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1. exo-FISH: Protocol for detecting DNA breaks in repetitive regions of mammalian genomes

Author

Xanita Saayman, Emily Graham, Chin Wei Brian Leung, and Fumiko Esashi

Subjects
Cell Biology, Single Cell, Microscopy, Molecular Biology, In Situ Hybridization, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Summary: Detecting DNA breaks in defined regions of the genome is critical to advancing our understanding of genome stability maintenance. Here, we present exo-FISH, a protocol to label exposed single-stranded DNA in defined repetitive regions of mammalian genomes by combining in vitro restriction enzyme digestion on fixed cells with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We describe steps for cell harvesting and fixation, slide treatments, and FISH probe hybridization. We then detail procedures for imaging and analysis.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Saayman et al. (2023).1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics. more...

Published
2023
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3. ERCC6L2 mitigates replication stress and promotes centromere stability

Author

Christopher J. Carnie, Lucy Armstrong, Marek Sebesta, Antonio Ariza, Xiaomeng Wang, Emily Graham, Kang Zhu, and Dragana Ahel

Subjects
CP: Molecular biology, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Summary: Structurally complex genomic regions, such as centromeres, are inherently difficult to duplicate. The mechanism behind centromere inheritance is not well understood, and one of the key questions relates to the reassembly of centromeric chromatin following DNA replication. Here, we define ERCC6L2 as a key regulator of this process. ERCC6L2 accumulates at centromeres and promotes deposition of core centromeric factors. Interestingly, ERCC6L2−/− cells show unrestrained replication of centromeric DNA, likely caused by the erosion of centromeric chromatin. Beyond centromeres, ERCC6L2 facilitates replication at genomic repeats and non-canonical DNA structures. Notably, ERCC6L2 interacts with the DNA-clamp PCNA through an atypical peptide, presented here in a co-crystal structure. Finally, ERCC6L2 also restricts DNA end resection, acting independently of the 53BP1-REV7-Shieldin complex. We propose a mechanistic model, which reconciles seemingly distinct functions of ERCC6L2 in DNA repair and DNA replication. These findings provide a molecular context for studies linking ERCC6L2 to human disease. more...

Published
2023
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4. The RAD51 recombinase protects mitotic chromatin in human cells

Author

Isabel E. Wassing, Emily Graham, Xanita Saayman, Lucia Rampazzo, Christine Ralf, Andrew Bassett, and Fumiko Esashi

Subjects
Science
Abstract

RAD51 is a well known player of DNA repair and homologous recombination. Here the authors reveal a function for RAD51 in protecting under-replicated DNA in mitotic human cells, promoting mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) and successful chromosome segregation. more...

Published
2021
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5. Tocilizumab in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 pneumonia: Efficacy, safety, viral clearance, and antibody response from a randomised controlled trial (COVACTA)

Author

Ivan O. Rosas, Norbert Bräu, Michael Waters, Ronaldo C. Go, Atul Malhotra, Bradley D. Hunter, Sanjay Bhagani, Daniel Skiest, Sinisa Savic, Ivor S. Douglas, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Mariam S. Aziz, Nichola Cooper, Taryn Youngstein, Lorenzo Del Sorbo, David J. De La Zerda, Andrew Ustianowski, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, Kevin G. Blyth, Jordi Carratalà, Bruno François, Thomas Benfield, Derrick Haslem, Paolo Bonfanti, Cor H. van der Leest, Nidhi Rohatgi, Lothar Wiese, Charles Edouard Luyt, Rebecca N. Bauer, Fang Cai, Ivan T. Lee, Balpreet Matharu, Louis Metcalf, Steffen Wildum, Emily Graham, Larry Tsai, and Min Bao more...

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019, Interleukin-6, Randomised controlled trial, Tocilizumab, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, Viral load, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: In COVACTA, a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), tocilizumab did not improve 28-day mortality, but shortened hospital and intensive care unit stay. Longer-term effects of tocilizumab in patients with COVID-19 are unknown. Therefore, the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in COVID-19 beyond day 28 and its impact on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) clearance and antibody response in COVACTA were investigated. Methods: Adults in Europe and North America hospitalised with COVID-19 (N = 452) between April 3, 2020 and May 28, 2020 were randomly assigned (2:1) to double-blind intravenous tocilizumab or placebo and assessed for efficacy and safety through day 60. Assessments included mortality, time to hospital discharge, SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal swab and serum samples, and neutralising anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04320615. Findings: By day 60, 24·5% (72/294) of patients in the tocilizumab arm and 25·0% (36/144) in the placebo arm died (weighted difference –0·5% [95% CI –9·1 to 8·0]), and 67·0% (197/294) in the tocilizumab arm and 63·9% (92/144) in the placebo arm were discharged from the hospital. Serious infections occurred in 24·1% (71/295) of patients in the tocilizumab arm and 29·4% (42/143) in the placebo arm. Median time to negative reverse transcriptase–quantitative polymerase chain reaction result in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples was 15·0 days (95% CI 14·0 to 21·0) in the tocilizumab arm and 21·0 days (95% CI 14·0 to 28·0) in the placebo arm. All tested patients had positive test results for neutralising anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at day 60. Interpretation: There was no mortality benefit with tocilizumab through day 60. Tocilizumab did not impair viral clearance or host immune response, and no new safety signals were observed. Future investigations may explore potential biomarkers to optimize patient selection for tocilizumab treatment and combination therapy with other treatments. Funding: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and the US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, under OT number HHSO100201800036C. more...

Published
2022
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6. The Ethnographer Unbared: Honoring Hatred in Uncomfortable Terrains

Author

Emily Graham

Subjects
emotions, ethnography, fieldwork, post-conflict, hate, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Despite researcher emotions often being considered off-limits, here I position my own emotions as central to reaching deeper ethnographic understanding. I suggest the importance of researcher emotions for grappling with the messy reality of living in the field, and for reflecting on ethnographic experiences long after fieldwork is completed. I question what responsibilities researchers might have towards respecting our own emotions as ethnographic data. In particular, I consider the emotion of disgust in myself as a researcher. Why do ethnographers avoid engaging with feelings of disgust, and why are aversion and hatred so hard to even name? Is hate something that ethnographers can come to honor? I use the telling of three stories to shed light on researcher-researched relationships in uncomfortable terrains. I write about Vinith, a participant who I hated, but it is about me even more than it is about Vinith—it is about the intersection between us, and my own struggle to present him authentically, as someone who I consider both detestable and all too human. It is about the journey I took in coming to honor my relationship with Vinith, not in spite of, but because of, the strength of my emotions towards him. more...

Published
2022
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7. Congenital Amniotic Constriction Band of the Pelvis: First Reported Case and Proposed Classification Criterion

Author

Emily Graham, BSN, Jared W. Garlick, MD, and Dana Johns, MD

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Summary:. Congenital amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a complex disorder characterized by a spectrum of rare congenital anomalies, with constriction bands as their hallmark manifestation. Constriction bands about the thorax, abdomen, or pelvis are rare. There is no consensus in the classification criterion for constriction bands of the thorax, abdomen, or pelvis in the literature. We present the first true pelvic constriction band in a newborn female with ABS. This case adds valuable information to the literature on ABS. The authors propose a classification criterion to further classify constriction bands of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis using accepted and reliable anatomical landmarks. more...

Published
2019
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8. Sulfites inhibit the growth of four species of beneficial gut bacteria at concentrations regarded as safe for food.

Author

Sally V Irwin, Peter Fisher, Emily Graham, Ashley Malek, and Adriel Robidoux

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Sulfites and other preservatives are considered food additives to limit bacterial contamination, and are generally regarded as safe for consumption by governmental regulatory agencies at concentrations up to 5000 parts per million (ppm). Consumption of bactericidal and bacteriostatic drugs have been shown to damage beneficial bacteria in the human gut and this damage has been associated with several diseases. In the present study, bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of two common food preservatives, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite, were tested on four known beneficial bacterial species common as probiotics and members of the human gut microbiota. Lactobacillus species casei, plantarum and rhamnosus, and Streptococcus thermophilus were grown under optimal environmental conditions to achieve early log phase at start of experiments. Bacterial cultures were challenged with sulfite concentrations ranging between 10 and 3780 ppm for six hours. To establish a control, a culture of each species was inoculated into media containing no sulfite preservative. By two hours of exposure, a substantial decrease (or no increase) of cell numbers (based on OD600 readings) were observed for all bacteria types, in concentrations of sulfites between 250-500 ppm, compared to cells in sulfite free media. Further testing using serial dilution and drop plates identified bactericidal effects in concentrations ranging between 1000-3780 ppm on all the Lactobacillus species by 4 hours of exposure and bactericidal effects on S. thermophilus in 2000ppm NaHSO3 after 6 hours of exposure. more...

Published
2017
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9. RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Amanda J. Compadre, Lillian N. van Biljon, Mark C. Valentine, Alba Llop-Guevara, Emily Graham, Bisiayo Fashemi, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Emilee N. Kotnik, Isaac Cooper, Shariska P. Harrington, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Carolyn K. McCourt, Andrea R. Hagemann, Premal H. Thaker, David G. Mutch, Matthew A. Powell, Lulu Sun, Nima Mosammaparast, Violeta Serra, Peinan Zhao, Elena Lomonosova, Dineo Khabele, and Mary M. Mullen more...

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology
Abstract

Purpose: To determine the ability of RAD51 foci to predict platinum chemotherapy response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patient-derived samples. Experimental Design: RAD51 and γH2AX nuclear foci were evaluated by immunofluorescence in HGSOC patient-derived cell lines (n = 5), organoids (n = 11), and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples (discovery n = 31, validation n = 148). Samples were defined as RAD51-High if >10% of geminin-positive cells had ≥5 RAD51 foci. Associations between RAD51 scores, platinum chemotherapy response, and survival were evaluated. Results: RAD51 scores correlated with in vitro response to platinum chemotherapy in established and primary ovarian cancer cell lines (Pearson r = 0.96, P = 0.01). Organoids from platinum-nonresponsive tumors had significantly higher RAD51 scores than those from platinum-responsive tumors (P < 0.001). In a discovery cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to have a pathologic complete response (RR, 5.28; P < 0.001) and to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P = 0.05). The RAD51 score was predictive of chemotherapy response score [AUC, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78–1.0; P < 0.001). A novel automatic quantification system accurately reflected the manual assay (92%). In a validation cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P < 0.001) than RAD51-High tumors. Moreover, RAD51-Low status predicted platinum sensitivity with 100% positive predictive value and was associated with better progression-free (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33–0.85; P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75; P = 0.003) than RAD51-High status. Conclusions: RAD51 foci are a robust marker of platinum chemotherapy response and survival in ovarian cancer. The utility of RAD51 foci as a predictive biomarker for HGSOC should be tested in clinical trials. more...

Published
2023
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10. Updating the probability of study success for combination therapies using related combination study data

Author

Emily Graham, Chris Harbron, Thomas Jaki, Graham, Emily [0000-0002-6847-9869], Jaki, Thomas [0000-0002-1096-188X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, clinical trials, Health Information Management, assurance, Epidemiology, probability of success, Bayes Theorem, Combination therapies, Bayesian, Probability
Abstract

Combination therapies are becoming increasingly used in a range of therapeutic areas such as oncology and infectious diseases, providing potential benefits such as minimising drug resistance and toxicity. Sets of combination studies may be related, for example, if they have at least one treatment in common and are used in the same indication. In this setting, value can be gained by sharing information between related combination studies. We present a framework that allows the study success probabilities of a set of related combination therapies to be updated based on the outcome of a single combination study. This allows us to incorporate both direct and indirect data on a combination therapy in the decision-making process for future studies. We also provide a robustification that accounts for the fact that the prior assumptions on the correlation structure of the set of combination therapies may be incorrect. We show how this framework can be used in practice and highlight the use of the study success probabilities in the planning of clinical studies. more...

Published
2023
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11. Supplementary Table 2 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Patient characteristics of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells

Published
2023
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12. Supplementary Figure S3 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

RAD51 expression and platinum chemotherapy response in vitro and in patient tumors

Published
2023
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13. Supplementary Table 3 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Patient characteristics of patient-derived ovarian cancer organoids

Published
2023
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14. Supplementary Table 4 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Patient characteristics of FFPE discovery cohort

Published
2023
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15. Supplementary Table 1 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Summary of Antibodies

Published
2023
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16. Data from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Purpose:To determine the ability of RAD51 foci to predict platinum chemotherapy response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patient-derived samples.Experimental Design:RAD51 and γH2AX nuclear foci were evaluated by immunofluorescence in HGSOC patient-derived cell lines (n = 5), organoids (n = 11), and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples (discovery n = 31, validation n = 148). Samples were defined as RAD51-High if >10% of geminin-positive cells had ≥5 RAD51 foci. Associations between RAD51 scores, platinum chemotherapy response, and survival were evaluated.Results:RAD51 scores correlated with in vitro response to platinum chemotherapy in established and primary ovarian cancer cell lines (Pearson r = 0.96, P = 0.01). Organoids from platinum-nonresponsive tumors had significantly higher RAD51 scores than those from platinum-responsive tumors (P < 0.001). In a discovery cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to have a pathologic complete response (RR, 5.28; P < 0.001) and to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P = 0.05). The RAD51 score was predictive of chemotherapy response score [AUC, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78–1.0; P < 0.001). A novel automatic quantification system accurately reflected the manual assay (92%). In a validation cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P < 0.001) than RAD51-High tumors. Moreover, RAD51-Low status predicted platinum sensitivity with 100% positive predictive value and was associated with better progression-free (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33–0.85; P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75; P = 0.003) than RAD51-High status.Conclusions:RAD51 foci are a robust marker of platinum chemotherapy response and survival in ovarian cancer. The utility of RAD51 foci as a predictive biomarker for HGSOC should be tested in clinical trials. more...

Published
2023
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17. Supplementary Table 5 from RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Mary M. Mullen, Dineo Khabele, Elena Lomonosova, Peinan Zhao, Violeta Serra, Nima Mosammaparast, Lulu Sun, Matthew A. Powell, David G. Mutch, Premal H. Thaker, Andrea R. Hagemann, Carolyn K. McCourt, Lindsay M. Kuroki L, Shariska P. Harrington, Isaac Cooper, Emilee N. Kotnik, Andrea Herencia-Ropero, Bisiayo Fashemi, Emily Graham, Alba Llop-Guevara, Mark C. Valentine, Lillian N. van Biljon, and Amanda J. Compadre more...

Abstract

Patient characteristics of FFPE validation cohort

Published
2023
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19. Implications of microbial community assembly for ecosystem restoration: patterns, process, and potential

Author

Emily Graham and Joseph Knelman

Abstract

While it is now widely accepted that microorganisms provide essential functions in restoration ecology, the nature of relationships between microbial community assembly and ecosystem recovery remain unclear. There has been a longstanding challenge to decipher whether microorganisms facilitate or simply follow ecosystem recovery, and evidence for each is mixed at best. We propose that understanding microbial community assembly processes during ecosystem restoration is critical to optimizing management strategies. We examine how the connection between environment, community structure, and function is fundamentally underpinned by the processes governing community assembly of these microbial communities. We review important factors to consider in evaluating microbial community structure in the context of ecosystem recovery as revealed in studies of microbial succession: 1) variation in community assembly processes, 2) measurable microbial community attributes, and 3) linkages to ecosystem function. We seek to empower restoration ecology with microbial assembly and successional understandings that can generate actionable insights and vital contexts for ecosystem restoration efforts. more...

Published
2022
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21. An Ulcerating Perineal Rash in an 8-month-old Girl

Author

Nisha Ganesh, Rena Kasick, and Emily Graham

Subjects
Abdominal pain, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, Erythema, business.industry, Infant, Physical examination, Emergency department, Exanthema, Perineum, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Diarrhea, Otitis, Diaper rash, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Vomiting, Humans, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

1. Nisha Ganesh, MD* 2. Rena Kasick, MD*,† 3. Emily Graham, MD*,†,‡ 1. *The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 2. †Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 3. ‡The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH A previously healthy 8-month-old female presents to the emergency department (ED) with diarrhea and an unusual diaper rash. Her symptoms began 6 days prior with fever and congestion. She was initially diagnosed with a viral upper respiratory infection and bilateral otitis media and was prescribed cephalexin by her primary care physician. Two days later, she developed diarrhea and a painful diaper rash. Cephalexin was changed to cefdinir due to concern for antibiotic-induced diarrhea. After 5 days of treatment, antibiotics were discontinued. Before this presentation to the ED, she had been evaluated multiple times in the ED for worsening diaper rash and was prescribed a barrier cream, topical antifungal cream, and mupirocin ointment without improvement. Her medical history includes 1 prior episode of acute otitis media. Her immunizations are up to date. She takes no medications. She lives at home with her mother and father. There have been no known sick contacts, no recent travel, no known insect bites, and no animal exposures aside from the family’s pet dog. Her vital signs on presentation are as follows: temperature, 98.6°F (37°C); heart rate, 160 beats/min; respiratory rate, 40 breaths/min; blood pressure, 100/48 mm Hg; oxygen saturation, 95% on room air. Her parents report that she has had profuse watery diarrhea and decreased urine output, and they describe her behavior as fussy and irritable. Her review of systems is negative for vomiting, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or distension, easy bleeding or bruising, weight loss or inadequate weight gain, recurrent infections, and rashes aside from the current diaper rash. On physical examination, she has multiple large areas of ulceration and necrosis surrounded by halos of erythema in the genitourinary region (Fig 1). Her laboratory studies are significant for blood urea nitrogen of 24 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L), creatinine of 0.73 mg/dL (55.7 µmol/L), … more...

Published
2021
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22. Advancing river corridor science beyond disciplinary boundaries with an inductive approach to catalyse hypothesis generation

Author

Adam S. Ward, Aaron Packman, Susana Bernal, Nicolai Brekenfeld, Jen Drummond, Emily Graham, David M. Hannah, Megan Klaar, Stefan Krause, Marie Kurz, Angang Li, Anna Lupon, Feng Mao, M. Eugènia Martí Roca, Valerie Ouellet, Todd V. Royer, James C. Stegen, and Jay P. Zarnetske more...

Subjects
Water Science and Technology
Abstract

A unified conceptual framework for river corridors requires synthesis of diverse site-, method- and discipline-specific findings. The river research community has developed a substantial body of observations and process-specific interpretations, but we are still lacking a comprehensive model to distill this knowledge into fundamental transferable concepts. We confront the challenge of how a discipline classically organized around the deductive model of systematically collecting of site-, scale-, and mechanism-specific observations begins the process of synthesis. Machine learning is particularly well-suited to inductive generation of hypotheses. In this study, we prototype an inductive approach to holistic synthesis of river corridor observations, using support vector machine regression to identify potential couplings or feedbacks that would not necessarily arise from classical approaches. This approach generated 672 relationships linking a suite of 157 variables each measured at 62 locations in a fifth order river network. Eighty four percent of these relationships have not been previously investigated, and representing potential (hypothetical) process connections. We document relationships consistent with current understanding including hydrologic exchange processes, microbial ecology, and the River Continuum Concept, supporting that the approach can identify meaningful relationships in the data. Moreover, we highlight examples of two novel research questions that stem from interpretation of inductively-generated relationships. This study demonstrates the implementation of machine learning to sieve complex data sets and identify a small set of candidate relationships that warrant further study, including data types not commonly measured together. This structured approach complements traditional modes of inquiry, which are often limited by disciplinary perspectives and favour the careful pursuit of parsimony. Finally, we emphasize that this approach should be viewed as a complement to, rather than in place of, more traditional, deductive approaches to scientific discovery. more...

Published
2022
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23. This Article Corrects: 'Gender-based Barriers in the Advancement of Women Leaders in Emergency Medicine: A Multi-institutional Qualitative Study'

Author

Emily Graham, Meganne Ferrel, Katie Wells, Daniel Egan, Casey MacVane, Michael Gisondi, Boyd Burns, Troy Madsen, and Megan Fix

Subjects
Career Mobility, Leadership, Physicians, Women, Faculty, Medical, Health Equity, education, Emergency Medicine, Humans, Female, General Medicine, Brief Research Report, Qualitative Research
Abstract

Introduction Leadership positions occupied by women within academic emergency medicine have remained stagnant despite increasing numbers of women with faculty appointments. We distributed a multi-institutional survey to women faculty and residents to evaluate categorical characteristics contributing to success and differences between the two groups. Methods An institutional review board-approved electronic survey was distributed to women faculty and residents at eight institutions and were completed anonymously. We created survey questions to assess multiple categories: determination; resiliency; career support and obstacles; career aspiration; and gender discrimination. Most questions used a Likert five-point scale. Responses for each question and category were averaged and deemed significant if the average was greater than or equal to 4 in the affirmative, or less than or equal to 2 in the negative. We calculated proportions for binary questions. Results The overall response rate was 55.23% (95/172). The faculty response rate was 54.1% (59/109) and residents’ response rate was 57.1% (36/63). Significant levels of resiliency were reported, with a mean score of 4.02. Childbearing and rearing were not significant barriers overall but were more commonly reported as barriers for faculty over residents (P more...

Published
2022

25. Evidence for raw acoustics as the target of phonetic imitation

Author

Ivy Hauser, Emily Graham, and Xinwen Zhang

Subjects
Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Phonetic imitation (also called convergence or accommodation) occurs when talkers alter their production towards speech they hear, even in lab settings without explicit instruction to imitate. Though general evidence for imitation is robust, much of the existing work does not distinguish between convergence towards a linguistic target versus convergence towards an acoustic target. This study presents a direct test case of these hypotheses through spontaneous imitation of the English alveolar sibilant /s/ in a delayed shadowing task. Participants first produced /s/-initial words, then were exposed to model speech with either enhanced or reduced spectral mean (SM) on /s/, and finally produced /s/-initial words again post-exposure. The model talker had higher than average baseline SM, so raw acoustic values were higher than those of most participants. All participants exposed to the enhanced stimuli raised SM, converging towards both the raw acoustics of the model talker and the linguistic pattern of enhancement. However, participants exposed to the reduced stimuli also raised SM. This diverged from the linguistic pattern of reduction but converged towards the raw acoustics of the model talker, whose SM was still higher than participants' even when reduced. These results suggest raw acoustics can be the target of phonetic imitation. Possible interactions with phonological contrast, implications for the perception-production link, and methodological considerations for future imitation studies are discussed. more...

Published
2023
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26. Is a small change approach for weight management effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Henrietta Emily Graham, Claire Deborah Madigan, and Amanda Daley

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Psychological intervention, Weight Gain, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Weight gain prevention, Weight loss, Weight management, Weight Loss, Medicine, Humans, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lead (electronics), Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, business.industry, Weight change, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Diet, Meta-analysis, Physical therapy, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Energy Intake
Abstract

Traditional weight management interventions typically involve people making large changes to their energy intake and/or expenditure and can be effective in the short term, but weight regain is common. An alternative strategy is a small change approach, which asks people to make small(er) changes to their diet and/or physical activity behaviors (e.g., 100-kcal reduction or increases of 1000 steps/day). This approach may lead to sustained weight management because such energy-deficit goals are easier for people to integrate into their lives and then maintain. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials assessed the effectiveness of a small change approach for weight management; 21 trials were included. In weight gain prevention trials with adults, the mean difference in weight change between groups was -0.7 kg (95% CI -1.0 to -0.4, 95% PI -1.1 to -0.3) at program-end and -0.9 kg (95% CI -1.5 to -0.3, 95% PI -3.1 to 1.3) at last follow-up, favoring small change interventions. A small change approach was not effective for weight loss. Only 2/21 trials had a low risk of bias. Initial evidence supports the effectiveness of a small change approach for weight gain prevention but not weight loss. Further high-quality trials with longer follow-up are required. more...

Published
2021

27. Tocilizumab and remdesivir in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized clinical trial

Author

Ivan O. Rosas, Diana M. Brainard, Jordi Carratalà, Larry Tsai, Philip Robinson, Suzana Margareth Lobo, Katie Tuckwell, Nicholas Lewin-Koh, Alan P Skarbnik, Emily Graham, Bradley D. Hunter, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Adilson W. Cavalcante, George A. Diaz, Nicola A. Hanania, Ivan Gordeev, Huyen Cao, J. Scott Overcash, Robert L. Gottlieb, Julie Olsson, and Oliver Gordon more...

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, Antimetabolites, Original, Remdesivir, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Placebo, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antiviral Agents, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tocilizumab, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Multicenter trial, Medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Alanine, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, COVID-19, Pneumonia, medicine.disease, Adenosine Monophosphate, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, chemistry, business
Abstract

Purpose Trials of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia have demonstrated mixed results, and the role of tocilizumab in combination with other treatments is uncertain. Here we evaluated whether tocilizumab plus remdesivir provides greater benefit than remdesivir alone in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial included patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring > 6 L/min supplemental oxygen. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1 ratio) to receive tocilizumab 8 mg/kg or placebo intravenously plus ≤ 10 days of remdesivir. The primary outcome was time from randomization to hospital discharge or “ready for discharge” (defined as category 1, assessed by the investigator on a 7-category ordinal scale of clinical status) to day 28. Patients were followed for 60 days. Results Among 649 enrolled patients, 434 were randomly assigned to tocilizumab plus remdesivir and 215 to placebo plus remdesivir. 566 patients (88.2%) received corticosteroids during the trial to day 28. Median time from randomization to hospital discharge or “ready for discharge” was 14 (95% CI 12–15) days with tocilizumab plus remdesivir and 14 (95% CI 11–16) days with placebo plus remdesivir [log-rank P = 0.74; Cox proportional hazards ratio 0.97 (95% CI 0.78–1.19)]. Serious adverse events occurred in 128 (29.8%) tocilizumab plus remdesivir and 72 (33.8%) placebo plus remdesivir patients; 78 (18.2%) and 42 (19.7%) patients, respectively, died by day 28. Conclusions Tocilizumab plus remdesivir did not shorten time to hospital discharge or “ready for discharge” to day 28 compared with placebo plus remdesivir in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00134-021-06507-x. more...

Published
2021

28. Development and Evaluation of the High-Intensity Interval Training Self-Efficacy Questionnaire

Author

Narelle Eather, Mark R. Beauchamp, Ryan E. Rhodes, Thierno Diallo, Jordan Smith, Mary Jung, Ronald Plotnikoff, Michael Noetel, Nigel Harris, Emily Graham, and David Lubans

Abstract

This study involved the design and evaluation of the High-Intensity Interval Training Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (HIIT-SQ). Phase 1: Questionnaire items were developed. Phase 2: Australian adolescents (N = 389, 16.0 ± 0.4 years, 41.10% female) completed the HIIT-SQ, and factorial validity of the measurement model was explored. Phase 3: Adolescents (N = 100, age 12–14 years, 44% female) completed the HIIT-SQ twice (1 week apart) to evaluate test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis of the final six items (mean = 3.43–6.73, SD = 0.99–25.30) revealed adequate fit, χ2(21) = 21, p = .01, comparative fit index = .99, Tucker–Lewis index = .99, root mean square of approximation = .07, 90% confidence interval [.04, .11]. Factor loading estimates showed that all items were highly related to the factor (estimates range: 0.81–0.90). Intraclass coefficients and typical error values were .99 (95% confidence interval [.99, 1.00]) and .22, respectively. This study provides preliminary evidence for the validity and reliability of scores derived from the HIIT-SQ in adolescents. more...

Published
2021
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29. Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients with Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia

Author

Lorenzo Del Sorbo, Atul Malhotra, Larry Tsai, Helen Spotswood, Ronaldo C. Go, Ivan O. Rosas, Taryn Youngstein, Norbert Bräu, Andrew Ustianowski, Sanjay Bhagani, Min Bao, Sophie Dimonaco, Mariam Aziz, Nichola Cooper, Bradley D Hunter, David J. De La Zerda, Michael F. Waters, Daniel Skiest, Emily Graham, Sinisa Savic, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, Balpreet Matharu, and Ivor S. Douglas more...

Subjects
Male, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Medical and Health Sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Receptors, Monoclonal, 030212 general & internal medicine, Treatment Failure, Hospital Mortality, Infusions, Intravenous, Lung, Humanized, education.field_of_study, Respiration, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Artificial, Pneumonia & Influenza, Female, Patient Safety, Intravenous, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Infusions, Randomization, Population, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Placebo, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antibodies, 03 medical and health sciences, Tocilizumab, Double-Blind Method, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, education, Aged, business.industry, Interleukin-6, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, COVID-19, Pneumonia, medicine.disease, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Respiration, Artificial, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Good Health and Well Being, chemistry, business
Abstract

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is associated with immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation, including elevated interleukin-6 levels. The use of tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor, has resulted in better outcomes in patients with severe Covid-19 pneumonia in case reports and retrospective observational cohort studies. Data are needed from randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Methods In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients who were hospitalized with severe Covid-19 pneumonia in a 2:1 ratio receive a single intravenous infusion of tocilizumab (at a dose of 8 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo. Approximately one quarter of the participants received a second dose of tocilizumab or placebo 8 to 24 hours after the first dose. The primary outcome was clinical status at day 28 on an ordinal scale ranging from 1 (discharged or ready for discharge) to 7 (death) in the modified intention-to-treat population, which included all the patients who had received at least one dose of tocilizumab or placebo. Results Of the 452 patients who underwent randomization, 438 (294 in the tocilizumab group and 144 in the placebo group) were included in the primary and secondary analyses. The median value for clinical status on the ordinal scale at day 28 was 1.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0 to 1.0) in the tocilizumab group and 2.0 (non-ICU hospitalization without supplemental oxygen) (95% CI, 1.0 to 4.0) in the placebo group (between-group difference, -1.0; 95% CI, -2.5 to 0; P = 0.31 by the van Elteren test). In the safety population, serious adverse events occurred in 103 of 295 patients (34.9%) in the tocilizumab group and in 55 of 143 patients (38.5%) in the placebo group. Mortality at day 28 was 19.7% in the tocilizumab group and 19.4% in the placebo group (weighted difference, 0.3 percentage points (95% CI, -7.6 to 8.2; nominal P = 0.94). Conclusions In this randomized trial involving hospitalized patients with severe Covid-19 pneumonia, the use of tocilizumab did not result in significantly better clinical status or lower mortality than placebo at 28 days. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche and the Department of Health and Human Services; COVACTA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04320615.). more...

Published
2021

30. My Virtual French Summer: Encounters with Millennial French Poets

Author

Emily Graham and Peter Constantine

Subjects
Cultural Studies, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, History, Poetry, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Literature and Literary Theory, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Lens (geology), Study abroad, Visual arts, Digital poetry
Abstract

After my Study Abroad program in Paris was cancelled due to COVID-19, I decided to travel to France in a different way: through a virtual literary lens. For several weeks throughout the summer of 2... more...

Published
2021
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31. Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia

Author

Michael F. Waters, Lorenzo Del Sorbo, Daniel J. Skiest, Sinisa Savic, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, Bradley D. Hunter, Helen Spotswood, Andrew Ustianowski, Min Bao, Ivan O. Rosas, Larry Tsai, Mariam Aziz, Ivor S. Douglas, Nichola Cooper, Sophie Dimonaco, Norbert Bräu, Balpreet Matharu, Sanjay Bhagani, David J. De La Zerda, Ronaldo C. Go, Atul Malhotra, Emily Graham, and Taryn Youngstein more...

Subjects
education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Population, Hazard ratio, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Placebo, Clinical trial, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pneumonia, Tocilizumab, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Adverse effect, education, business
Abstract

BACKGROUNDCOVID-19 is associated with immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation. Tocilizumab is an anti–interleukin-6 receptor antibody.METHODSPatients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia receiving standard care were randomized (2:1) to double-blinded intravenous tocilizumab 8 mg/kg or placebo. The primary outcome measure was clinical status on a 7-category ordinal scale at day 28 (1, discharged/ready for discharge; 7, death).RESULTSOverall, 452 patients were randomized; the modified-intention-to-treat population included 294 tocilizumab-treated and 144 placebo-treated patients. Clinical status at day 28 was not statistically significantly improved for tocilizumab versus placebo (P=0.36). Median (95% CI) ordinal scale values at day 28: 1.0 (1.0 to 1.0) for tocilizumab and 2.0 (1.0 to 4.0) for placebo (odds ratio, 1.19 [0.81 to 1.76]). There was no difference in mortality at day 28 between tocilizumab (19.7%) and placebo (19.4%) (difference, 0.3% [95% CI, –7.6 to 8.2]; nominal P=0.94). Median time to hospital discharge was 8 days shorter with tocilizumab than placebo (20.0 and 28.0, respectively; nominal P=0.037; hazard ratio 1.35 [95% CI 1.02 to 1.79]). Median duration of ICU stay was 5.8 days shorter with tocilizumab than placebo (9.8 and 15.5, respectively; nominal P=0.045). In the safety population, serious adverse events occurred in 34.9% of 295 patients in the tocilizumab arm and 38.5% of 143 in the placebo arm.CONCLUSIONSIn this randomized placebo-controlled trial in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients, tocilizumab did not improve clinical status or mortality. Potential benefits in time to hospital discharge and duration of ICU stay are being investigated in ongoing clinical trials.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCTG432G615 more...

Published
2020
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32. COVID-19 DEA guidance

Author

Sudheer Potru and Emily Graham

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Operations research, General Medicine
Published
2020
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33. Continuing the Legacy at Nordic Lodge: Succession Planning at an Iconic Family-Owned Restaurant

Author

Leann Mischel and Emily Graham

Subjects
History, Family business, Succession planning, Management
Abstract

The Nordic Lodge is an iconic family-owned restaurant located in Charlestown, Rhode Island. The restaurant is equally owned by third-generation siblings Nancy Log, Lisa Brown, and Steve Persson. Steve’s wife, Lorna, also helps to manage the restaurant. It is established as a private corporation with both voting and nonvoting stock. The current generation is not ready to retire but recognizes the need to set up a succession plan. They realize that a good plan will take several years to put in place and want to ensure that the legacy of the restaurant continues. There are presently eight children in the fourth generation, all of whom have expressed an interest in being a part of the business. Having reached a crossroad in their development, the family is unsure how to proceed with succession planning. They are looking for advice on how to move forward to ensure that all children have the opportunity to work in the restaurant and that future decisions are equitable. The family would also like to determine how shares should be passed down . more...

Published
2019
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34. Investigating the efficacy of a professional education program in promoting sustainable residential construction practices in Australia

Author

Emily Graham and Georgia Warren-Myers

Subjects
Value (ethics), Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 020209 energy, Strategy and Management, 05 social sciences, Professional development, 02 engineering and technology, Business operations, Housing industry, Residential sector, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Construction industry, Sustainability, 050501 criminology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Sustainable practices, Marketing, business, 0505 law, General Environmental Science
Abstract

The Australian construction industry's resource use and emissions' production—particularly in the building sector—has a significant effect on the environment, thus, highlighting the growing importance for increasing sustainability in the sector. To achieve this within the industry and ensure the uptake of better design and construction practices across Australia, it is necessary to educate building professionals about sustainability. The residential construction industry has a poor record of implementing innovation and transferring information to homebuyers. This has necessitated a need to understand how residential building professionals can be educated to enact change and empower themselves (and others) through knowledge to strive towards more sustainable outcomes. Using a leading program in Australia, presented by one of the main industry associations' courses as a case study, this paper investigates the efficacy of the sustainability education program in teaching and motivating residential construction sector participants to make their day-to-day business operations and products more sustainable. This research is the first to analyse the benefits and outcomes of sustainability education program outcomes for residential construction professionals in Australia. This article will examine how motivation and perception, as well as the value of education, affects practice. A myriad of course-specific factors can be attributed to the poor implementation of sustainable practices, such as the limitations of course structure, format and content. Further, the contemporary industry landscape depicts a sector in decline, which is plagued by a challenge to remain competitive with volume builders. Consequently, this sector fundamentally lacks genuine value for large-scale sustainability adoption in the residential sector, which has bearing on the underwhelming implementation rates in the Australian housing industry. more...

Published
2019
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35. Pharmacokinetics of tedizolid, sutezolid, and sutezolid-M1 in non-human primates

Author

Arnold Louie, JoAnne L. Flynn, Chelsea M Causgrove, Véronique Dartois, George L. Drusano, Charles A. Scanga, Matthew D. Zimmerman, Carolina de Miranda Silva, Stephan Schmidt, Emily Graham, Charles A. Peloquin, Brianne Stein, and Sarah Kim more...

Subjects
Primates, Metabolite, Cmax, Pharmaceutical Science, Tetrazoles, 02 engineering and technology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pharmacology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Medicine, Animals, Oxazoles, Oxazolidinones, Volume of distribution, biology, business.industry, Prodrug, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Organophosphates, Anti-Bacterial Agents, chemistry, Pharmacodynamics, Tedizolid, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Non-human primates (NHP) are thought to be a good preclinical animal model for tuberculosis because they develop disease characteristics that are similar to humans. The objective of the current study was to determine if NHPs can also be used to reliably predict the exposure of tedizolid, sutezolid, and its biologically active metabolite sutezolid-M1 in humans. The prodrug tedizolid phosphate and sutezolid were administered orally to NHPs either once or twice daily for up to eight days. The active moieties, tedizolid, and sutezolid showed linear pharmacokinetics and respective concentration-time profiles could be described by one-compartment body models with first-order elimination. One additional metabolite compartment with first-order elimination was found appropriate to capture the pharmacokinetics of sutezolid-M1. Once allometrically scaled to humans with a fixed exponent of 0.75 for apparent clearance and 1 for apparent volume of distribution, the AUCs of tedizolid and sutezolid were predicted reasonably well, whereas Cmax was under-predicted for sutezolid. Both NHP and humanized concentration-time profiles will now be used in vitro hollow-fiber pharmacodynamic experiments to determine if differences in drug exposures result in differences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis kill and emergence of resistance. more...

Published
2020

36. Front Cover

Author

Jianjun Wang, Pierre Legendre, Janne Soininen, Chih‐Fu Yeh, Emily Graham, James Stegen, Emilio O. Casamayor, Jizhong Zhou, Ji Shen, and Feiyan Pan

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published
2020
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38. Development and evaluation of the high-intensity interval training self-efficacy questionnaire

Author

Emily Graham, Michael Noetel, Mark R. Beauchamp, Ronald C. Plotnikoff, Nigel Harris, Thierno M. O. Diallo, Ryan E. Rhodes, Mary E. Jung, Narelle Eather, David R. Lubans, and Jordan J. Smith

Subjects
validity, reliability, Validity, 030229 sport sciences, Confidence interval, Confirmatory factor analysis, Interval training, Factor (chord), scale, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Statistics, 030212 general & internal medicine, adolescents, adherence, Psychology, High-intensity interval training, Applied Psychology, Reliability (statistics), Factor analysis
Abstract

This study involved the design and evaluation of the High-Intensity Interval Training Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (HIIT-SQ). Phase 1: Questionnaire items were developed. Phase 2: Australian adolescents (N = 389, 16.0 ± 0.4 years, 41.10% female) completed the HIIT-SQ, and factorial validity of the measurement model was explored. Phase 3: Adolescents (N = 100, age 12–14 years, 44% female) completed the HIIT-SQ twice (1 week apart) to evaluate test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis of the final six items (mean = 3.43–6.73, SD = 0.99–25.30) revealed adequate fit, χ2(21) = 21, p = .01, comparative fit index = .99, Tucker–Lewis index = .99, root mean square of approximation = .07, 90% confidence interval [.04, .11]. Factor loading estimates showed that all items were highly related to the factor (estimates range: 0.81–0.90). Intraclass coefficients and typical error values were .99 (95% confidence interval [.99, 1.00]) and .22, respectively. This study provides preliminary evidence for the validity and reliability of scores derived from the HIIT-SQ in adolescents. more...

Published
2020

39. Meropenem, Cefepime, and Piperacillin Protein Binding in Patient Samples

Author

Wael A. Alghamdi, Charles A. Peloquin, Mohammad H. Al-Shaer, and Emily Graham

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Cefepime, Antibiotics, Plasma protein binding, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Meropenem, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Aged, Pharmacology, Aged, 80 and over, Piperacillin, business.industry, Albumin, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Female, Drug Monitoring, business, Body mass index, medicine.drug, Protein Binding
Abstract

Background The mortality rate of patients with a drug-resistant bacterial infection is high, as are the associated treatment costs. To overcome these issues, optimization of the available therapeutic options is required. Beta-lactams are time-dependent antibiotics and their efficacy is determined by the amount of time the free concentration remains above the minimum inhibitory concentration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the extent and variability of protein binding for meropenem, cefepime, and piperacillin. Methods Plasma samples for the analysis of meropenem, cefepime, and piperacillin were collected from patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital as part of the standard care. The bound and unbound drug fractions in the samples were separated by ultrafiltration. Validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assays were used to quantify the total and free plasma concentrations, and the protein binding was determined. Results Samples from 95 patients were analyzed. The median (range) age of patients was 56 years (17-87) and the median (range) body mass index was 25.7 kg/m (14.7-74.2). Approximately 59% of the patients were men. The median (range) unbound fraction (fu) was 62.5% (41.6-99.1) for meropenem, 61.4% (51.6-99.2) for cefepime, and 48.3% (39.4-71.3) for piperacillin. In the bivariate analysis, as the total meropenem concentration increased, the fu increased (r = 0.37, P = 0.045). A decrease in piperacillin fu was observed as the albumin concentration increased (r = -0.56, P = 0.005). Conclusions The average fu values were lower than those reported in the literature. There was also a large variability in fu; hence, it should be considered when managing patients administered with these drugs through direct measurements of free drug concentrations. more...

Published
2019

40. Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA

Author

Adam S. Ward, Jay P. Zarnetske, Viktor Baranov, Phillip J. Blaen, Nicolai Brekenfeld, Rosalie Chu, Romain Derelle, Jennifer Drummond, Jan Fleckenstein, Vanessa Garayburu-Caruso, Emily Graham, David Hannah, Ciaran Harman, Jase Hixson, Julia L. A. Knapp, Stefan Krause, Marie J. Kurz, Jörg Lewandowski, Angang Li, Eugènia Martí, Melinda Miller, Alexander M. Milner, Kerry Neil, Luisa Orsini, Aaron I. Packman, Stephen Plont, Lupita Renteria, Kevin Roche, Todd Royer, Noah M. Schmadel, Catalina Segura, James Stegen, Jason Toyoda, Jacqueline Wells, Nathan I. Wisnoski, and Steven M. Wondzell more...

Abstract

A comprehensive set of measurements and calculated metrics describing physical, chemical, and biological conditions in the river corridor is presented. These data were collected in a catchment-wide, synoptic campaign in Lookout Creek within the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA) in summer 2016 during low discharge conditions. Extensive characterization of 62 sites including surface water, hyporheic water, and streambed sediment was conducted spanning 1st through 5th order reaches in the river network. The objective of the sample design and data acquisition was to generate a novel data set to support scaling of river corridor processes across varying flows and morphologic forms present in a river network. The data are available at http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/f4484e0703f743c696c2e1f209abb842 (Ward, 2019). more...

Published
2019

41. The prevention of anticancer therapy extravasation events in the oncology clinic infusion patient: A quality improvement study

Author

Raven Lowery, Emily Graham, Holley Stallings, Lisa Ciafre, Chelsea Strom, Courtney Scheerer, Dana Haines, Patricia Reiser, and Matthew Bigbee

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Quality management, business.industry, Oncology clinic, Cancer, medicine.disease, Extravasation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Emergency medicine, medicine, business, Quality assurance, 030215 immunology
Abstract

192 Background: The Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute (AHNCI) Medical Oncology is comprised of 19 infusion clinics located in the western Pennsylvania region. Safety quality assurance data revealed an extravasation rate of 0.12% for vesicant anticancer therapies. A literature review identified a benchmark for these extravasations to be 0.09% confirming that the AHNCI had an opportunity to improve patient safety. Methods: A multidisciplinary quality team with support from ASCO’s Quality Training Program was developed to decrease extravasation occurrences utilizing problem solving tools and PDSA methodology. A process flow map and cause and effect diagram revealed opportunities in the following categories: People–Lack of formal IV training resulting in care dependent on experiential knowledge only; Process–There is not a standardized process for IV starts; Plant–Supply standardization was non-existent. Offices and staff utilized the catheter of their choice with varying levels of technology for early detection of vein cannulation. The use of catheter stabilizing dressings or devices did not exist. Diagnostic data analysis revealed that a majority of extravasation events occurred peripherally in the forearm with a 24g, 0.75” catheter. Therefore, this quality team’s focus was on the prevention of peripheral extravasations. Gemba walk utilizing an observation tool identified that nurses often made decisions based on personal comfort rather than best practice. Process measures: Process Change #1: Standardize IV Catheters across the network to reduce variation and ensure that the chosen catheter’s manufacture technology includes early vein cannulation technology and to implement IV start kits with a securement dressing. Process Change#2: Educate nurses in vein assessment technique, catheter selection and insertion skill. Results: Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute was able to decrease extravasation events from 0.12% to 0.02% due to the innovation of this quality improvement team by standardizing supplies and ensuring staff competency with peripheral IV insertion knowledge and skills. Conclusions: Validating a problem through data is essential–we can’t manage what we can’t measure.Validating a problem’s value through evidence is necessary (patient harm). Benchmarking must be supported with a high level of evidence. Eliminating variation improves investigative outcomes. Implementing process measures through best practice evidence and not hypothesis is essential. more...

Published
2020
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42. Sulfites inhibit the growth of four species of beneficial gut bacteria at concentrations regarded as safe for food

Author

Adriel Robidoux, Ashley Malek, Sally V. Irwin, Peter Fisher, and Emily Graham

Subjects
B Vitamins, 0301 basic medicine, Streptococcus thermophilus, Preservative, Food Safety, Colony Count, Microbial, lcsh:Medicine, Bacterial growth, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lactobacillus, Medicine and Health Sciences, Thiamine, lcsh:Science, Sodium sulfite, Food Preservatives, Multidisciplinary, biology, Organic Compounds, Genomics, Vitamins, Bacterial Pathogens, 3. Good health, Chemistry, Medical Microbiology, Physical Sciences, Pathogens, Research Article, food.ingredient, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Genomics, Microbiology, Inhibitory Concentration 50, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Species Specificity, Sulfite, Genetics, Sulfites, Microbial Pathogens, Microbial Viability, Bacteria, Food additive, Gut Bacteria, Organic Chemistry, lcsh:R, Chemical Compounds, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Streptococcus, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, 13. Climate action, lcsh:Q, Microbiome, Preservatives
Abstract

Sulfites and other preservatives are considered food additives to limit bacterial contamination, and are generally regarded as safe for consumption by governmental regulatory agencies at concentrations up to 5000 parts per million (ppm). Consumption of bactericidal and bacteriostatic drugs have been shown to damage beneficial bacteria in the human gut and this damage has been associated with several diseases. In the present study, bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of two common food preservatives, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite, were tested on four known beneficial bacterial species common as probiotics and members of the human gut microbiota. Lactobacillus species casei, plantarum and rhamnosus, and Streptococcus thermophilus were grown under optimal environmental conditions to achieve early log phase at start of experiments. Bacterial cultures were challenged with sulfite concentrations ranging between 10 and 3780 ppm for six hours. To establish a control, a culture of each species was inoculated into media containing no sulfite preservative. By two hours of exposure, a substantial decrease (or no increase) of cell numbers (based on OD600 readings) were observed for all bacteria types, in concentrations of sulfites between 250-500 ppm, compared to cells in sulfite free media. Further testing using serial dilution and drop plates identified bactericidal effects in concentrations ranging between 1000-3780 ppm on all the Lactobacillus species by 4 hours of exposure and bactericidal effects on S. thermophilus in 2000ppm NaHSO3 after 6 hours of exposure. more...

Published
2017

43. Human rights practice and the city

Author

Paul Gready, Rachel Pennington, Martha F. Davis, Emily Graham, Eric T. Hoddy, Michele Grigolo, and Barbara Oomen

Subjects
Human rights, Political economy, media_common.quotation_subject, Political science, Human geography, Public administration, media_common
Published
2016
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44. Bilateral upper eyelid oedema

Author

Briony, Hazelton and Emily, Graham

Subjects
Male, Tonsillitis, Child, Preschool, Eyelid Diseases, Photography, Edema, Humans
Published
2012

45. Coronary Artery Spasm, Hypertension, Hypokalemia and Licorice

Author

Emily Graham Kurtz, Douglas B. Sawyer, Flora Sam, and Ewa A. Konik

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Aldosterone, biology, urogenital system, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Secondary hypertension, Pharmacology, medicine.disease, Mineralocorticoid secretion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mineralocorticoid receptor, Endocrinology, chemistry, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, Mineralocorticoid, Internal medicine, Renin–angiotensin system, polycyclic compounds, medicine, biology.protein, Cortisone, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug
Abstract

Hypertension with hypokalemia, especially in a patient off diuretics, suggests a secondary hypertension due to an increase in mineralocorticoid activity, for example, primary increases in renin, aldosterone, or nonaldosterone mineralocorticoid secretion or an increased mineralocorticoid-like effect. Mineralocorticoid Receptors (MR) preferentially bind cortisol. A mineralocorticoid effect of cortisol is avoided in some tissues by expression of 11-Beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase type 2 (11 BHSD2), the enzyme responsible for transformation of cortisol to its 11-keto derivative (cortisone), which has minimal affinity for MR receptors. Only when cortisol is converted to the inactive cortisone can aldosterone bind to the MR. Rare congenital deficiency of 11 BHSD2 or its inhibition by licorice consumption mimics hyperaldosteronic state. more...

Published
2012
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46. A Successful Model for Adult Emergency Medicine Protocol Implementation for Sickle Cell Disease

Author

Amy Rettig, Miranda Gill, Payal Desai, Emily Graham, Eric J. Adkins, Deborah Hanes, Jason Walsh, and Luca Delatore

Subjects
Protocol (science), medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Immunology, Cell Biology, Hematology, Emergency department, Guideline, Disease, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Sickle cell anemia, Health care, Emergency medicine, medicine, Opiate, business, Complication
Abstract

Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) affects approximately 1 in 350 African American newborn infants each year in the United States and 70,000-100,000 people in the United States. Vaso-occlusive pain crisis is the most common complication that results in patients seeking emergency care for sickle cell disease. In the US in 2006, an estimated 232,381 emergency department (ED) visits were related to sickle cell disease, which resulted in approximately $356 million of ED health care costs and $2.6 billion of combined ED and inpatient costs. Initial pediatric data suggests that time to opiate initiation effectively decreased the total ED length of stay, and total intravenous opiates. While adult ED protocols have been implemented, results on time to first opiate as well as health care utilization has been variable. Methods: A multidisciplinary quality improvement group was formed to improve emergency room department care delivery for patients with sickle cell disease. The existing NIH 2014 sickle cell guideline and Tanabe protocol was modified to include individualized pain plans (Figure 1). The primary goal was defined as average time to first opiate of < 60 minutes. The secondary goal was to improve long term health care utilization as measures by length of ED stay and readmission rates for patients with sickle cell disease. The data was compared to a year prior to protocol implementation given the seasonal variations observed in patient admissions and encounter volumes. For reporting, those patients that require a toxicology screen prior to opiate administration were excluded from the data analysis. Results: There were a total of 352 encounters from 102 unique patients that occurred time of protocol initiation (January 2015-June 2015). The average time to first opiate in January 2014 was 170 min and June 2014 was 166min. After protocol implementation, the average time to first opiate in January 2015 was 123 min and June 2015 62 min (Figure 2). The readmission rate compared to May and June 2014 was decreased by 43% and 20% in May and June 2015, respectively. The average length of ED stay decreased from 9.4 hrs in June 2014 to 5.0 hrs in June 2015 (Figure 3). Conclusion: With a collaborative multi-disciplinary approach, successful ED protocol implementation is feasible. The collaboration can lead to better patient care with improvement in time to analgesia. The model may also contribute to reduction in health care utilization. Figure 1. ED Pain Protocol Algorithm Figure 1. ED Pain Protocol Algorithm Figure 2. Time to First Opiate (mins) Figure 2. Time to First Opiate (mins) Figure 3. Length of Stay in the Emergency Department (Hrs) Figure 3. Length of Stay in the Emergency Department (Hrs) Disclosures Desai: Pfizer: Consultancy. more...

Published
2015
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48. Jemma targets the world of physics

Author

Hannah Gilbert, Emily Graham, Nicola Wood, Lindsey Mehrer, and Tessa Bircham

Subjects
Verdict, Mathematics education, General Physics and Astronomy, Engineering physics
Abstract

Planetjemma is a website that is designed to interest girls aged 14–16 in physics. Below, a recent physics graduate and five year – 12 pupils give their verdict on the site

Published
2003
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49. Test of the universality of $\tau$ and $\mu$ lepton couplings in $W$-boson decays from $t\bar{t}$ events with the ATLAS detector

Author

Georges Aad, Braden Abbott, Abbott, Dale Charles, Adam Abed Abud, Kira Abeling, Deshan Abhayasinghe, Syed Haider Abidi, Ossama Sherif Alexander AbouZeid, Abraham, Nicola, Halina Abramowicz, Abreu, Henso, Yiming Abulaiti, Bobby Acharya, Baida Achkar, Lennart Adam, Claire Bourdarios, Leszek Adamczyk, Lukas Adamek, Jahred Adelman, Adersberger, Michael, Aytul Adiguzel, Sofia Adorni Braccesi Chiassi, Tim Adye, Anthony Affolder, Yoav Afik, Christina Agapopoulou, Merve Nazlim Agaras, Anamika Aggarwal, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra, Ahmad, Ammara, Faig Ahmadov, waleed syed ahmed, Xiaocong Ai, Giulio Aielli, Shunichi Akatsuka, Melike Akbiyik, Torsten Akesson, ECE AKILLI, Andrey Akimov, konie al khoury, Gian Luigi Alberghi, Justin Albert, Maria Josefina Alconada Verzini, Sara Alderweireldt, Martin Aleksa, Igor Alexandrov, Calin Alexa, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alice Alfonsi, FABRIZIO ALFONSI, Muhammad Alhroob, Babar Ali, Shahzad Ali, Malik Aliev, Gianluca Alimonti, Corentin Allaire, Benedict Allbrooke, Benjamin Allen, Philip Allport, Alberto Aloisio, Francisco Alonso, Cristiano Alpigiani, Alunno Camelia, Elio, Manuel Alvarez Estevez, Mariagrazia Alviggi, Yara Coutinho, Alessandro Ambler, Luca Ambroz, Amelung, Christoph, Dante Amidei, Susana Amor Santos, Simone Amoroso, Amrouche, Cherifa Sabrina, Fenfen An, Christos Anastopoulos, Nansi Andari, Timothy Andeen, John Anders, Stefio Yosse Andrean, Andreazza, Attilio, Andrei, George Victor, Anelli, Christopher Ryan, Stylianos Angelidakis, Aaron Angerami, Alexey Anisenkov, Alberto Annovi, Claire Antel, Matthew Anthony, Egor Antipov, Mario Antonelli, Daniel Antrim, Fabio Anulli, Masato Aoki, Aparisi Pozo, Javier Alberto, Aparo, Marco, Ludovica Aperio Bella, Nordin Aranzabal, Victor Araujo Ferraz, Araujo Pereira, Rodrigo, Chiara Arcangeletti, Ayana Holloway Arce, Arduh, Francisco Anuar, Jean-Francois Arguin, Spyridon Argyropoulos, Jan-Hendrik Arling, Aaron Armbruster, Alexander Armstrong, Olivier Arnaez, Hannah Arnold, Arrubarrena Tame, Zulit Paola, Giacomo Artoni, Haruka Asada, Asai, Kanae, Shoji Asai, Asawatavonvanich, Thanawat, Nedaa Alexandra Asbah, Eleni Myrto Asimakopoulou, lily asquith, Jihad Assahsah, Assamagan, Ketevi, Robert Astalos, Ryan Atkin, Atkinson, Markus, Naim Bora Atlay, Atmani, Hicham, Kamil Augsten, Volker Andreas Austrup, Giuseppe Avolio, Mohamad Kassem Ayoub, Georges Azuelos, Henri Bachacou, Konstantinos Bachas, Backman, Filip, Paolo Bagnaia, Marzieh Bahmani, Baluch Bahrasemani, Sina, Adam Bailey, Virginia Bailey, John Baines, Bakalis, Christos, Oliver Baker, Pepijn Bakker, Evelin Bakos, Debottam BakshiGupta, Shyam Balaji, Rahul Balasubramanian, Evgenii Baldin, Petr Balek, Fabrice Balli, William Balunas, Johannes Balz, Elżbieta Banaś, Marilena Bandieramonte, Anjishnu Bandyopadhyay, swagato banerjee, Liron Barak, William Barbe, Elisabetta Barberio, Dario Barberis, Marlon, Barbour, Gregory, Barillari Teresa, Martin Barisits, Jason Barkeloo, Timothy Barklow, Barnea, Rotem, Bruce Barnett, Michael Barnett, Zuzana Blenessy, Antonio Baroncelli, Gaetano Barone, Alan Barr, Laura Barranco Navarro, Fernando Barreiro, Joao Guimaraes da Costa, Uriel Barron, Sergey Barsov, Falk Bartels, Rainer Bartoldus, Giovanni Bartolini, Adam Barton, Pavol Bartos, Artem Basalaev, Alexander Basan, Ahmed Bassalat, Matthew Basso, richard bates, Batlamous, Souad, Richard Batley, Binish Batool, Battaglia, Marco, Matteo Bauce, Florian Bauer, Patrick Bauer, Bawa, Harinder Singh, Arif Bayirli, James Beacham, Tristan Beau, Pierre-Hugues Beauchemin, Fabian Becherer, Philip Bechtle, Beck, Helge Christoph, Hans Peter Beck, Kathrin Becker, Cyril Becot, Beddall, Ayda, Andrew Beddall, Vadim Bednyakov, Matteo Bedognetti, Christopher Bee, Beermann, Thomas Alfons, Marcia Begalli, Michael Begel, Arabinda Behera, Katharina Behr, J., Florian Beisiegel, Mohamed Belfkir, Andrew Bell, Gideon Bella, Lorenzo Bellagamba, Alain Bellerive, Panagiotis Bellos, Beloborodov, Konstantin, Konstantin Belotsky, Nikita Belyaev, Driss Benchekroun, Nektarios Benekos, yan benhammou, Douglas Benjamin, Mathieu Benoit, James Bensinger, Stan Bentvelsen, Lydia Beresford, Matteo Mario Beretta, David Berge, Elin Bergeaas Kuutmann, Nicolas Berger, Benedikt Ludwig Bergmann, Laura, Juerg Beringer, Simon, Gregorio Bernardi, Catrin Bernius, Florian Bernlochner, Tracey Berry, Peter Berta, Anne-Sophie Berthold, Iain Alexander Bertram, Olga Bessidskaia Bylund, Nathalie Besson, Agni Bethani, Siegfried Bethke, Alessandra Betti, Adrian Bevan, Julien-Christopher Beyer, Deb Sankar Bhattacharya, Bhattarai, Prajita, Vallary Bhopatkar, Bi, Runyu, Riccardo Maria Bianchi, Otmar Biebel, Dustin Biedermann, Rafal Bielski, Katharina Bierwagen, Nicolò Vladi Biesuz, Michela Biglietti, Thomas Billoud, Marcello Bindi, Ahmet Bingul, Cesare Bini, Silvia Biondi, Birch-Sykes, Callum Jacob, Mattias Birman, Bisanz, Tobias, Jyoti Prakash Biswal, Diptaparna Biswas, Alexander Bitadze, Carsten Bittrich, Kristian Bjørke, Tomas Blazek, Ingo Bloch, Craig Blocker, Andrew Blue, Ulla Blumenschein, gerard jan bobbink, Viktor Bobrovnikov, Bocchetta, Simona Serena, Daniela Boerner, Danijela Bogavac, Alexander Bogdanchikov, Bohm, Christian, Veronique Boisvert, Petar Bokan, Tomasz Bold, Arthur Eugen Bolz, Marco Bomben, Marcella Bona, Johan Bonilla, Maarten Boonekamp, Booth, Callum Dale, Borbély, A. G., Hanna Borecka-Bielska, Borgna, Lucas Santiago, Borisov, Anatoly, Guennadi Borissov, Daniela Bortoletto, Davide Boscherini, Martine Bosman, Jonathan David Bossio Sola, Khalil Bouaouda, Joseph Boudreau, Evelina Bouhova-Thacker, Boumediene, Djamel, Antonio Boveia, James Boyd, Diallo Boye, Igor Boyko, Adam Bozson, Juraj Bracinik, Brahimi, Nihal, Brandt, Gerhard, Oleg Brandt, Früd Braren, Benjamin Brau, Brau, James E., Breaden Madden, William Dmitri, Kurt Brendlinger, Roy Schimmel Brener, Lydia Brenner, Richard Brenner, Shikma Bressler, Bernard Brickwedde, Daniel Briglin, David Britton, Britzger Daniel, Ian Brock, Raymond Brock, Gustaaf Brooijmans, William Brooks, Elizabeth Brost, Pawel Bruckman de Renstrom, Ben Brüers, Dusan Bruncko, Alessia Bruni, Graziano Bruni, Marco Bruschi, Nello Bruscino, Lene Kristian Bryngemark, Trygve Buanes, Quentin Buat, Peter Buchholz, Andy Buckley, Ioulian Budagov, Magnar Kopangen Bugge, Felix Bührer, Oleg Bulekov, Brendon Bullard, Tyler James Burch, Sergey Burdin, Carsten Burgard, Angela Burger, Blake Burghgrave, Jonathan Burr, Charles Burton, Burzynski, Jackson Carl, Volker Buescher, Buschmann, Eric, peter bussey, John Butler, Craig Buttar, Jonathan Butterworth, Butti, Pierfrancesco, William Buttinger, Buxo Vazquez, Carlos Josue, Adrian Buzatu, Alexey Buzykaev, Grazia Cabras, Susana Cabrera Urbán, Davide Caforio, Huacheng Cai, Valentina Maria Martina Cairo, Cakir, Orhan, Noemi Calace, Paolo Calafiura, Giovanni Calderini, Philippe Calfayan, Giuseppe Callea, Caloba, Luiz, Caltabiano, Alessandro, Sergio Calvente Lopez, David Calvet, Samuel Calvet, Thomas Calvet, Milene Calvetti, Reina Coromoto Camacho Toro, Stefano Camarda, Daniel Camarero Muñoz, Paolo Camarri, Maria Teresa Camerlingo, David Cameron, Clément Camincher, Campana, Simone, Mario Campanelli, Alessandra Camplani, Vincenzo Canale, Auriane Canesse, Marc Bret Cano, Josu Cantero García, Tingting Cao, Yumeng Cao, Mar Capeans, Marcella Capua, Roberto Cardarelli, Fabio Cardillo, Giovandomenico Carducci, Ina Carli, Tancredi Carli, Gianpaolo Carlino, Benjamin Carlson, Evan Carlson, LEONARDO CARLO CARMINATI, Rebecca Carney, Sascha, Edson Carquin, SONIA CARRA, Giuseppe Carratta, Joseph Carter, Thomas Carter, María Pilar Casado Lechuga, Casha, Albert Francis, Castiglia, Emma Grace, Florencia Luciana Castillo, Lucía Castillo García, Maria Victoria Castillo, Nuno Castro, Andrea Catinaccio, Catmore, James, Cattai, Ariella, Viviana Cavaliere, Vincenzo Cavasinni, Celebi, Emre, Celli, Federico, Karel Černý, Augusto Cerqueira, alessandro cerri, Lucio Cerrito, Fabio Cerutti, Alberto Cervelli, SERKANT ALİ ÇETİN, Chadi, Zakaria, dhiman chakraborty, Jay Chan, Wing Sheung Chan, Chan, Wai Yuen, John Chapman, Bakar Chargeishvili, David Charlton, Thomas Charman, Chatterjee, Meghranjana, Chav Chhiv Chau, Siinn Che, Sergei Chekanov, Sergey Chekulaev, SHELKOV GEORGY, Boping Chen, Chen, Cheng, Chunhui Chen, Huirun Chen, Hucheng Chen, Jing Chen, jue chen, Jiayi Chen, Shion Chen, Shenjian Chen, Chen, Xin, Ye Chen, Chen Yu-Heng, Hok-Chuen Cheng, Huajie Cheng, Alexander Cheplakov, Cheremushkina, Evgenia, Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, Elliott Cheu, Kingman Cheung, Thibault Chevalerias, laurent chevalier, Vitaliano Chiarella, Giorgio Chiarelli, Gabriele Chiodini, Andrew Chisholm, Adrian Chitan, Chiu, I-Huan, Yu Him Justin Chiu, Mihail Chizhov, KYUNGEON CHOI, Arthur Chomont, Chow, Yun Sang, Lawrence christopher, Ming-chung Chu, Xiaotong Chu, Jiri Chudoba, Janusz Chwastowski, Chytka, Ladislav, Davide Cieri, Krzysztof Cieśla, Vladimir Cindro, Irina Cioara, Alessandra Ciocio, Francesco Cirotto, Zvi Citron, Mauro Citterio, Ciubotaru, Dan Andrei, Ciungu, Bianca Monica, Allan Clark, Michael Clark, Philip Clark, Savannah Clawson, Christophe Clement, Yann Coadou, marina cobal, Andrea Coccaro, Cochran, James H., Rafael Coelho Lopes de Sa, Cohen, Hadar Yosef, Artur Coimbra, Brian Cole, Colijn, Auke-Pieter, Johann Collot, Conde Muino, P., Simon Connell, Ian Connelly, Constantinescu, Serban, Francesco Alessandro Conventi, Amanda Cooper-Sarkar, Cormier, Felix, Cormier, Kyle James Read, Louie Corpe, Massimo Corradi, Eric Edward Corrigan, Francois Corriveau, Costa Mezquita, Francesco Costanza, Davide Costanzo, Glen Cowan, James Cowley, Jonathan Crane, Kyle Cranmer, Rachael Creager, Sabine Crépé-Renaudin, Francesco Crescioli, Markus Cristinziani, Vincent Alexander Croft, Nanni Crosetti, Ana Rosario Cueto Gómez, Tulay Cuhadar Donszelmann, Cui, Han, Aviv Cukierman, Liam Cunningham, Sabina Czekierda, Patrick Czodrowski, Marta Czurylo, Mário José Cunha Sargedas Sousa, JOAO VICTOR DA FONSECA PINTO, Cinzia Da Via, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, Dachs, Florian, Tomas Dado, Salah-eddine Dahbi, Tiesheng Dai, Carlo Dallapiccola, Mogens Dam, Amen, Gabriele D., Amico, Valerio D., Johannes Damp, Jeffrey Dandoy, Maria Florencia Daneri, Matthias Danninger, Valerio Dao, Giovanni Darbo, Dartsi, Olympia, Aparajita Dattagupta, Daubney, Thomas, Auria, Saverio D., Claire David, Tomas Davidek, Douglas Davis, Ian Dawson, Kaushik De, Riccardo De Asmundis, Beurs, Marcus, Stefano De Castro, Nicolo de Groot, Paul de Jong, Hector de la Torre Perez, Antonio De Maria, Daniele De Pedis, Alessandro De Salvo, Umberto De Sanctis, Santis, Maurizio, Antonella De Santo, Jean-Baptiste de Vivie, Dedovich, Dmitri, Allison McCarn Deiana, Jose del Peso, Yasiel Delabat Diaz, David Delgove, Frederic Deliot, Chris Malena Delitzsch, Massimo Della Pietra, Domenico Della Volpe, Andrea Dell’Acqua, Lidia Dell'Asta, Marco Delmastro, Delporte, Charles, Pierre-Antoine Delsart, David DeMarco, Sarah Demers, Mikhail Demichev, Demontigny, Gabriel, Sergei Denisov, Eramo, Louis D., Dominik Derendarz, Jamal Eddine Derkaoui, Derue, Frédéric, Paul Dervan, Klaus Desch, Karola Dette, Christopher Deutsch, Devesa, Maria Roberta, Pier-Olivier Deviveiros, Francesco Armando Di Bello, Anna Di Ciaccio, Lucia Di Ciaccio, William DiClemente, Camilla Di Donato, Alessandro Di Girolamo, Giulia Di Gregorio, Biagio Di Micco, Roberto Di Nardo, Karri Folan Di Petrillo, Riccardo Di Sipio, Cristinel Diaconu, Flavia De Almeida Dias, Tiago Vale, Diaz, Marco Aurelio, Federico Guillermo Diaz Capriles, Jennet Dickinson, Mariia Didenko, Edward Diehl, Janet Dietrich, Sergio Diez Cornell, Carmen Diez Pardos, Aleksandra Dimitrievska, Wei Ding, Dingfelder, Jochen, Sebastian Dittmeier, Fridolin Dittus, Farès Djama, Tamar Djobava, Julia Isabell Djuvsland, Maria Aline Vale, Monica Dobre, David Dodsworth, Caterina Doglioni, Jiří Dolejší, Zdeněk Doležal, Marisilvia Donadelli, Binbin Dong, Julien Donini, Onofrio, Adelina D., Onofrio, Monica D., Jens Dopke, Alessandra Doria, María Teresa Dova, Anthony Doyle, Eric Drechsler, Etienne Dreyer, Timo Dreyer, Alec Drobac, Dongshuo Du, Tristan du Pree, Duan, Yanyun, Filipp, Michal Dubovsky, Arnaud Dubreuil, Ehud Duchovni, Guenter Duckeck, Otilia Ducu, Dominik Duda, Alexey Dudarev, Andreas Düdder, Duffield, Emily Marie, Uffizi, Matteo D., Laurent Duflot, Michael Duehrssen-Debling, Carsten Dülsen, Mirta Dumancic, Dumitriu, Ana Elena, Monica Dunford, Arnaud Duperrin, Hatice, Michael Düren, Archil Durglishvili, Duschinger, Dirk, Baishali Dutta, Duvnjak, Damir, George Ian Dyckes, Mateusz Dyndal, Samuel Dysch, Bartosz Dziedzic, Eggleston, Michael Glenn, Till Eifert, Gerald Eigen, Kevin Einsweiler, Tord Ekelof, Hassnae El Jarrari, Venugopal Ellajosyula, Mattias Ellert, Frank Ellinghaus, Alison Elliot, Nicolas Ellis, Johannes Elmsheuser, Markus Elsing, Dmitry Emeliyanov, Alexander Emerman, Yuji Enari, Matthew Epland, Johannes Erdmann, Antonio Ereditato, Paula Erland, Martin Errenst, Marc Escalier, Carlos Escobar Ibáñez, Oscar Estrada Pastor, Erez Etzion, Evans, G., Harold Evans, Meirin Oan Evans, Alexey Ezhilov, Federica Fabbri, Laura Fabbri, Veronica Fabiani, Gabriel Facini, Fakhrutdinov, Rinat, Speranza Falciano, Peter Johannes Falke, Saskia Falke, Jana Faltova, Yi Fang, Yaquan Fang, GEORGIOS FANOURAKIS, MARCELLO FANTI, Mohammed Faraj, Amir Farbin, Addolorata Farilla, Edoardo Maria Farina, Trisha Farooque, Sinead Farrington, Philippe Farthouat, Farida Fassi, Patrick Fassnacht, Dimitris Fassouliotis, Michele Faucci Giannelli, William Fawcett, Louis Fayard, Oleg Fedin, Wojciech Fedorko, Armin Ilg, Matthew Feickert, Lorenzo Feligioni, Alexandra Fell, Cunfeng Feng, Minyu Feng, Michael Fenton, Fenyuk, Alexander, Sarah Ferguson, James Ferrando, Ferrante, Andrew, arnaud ferrari, Pamela, Pamela Ferrari, Ferrari, Roberto Ferrari, Danilo Enoque Ferreira de Lima, Antonio Ferrer, Didier Ferrere, Claudio Ferretti, Frank Fiedler, Andrej Filipčič, Frank Filthaut, Kevin Finelli, Miguel Fiolhais, Luca Fiorini, Florian Leitgeb, Julian Blumenthal, Wade Fisher, Tobias Fitschen, Ivor Fleck, Philipp Fleischmann, Tobias Flick, Bernhard Flierl, LUCAS FLORES, Luis Roberto Flores Castillo, Francesco Maria Follega, Nikolai Fomin, Joel Foo, Giulio Forcolin, Forland, Blake Christopher, Andrea Formica, Fabian Alexander Förster, Alessandra Forti, Fortin, Etienne, Maria Giovanna Foti, Daniel André Fournier, Harald Fox, Paolo Francavilla, Simone Francescato, Matteo Franchini, Silvia franchino, Francis, David, Luca Franco, Laura Franconi, melissa franklin, Guglielmo Frattari, Antony Fray, Freeman, Patrick Moriishi, Benjamin Freund, Freund, W. S., Elena Freundlich, Dylan Frizzell, Daniel Froidevaux, James Frost, Minori Fujimoto, Chikara Fukunaga, Esteban Fullana Torregrosa, Fusayasu, Takahiro, Juan Fuster, Alessandro Gabrielli, andrea gabrielli, Stefan Gadatsch, Philipp Gadow, Guido Gagliardi, Louis-Guillaume Gagnon, Gabriel Gallardo, Elizabeth Gallas, Bruce Gallop, Rodrigo Gamboa Goni, Kock Kiam Gan, Sanmay Ganguly, Jun Gao, Yanyan Gao, Yongsheng Gao, Francisca Garay, Carmen Garcia, Jose Enrique Garcia Navarro, Juan Antonio Garcia Pascual, Carlos Garcia-Argos, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, Robert Gardner, Nicoletta Garelli, Simona Gargiulo, Garner, Christopher Andrew, Garonne, Vincent, Sean Gasiorowski, Philipp Gaspar, Gaudiello A., Gabriella Gaudio, Paolo Gauzzi, Igor Gavrilenkp, Alexander Gavrilyuk, Colin Gay, Götz Gaycken, Evangelos Gazis, Andrei-Alexandru Geanta, Carolyn Gee, Norman Gee, Jannik Geisen, Marc Geisen, Claudia Gemme, Marie-Helene Genest, Geng, Cong, Simonetta Gentile, Simon George, Theodoros Geralis, Gerlach, 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Sevilla, Galo Rafael Gonzalvo Rodríguez, Luc Goossens, Gorasia, Nandish Arjan, Gorbounov, Petr Andreevich, Howard Gordon, Benedetto Gorini, Edoardo Gorini, Andrej Gorisek, Alfred Goshaw, Mikhail Gostkin, Carlo Alberto Gottardo, Mohamed Gouighri, ANNA GOUSSIOU, nicolin govender, Corinne goy, Iwona Grabowska-Bold, Emily Graham, Gramling, Johanna, Eirik Gramstad, Sergio Grancagnolo, Mario Grandi, Gratchev, Vadim, Paul-Mircea Gravila, Francesco Giuseppe Gravili, Chloe Gray, Heather Gray, Christian Grefe, Kristian Gregersen, Ingrid-Maria Gregor, Philippe Grenier, Kirill Grevtsov, Chiara Grieco, Grieser, Nathan Allen, Grillo, Alexander, Kathryn Grimm, Sebastian Grinstein, Jean-François Grivaz, Sabrina Groh, Gross, Eilam, Jörn Große-Knetter, Zara Grout, Grud, Christopher, Aidan Grummer, James Grundy, Liang Guan, Wen Guan, Christopher Gubbels, Jaroslav Guenther, Antinéa Guerguichon, Jesus Guerrero Rojas, Francesco Guescini, Daniel Hay Guest, Ralf Gugel, Alessandro Guida, thibault guillemin, Stefan Guindon, Jun Guo, Wen Guo, Yicheng Guo, Ziyu Guo, Ruchi Gupta, saime gurbuz, Giuliano Gustavino, Manuel Guth, Phillip Gutierrez, Christian Gutschow, Guyot, Claude, Claire Gwenlan, Carl Gwilliam, Even Simonsen Haaland, Andrew Haas, Carl Haber, Hadavand, Haleh Khani, Hadef, Asma, Mahsana Haleem, Joseph Haley, Jack, Garabed Halladjian, Gregory Hallewell, Kenji Hamano, Hassane Hamdaoui, Matthias Hamer, Guillermo Hamity, Kunlin Han, Liangliang Han, Han, Liang, Shuo Han, Yi Fei Han, Kazunori Hanagaki, Michael Hance, David Handl, Michael Hank, Robert Hankache, Eva Brottmann Hansen, Jorgen Beck Hansen, Jørn Dines Hansen, Maike Hansen, Peter Henrik Hansen, Emily Hanson, Kazuhiko Hara, Torsten Harenberg, Siarhei Harkusha, Harrison, Paul Fraser, Hartman, Nicole Michelle, Nikolai Hartmann, Yoji Hasegawa, Ahmed Hasib, Samira Hassani, Sigve Haug, Reiner Hauser, Laura Havener, Havranek, Miroslav, Christopher Hawkes, Richard Hawkings, Shota Hayashida, Daniel Hayden, Christopher Hayes, Robin 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L., Nathan Readioff, MARILEA REALE, Daniela Marcella Rebuzzi, George Redlinger, Kendall Reeves, David Reikher, Reiss, Andreas, Amartya Rej, Christoph Rembser, ALESSIA RENARDI, Michele Renda, Rendel, Marian Benedikt, Adam Graham Rennie, Silvia Resconi, Elodie Resseguie, Sebastien Rettie, Reynolds, Bryan John Gardner, Elliot Reynolds, Olga Rezanova, Pavel Řezníček, Ester Ricci, Robert Richter, Stefan Richter, Elżbieta Richter-Wąs, Melissa Ridel, Patrick Rieck, Othmane Rifki, Rijssenbeek, Michael, Adele Rimoldi, Marco Rimoldi, Lorenzo Rinaldi, Timothy Rinn, Giulia Ripellino, Imma Riu, Pablo Andres Rivadeneira Bracho, Juan Cristóbal Rivera Vergara, Flera Rizatdinova, Eram Rizvi, Chiara Rizzi, Steven Robertson, Robin, Matthieu, David Robinson, Robles Gajardo, Carolina Michel, Maria Soledad Robles Manzano, Aidan Robson, Alessandro Rocchi, Elena Rocco, Chiara Maria Roda, Sergi Rodriguez, Arturo Rodríguez Rodríguez, Ana Maria Rodriguez Vera, Roe, Shaun, Jens Roggel, Ole Myren Røhne, Rainer Röhrig, Rimsky Rojas, Benoit Roland, Christophe Roland, Jennifer Roloff, Anatoli Romaniouk, Marino Romano, Nikolaos Rompotis, Manfredi Ronzani, Lydia Roos, Stefano Rosati, Rosin, Guy, Benjamin Rosser, Eleonora Rossi, Elvira Rossi, Leonardo Rossi, LORENZO ROSSINI, Rachel, Marina Rotaru, Benjamin Rottler, David Rousseau, Giulia Rovelli, Avik Roy, Debarati Roy, Alexandre Rozanov, Yoram Rozen, Ruan, Xifeng, Tristan Ruggeri, Frederik Ruehr, Arantxa Ruiz Martínez, Andre Rummler, Zuzana Rurikova, Nikolai Russakovich, Heather Russell, Lennart Rustige, Rutherfoord, J., Elias Ruettinger, Rybar, Martin, Grigori Rybkin, Eli Baverfjord Rye, Andrey Ryzhov, Jorge Andres Sabater, Paolo Sabatini, Luigi Sabetta, sabrina sacerdoti, Hartmut Sadrozinski, Renat Sadykov, Francesco Safai Tehrani, batool safarzadeh samani, Murtaza Safdari, Puja Saha, Shreya Saha, Merve Sahinsoy, Arunika Sahu, Matthias Saimpert, Masahiko Saito, Tomoyuki Saito, Hiroshi Sakamoto, Salamani, Dalila, Giuseppe Salamanna, Andrei Salnikov, Salt Jose, Adrian Salvador Salas, Daniela Salvatore, Fabrizio Salvatore, Antonio Salvucci, Andreas Salzburger, Samarati, Jerome, Dirk Sammel, Sampsonidis, Dimitrios, Despoina Sampsonidou, Javier Sanchez, Arturo Rodolfo Sanchez Pineda, Heidi Sandaker, Christian Sander, Izaac Sanderswood, Marisa Sandhoff, Carlos Sandoval, David Sankey, Mario Sannino, Andrea Sansoni, claudio santoni, Helena Santos, Sai Neha Santpur, Arka Santra, Kamal Saoucha, Andrey Sapronov, Saraiva, J. 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N., Smirnova, Oxana, Emily Smith, Hayden Smith, Maria Smizanska, Karel Smolek, Andrzej Smykiewicz, Andrei Snesarev, Hella Snoek, Ian Snyder, scott snyder, Randall Sobie, Abner Soffer, Andreas Søgaard, Fabian Sohns, Carlos Antonio Solans Sanchez, Evgeny Soldatov, Alexander Solodkov, Alexei Soloshenko, Oleg Solovyanov, Victor Solovyev, Philip Sommer, Hyungsuk Son, Anil Sonay, Weimin Song, Wen Yi Song, Andre Sopczak, Sopio, Alexander Linus, Filomena Sopkova, Simone Sottocornola, Rachik Soualah, Andrey Sukharev, David South, stefania spagnolo, Margherita Spalla, Martin Spangenberg, Francesco Spanò, Dennis Sperlich, Thomas Spieker, GIANCARLO SPIGO, Mario Spina, Dwayne Spiteri, Martin Spousta, Alberto Stabile, Brianna Dwyer, Rainer Stamen, Marko Stamenkovic, Alexios Stampekis, Ewa Stanecka, Beojan Stanislaus, Marcel Stanitzki, Migle Stankaityte, Birgit Stapf, Evgeny Starchenko, Giordon Stark, Jan Stark, Pavel Staroba, Pavel Starovoitov, Steffen Stärz, Rafał Staszewski, Georgios Stavropoulos, Stegler, Martin, Peter Steinberg, Amanda Steinhebel, Bernd Stelzer, Joerg Stelzer, Oliver Stelzer-Chilton, Hasko Stenzel, Thomas Stevenson, Stewart, Graeme A., Mark Stockton, Gabriel Stoicea, Stolarski, M., Stefan Stonjek, Arno Straessner, Jonas Strandberg, Sara Strandberg, Michael Strauss, Thomas Strebler, Pavol Strizenec, Raimund Ströhmer, David Strom, Ryszard Stroynowski, Antonia Strubig, Stefania Stucci, Bjarne Stugu, Iii, John Stupak, Nicholas Styles, Dong Su, Wanyun Su, Xiaowen Su, VLADIMIR SULIN, Matthew Sullivan, Sultan, D. M. S., Saleh Sultansoy, Toshi Sumida, Siyuan Sun, Xiaohu Sun, Carl Joseph Edmund Suster, Mark Sutton, Shota Suzuki, Michal Svatos, Maximilian Swiatlowski, Swift, Stewart Patrick, Thorben Swirski, Sydorenko, Alexander, Ivan Sykora, Martin Sykora, Tomáš Sýkora, Duc Bao Ta, Kerstin Tackmann, Kinghorn-Taenzer, Joseph Peter, Anyes Taffard, Reda Tafirout, Emin Tagiev, Takashima, Ryuichi, Kosuke Takeda, Tohru Takeshita, Emily Takeva, Yosuke Takubo, Mossadek Talby, Talyshev, Alexey, Tam, Kai Chung, Tamir, Nadav Michael, Junichi Tanaka, Reisaburo Tanaka, Sebastian Tapia, Stefan Tapprogge, Ahmed Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, Shlomit Tarem, Khuram Tariq, Grigore Tarna, Giuseppe Francesco Tartarelli, Petr Tas, Marek Tasevsky, Tassi, Enrico, Tavares Delgado, Ademar, yahya tayalati, Alan Taylor, GEOFFREY TAYLOR, Wendy Taylor, Teagle, Hamish, Tee, Amy Selvi, Rafael Teixeira de Lima, Pedro Teixeira-Dias, Ten Kate, Herman, Jia Jian Teoh, Koji Terashi, JUAN TERRON, Stefano Terzo, Marianna Testa, Richard Teuscher, Savannah Thais, Neofytos Themistokleous, Timothée Theveneaux-Pelzer, Thiele, Fabian A. J., Thomas, David William, Thomas, James Oscar, Juergen Thomas, Emily Anne Thompson, Paul Thompson, Evelyn Thomson, Edward Thorpe, Royer Edson Ticse Torres, Vladimir Tikhomirov, Yuriy Tikhonov, Timoshenko, Sergey, Paul Tipton, Sylvain Tisserant, Kazuki Todome, Sarka Todorova, Todt, Stefanie, Junji Tojo, Stanislav Tokar, Katsuo Tokushuku, Emma Tolley, Rupert Tombs, Kehinde Tomiwa, Makoto Tomoto, Lauren Tompkins, Peter Tornambe, Eric Torrence, Heberth Torres, Emma Torro Pastor, Mariana Toscani, Cecilia Tosciri, Jozsef Toth, Daniel Tovey, Traeet, Are Sivertsen, Colleen Treado, Thomas Trefzger, Fabio Tresoldi, Alessandro, Isabel Trigger, Sophie Trincaz-Duvoid, Dominique Trischuk, Trischuk, William, Trocme, Benjamin, Artur Trofymov, Clara Troncon, Fabrizio Trovato, Thi Ngoc Loan Truong, Maciej Trzebinski, Adam Trzupek, Fang-Ying Tsai, Jeffrey Tseng, Tsiareshka, Pavel, Apostolos Tsirigotis, Vakhtang Tsiskaridze, Tskhadadze, Edisher, MARIA EVANTHIA TSOPOULOU, Ilya Tsukerman, Vakhtang Tsulaia, Soshi Tsuno, Dmitri Tsybychev, Tu, Y., Alexandra Tudorache, Valentina Tudorache, Tulbure, Traian Tiberiu, Alexander Tuna, Semen Turchikhin, Daniel Turgeman, Turk Cakir, Ilkay, Turner, Russell James, Ruggero Turra, Philip Tuts, Tzamarias, Spyros, Eftychia Tzovara, Uchida, Kenta, Fumihiko Ukegawa, Guillaume Unal, Mesut Ünal, Alexander Undrus, Unel, Gokhan, Francesca Ungaro, Yoshinobu Unno, Kenta Uno, Jozef Urban, PHILLIP URQUIJO, Giulio Usai, zekeriya uysal, Vacek, Vaclav, Brigitte Vachon, Knut Oddvar Høie Vadla, Theodoros Vafeiadis, Amal Vaidya, Chrysostomos Valderanis, Eduardo Valdes Santurio, Marco Valente, Sara Valentinetti, Alberto Valero, Loïc Valéry, Robert Vallance, Vallier, Alexis Roger Louis, Valls Ferrer, Juan Antonio, Tal van Daalen, Peter van Gemmeren, Samuel Van Stroud, Ivo van Vulpen, Marco Vanadia, Wainer Vandelli, Maxence Vandenbroucke, Evan Van de Wall, Aleksandr Vanyashin, damiano vannicola, Riccardo Vari, Erich Varnes, Carlo Varni, Tulin Varol, Dimitris Varouchas, Kevin Varvell, Matei-Eugen Vasile, Gerardo Vasquez, François Vazeille, David Vázquez Furelos, Tamara Vazquez Schroeder, Jason Veatch, Valentina Vecchio, Michiel Veen, Laurelle Maria Veloce, Filipe Veloso, Stefano Veneziano, Andrea Ventura, Andrii Verbytskyi, Valerio Vercesi, Monica Verducci, Vergel Infante, Carlos Miguel, Christos Vergis, Verkerke, Wouter, Ambrosius Vermeulen, Jos Vermeulen, Caterina Vernieri, Pim Verschuuren, Michel Vetterli, Nicolás Viaux, Trevor Vickey, Oana Vickey Boeriu, Georg Viehhauser, Luigi Vigani, Mauro Villa, Miguel Villaplana Perez, Villhauer, Elena Michelle, Elisabetta Vilucchi, Manuella Vincter, Govindraj Singh Virdee, Akanksha Vishwakarma, Camilla Vittori, Iacopo Vivarelli, Marcelo Vogel, Petr Vokac, Stefan von Buddenbrock, Eckhard von Toerne, Vít Vorobel, Konstantin Vorobev, Marcel Vos, Joost Vossebeld, Vozak, Matous, Nenad Vranjes, Marija Vranjes Milosavljevic, Vrba, Vaclav, Vreeswijk, Marcel, Ngoc Khanh Vu, Vuillermet, Raphael, Ilija Vukotic, Sayaka Wada, Peter Wagner, Wolfgang Wagner, Jeannine Wagner-Kuhr, Shayma Wahdan, Hernan Wahlberg, Wakasa, Rena, Verena Maria Walbrecht, James Walder, Rodney Walker, Walker, Stuart Derek, Wolfgang Walkowiak, Wallangen, Veronica, Ann Wang, Alex Wang, Chen Wang, Chenliang Wang, Wang, Fuquan, HAICHEN WANG, Hulin Wang, Wang, Jiawei, Peilong Wang, Wang, Qing, Ren-Jie Wang, Rongkun Wang, Rui Wang, Song-Ming Wang, Weitao Wang, Wei Wang, Wenxiao Wang, Yufeng Wang, Zirui Wang, Chaowaroj Wanotayaroj, Andreas Warburton, Pat Ward, Robert Ward, Neil Warrack, Alan Watson, Miriam Watson, Gordon Watts, Ben Waugh, Aaron Webb, Christian Weber, Michele Weber, Stephen Weber, Sebastian Weber, Anthony Weidberg, Jens Weingarten, Marcel Weirich, Christian Weiser, Pippa Wells, Torre Wenaus, Björn Wendland, Thorsten Wengler, Wenig, Siegfried, Norbert Wermes, Martin Wessels, Weston, Thomas Daniel, Kathleen Whalen, Wharton, Andrew Mark, Aaron White, Andrew White, Martin White, Daniel Whiteson, Ben Whitmore, Werner 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Yi-Lin Yang, Yang, Zhe, Wei-Ming Yao, Yee Chinn Yap, Elena Yatsenko, Hanfei Ye, Jingbo Ye, Shuwei Ye, Ivan Yeletskikh, Melissa Yexley, Efe Yigitbasi, Pengqi Yin, Kohei Yorita, Keisuke Yoshihara, Christopher Young, Charles Young, Jie Yu, Rui Yuan, Xiaoguang Yue, Mohamed Zaazoua, Bartłomiej Żabiński, Georgios Zacharis, Ettore Zaffaroni, Jad Mathieu Sardain, Alexandre Zaitsev, Tamar Zakareishvili, Nataliia Zakharchuk, Stefano Zambito, Daniele Zanzi, Sonja Verena Zeißner, Christian Zeitnitz, Gabija Zemaityte, Jian Cong Zeng, Oleg Zenin, Tibor Zenis, Dirk Zerwas, Miha Zgubic, Zhang, Bowen, Dengfeng Zhang, Gang Zhang, Jinlong Zhang, Kaili Zhang, Lei Zhang, Liqing Zhang, Matt Zhang, Rui Zhang, Zhang, Shuzhou, Xiangke Zhang, xueyao zhang, Yu Zhang, Zhang, Zhidong, Zhiqing Zhang, Pingchuan Zhao, Zhao, Zhengguo, Alexey Zhemchugov, Zheng, Zhi, Dewen Zhong, Zhou, Bing, Chen Zhou, Hao Zhou, Maosen Zhou, Mingliang Zhou, Ning Zhou, Zhou, You, chengguang zhu, Chenzheng Zhu, Heling Zhu, Hongbo Zhu, Junjie Zhu, Yingchun Zhu, Xuai Zhuang, Konstantin Zhukov, Vladimir Zhulanov, Daria Zieminska, Nikolai Zimine, Stephanie Zimmermann, Zinonos, Zinonas, Ziolkowski, Michael, Lidija Zivkovic, Georg Zobernig, Antonio Zoccoli, Knut Zoch, Theodore Georgio Zorbas, Rui Zou, and Lukasz Zwalinski more...

50. Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at ${\sqrt{s} = 13}$ TeV measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Author

Georges Aad, Braden Abbott, Dale Abbott, Adam Abed Abud, Kira Abeling, Deshan Abhayasinghe, Syed Haider Abidi, Ossama Sherif Alexander AbouZeid, Abraham, Nicola Louise, Halina Abramowicz, Abreu, Henso, Yiming Abulaiti, Bobby Acharya, Baida Achkar, SHUNSUKE ADACHI, Lennart Adam, Claire Bourdarios, Leszek Adamczyk, Lukas Adamek, Jahred Adelman, Adersberger, Michael, Aytul Adiguzel, Sofia Adorni Braccesi Chiassi, Tim Adye, Anthony Affolder, Yoav Afik, Christina Agapopoulou, Merve Nazlim Agaras, Anamika Aggarwal, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra, Faig Ahmadov, waleed syed ahmed, Xiaocong Ai, Giulio Aielli, Shunichi Akatsuka, Torsten Akesson, ECE AKILLI, Andrey Akimov, konie al khoury, Gian Luigi Alberghi, Justin Albert, Maria Josefina Alconada Verzini, Sara Alderweireldt, Martin Aleksa, Igor Alexandrov, Calin Alexa, Alexandre, Didier, Theodoros Alexopoulos, Alice Alfonsi, Muhammad Alhroob, Babar Ali, Gianluca Alimonti, John Alison, Alkire, Steve, Corentin Allaire, Benedict Allbrooke, Benjamin Allen, Philip Allport, Alberto Aloisio, Alejandro Alonso, Francisco Alonso, Cristiano Alpigiani, Alshehri, Azzah Aziz, Manuel Alvarez Estevez, Damián Álvarez Piqueras, Mariagrazia Alviggi, Yara Coutinho, Alessandro Ambler, Luca Ambroz, Amelung, Christoph, Dante Amidei, Susana Amor Santos, Simone Amoroso, Amrouche, Cherifa Sabrina, Fenfen An, Christos Anastopoulos, Nansi Andari, Timothy Andeen, Christoph Falk Anders, John Anders, Andreazza, Attilio, Andrei, Victor, Anelli, Christopher Ryan, Stylianos Angelidakis, Aaron Angerami, Alexey Anisenkov, Alberto Annovi, Claire Antel, Matthew Anthony, Mario Antonelli, Daniel Antrim, Fabio Anulli, Masato Aoki, Javier Alberto Aparisi Pozo, Ludovica Aperio Bella, Arabidze, Giorgi, Juan Pedro Araque Espinosa, Victor Araujo Ferraz, Pereira, Rodrigo, Chiara Arcangeletti, Ayana Holloway Arce, Arduh, Francisco Anuar, Jean-Francois Arguin, Spyridon Argyropoulos, Jan-Hendrik Arling, Aaron Armbruster, Alexander Armstrong, Olivier Arnaez, Hannah Arnold, Giacomo Artoni, Artz, Sebastian, Shoji Asai, Nedaa Alexandra Asbah, Eleni Myrto Asimakopoulou, lily asquith, Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle, Robert Astalos, Ryan Atkin, Atkinson, Markus Julian, Naim Bora Atlay, Atmani, Hicham, Kamil Augsten, Giuseppe Avolio, Rachel Maria Avramidou, Mohamad Kassem Ayoub, Azoulay, Adam, Georges Azuelos, Baca, Matt, Henri Bachacou, Konstantinos Bachas, Moritz Backes, Filip Backman, Paolo Bagnaia, Bahrasemani, Sina, Adam Bailey, Virginia Bailey, John Baines, Milena Bajic, Christos Bakalis, Oliver Baker, Pepijn Bakker, Debottam BakshiGupta, Shyam Balaji, Evgenii Baldin, Petr Balek, Fabrice Balli, William Balunas, Johannes Balz, Elżbieta Banaś, Anjishnu Bandyopadhyay, swagato banerjee, Arwa Bannoura, Liron Barak, William Barbe, Elisabetta Barberio, Dario Barberis, Marlon, Barillari Teresa, Martin Barisits, Jason Barkeloo, Timothy Barklow, Barnea, Rotem, Barnes, Sarah Louise, Bruce Barnett, Michael Barnett, Zuzana Blenessy, Antonio Baroncelli, Gaetano Barone, Alan Barr, Laura Barranco Navarro, Fernando Barreiro, Joao Guimaraes da Costa, Sergey Barsov, Rainer Bartoldus, Giovanni Bartolini, Adam Barton, Pavol Bartos, Artem Basalaev, Ahmed Bassalat, richard bates, Batista, Santiago, Batlamous, Souad, Richard Batley, Binish Batool, Battaglia, Marco, Matteo Bauce, Florian Bauer, Bauer, Kevin Thomas, Bawa, Harinder Singh, James Beacham, Tristan Beau, Pierre-Hugues Beauchemin, Fabian Becherer, Philip Bechtle, Beck, Helge Christoph, Hans Peter Beck, Kathrin Becker, Becker, Maurice, Cyril Becot, Beddall, Ayda, Andrew Beddall, Vadim Bednyakov, Matteo Bedognetti, Christopher Bee, Thomas Beermann, Marcia Begalli, Michael Begel, Arabinda Behera, Katharina Behr, J., Florian Beisiegel, Andrew Bell, Gideon Bella, Lorenzo Bellagamba, Alain Bellerive, Panagiotis Bellos, Konstantin Beloborodov, Konstantin Belotsky, Nikita Belyaev, Driss Benchekroun, Nektarios Benekos, yan benhammou, Douglas Benjamin, Mathieu Benoit, James Bensinger, Stan Bentvelsen, Lydia Beresford, Matteo Mario Beretta, David Berge, Elin Bergeaas Kuutmann, Nicolas Berger, Benedikt Ludwig Bergmann, Laura, Juerg Beringer, Simon, Nathan Bernard, Gregorio Bernardi, Catrin Bernius, Florian Bernlochner, Tracey Berry, Peter Berta, Claudia Bertella, Iain Alexander Bertram, Geert-Jan Besjes, Olga Bessidskaia Bylund, Nathalie Besson, Agni Bethani, Siegfried Bethke, Alessandra Betti, Adrian Bevan, Julien-Christopher Beyer, Bi, Runyu, Riccardo Maria Bianchi, Otmar Biebel, Dustin Biedermann, Rafal Bielski, Katharina Bierwagen, Nicolò Vladi Biesuz, Michela Biglietti, Thomas Billoud, Marcello Bindi, Ahmet Bingul, Cesare Bini, Silvia Biondi, Mattias Birman, Bisanz, Tobias, Jyoti Prakash Biswal, Diptaparna Biswas, Alexander Bitadze, Carsten Bittrich, Kristian Bjørke, Kevin Black, Tomas Blazek, Ingo Bloch, Craig Blocker, Andrew Blue, Ulla Blumenschein, gerard jan bobbink, Viktor Bobrovnikov, Bocchetta, Simona, Andrea Bocci, Danijela Bogavac, Alexander Bogdanchikov, Bohm, Christian, Veronique Boisvert, Petar Bokan, Tomasz Bold, Alexey Boldyrev, Arthur Eugen Bolz, Marco Bomben, Marcella Bona, Johan Bonilla, Maarten Boonekamp, Hanna Borecka-Bielska, Borisov, Anatoli, Guennadi Borissov, Jonathan Bortfeldt, Daniela Bortoletto, Bortolotto, Valerio, Davide Boscherini, Martine Bosman, Jonathan David Bossio Sola, Khalil Bouaouda, Joseph Boudreau, Evelina Bouhova-Thacker, Boumediene, Djamel, Sarah Boutle, Antonio Boveia, James Boyd, Diallo Boye, Igor Boyko, Adam Bozson, Juraj Bracinik, Brahimi, Nihal, Gerhard Immanuel Brandt, Oleg Brandt, Früd Braren, Benjamin Brau, Brau, James E., Breaden Madden, Will, Kurt Brendlinger, Lydia Brenner, Richard Brenner, Shikma Bressler, Bernard Brickwedde, Daniel Briglin, David Britton, Britzger Daniel, Ian Brock, Raymond Brock, Gustaaf Brooijmans, William Brooks, Elizabeth Brost, James Broughton, Pawel Bruckman de Renstrom, Dusan Bruncko, Alessia Bruni, Graziano Bruni, Lucrezia Stella Bruni, Salvatore bruno, Benjamin Brunt, Marco Bruschi, Nello Bruscino, Patrick Bryant, Lene Kristian Bryngemark, Trygve Buanes, Quentin Buat, Peter Buchholz, Andy Buckley, Ioulian Budagov, Magnar Kopangen Bugge, Felix Bührer, Oleg Bulekov, Tyler James Burch, Sergey Burdin, Carsten Burgard, Angela Burger, Blake Burghgrave, Jonathan Burr, Jackson Burzynski, Volker Buescher, Buschmann, Eric, peter bussey, John Butler, Craig Buttar, Jonathan Butterworth, Butti, Pierfrancesco, William Buttinger, Adrian Buzatu, Alexey Buzykaev, Grazia Cabras, Susana Cabrera Urbán, Davide Caforio, Huacheng Cai, Valentina Maria Martina Cairo, Cakir, Orhan, Noemi Calace, Paolo Calafiura, Calandri Alessandro, Giovanni Calderini, Philippe Calfayan, Giuseppe Callea, Caloba, Luiz, Sergio Calvente Lopez, David Calvet, Samuel Calvet, Thomas Calvet, Milene Calvetti, Reina Coromoto Camacho Toro, Stefano Camarda, Daniel Camarero, Paolo Camarri, David Cameron, Roger Caminal Armadans, Clément Camincher, Campana, Simone, Mario Campanelli, Alessandra Camplani, Angel Campoverde, Vincenzo Canale, Auriane Canesse, Marc Bret Cano, Josu Cantero García, Tingting Cao, Yumeng Cao, Mar Capeans, Marcella Capua, Roberto Cardarelli, Fabio Cardillo, Giovandomenico Carducci, Ina Carli, Tancredi Carli, Gianpaolo Carlino, Benjamin Carlson, LEONARDO CARLO CARMINATI, Rebecca Carney, Sascha, Edson Carquin, SONIA CARRA, Joseph Carter, María Pilar Casado Lechuga, Casha, Albert Francis, David Casper, Castelijn, Remco Johannes, Florencia Luciana Castillo, Maria Victoria Castillo, Nuno Castro, Andrea Catinaccio, James Catmore, Cattai, Ariella, Julien Caudron, Viviana Cavaliere, Emanuele Cavallaro, Vincenzo Cavasinni, Emre Celebi, Leonor Cerda Alberich, Karel Černý, Augusto Cerqueira, alessandro cerri, Lucio Cerrito, Fabio Cerutti, Alberto Cervelli, SERKANT ALİ ÇETİN, Zakaria Chadi, dhiman chakraborty, Chan, Stephen Kam-Wah, Wing Sheung Chan, Chan, Wai Yuen, John Chapman, Bakar Chargeishvili, David Charlton, Thomas Charman, Chav Chhiv Chau, Siinn Che, Chegwidden, Andrew Mc Rae, Sergei Chekanov, Sergey Chekulaev, SHELKOV GEORGY, Magda Anna Chelstowska, Boping Chen, Chen, Cheng, Chunhui Chen, Hucheng Chen, Jing Chen, jue chen, Shion Chen, Shenjian Chen, Xin Chen, Ye Chen, Chen Yu-Heng, Hok-Chuen Cheng, Huajie Cheng, Alexander Cheplakov, Evgeniya Cheremushkina, Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, Elliott Cheu, Kingman Cheung, Thibault Chevalerias, laurent chevalier, Vitaliano Chiarella, Giorgio Chiarelli, Gabriele Chiodini, Andrew Chisholm, Adrian Chitan, Chiu, I-Huan, Yu Him Justin Chiu, Mihail Chizhov, KYUNGEON CHOI, Arthur Chomont, Chouridou, Sofia, Chow, Edwin, Ming-chung Chu, Xiaotong Chu, Jiri Chudoba, Annabelle Chuinard, Janusz Chwastowski, Chytka, Ladislav, Krzysztof Cieśla, Diane Cinca, Vladimir Cindro, Irina Cioara, Alessandra Ciocio, Francesco Cirotto, Zvi Citron, Mauro Citterio, Ciubotaru, Dan Andrei, Bianca Ciungu, Allan Clark, Michael Clark, Philip Clark, Christophe Clement, Yann Coadou, marina cobal, Andrea Coccaro, 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