorente, Rodolfo Lopez, Claudia Elizabeth Lopez, Claudia Lopez Nava, Pablo Lovazzano, Min Lu, Francesca Lucchese, Manuela Lugano, Gustavo Lugo Goytia, Hua Luo, Ceri Lynch, Sebastiano Macheda, Victor Hugo Madrigal Robles, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore, Mònica Magret Iglesias, Peter Malaga, Harish Mallapura Maheswarappa, Guillermo Malpartida, Andrey Malyarchikov, Helena Mansson, Anaid Manzano, Ismael Marey, Nathalie Marin, Maria Del Carmen Marin, Eliana Markman, Felix Martin, Alex Martin, Cristina Martin Dal Gesso, Felipe Martinez, Conchita Martínez-Fidalgo, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Arantxa Mas, Sakuraya Masaaki, Emilio Maseda, Eleni Massa, Anna Mattsson, Jessica Maugeri, Victoria McCredie, James McCullough, Shay McGuinness, Andrew McKown, László Medve, Chengqing Mei, Ricard Mellado Artigas, Vitor Mendes, Mohamed Khalaf Ebraheim Mervat, Isabelle Michaux, Michael Mikhaeil, Olga Milagros, Igor Milet, Maria Teresa Millan, Zhang Minwei, Lucia Mirabella, Sanghamitra Mishra, Giovanni Mistraletti, Katsunori Mochizuki, Arif Moghal, Francesco Mojoli, Alexandre Molin, Raquel Montiel, Luca Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Gianmario Monza, Maria Mora Aznar, Sunthiti Morakul, Maria Morales, Daniel Moreno Torres, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Catherine Motherway, Doumiri Mouhssine, Eleni Mouloudi, Tapia Muñoz, Carlos Munoz de Cabo, Mohamed Mustafa, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Muraleekrishnan Muthukrishnan, Stefano Muttini, Isao Nagata, Dick Nahar, Misuzu Nakanishi, Izumi Nakayama, Silvio Antonio Namendys-Silva, Rahul Nanchal, Sivakumar Nandakumar, Alessandra Nasi, Kamal Nasir, Paolo Navalesi, Tayyba Naz Aslam, Thuy Nga Phan, Alistair Nichol, Shuhei Niiyama, Sofia Nikolakopoulou, Elena Nikolic, Kenichi Nitta, Marko Noc, Stephanie Nonas, Saad Nseir, Ayse Nur Soyturk, Yukako Obata, Richard Oeckler, Moe Oguchi, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Marina Oikonomou, Agueda Ojados, Maria Teresa Oliveira, Wilson Oliveira Filho, Carlo Oliveri, Aitor Olmos, Kazuya Omura, Maria Cristina Orlandi, Francesca Orsenigo, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, Kei Ota, Rainier Ovalle Olmos, Nándo Öveges, Peter Oziemski, Ozlem Ozkan Kuscu, Ezgi Özyilmaz, Fernando Pachas Alvarado, Gonzalo Pagella, Vijayanand Palaniswamy, Eugenio Luis Palazon Sanchez, Salvatore Palmese, Guojun Pan, Wensen Pan, Metaxia Papanikolaou, Theonymfi Papavasilopoulou, Ameet Parekh, Rachael Parke, Francisco J Parrilla, Dácil Parrilla, Taha Pasha, Laura Pasin, Luis Patão, Mayur Patel, Grisma Patel, Basanta Kumar Pati, Jayaprakash Patil, Saroj Pattnaik, Daniel Paul, Maurizio Pavesi, Vanesa Alejandra Pavlotsky, Graciela Paz, Enrique Paz, Elisabetta Pecci, Carlos Pellegrini, Andrea Gabriela Peña Padilla, Gaetano Perchiazzi, Tiago Pereira, Vera Pereira, Manuel Perez, Cesar Perez Calvo, Meisy Perez Cheng, Ronald Perez Maita, Rodrigo Pérez-Araos, Purificación Perez-Teran, David Perez-Torres, Gavin Perkins, Paolo Persona, Tananchai Petnak, Marina Petrova, Tai Pham, François Philippart, Edoardo Picetti, Elisabetta Pierucci, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Riccardo Pinciroli, Maria-Consuelo Pintado, Thomas Piraino, Stephanie Piras, Claudio Piras, Pattarin Pirompanich, Luigi Pisani, Enrique Platas, Gustavo Plotnikow, Willy Porras, Virginia Porta, Mariana Portilla, José Portugal, Pedro Povoa, Gwenael Prat, Romina Pratto, Gabriel Preda, Isidro Prieto, Estefania Prol-Silva, Richard Pugh, Yupeng Qi, Chuanyun Qian, Tiehe Qin, Hongping Qu, Teobaldo Quintana, Rosari Quispe Sierra, Rocio Quispe Soto, Raihan Rabbani, Mohamed Rabee, Ahmed Rabie, Maria Augusta Rahe Pereira, Ashish Rai, Sundar Raj Ashok, Mostafa Rajab, Navin Ramdhani, Elizabeth Ramey, Marco Ranieri, Darshana Rathod, Banambar Ray, Shihan Mahmud Redwanul Huq, Adrian Regli, Rosa Reina, Natalia Resano Sarmiento, Faustine Reynaud, Gemma Rialp, Pilar Ricart, Todd Rice, Angus Richardson, Marcelo Rieder, Martin Rinket, Fernando Rios, Alejandro Risso Vazquez, Ivano Riva, Monaly Rivette, Oriol Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Covadonga Rodriguez, Gabriel Rodriguez, Daniel Rodriguez Gonzalez, Xandra Yanina Rodriguez Tucto, Angela Rogers, María Elena Romano, Linda Rørtveit, Alastair Rose, Damien Roux, Anahita Rouze, Paolo Nahuel Rubatto Birri, Wang Ruilan, Aldana Ruiz Robledo, Antonio Luis Ruiz-Aguilar, Tomohito Sadahiro, Ignacio Saez, Judith Sagardia, Rajnish Saha, Rohit Saha, Narongkorn Saiphoklang, Shigeki Saito, Maie Salem, Gabriele Sales, Patricia Salgado, Srinivas Samavedam, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, Line Samuelsson, Nandyelly San Juan Roman, Patricia Sanchez, Jesus Sanchez-Ballesteros, Yazcitk Sandoval, Emanuele Sani, Martin Santos, Carla Santos, Masamitsu Sanui, Lakshmikanthcharan Saravanabavan, Sema Sari, Agnes Sarkany, Bertrand Sauneuf, Monica Savioli, Hilal Sazak, Riccardo Scano, Francis Schneider, Frédérique Schortgen, Marcus J Schultz, Gabriele Leonie Schwarz, Faruk Seçkin Yücesoy, Andrew Seely, Frederik Seiler, Yasemin Seker Tekdos, Kim Seok Chan, Luca Serano, Wojciech Serednicki, Mariano Setten, Asim Shah, Bhagyesh Shah, You Shang, Pradeep Shanmugasundaram, Konstantin Shapovalov, Eman Shebl, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Phil Shin, Jack Short, Chen Shuhua, Sughrat Siddiqui, Juan Ignacio Silesky Jimenez, Daniel Silva, Betania Silva Sales, Koen Simons, Brit Ågot Sjøbø, David Slessor, Jakub Smiechowicz, Nathan Smischney, Paul Smith, Tim Smith, Mark Smith, Sarah Snape, Lindi Snyman, Filiep Soetens, Kyung Sook Hong, Miguel Ángel Sosa Medellin, Giovanna Soto, Xavier Souloy, Elsa Sousa, Stefania Sovatzis, Didem Sozutek, Savino Spadaro, Marco Spagnoli, Martin Spångfors, Nick Spittle, Mike Spivey, Andrew Stapleton, Branislava Stefanovic, Lorraine Stephenson, Elizabeth Stevenson, Kristian Strand, Maria Teresa Strano, Slavenka Straus, Chenliang Sun, Rongqing Sun, Venkat Sundaram, Tai SunPark, Elisabeth Surlemont, Yuda Sutherasan, Zsuzsanna Szabo, Christopher Tainter, Akihiro Takaba, Mandy Tallott, Tamasato Tamasato, Zhanhong Tang, Viratch Tangsujaritvijit, Leandro Taniguchi, Daisuke Taniguchi, Fabio Tarantino, Krittika Teerapuncharoen, Susana Temprano, Pierpaolo Terragni, Nicolas Terzi, Anand Thakur, Pongdhep Theerawit, Arnaud W Thille, Matt Thomas, Poungrat Thungtitigul, Martial Thyrault, Nejla Tilouch, Karina Timenetsky, Juna Tirapu, Manuel Todeschini, Roser Tomas, Christian Tomaszewski, Tommaso Tonetti, Alexandre Tonnelier, John Trinder, Konlawij Trongtrakul, Jonathon Truwit, Betty Tsuei, Aiman Tulaimat, Sema Turan, Melda Turkoglu, Sanjeev Tyagi, Alejandro Ubeda, Federica Vagginelli, María Florencia Valenti, Imma Vallverdu, Alisha Van Axel, Ingrid van den Hul, Hans van der Hoeven, Nardo Van Der Meer, Marc Vanhoof, Mónica Vargas-Ordoñez, Rosanna Vaschetto, Ettore Vascotto, Maria Vatsik, Ana Vaz, Antonia Vazquez-Sanchez, Sara Ventura, Jan Wytze Vermeijden, Anxela Vidal, Jocyelle Vieira, Bruno Vilela Costa Pinto, Ana Villagra, Cristina Villegas Succar, Ole Georg Vinorum, Giovanni Vitale, Ramesh Vj, Ana Vochin, Guillaume Voiriot, Carlo Alberto Volta, Magnus von Seth, Maazouzi Wajdi, Don Walsh, Shouhong Wang, Gabriel Wardi, Nils Christian Ween-Velken, Bi-Lin Wei, Dolf Weller, Deborah Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Michael Wert, Simon Whiteley, Elizabeth Wilby, Erin Williams, Karen Williams, Antoinette Wilson, Jadwiga Wojtas, Jin Won Huh, David Wrathall, Christopher Wright, Jian-Feng Wu, Guo Xi, Zheng-Jiang Xing, Hongyang Xu, Kotaro Yamamoto, Jie Yan, Julio Yáñez, Xiaobo Yang, Elliot Yates, Ozlem Yazicioglu Mocin, Zhenglong Ye, Fatma Yildirim, Norifumi Yoshida, Hector Higo Leon Yoshido, Bo Young Lee, Rongguo Yu, Gong Yu, Tao Yu, Boyun Yuan, Nadwipa Yuangtrakul, Tetsuya Yumoto, Xie Yun, Graciela Zakalik, Ahmad Zaki, Begoña Zalba-Etayo, Massimo Zambon, Bin Zang, Gianluca Zani, Jonathan Zarka, Simone Maria Zerbi, Avsar Zerman, Harald Zetterquist, Jiuzhi Zhang, Hongwen Zhang, Wei Zhang, Guoxiu Zhang, Weixin Zhang, Hongsheng Zhao, Jia Zheng, Bin Zhu, and Ronald Zumaran
Abstract: Background: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0-4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 d
Published: 2023

9. Treatment of intracardiac thrombi using ultra-slow low-dose thrombolytic therapy: A case report

Author: Ricardo Alves Pinto, Sofia Torres, Mariana Formigo, Elsa Sousa, Luís Coentrão, Aida Neves, Filipe Macedo, Maria Júlia Maciel, and Teresa Oliveira
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2023
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10. Cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento: institucionalidades e agendas em distintos contextos econômicos e políticos

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2016
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11. Fatal meningococaemia in a SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive adolescent

Author: Diana I Dias, Elsa Sousa, Ana Rebelo, Jean F Alves, Mariana Pinto, Fátima Menezes, and Magalys Pereira
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Instructive Cases, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Instructive Case, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, business, Virology
Published: 2021

12. El Banco Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social en las estrategias de desarrollo de Brasil: de la articulación interna a la expansión en América Latina

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa and Cristaldo, Rômulo Carvalho
Published: 2013
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13. DISCURSO GERENCIALISTA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES NÃO GOVERNAMENTAIS (ONGS) E IDEÁRIO NEOLIBERAL PÓS 1990: ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL NÃO GOVERNAMENTAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO

Author: Maria Elisa Huber Pessina, Paulo Éverton Mota Simões, Elsa Sousa Kraychete, and Sóstenes Ericson Vicente da Silva
Published: 2020
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14. A geografia financeira do estado da Bahia: 1995 – 2004

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2009
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15. DISCURSO GERENCIALISTA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES NÃO GOVERNAMENTAIS (ONGS) E IDEÁRIO NEOLIBERAL PÓS 1990: ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL NÃO GOVERNAMENTAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO

Author: Pessina, Maria Elisa Huber, primary, Simões, Paulo Éverton Mota, additional, Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, additional, and Silva, Sóstenes Ericson Vicente da, additional
Published: 2020
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16. A review on the application of medical infrared thermal imaging in hands

Author: António Costa-Ferreira, Ricardo Vardasca, Elsa Sousa, Adérito Seixas, Joaquim Mendes, and Sérgio Teixeira
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Modality (human–computer interaction), Liquid crystal thermography, Computer science, Skin temperature, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Systematic review, Treatment assessment, Thermography, Medical imaging, Infrared thermal imaging, medicine, Medical physics, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Infrared Thermal (IRT) imaging is a medical imaging modality to study skin temperature in real time, providing physiological information about the underlining structures. One of the most accessible body sites to be investigated using such imaging method is the hands, which can reflect valuable information about conditions affecting the upper limbs. The aim of this review is to acquaint the successful applications of IRT in the hands with a medical scope, opening horizons for future applications based in the achieved results. A systematic literature review was performed in order to assess in which applications medical IRT imaging was applied to the hands. The literature search was conducted in the reference databases: PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science, making use of keywords (hand, thermography, infrared imaging, thermal imaging) combination that were present at the title and abstract. No temporal restriction was made. As a result, 4260 articles were identified, after removal of duplicates, 3224 articles remained and from first title and abstract filtering, a total of 388 articles were considered. After application of exclusion criteria (non-availability, non-clinical applications, reviews, case studies, written in other languages than English and using liquid crystal thermography), 146 articles were considered for this review. It can be verified that thermography provides useful diagnostic and monitoring information of conditions that directly or indirectly related to hands, as well as aiding in the treatment assessment. Trends and future challenges for IRT applications on hands are provided to stimulate researchers and clinicians to explore and address them.
Published: 2017
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17. Towards the Automatic Detection of Hand Fingertips and Phalanges in Thermal Images

Author: Joaquim Mendes, Elsa Sousa, António Costa-Ferreira, and Ricardo Vardasca
Subjects: Training set, Computer science, business.industry, 0206 medical engineering, Pattern recognition, 02 engineering and technology, 020601 biomedical engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, Task (computing), 0302 clinical medicine, Test set, Metric (mathematics), Edge extraction, Artificial intelligence, Linear correlation, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Manual analysis of thermal images and definition of regions of interest (ROI) of hands is a tedious and time-consuming task. Towards the automatic detection of anatomical thermal ROIs, an algorithm to automatically detect fingertips and phalanges were developed, using MATLAB®. Two strategies for fingertips detection were applied. The two algorithms were developed using 48 hand thermal images (size 320 × 240) as a training set, while 12 integrated the test set. The algorithms’ evaluation metric assesses the hand binarization and edge extraction, as well as the fingertip and phalanges detection. This evaluation metric showed a hit score of 70.2% for the first approach and 88.6% for the second method. The first approach shows a reasonable relationship between the average temperature of the detected phalanges and the manual marked phalanges (R2 = 0.6477), while the second approach presents a much strongest linear correlation (R2 = 0.9551), where the variables are highly associated, proving its efficiency. Future work includes improving the algorithm by using a larger training set.
Published: 2017
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18. Synovial tissue research: a state-of-the-art review

Author: Trudy McGarry, Malcolm D. Smith, Andrew Filer, Frances Humby, Arthur G. Pratt, Paul P. Tak, Bernard Lauwerys, Christopher D. Buckley, Carl Orr, Benoit Le Goff, Ernest Choy, Ursula Fearon, C. Pitzalis, Paul Emery, Antonio Manzo, Maya H Buch, Søren Andreas Just, David L. Boyle, Elsa Sousa, João Eurico Fonseca, Juan D. Cañete, Iain B. McInnes, Anca I. Catrina, Douglas J. Veale, John D. Isaacs, Aurélie Najm, Danielle M. Gerlag, Rogier M Thurlings, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Biomedical Research, Arthritis, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, Disease, Disease pathogenesis, Biomarkers/metabolism, Synovial Fluid/metabolism, Disease course, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Synovitis, Synovial Fluid, medicine, Humans, Synovial tissue, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Synovial Membrane, State of the art review, medicine.disease, Synovial Membrane/cytology, 030104 developmental biology, Rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis, business, Inflammatory diseases Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 5], Biomarkers
Abstract: Copyright © 2017, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved., The synovium is the major target tissue of inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis. The study of synovial tissue has advanced considerably throughout the past few decades from arthroplasty and blind needle biopsy to the use of arthroscopic and ultrasonographic technologies that enable easier visualization and improve the reliability of synovial biopsies. Rapid progress has been made in using synovial tissue to study disease pathogenesis, to stratify patients, to discover biomarkers and novel targets, and to validate therapies, and this progress has been facilitated by increasingly diverse and sophisticated analytical and technological approaches. In this Review, we describe these approaches, and summarize how their use in synovial tissue research has improved our understanding of rheumatoid arthritis and identified candidate biomarkers that could be used in disease diagnosis and stratification, as well as in predicting disease course and treatment response.
Published: 2017
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19. APROXIMAÇÕES PARA COMPREENDER A ÁFRICA CONTEMPORÂNEA

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2018
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20. COOPERAÇÃO BRASIL-MOÇAMBIQUE: UMA HISTÓRIA DE CINEMA – ENTREVISTA COM CHICO CARNEIRO

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2018
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21. AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO DOS COORDENADORES DO PROSAVANA PARA A LEGITIMAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE COOPERAÇÃO

Author: Aragão, Fernanda Maria Baraúna de Freitas, primary and Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, additional
Published: 2018
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22. HLA alleles and HLA-B27 haplotypes associated with susceptibility and severity of ankylosing spondylitis in a Portuguese population

Author: João Eurico Fonseca, Heleodório Honorato dos Santos, Célia Ribeiro, Jaime Branco, Margarida Cruz, Ana Filipa Mourão, Josenara Daiane de Souza Costa, Anabela Barcelos, Patrícia Pinto, Hélder Trindade, R. A. Santos, Margarida Gaspar de Matos, Dário Ligeiro, Fernando Pimentel-Santos, Elsa Sousa, and Henrique Guedes-Pinto
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Genetics, HLA-B27, Linkage disequilibrium, Immunology, Haplotype, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Human leukocyte antigen, Biology, Major histocompatibility complex, Biochemistry, Polymorphism (computer science), biology.protein, Immunology and Allergy, Allele, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 is the mostly known major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Nonetheless, there is substantial evidence that other MHC genes appear to be associated with the disease, although it has not yet been established whether these associations are driven by direct associations or by linkage disequilibrium (LD) mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the contributions of HLA class I and II alleles and B27-haplotypes for AS in a case-control study. A total of 188 HLA-B27 AS cases and 189 HLA-B27 healthy controls were selected and typed for HLA class I and II by the Luminex polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-SSOP) method. Allelic and haplotypic distributions were estimated by maximum likelihood method using Arlequin v3.11 and statistical analysis were performed by Stata10.1. No associations were found between non-HLA-B27 loci and AS susceptibility, but several associations were observed for phenotypic features of the disease. DRB1*08 was identified as a risk factor for uveitis and DQB1*04 seems to provide protection for AS severity (functional, metrological and radiological indexes). A*02/B27/C*02/DRB1*01/DQB1*05 [P
Published: 2013
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23. Cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento: institucionalidades e agendas em distintos contextos econômicos e políticos

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Published: 2016
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24. Contra Relatos

Author: Santos, Tacilla da Costa e Sá Siqueira and Kraychete, Elsa Sousa
Subjects: Moçambique, Cooperação Sul-Sul, Brasil
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2018-03-09T20:12:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A cooperação para o desenvolvimento entre o Brasil e a África um olhar sobre a presença de organizações da sociedade civil brasileira brasileira em Moçambique.pdf: 276094 bytes, checksum: 6430cae2b9dfdb8f376e55204fcfd4cd (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2018-03-20T20:59:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 A cooperação para o desenvolvimento entre o Brasil e a África um olhar sobre a presença de organizações da sociedade civil brasileira brasileira em Moçambique.pdf: 276094 bytes, checksum: 6430cae2b9dfdb8f376e55204fcfd4cd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T20:59:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A cooperação para o desenvolvimento entre o Brasil e a África um olhar sobre a presença de organizações da sociedade civil brasileira brasileira em Moçambique.pdf: 276094 bytes, checksum: 6430cae2b9dfdb8f376e55204fcfd4cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 Em meio a um cenário mutante no que tange a política mundial, o Brasil organiza a sua política externa de cooperação para o desenvolvimento, voltada, cada vez mais, para os países do Sul, com destaque para o continente africano, tendo Moçambique como principal beneficiário. A presença brasileira em Moçambique, nessa perspectiva, diz respeito não somente aos representantes governamentais, ou ainda as empresas brasileiras, mas também as organizações da sociedade civil do país que têm, sobretudo nos últimos anos, ultrapassado fronteiras para atuar em diferentes contextos, em relações afirmadas como cooperativas. Este trabalho trata da presença de organizações da sociedade civil brasileira em projetos de cooperação em Moçambique, buscando compreender os formatos das relações estabelecidas. Cordoba
Published: 2016

25. ANKHand Susceptibility to and Severity of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Author: Fátima Godinho, Elsa Sousa, Henrique Guedes-Pinto, Anabela Barcelos, João Eurico Fonseca, Dário Ligeiro, Jaime Branco, Matthew A. Brown, Margarida Cruz, Hélder Trindade, Mafalda Matos, Helena Santos, Patrícia Pinto, Ana R. Ribeiro, Fernando Pimentel-Santos, and Ana Filipa Mourão
Subjects: Adult, Genetic Markers, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Candidate gene, Pathology, Immunology, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Mice, Young Adult, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Phosphate Transport Proteins, Immunology and Allergy, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, education, Spondylitis, BASDAI, Aged, Genetic association, Ankylosing spondylitis, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Female, Disease Susceptibility, BASFI, business
Abstract: Objective.Unconfirmed reports describe association of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with several candidate genes includingANKH. Cellular export of inorganic pyrophosphate is regulated by the ANK protein, and mutant mice (ank/ank), which have a premature stop codon in the 3’ end of theankgene, develop severe ankylosis. We tested the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in these genes and susceptibility to AS in a population of patients with AS. We investigated the role of these genes in terms of functional (BASFI) and metrological (BASMI) measures, and the association with radiological severity (mSASSS).Methods.Our study was conducted on 355 patients with AS and 95 ethnically matched healthy controls. AS was defined according to the modified New York criteria. Four SNP inANKH(rs27356, rs26307, rs25957, and rs28006) were genotyped. Association analysis was performed using Cochrane-Armitage and linear regression tests for dichotomous and quantitative variables. Analyses of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), BASFI, and mSASSS were controlled for sex and disease duration.Results.None of the 4 markers showed significant single-locus disease associations (p > 0.05), suggesting thatANKHwas not a major determinant of AS susceptibility in our population. No association was observed between these SNP and age at symptom onset, BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, or mSASSS.Conclusion.These results confirm data in white Europeans thatANKHis probably not a major determinant of susceptibility to AS.ANKHpolymorphisms do not markedly influence AS disease severity, as measured by BASMI and mSASSS.
Published: 2011
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26. AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO DOS COORDENADORES DO PROSAVANA PARA A LEGITIMAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE COOPERAÇÃO

Author: Fernanda Maria Baraúna de Freitas Aragão and Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: General Materials Science
Abstract: O Programa de Cooperação Tripartida para o Desenvolvimento Agrícola da Savana Tropical de Moçambique (ProSAVANA) tem sido analisado sob diferentes aspectos. Neste artigo, a proposta é refletir sobre as estratégias de comunicação desenvolvidas pelos coordenadores do programa com o intuito de legitimá-lo. Criado sob a justificativa de promover o desenvolvimento agrícola sustentável para melhorar as condições de vida da população do Corredor de Nacala (norte moçambicano), o ProSAVANA, celebrado entre Japão, Brasil e Moçambique revela, em essência, favorecer a expansão do agronegócio na África. Ao incentivar o aumento da produtividade da produção de alimentos por meio da mecanização e utilização de agrotóxicos, mostra-se fiel ao projeto de desenvolvimento econômico que é próprio do sistema capitalista com suas contradições. Desde 2012, estratégias de comunicação e engajamento têm sido utilizadas para garantir a legitimidade do programa de cooperação. Em contrapartida, por meio de diferentes ações, cuja maior expressão é a campanha “Não ao ProSAVANA”, a articulação formada por camponeses, movimentos sociais, Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) e acadêmicos tem oferecido resistência. Entretanto, no percurso de luta para propor alternativas e barrar a concretização do ProSAVANA com benefícios especiais ao agronegócio, os grupos têm enfrentado problemas como a cooptação de lideranças e a falta de transparência.
Published: 2018
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27. COOPERAÇÃO BRASIL-MOÇAMBIQUE: UMA HISTÓRIA DE CINEMA – ENTREVISTA COM CHICO CARNEIRO

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: General Materials Science
Abstract: A organização deste Dossiê dos Cadernos é uma iniciativa do Grupo de Pesquisa Laboratório de Análise Política Mundial - LABMUNDO/UFBa, que, nos estudos africanos, atua em rede com quatro Universidades baianas. Os pesquisadores envolvidos nas investigações dessa linha, ao se debruçarem sobre casos concretos, buscam analisá-los a partir de contextos mais amplos, que têm em consideração: o processo que levou o continente africano a ser disputado pelas antigas e pelas potências emergentes, como espaço para realização de investimentos, transações comerciais e exploração de recursos naturais; a reconfiguração das forças sociais que emergiram das lutas de independência, seja nos rearranjos internos em cada país, seja nos movimentos que buscam inserir a África na atual dinâmica internacional globalizada; e, por fim, o movimento imprimido pela política externa brasileira que, ora busca aproximação com países africanos, ora move-se pelo afastamento, como sinaliza a inflexão proposta pelo atual governo, em contraposição à importância dada nos dois mandatos de Lula da Silva, que intensificou as articulações políticas e econômicas com países do continente africano. O intuito é que cada projeto vá se acercando de problemáticas atuais da África, a partir de perspectivas históricas. Continue lendo no texto completo no formato PDF...
Published: 2018
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28. APROXIMAÇÕES PARA COMPREENDER A ÁFRICA CONTEMPORÂNEA

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: General Materials Science
Abstract: A organização deste Dossiê dos Cadernos é uma iniciativa do Grupo de Pesquisa Laboratório de Análise Política Mundial - LABMUNDO/UFBa, que, nos estudos africanos, atua em rede com quatro Universidades baianas. Os pesquisadores envolvidos nas investigações dessa linha, ao se debruçarem sobre casos concretos, buscam analisá-los a partir de contextos mais amplos, que têm em consideração: o processo que levou o continente africano a ser disputado pelas antigas e pelas potências emergentes, como espaço para realização de investimentos, transações comerciais e exploração de recursos naturais; a reconfiguração das forças sociais que emergiram das lutas de independência, seja nos rearranjos internos em cada país, seja nos movimentos que buscam inserir a África na atual dinâmica internacional globalizada; e, por fim, o movimento imprimido pela política externa brasileira que, ora busca aproximação com países africanos, ora move-se pelo afastamento, como sinaliza a inflexão proposta pelo atual governo, em contraposição à importância dada nos dois mandatos de Lula da Silva, que intensificou as articulações políticas e econômicas com países do continente africano. O intuito é que cada projeto vá se acercando de problemáticas atuais da África, a partir de perspectivas históricas. Continue lendo o texto na versão em PDF...
Published: 2018
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29. APPLICATION OF FACTORIAL PLANNING AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY IN THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM COTTONSEED OIL (Gossipium hisutum L.)

Author: M. M. Conceição, Elsa Sousa, A. G. Souza, and R. H. R. de Carvalho
Subjects: Biodiesel, Materials science, Waste management, Alcohol, General Medicine, Pulp and paper industry, complex mixtures, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Diesel fuel, chemistry, Biofuel, Petroleum, Response surface methodology, Gas chromatography
Abstract: In this work the synthesis of biodiesel from cottonseed oil (Gossipium hisutum L.) via the methyl route was carried out using a homogeneous commercial catalyst, Na-Methylat®. By means of a 23 experimental planning methodology, it was possible to assess the influence of some parameters in the process, such as oil/alcohol molar ratio, % of catalyst and temperature. The best operation conditions that must be used in actual processes, typically a 1:8 oil/alcohol molar ratio, 40 °C and 1% of catalyst, were determined by gas chromatography, reaching 96.79 % in conversion, therefore above the level established by European regulations (96.50 %). The analysis of regression showed that the only significant effect, at a confidence level of 95 %, was the changeable temperature. The biodiesel samples were analyzed by infra-red spectroscopy, identifying strong methyl ester bands that correspond to the C=O axial deformation. Physicochemical analysis indicated conformity with the specifications of Brazilian Agency of Petroleum, Gas and Biofuels, which, together with the thermal and rheological analyses, demonstrated that the biodiesel produced from cottonseed oil can be used as an advantageous alternative in substitution of diesel.
Published: 2010
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30. Ankylosing Spondylitis Susceptibility and Severity-Contribution of TNF Gene Promoter Polymorphisms at Positions -238 and -308

Author: Teresa Laura Pinto, Joana Caetano-Lopes, Ana M. Rodrigues, João Eurico Fonseca, Patrícia Rosado Pinto, Francisco Ventura, José Alberto Pereira da Silva, Helena Canhão, José Teles, Queiroz Mv, Célia Ribeiro, Jaime Branco, Fernando Pimentel, Elsa Sousa, Ana Filipa Mourão, Carlos Miranda Rosa, and C Resende
Subjects: Adult, Male, Genotype, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Pathogenesis, Gene Frequency, History and Philosophy of Science, Humans, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, Allele, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Ankylosing spondylitis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Promoter, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Immunology, Female, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, business, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which genetic factors play a central role. The efficacy of TNF blockers has reoriented research in this field in order to explain the influence of TNF in AS pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to access the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions -308 and -238 of the promoter region of TNF gene on AS susceptibility and prognosis. SNPs were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphisms in patients and controls. AS patients exhibited a decreased frequency of the A allele at position -238 (10%) when compared with controls (18%), suggesting that this could be a protective factor for disease susceptibility. In addition, the -308 GA/AA genotypes were associated with later disease onset in AS patients. These results suggest that TNF gene promoter polymorphisms at positions -238 and -308 could have a small influence on AS susceptibility and prognosis.
Published: 2009
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31. Treating lupus: from serendipity to sense, the rise of the new biologicals and other emerging therapies

Author: David A. Isenberg and Elsa Sousa
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Immunologic Factors, Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2, Disease activity, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived, Immune system, Rheumatology, Antibodies monoclonal, medicine, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, CD40 Antigens, Intensive care medicine, B-Lymphocytes, Biological therapies, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Serendipity, business.industry, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Hydroxychloroquine, medicine.disease, Drug Design, Immunology, Rituximab, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: During the last 10 years our increasing understanding of the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has led to the introduction of several new biological therapies. SLE treatment has moved from the use of conventional drugs such as hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and non-specific immunosuppressants to targeting selective components of the immune system in the hope that they can be more effective and reduce undesired side-effects. These new treatments include B-cell-depleting therapies, antibodies and fusion proteins that block interleukins or the cross-talk between B and T cells, and tolerogens. However, although there are great expectations about new agents, double-blind controlled trials demonstrating safety and efficacy are still awaited, and better instruments for evaluating disease activity need to be developed.
Published: 2009
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32. El Banco Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social en las estrategias de desarrollo de Brasil: de la articulación interna a la expansión en América Latina

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete and Rômulo Carvalho Cristaldo
Subjects: Sociology and Political Science, Restructuring, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Social change, Diversification (finance), National bank, Geography, Private capital, Economy, Political Science and International Relations, Mergers and acquisitions, Institution, Asset (economics), media_common
Abstract: This paper traces the role of the National Bank of Economic and Social Development ―BNDES― at two distinct moments in Brazil’s economic development trajectory. The first corresponds to the implementing of economic policies based on developmental ideals, when the Bank establishes itself as a funding institution and long-term credit offerer, thus becoming the main financer of State-coordinated infrastructure and industrial sectors of the Brazilian economy. The second one, when the Bank, following liberal inspired economic policy strategies which guide governmental actions, redirects its efforts towards establishing itself as the coordinator and financer of the Brazilian asset restructure by means of mergers and acquisitions promoted by privatizations. The ownership change, more than just a change in control from state-owned to private capital, also leads to a productive diversification of industrial groups, thus, empowering the production of commodities and the civil construction sector. In such scenario, the Bank redefines its relationships with national and foreign private capital, and its presence within South America as a financer of Brazilian exports.
Published: 2014
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33. O BANCO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO E SOCIAL (BNDES) E A EXPANSÃO DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL PARA A AMÉRICA DO SUL

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2016
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34. The National Bank of Economic and Social Development on the Brazilian development strategies: from internal artuculation to expansion to Latin America

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa and Cristaldo, Rômulo Carvalho
Subjects: National Bank of Economic and Social Development, Development, South America, Funding, Brazil
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2018-03-09T20:39:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 The National Bank of Economic and Social Development on the Brazilian Develeopment strategies fron internal artuculation to expansionto Latin americA.pdf: 171586 bytes, checksum: bab97ad0244615f63a071f0c159f795f (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2018-03-20T21:00:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 The National Bank of Economic and Social Development on the Brazilian Develeopment strategies fron internal artuculation to expansionto Latin americA.pdf: 171586 bytes, checksum: bab97ad0244615f63a071f0c159f795f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T21:00:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 The National Bank of Economic and Social Development on the Brazilian Develeopment strategies fron internal artuculation to expansionto Latin americA.pdf: 171586 bytes, checksum: bab97ad0244615f63a071f0c159f795f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 This paper traces the role of the National Bank of Economic and Social Development ―BNDES― at two distinct moments in Brazil’s economic development trajectory. The first corresponds to the implementing of economic policies based on developmental ideals, when the Bank establishes itself as a funding institution and long-term credit offerer, thus becoming the main financer of State-coordinated infrastructure and industrial sectors of the Brazilian economy. The second one, when the Bank, following liberal inspired economic policy strategies which guide governmental actions, redirects its efforts towards establishing itself as the coordinator and financer of the Brazilian asset restructure by means of mergers and acquisitions promoted by privatizations. The ownership change, more than just a change in control from state-owned to private capital, also leads to a productive diversification of industrial groups, thus, empowering the production of commodities and the civil construction sector. In such scenario, the Bank redefines its relationships with national and foreign private capital, and its presence within South America as a financer of Brazilian exports.
Published: 2013
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35. Astrolabio

Author: Elga Lessa de Almeida and Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: solidaridad, Discurso, Cooperación Sur-Sur, Intereses, lcsh:H1-99, lcsh:Social sciences (General), Crisis económica
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2018-03-09T20:24:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2018-03-20T21:14:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T21:14:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 Este trabajo analiza el discurso de la cooperación técnica brasileña para la promoción del desarrollo en los países africanos, relacionándolo con el aumento significativo de las inversiones en las empresas brasileñas en el continente. La estabilidad política, junto con el éxito de la economía brasileña, ha favorecido una participación más activa en la coordinación de la política mundial y el aumento de la cooperación con los países de Sudamérica, pero sobre todo en países africanos como Mozambique. Los países africanos se han convertido en importantes receptores de la cooperación técnica en el marco del discurso de la solidaridad internacional y la necesidad de compensación de la deuda histórica. Sin embargo, si este discurso se propaga a la desvinculación de los intereses económicos en un momento de crisis económica mundial, es imprescindible reflexionar sobre las limitaciones del discurso desinteresado. En este sentido, a partir de la documentación producida por la diplomacia brasileña y las posiciones de Brasil y Mozambique en la escena internacional, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el discurso brasileño, especialmente en Mozambique, en contra de la lógica capitalista de producción impregnada de un escenario de crisis internacional. Buenos Aires
Published: 2013

36. Astrolabio

Author: Almeida, Elga Lessa de and Kraychete, Elsa Sousa
Subjects: solidaridad, Discurso, Cooperación Sur-Sur, Intereses, Crisis económica
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2018-03-09T20:24:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2018-03-20T21:14:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T21:14:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 O discurso brasileiro para a cooperação em Moçambique existe ajuda desinteressada.pdf: 1770467 bytes, checksum: 937c3569fa8bc29ea192790061353b16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 Este trabajo analiza el discurso de la cooperación técnica brasileña para la promoción del desarrollo en los países africanos, relacionándolo con el aumento significativo de las inversiones en las empresas brasileñas en el continente. La estabilidad política, junto con el éxito de la economía brasileña, ha favorecido una participación más activa en la coordinación de la política mundial y el aumento de la cooperación con los países de Sudamérica, pero sobre todo en países africanos como Mozambique. Los países africanos se han convertido en importantes receptores de la cooperación técnica en el marco del discurso de la solidaridad internacional y la necesidad de compensación de la deuda histórica. Sin embargo, si este discurso se propaga a la desvinculación de los intereses económicos en un momento de crisis económica mundial, es imprescindible reflexionar sobre las limitaciones del discurso desinteresado. En este sentido, a partir de la documentación producida por la diplomacia brasileña y las posiciones de Brasil y Mozambique en la escena internacional, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el discurso brasileño, especialmente en Mozambique, en contra de la lógica capitalista de producción impregnada de un escenario de crisis internacional. Buenos Aires
Published: 2013

37. A location problem in the field of wind energy

Author: José C. Matos, ClÁ¡udio Alves, Miguel S. Marques, Elsa Sousa, and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: Decision support system, Engineering, Operations research, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, wind energy, Asset management, Simulation, Wind exposure, Energy, 021103 operations research, Forcing (recursion theory), Wind power, facilities location, business.industry, Fossil fuel, methodology, Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática [Engenharia e Tecnologia], Renewable energy, 13. Climate action, Control and Systems Engineering, Sustainability, business, decision support systems, Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática, operations research
Abstract: In the context of planet sustainability, the renewable sources of energy and especially wind have been a good alternative to fossil fuels, since they are both inexhaustible and clean. Though already established and proven, wind energy needs to be competitive forcing to further optimise its use both in terms of technologic development as in asset management. This paper presents a new methodology and results concerning a problem that arises in the planning of wind farms: the location of meteorological masts for performance analysis. The masts monitor wind conditions and are used to perform a specific set of tests. The optimal location of these masts allows the maximisation of the dominant wind exposure and the minimisation of the number of disturbed sectors. The SADLEMPE decision support system has been developed recently to address this problem. Here, we present new results provided by this application for a real case study., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2016
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38. Systemic sclerosis, a rare case

Author: Elsa, Sousa, Paula, Valente, and Mafalda, Santos
Subjects: Adult, Scleroderma, Systemic, Humans, Female
Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (SS) is a rare severe autoimmune disease involving the connective tissue. The pathophysiology is not clearly understood. It is characterized by a remarkable clinical heterogeneity, and virtually all organs can be affected. Concerning diagnosis, the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) can be found in more than 90% of patients, but the diagnosis is made gathering clinical manifestations, autoimmune panel, nailfold capillaroscopy and in some cases biopsy of the organ involved. The disease course is also weakly understood, although some serological patterns can be distinguished. Current therapeutic options target few aspects of pathologic mechanism and clinical management remains a challenge.The authors presented a rare case of a SS ANA negative, which demonstrates the diagnostic challenge of this disease.
Published: 2012

39. Portuguese guidelines for the use of biological agents in rheumatoid arthritis - October 2011 update

Author: João Eurico, Fonseca, Miguel, Bernardes, Helena, Canhão, Maria José, Santos, Alberto, Quintal, Armando, Malcata, Adriano, Neto, Ana, Cordeiro, Ana, Rodrigues, Ana Filipa, Mourão, Ana Sofia, Ribeiro, Ana Rita, Cravo, Anabela, Barcelos, Anabela, Cardoso, António, Vilar, Arecili, Braña, Augusto, Faustino, Candida, Silva, Cátia, Duarte, Domingos, Araújo, Dolores, Nour, Elsa, Sousa, Eugénia, Simões, Fátima, Godinho, Filipe, Brandão, Francisco, Ventura, Graça, Sequeira, Guilherme, Figueiredo, Inês, Cunha, J Alves, Matos, Jaime, Branco, João, Ramos, José António, Costa, José António, Gomes, José, Pinto, José Canas, Silva, J A, Silva, José Vaz, Patto, Lúcia, Costa, Luís Cunha, Miranda, Luís, Inês, Luís Maurício, Santos, Margarida, Cruz, Maria João, Salvador, Maria Júlia, Ferreira, Maria, Rial, Mário Viana, Queiroz, Mónica, Bogas, Paula, Araújo, Paulo, Reis, Pedro, Abreu, Pedro, Machado, Patrícia, Pinto, Rui, André, Rui, Melo, Sandra, Garcês, Sara, Cortes, Sérgio, Alcino, Sofia, Ramiro, and Susana, Capela
Subjects: Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Biological Products, Portugal, Humans
Abstract: The authors present the revised version of the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology (SPR) guidelines for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) with biological therapies. In these guidelines the criteria for introduction and maintenance of biological agents are discussed as well as the contraindications and procedures in the case of nonresponders. Biological treatment (with a tumour necrosis factor antagonist, abatacept or tocilizumab) should be considered in RA patients with a disease activity score 28 (DAS 28) equal to or greater than 3.2 despite treatment with at least 20mg-weekly-dose of methotrexate (MTX) for at least 3 months or, if such treatment is not possible, after 3 months of other conventional disease modifying drug or combination therapy. A DAS 28 score between 2.6 and 3.2 with a significant functional or radiological deterioration under treatment with conventional regimens could also constitute an indication for biological treatment. The treatment goal should be remission or, if that is not achievable, at least a low disease activity, defined by a DAS28 lower than 3.2, without significative functional or radiological worsening. The response criteria, at the end of the first 3 months of treatment, are a decrease of at least 0.6 in the DAS28 score. After 6 months of treatment response criteria is defined as a decrease greater than 1.2 in the DAS28 score. Non-responders, in accordance to the Rheumatologist’s clinical opinion, should try a switch to another biological agent (tumour necrosis factor antagonist, abatacept, rituximab or tocilizumab).
Published: 2012

40. Alterations on peripheral blood B-cell subpopulations in very early arthritis patients

Author: Luis Graca, João Eurico Fonseca, Joana Caetano-Lopes, Elsa Sousa, Helena Canhão, Patrícia Aparecida Pimenta Pereira, Rita A Moura, Ana Filipa Mourão, Queiroz Mv, Ana M. Rodrigues, M. Margarida Souto-Carneiro, Pamela Weinmann, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, B-Lymphocyte Subsets, Arthritis, Autoimmunity, medicine.disease_cause, Young Adult, Rheumatology, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Corticosteroids, Pharmacology (medical), Lymphocyte Count, Rheumatoid arthritis, B cell, Aged, B cells, Blood Cells, business.industry, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, medicine.disease, Peripheral blood, medicine.anatomical_structure, Methotrexate, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, Female, Polyarthritis, business, Early arthritis
Abstract: ©The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved., Objective. To characterize circulating B-cell subpopulations of arthritis patients with, This work was supported by a grant from Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia/Schering- Plough 2005. R.A.M. was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) SFRH/BD/30247/2006, and M.M.S.-C. by Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship LIF-025885 and a EULAR Young Investigator Award.
Published: 2010

41. [Practical guide for the use of biotechnological therapies in rheumatoid arthritis]

Author: João Eurico, Fonseca, J A Canas, Silva, Helena, Canhão, Maria José, Santos, Anabela, Barcelos, Luis, Inês, Maria Lucia, Costa, Mário, Rodrigues, Alexandra, Bernardo, Ana, Cordeiro, Ana Rita, Cravo, Ana, Ribeiro, Ana, Teixeira, Armando, Malcata, Augusto, Faustino, Célia, Ribeiro, Dolores, Nour, Domingos, Araújo, Elsa, Sousa, Eva, Mariz, Filipa, Ramos, Filipe, Vinagre, Francisco Simões, Ventura, Graça, Sequeira, Helena, Santos, Jaime Cunha, Branco, João, Ramos, Jorge Espírito, Santo, José António, Costa, J A Pereira, da Silva, Luis, Miranda, Luzia, Sampaio, Maria Carmo, Afonso, Maria João, Saavedra, Maria Inês, Cunha, Mário Viana, Queiroz, Maura, Couto, Patrícia, Pinto, Paula, Valente, Pedro, Abreu, Ricardo Ornelas, Figueira, Sofia, Ramiro, Teresa, Nóvoa, and Miguel, Bernardes
Subjects: Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Biological Therapy, Humans, Biotechnology
Published: 2009

42. Caderno CRH

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa
Subjects: Bancos, Bahia, Território, Desenvolvimento, Crédito
Abstract: p. 77-96 Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-09-30T13:46:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 0103-49792009000100005.pdf: 209822 bytes, checksum: b1b8b52e4ac0ba2d1b85d3bef4fc10bb (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-10-09T19:40:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 0103-49792009000100005.pdf: 209822 bytes, checksum: b1b8b52e4ac0ba2d1b85d3bef4fc10bb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-09T19:40:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 0103-49792009000100005.pdf: 209822 bytes, checksum: b1b8b52e4ac0ba2d1b85d3bef4fc10bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 A partir da distribuição espacial das agências bancárias e indicadores de depósitos e créditos, o artigo apresenta a geografia financeira do estado da Bahia em 2005. Para fundamentar a leitura dos dados, recupera-se a trajetória recente da economia baiana, destacando-se, em seguida, o papel dos bancos e o aporte do crédito como fundamentais para o desenvolvimento regional. Por fim, com base em dados do Banco Central, apresenta-se a posição relativa da Bahia frente às principais praças bancárias brasileiras, a rede de agências, a cobertura do território baiano por agências bancárias, a distribuição espacial dos estoques médios de depósitos e créditos e a hierarquização financeira das principais praças. Dessa forma, o artigo busca estabelecer os nexos entre a dinâmica financeira regional e a reespacialização dessas atividades, associadas à natureza dos ciclos de acumulação da economia.
Published: 2009
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43. A geografia financeira do estado da Bahia: 1995 – 2004

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Published: 2009
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44. DESENVOLVIMENTO: razões e limites do discurso do Banco Mundial

Author: Elsa Sousa Kraychete
Subjects: Cultural Studies, Sociology and Political Science, Political science, Humanities
Abstract: O artigo realiza uma leitura critica do discurso do Banco Mundial, que ao redefinir suas estrategias, alicerca nova concepcao de desenvolvimento e de politicas de minoracao da pobreza, norteia acoes de governos nacionais, em especial, aqueles de paises da periferia capitalista. Com base em documentos desta instituicao, recuperam-se as principais diretrizes em dois momentos historicos: primeiro, o correspondente aos anos 1970 e 1980, quando se verificam inflexoes nas diretrizes desenvolvimentistas centradas na nocao de progresso; e, segundo, o firmado no decorrer da decada dos 90, articulado na busca de consenso em torno de uma nova institucionalidade, construida a partir da redefinicao do papel do mercado e do Estado. O objetivo central do artigo e apresentar os elementos definidores e os limites da nova configuracao teorica do desenvolvimento, na qual o combate a pobreza aparece como questao central. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: economia internacional, Banco Mundial, globalizacao, desenvolvimento, pobreza. DEVELOPMENT: reasons and limits of the World Bank speech Elsa Sousa Kraychete This paper makes a critical reading of the World Bank speech that, by redefining its strategies, defines new development conceptions and of policies of poverty minoration that will orientate national underdeveloped countries governments’ actions. Based in documents of this institution, the main guidelines in two historical moments are recovered: first, the one corresponding to the years 1970 and 1980, when inflections are verified in the developmentist guidelines centered in the notion of progress; and, second, the ones during the 90s decade, articulated on the search of a consensus around a new institucionality, built on the redefinition of the role of the market and of the State. The main objective of this paper is to present the defining elements and the limits of the new theoretical configuration of development, in which poverty combat appears as a central subject. KEYWORDS: international economy, World Bank, globalization, development, poverty. DEVELOPPEMENT: raisons et limites du discours de la banque mondiale Elsa Sousa Kraychete Cet article presente une lecture critique du discours de la Banque Mondiale qui, en redefinissant ses strategies, etablit une nouvelle conception de developpement et de politiques de reduction de la pauvrete qui vont conduire les actions des gouvernements nationaux et tout specialement ceux des pays de la peripherie capitaliste. A partir des documents de cette institution, on a pu s’en remettre aux principales directives correspondant a deux moments historiques. En premier lieu, celui qui correspond aux annees 1970 et 1980 ou l’on peut verifier des inflexions dans les directives de developpement centrees sur la notion de progres, et en deuxieme lieu, celui consolide au cours de la decennie des annees 90, articule dans la recherche de consensus a propos d’une nouvelle institutionnalisation construite a partir de la redefinition du role du marche et de l’Etat. L’objectif central de l’article est de presenter les elements de definition ainsi que les limites de la nouvelle configuration theorique du developpement dans laquelle le combat contre la pauvrete apparait comme question centrale. MOTS-CLES: economie inter-nationale, Banque Mondiale, globalisation, developpement, pauvrete. Publicacao Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
Published: 2007
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45. O Banco Mundial e o desenvolvimento das microfinanças em países da periferia capitalista

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, Santos, Nelson de Oliveira, Freitas, Antônio Fernando Guerreiro Moreira de, Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira, França Filho, Genauto Carvalho de, and Araújo, José Bezerra de
Subjects: Microfinanças, Microcrédito, Desenvolvimento, Banco Mundial
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2017-11-13T19:12:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ELSA SOUSA KRAYCHETE.pdf: 717332 bytes, checksum: 3ae8e5d5b4c59fcad82532a3c19df32c (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2017-11-16T17:26:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ELSA SOUSA KRAYCHETE.pdf: 717332 bytes, checksum: 3ae8e5d5b4c59fcad82532a3c19df32c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-16T17:26:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ELSA SOUSA KRAYCHETE.pdf: 717332 bytes, checksum: 3ae8e5d5b4c59fcad82532a3c19df32c (MD5) Esta tese discute a proposição do Banco Mundial de constituir um mercado orientado para as microfinanças como um dos elos entre o propósito de minorar a pobreza e um novo modelo de desenvolvimento. Tal problemática conforma-se como política sustentada nos princípios da justiça como eqüidade e na eleição do indivíduo como sujeito de crédito, em ambiente promovido pelo empreendedorismo competitivo. Ressalta-se, nesse sentido, que a constituição de um mercado microfinanceiro é parte do modelo que se vem procurando firmar a partir da administração da pobreza, seja pela filantropia seja pelo mercado, e resulta em negação do estatuto da cidadania, que propugna por direitos universais. Explicita-se, ainda, que o liberalismo social, que sustenta o discurso da instituição sobre a pobreza, deixa de considerar categorias como classe social, trabalho, exploração, contradição, desigualdades e propriedade privada, como questões que estão nas raízes da definição da pobreza no sistema capitalista. Percorre-se a trajetória seguida pelo Banco entre a crítica ao desenvolvimentismo e a tentativa de conceber um novo modelo de desenvolvimento que atenda as novas demandas de reprodução do capital. Nesse percurso, revela-se que o mercado microfinanceiro é construção partilhada, entre Organizações da Cooperação Internacional, articulada a partir dos Estados dos países centrais e Organizações Internacionais Privadas e que a oferta de serviços microfinanceiros cresce baseada nas orientações caracterizadas por procedimentos tipicamente comerciais.
Published: 2005

46. As organizações de cooperação internacional, a redefinição de desenvolvimento e pobreza e as microfinanças

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa
Subjects: Microfinanças, Organizações da cooperação internacional, Desenvolvimento e pobreza
Abstract: Submitted by Núcleo de Pós-Graduação Administração (npgadm@ufba.br) on 2018-03-12T18:20:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 As Organizações de Cooperação Internacional, a redefinição de Desenvolvimento e Pobreza e as Microfinanças.pdf: 105410 bytes, checksum: da9f09d016515ac1f56e471ba2dea15b (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2018-03-20T21:01:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 As Organizações de Cooperação Internacional, a redefinição de Desenvolvimento e Pobreza e as Microfinanças.pdf: 105410 bytes, checksum: da9f09d016515ac1f56e471ba2dea15b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T21:01:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 As Organizações de Cooperação Internacional, a redefinição de Desenvolvimento e Pobreza e as Microfinanças.pdf: 105410 bytes, checksum: da9f09d016515ac1f56e471ba2dea15b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 Este texto recupera a trajetória seguida por organizações da cooperação internacional, que, com base na doutrina liberal, redefine as noções de desenvolvimento e pobreza e propõe a instituição de um mercado especializado em microfinanças, voltado para atender à demanda advinda dos excluídos do mercado oficial de crédito. Percorre as principais idéias que sustentam o discurso de tais organizações e registra a ausência de reflexões que considerem a pobreza integrada em relações sociais as quais contemplem a produção e circulação de mercadorias e do crédito na sociedade capitalista. São Paulo
Published: 2005

47. Seasonal variability of ozone dry deposition under southern European climate conditions, in Portugal

Author: Casimiro Pio, Manuel Feliciano, Alex Vermeulen, and Elsa Sousa
Subjects: Canopy, Atmospheric Science, Daytime, Ozone, Diurnal temperature variation, Flux, Seasonality, Noon, medicine.disease, Ozone dry deposition, Diurnal variation, Parameterisation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stomatal resistance, Deposition (aerosol physics), chemistry, Climatology, Surface resistance, medicine, Environmental science, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Ozone dry deposition measurements were carried out during approximately one year over a flat grass field in Portugal. The results show prominent diurnal and seasonal patterns in deposition flux, dry deposition velocity and surface resistance, especially for the daytime period. Dry deposition velocities vary diurnally from a minimum of 0.1 cm s-1, during the night to a maximum of 0.2-0.5 cm s-1 during the day. The observed canopy resistance (Rc) varies from values higher than 500 s m-1, at night, to a minimum of 200 s m-1, around noon. Seasonal variation is characterised by daytime Rc values much larger in summer than in winter and spring, while nighttime values do not show any evident seasonal pattern. This behaviour can be ascribed to the stomatal intake, which represents the most important controlling factor on ozone dry deposition. The Wesely parameterisation scheme of surface resistance predicts Rc diurnal cycles reasonably well. However, the observed canopy resistance seasonal cycle is completely different from Wesely predictions, since season parameters in Wesely's parameterisation were defined for a vegetation growing cycle different from that prevailing in our conditions. We gratefully acknowledge the European Commission and the Junta Nacional de Investigac7a8o Cienti"ca, for "nancial support through the projects EV5V-CT93-316 and PRAXIS/3/3.2/AMB/38/94, respectively. We also wish to thank the Instituto de Estruturas Agra& rias e Desenvolvimento Rural who permitted the measurements at the `Polder Pilotoa of Sarrazola and all research groups who participated in the SREMP Project.
Published: 2000

48. O DISCURSO BRASILEIRO PARA A COOPERAÇÃO EM MOÇAMBIQUE: EXISTE AJUDA DESINTERESSADA?

Author: De Almeida, Elga Lessa, primary and Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, additional
Published: 2013
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49. Desenvolvimento e cooperação internacional

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2012
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50. O lugar das organizações não governamentais no entrecruzamento entre as noções de desenvolvimento e cooperação internacional

Author: Kraychete, Elsa Sousa, primary
Published: 2012
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