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Background This study was to investigate the frequency of self-reported dizziness symptom in cases with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and the severity of dizziness, if any, by using various scales. The frequency and severity of the self-reported dizziness symptom of CCHF patients, level of disability caused by dizziness, and to what extent vestibular symptoms affected activities of daily living were assessed by various scales. The frequency and severity of the self-reported dizziness symptom of CCHF patients, level of disability caused by dizziness, and to what extent vestibular symptoms affected activities of daily living were assessed by various scales. Results The frequency of dizziness in CCHF cases included in the study was 11.11% and all the cases were involved in the mild category in terms of disease severity. When the results of the scales applied to all of the cases were evaluated in general, it was seen that there was no vertigo or dizziness. Conclusion According to the results of the present study, we consider that multicenter studies with large series investigating pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these clinical symptoms are needed in order to evaluate dizziness symptom and to make definitive interpretations in CCHF disease.

Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency of anatomical variations in sinonasal region, which were frequently seen in our cases, for whom coronal section paranasal computed tomography imaging (CPNCT) was taken, as well as the correlation of these variations with age and gender and correlations of identified anatomical variations with one another. In the study, CBCT scans of a total of 1532 (825 males and 707 females) cases were evaluated in order to determine the prevalence of anatomical variations of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. All the images were taken by a multi-detector CT device (Aquilion, Toshiba medical system, Tokyo, Japan). Results Most frequently detected three anatomical variations were septum deviation (79.7%), concha bullosa (40.9%), and ethmoid bulla (21.0%) according to the frequency order. When the frequency of anatomical variations was evaluated according to gender, septum deviation, concha bullosa, and anterior clinoid process pneumatization were more frequently observed in males and Onodi cell in females (p < 0.05). When the relationships of the anatomical variations with one another were evaluated, it was found that the possibility of the presence of concha bullosa in the septum deviation cases and the presence of ethmoid bulla in the cases with Haller cell septum were higher (p < 0.05). In terms of the anatomical variations that were evaluated by taking age as the independent variable, a statistically significant difference was observed in pterygoid process pneumatization, Haller cell, pneumatized crista galli, ethmoid bulla, and paradoxical middle concha between the adult and children age groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion In terms of the frequency of occurrence to various sinonasal region variations, statistically significant differences were observed between both genders and age groups. The correlations of the detected variations with each other were also remarkable. Consequently, it is believed that comprehensive studies and serious objective evaluations evaluating the change of frequency of anatomical variations according to age and gender besides their correlation with each other are required.

Objective Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the causes of death among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The T peak to T end interval (Tp-e interval) is a parameter that is used in the prediction of SCD. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in Tp-e interval and Tp: QT and Tp: corrected QT interval (QTc) ratios between patients infected with HIV and healthy individuals as well as in other factors affecting patients infected with HIV. Methods A total of 83 patients infected with HIV with negative HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels who were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 83 healthy individuals were included in this study. All the participants underwent electrocardiography, their Tp-e and QT intervals were measured, and QTc intervals and Tp-e: QT and Tp-e: QTc ratios were calculated. In addition, in the patients infected with HIV, CD4 and CD8 T-cell count and HIV RNA levels were measured. Results The Tp-e interval was found to be longer and the Tp-e: QT and Tp-e: QTc ratios were found to be higher in patients infected with HIV. Nadir CD4 was observed to be an independent predictor of Tp-e interval (p=0.014, β=‒0.28). Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation of the nadir CD4 level and CD4: CD8 ratio with Tp-e interval and Tp-e: QT ratio. Conclusion Low nadir CD4 and a reversed CD4: CD8 ratio in patients infected with HIV receiving ART were found to be associated with a prolonged Tp-e interval and increased Tp-e: QT and Tp-e: QTc ratios. Thus, more attention should be taken in terms of SCD in patients infected with HIV, especially in those with low nadir CD4 and reversed CD4: CD8 ratio.

Objectives Nilotinib has very few side effects, including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, cardiotoxicity, high pancreatic lipase, ischemia, and vascular occlusion. We aimed to investigate whether short-term administration of nilotinib had ototoxic effects in rats. Materials and methods Wistar-albino rats were categorized into three groups: group C (administered 0.25 mL of distilled water, no nilotinib), group N-20 (administered 20 mg/kg/day of nilotinib dissolved in distilled water), and group N-50 (administered 50 mg/kg/day of nilotinib dissolved in distilled water). A single dose was administered once per day, at the same hour, over 21 days. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were recorded on day 0 and day 21. Results There were no changes in ABR threshold values obtained on day 0 (baseline) and on day 21 across all three groups. A statistically significant difference was not found in terms of the mean latency of waves V and III, interpeak latency values of waves III-V, and amplitude ratios of waves III-V and V/Va at baseline and on day 21 across all three groups on within-group or between-group evaluation. Conclusion Consequently, further studies are needed that involve different drug doses, prolonged administration of drugs, as well as distortion otoacoustic emission test for the evaluation of cochlear activation and ABR. Furthermore, histopathological studies are needed to indicate whether the cochlea is affected to prove that nilotinib has definitively no ototoxic effect.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of GJB2, GJB3, and GJB6 gene mutations in non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) cases living in Sivas region, to provide appropriate genetic counseling for cases who were found to have mutation, and to contribute to decrease the frequency of mutant allele in the next generation and plan treatment and rehabilitation with early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 53 unrelated cases that were diagnosed with congenital NSHL between June 2009 and March 2010. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification method was used for genotyping of GJB2, GJB3, and GJB6 gene mutations. RESULTS: Heterozygous 35delG variant was determined in 1.9% (n=1) of cases, homozygous 35delG in 15.1% (n=8), heterozygous IVS1+1G>A mutation in 1.9% (n=1), compound heterozygous in 3.8% (n=2), and homozygous IVS1+1G>A variant in 3.8% (n=2). None of the cases had mutation in GJB3 and GJB6 genes. Mutated allele frequencies in the present study were found to be 17.9% for 35delG and 6.6% for IVS1+1G>A. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that 35delG mutation is the most common variant in the Sivas region, and that IVS1+1G>A mutation should be investigated in hearing loss. Another result of the present study was that genetic analyzes would allow early diagnosis of hearing impairments particularly when infants whose parents have consanguinity do not pass the newborn hearing screening.

The aim is to investigate the contribution of the PNIF test in daily clinical practices in the objective evaluation of the early postoperative functional results of septoplasty and the effect of the severity, direction, and type of nasal septum deviation on mean PNIF values. Nasal septum deviation (NSDs) of the cases were grouped according to the Mladina classification and the severity of NSDs. An objective evaluation of the nasal airway was conducted via a peak flowmeter device in the preoperative and postoperative first month. When examining the mean PNIF values according to genders, it was observed that the values determined in male cases in the preoperative and postoperative period were higher. In the intragroup evaluation performed according the Mladina classification, a statistically significant increase was observed in the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the cases in Types 1–4. In the intragroup evaluation performed according to the severity of NSD, there was a significant increase in the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the mild and moderate cases. When comparing the preoperative and postoperative PNIF values of the groups in terms of the severity of NSD, it was observed that there was a significant difference. The PNIF can be used in routine clinical practices to evaluate the septoplasty results objectively. In the evaluation of functional results, the change in the mean PNIF values may also vary according to the direction and severity of septum deviation and the Mladina classification other than age, gender and ethnic origin.

Yazıcı, Haşmet (Balikesir Author), Object: To prepare a national guideline for Oto-rhinolaryngologist who treat allergic rhinitis patients Methods: The study was conducted by three authors, namely the writing support team. The support team made the study plan, determined the writing instructions, chose the subgroups including the advisory committee, the advisors for authors and the authors. A workshop was organized at the very beginning to explain the details of the study to the team. Advisors took the chance to meet their coworkers in their subgroups and determined the main headings and subheadings of the guideline, together with the authors. After key words were determined by the authors, literature search was done in various databases. The authors keep in touch with the advisors and the advisors with the advisory committee and the support group at every stage of the study. National and International published articles as well as the abstracts of unpublished studies, imperatively presented in National Congresses, were included in this guideline. Only Guideline and meta-analyses published in last seven years (2013- 2017) and randomized controlled studies published in last two years (2015- 2017) were included. After all work was completed by the subgroups, support team brought all work together and edited the article. Results: A detailed guideline about all aspects of allergic rhinitis was created. Conclusion: The authors believe that this guideline will enable a compact and up-to-date information on allergic rhinitis to healthcare professionals. This guideline is the first in the field of Otolaryngology in Turkey. It should be updated at regular intervals.

Some researchers have suggested that olfactory deficits might be a sensitive marker for depression in adults. However, olfactory function has not been well studied in relation to depression among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of depression on olfactory function of adolescents. The olfactory threshold, odor identification, and discrimination abilities of adolescents aged 12 to 17 (43 adolescents with major depressive disorder and 43 healthy controls) alongside their sum were evaluated using the Sniffin' Sticks extended test. Olfactory scores were similar between the groups. However, depressed adolescents perceived their own olfactory function scores significantly lower than the measured values. No correlation was found between olfactory scores and age, sex, severity of depression, and duration of depression. This study conducted with a small sample size revealed that olfactory function of the adolescents with depression was similar to olfactory function of the healthy adolescents. It is required to conduct further adequately powered, longitudinal studies in order to verify these results.

Neurogenic inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. Highly effective in reducing the sensory irritation caused by some substances, strontium salts directly affect C-type nerve fibers. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of mometasone furoate and strontium chloride on early-phase symptoms in a rat model of allergic rhinitis. Wistar albino rats (n = 24) were randomly divided into three groups: the mometasone group, receiving 1 μg mometasone furoate (2 µl/site); the strontium 3% group, receiving 3% strontium chloride (2 μl/site); and the strontium 5% group, receiving 5% strontium chloride (2 μl/site). To induce significant nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis, 5 µmol of histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) (2 µl/site) was administered. Symptoms of allergic rhinitis were recorded as frequencies of sneezing and nasal rubbing during a 15-minute interval. On days 1 and 2, respectively, 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) (2 μl/site to each nasal cavity) and HDC were administered in all of the study groups. On days 3 and 4, the study drugs were administered 10 and 30 minutes before the administration of HDC. On day 5, the study drugs were administered 10 minutes after the administration of HDC. The results of the present study revealed that when strontium chloride or mometasone furoate was administered 30 minutes before the onset of symptoms, a significant decrease was observed in sneezing and nasal rubbing. The number of sneezing occurrences was significantly lower and the number of nasal rubbing occurrences was higher in the strontium 3% group compared to the groups in which mometasone furoate and 5% strontium chloride were administered after onset of symptoms. Recent studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of strontium chloride nasal drops compared with common pharmacologic treatments of allergic rhinitis. These studies have revealed that allergic rhinitis can be successfully and safely treated with strontium-chloride-containing products, thus offering a potential new treatment strategy.

WOS: 000404297100006, PubMed ID: 29392059, Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the results of the transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) test used in neonatal hearing screening and the results of the umbilical cord blood (UCB) analysis in neonates. Methods: This retrospective study included 209 neonates born in the obstetric unit at the 37th gestational week. Based on the results of the TEOAE test, the neonates included in the study were divided into two groups as the study group composed of those "REFER" (n=141) and the control group consisting those "PASS" (n=68) the test. The UCB sampling procedure was performed on all neonates. In the blood samples, the pH parameters were evaluated by using glass electrodes, and the pCO(2) and pO(2) parameters were evaluated directly by using sensitive electrodes. Results: When the additional maternal diseases were compared with the TEOAE results, the ratio of hypoth-yroidism was found to be statistically higher in the study group (p0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the results of UCB analysis and the TEOAE test. However, we believe that conducting a larger study evaluating other parameters and employing UCB analysis would be useful, and UCB evaluation, which is an inexpensive, easy and effective method in determining hypoxia in neonates, might be a significant marker in cases at risk of hearing loss.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an important health problem in Turkey. Number of studies on symptoms of ear nose throat system and indicating whether or not the organs are affected in patients with CCHF is limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether CCHF infections caused any change in nasal physiology in adult patients or not by using saccharin transit time (STT) and nasal symptom scoring. Twenty subjects with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of CCHF and 28 healthy control subjects were included in the present study. A saccharin test was used to evaluate nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) and the nasal symptom scoring used in allergic rhinitis was modified and used to examine the symptoms of the patients. The average STT of CCHF and control groups were 472.70 ± 151.58 and 276.07 ± 89.65 seconds, respectively. The difference between them was statistically significant (p = 0.00, p

Epistaxis is a common phenomenon in the emergency departments. Each year, nearly 5–10% of the public experience an active nasal bleeding. Among acute otorhinolaryngologic emergency disorders, epistaxis is the most common one and affects persons of all ages and both sexes. Its incidence is higher in males when compared to females. Most episodes are uncomplicated while 6% require medical attention. Epistaxis has a bimodal distribution with the frequency of occurrence peaking twice at the ages of 2–10 and 50–80. About 30% of children up to 5 years old have had at least one epistaxis. Its incidence is very low in babies and decreases after puberty. In autumn and winter, the incidence of epistaxis increases due to upper respiratory tract infections, overheating of closed areas, and lack of moisture. Epistaxis, which can be a severe or even fatal condition, refers to bleeding of nasal mucosa and is associated with significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Based on the primary bleeding site, epistaxis is defined as anterior or posterior. Typically, the origin of bleeding is the Kiesselbach’s plexus which is an anatomic network of vessels on the anterior portion of the nasal septum. Blood vessels within the nasal mucosa are superficial and therefore unprotected. In this chapter, management of epistaxis is discussed in all aspects.

Objective: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a multifactorial disorder, the pathogenesis of which has yet to be fully elucidated. Numerous aetiological factors, including genetics, eustachian tube dysfunction, autoimmunity, infection, osteoclastic activity, cytokines, endotoxins, and products of lipid peroxidation resulting from oxidative stress, have been proposed to explain the chronic inflammation which lies at the heart of the disorder. The aim of this study is to investigate a possible relationship between the pathogenesis of COM and polymorphism within the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene. Methods: We investigated 49 patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology Department and diagnosed with COM between September and November 2017. The control group consisted of 51 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to genotype the PON1 Q192R (rs662) polymorphism.Results: When the case and control groups were compared in terms of the existence of PON1 (Q192) polymorphism, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.166, p>0.05). When intergroup comparison was performed on the type of PON1 (Q192) polymorphism, there was also no statistically significant difference (p=0.261, p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study is the first known study in which PON1 polymorphism has been examined in cases of COM. The results of our study failed to indicate a statistically significant relationship between PON1 polymorphism and COM. However, it is important to note that the higher rate of 192RR polymorphism within the control group control may indicate a protective effect in COM.

Objectives: Two rats were excluded from the study. Because otitis media developing one rat in Group C (7th dayof the experiment) and bleeding-related death one rat in Group I-50 (14th day of the experiment). While the side effects of imatinib are investigated in the literature, it is remarkable that the case reports suggesting an ototoxic side effect also take place among the publications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not imatinib has any ototoxic effect on rats via auditory brainstem response (ABR) responses. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into three groups as Group C (0.25 mL/kg/day), Group I-30 (30 mg/kg/day), and Group I-50 (50 mg/kg/day). In the ABR record, hearing threshold, latency, amplitude, and interpeak latency values on test days were recorded and assessed. Results: In the assessment made in terms of mean V Wave latency within the group, a difference was determined at all stimulus intensities at 8 kHz in Group I-50 (P

Objective: The present study was to examine seasonal distribution of vertigo and to retrospectively investigate the correlations between vertigo and climatic variables in a region, where continental climate is dominant. Method: Fifty two cases, who applied to our clinic with the complaint of vertigo in between July 2015 and June 2017 and were diagnosed with peripheral vertigo, were included in the study. Meteorological parameters were obtained from YYY weather station. Results: When examining the distribution of the cases by seasons; it was determined that although the number of cases increased in the autumn months. A statistically significant correlation also was not determined between seasonal parameters evaluated and vertigo (p>0.05). When regression analysis individually was performed in terms of causality between climatic parameters and vertigo, the causality in all variables, except for the minimum air temperature during the period of evaluation, was found to be significant. When the difference between sudden short term changes in seasonal variables and the values identified on the day of episode was evaluated, there was a statistically significant difference for all parameters of evaluation except for precipitation (p

WOS: 000460932900013, PubMed ID: 29889054, BACKROUND: The exact etiopathogenesis of fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is still unclear but the pathogenesis of FM is associated with neurogenic inflammation. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammatory and immunological disease of the nasal mucosa. As a result, it is known that neurogenic inflammation has a role in the pathophysiology of both FM and AR. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate AR and nasal allergic inflammation using nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMC) in FM patients. METHODS: Forty-five FM patients and fifty healthy controls were included in the study. In both groups, AR was evaluated by total nasal symptom scoring (TNSS) and NMC was measured using saccharine transit time test (STT). RESULTS: TNSS was positive in 9 patients (20%) in the FM group and no positivity in the control group. In FM group, the mean value of TNSS was higher than that of the control group (p = 0.0001). The average value of STT of FM patients was statistically significantly longer when compared to the control group (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The results we obtained suggest that there is a high possibility of coexistence of FM and AR. As a result, the coexistence of AR and FM cannot be denied but we believe that comprehensive clinical studies should be conducted on this subject.

Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate hearing screening results of 3490 newborns who underwent newborn hearing screening between 2015-2017 in Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology, to asses deficiencies of our record system, and to share our retrospective results by comparing with the results in the literature. Material and Method Hearing screening results of infants who were born in Cumhuriyet University between March 2015 and February 2017, were referred to neonatal intensive care or transferred from other out-of-town or inner city hospitals to our university was retrospectively evaluated in the present study. Results There was a statistically significant difference for the left ear TEOAE test results and gender (p

WOS: 000444302900005, Objective: We aimed to investigate whether climatic conditions of the region where we live and meteorological parameters had any effect on pathogenesis and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) or not. Methods: Sixty-eight ISSHL patients, who were treated in our department, were evaluated retrospectively. Meteorological data, including monthly ambient, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and rainfall, were obtained from the observation station of the Central Weather Bureau of Sivas. The meteorological data for 10 days before the onset of the disorder and in a period of 21 days after the beginning of the treatment were used to investigate the relationship between climatic data and ISSNHL. Siegel's criteria were used to evaluate the treatment success. Results: The relationship between ISSNHL and seasons was observed to be statistically significant when the seasonal distributions of the cases were evaluated statistically (p

WOS: 000427835700005, PubMed ID: 28468507, Background: Numerous growth factors, cytokine, mitogen and chemotactic factors are involved in wound healing. Even though inflammation is important for the stimulation of proliferative phase, excessive inflammation also causes impairment in wound healing. Strontium salts suppress keratinocyte-induced TNF-alpha and interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in in vitro cultures. This study was conducted to determine the effects of administration of topical strontium chloride hexahydrate on wound healing through TNF-alpha and TGF-beta in surgical wound healing model of in-vivo rat skin.Material and methods: Twenty-four rats were used in the study. After approximately 2cm cutaneous-subcutaneous incision was horizontally carried out on the mid-neckline of the rats, the incision was again closed using 2.0 vicryl. The rats were assigned into three groups including eight rats in each group. Placebo emollient ointment and also the ointments, which were containing 5% and 10% strontium chloride hexahydrate and were prepared at the same base with placebo ointment, were administered to the groups by a blind executor twice a day for a week. At the end of seventh day, the rats were sacrificed and cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue of their wound site was resected for histopathological examination. Scoring of histopathological wound healing and scoring of tissue TNF-alpha and TGF-beta level with immunohistochemical staining were performed.Results: The groups, to which both 5% and 10% strontium chloride hexahydrate was administered, had lower immunohistochemical TNF-alpha levels and histopathological wound scores compared to controls, which was statistically significant (p

WOS: 000418448500004, PubMed ID: 29211352, Background. Mandibular fractures are the most common facial fractures. They can be treated by conservative techniques or by surgery. The authors hypothesized that the application of a single local dose of strontium chloride would accelerate the healing of subcondylar mandibular fractures, shorten the recovery time and prevent complications. Objectives. The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a single local dose of strontium chloride on the healing of subcondylar mandibular fractures in rats. Material and methods. This randomized experimental study was carried out on 24 male Wistar albino rats. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: experimental group 1, receiving 3% strontium chloride; experimental group 2, receiving 5% strontium chloride; and the control group. A full thickness surgical osteotomy was created in the subcondylar area. A single dose of strontium solution (0.3 cc/site) was administered locally by injection on the bone surfaces of the fracture line created. Nothing was administered to the control group. The mandibles were dissected on postoperative day 21. The fractured hemimandibles were submitted to histopathological examination. Results. The median bone fracture healing score was 9 (range: 7-9) in experimental group 1; 8 (range: 7-10) in experimental group 2; and 7.50 (range: 7-8) in the control group. When the groups were compared in terms of bone healing scores, there was a statistically significant difference between experimental group 1 and the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. This study is the first to show that local strontium may have positive effects on the healing of subcondylar mandibular fractures. In the authors' opinion, 3% strontium was beneficial for accelerating facial skeleton consolidation and bone regeneration in rat subcondylar mandibular fractures. This treatment procedure may be combined with closed fracture treatment or a conservative approach.

WOS: 000413402500001, Objective: The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a single local dose administration of humic acid on healing of subcondylar mandibular fractures in rats. Methods: In this study, a randomized experimental protocol was used. The study was conducted with 16 male Wistar-albino rats that were 16-18 weeks old. The rats (n=16) were randomly divided into two groups: Group HA received humic acid (0.3 cc/site, n=8) and Group C received no additional medical administration (control group, n=8). A full-thickness surgical osteotomy was performed in the subcondylar area. A single dose of humic acid (0.3 cc/site) was administered locally by spraying on the bone surfaces of the fracture line. Mandible was dissected on postoperative day 21. Then, fractured hemimandibles were obtained for histopathological examination. Results: The median score of bone fracture healing was 7.16 (range: 7 to 8) in the Group HA and 7.50 (range: 7 to 8) in the Group C. When the groups were compared in terms of bone healing scores, there was no statistical difference between the Group HA and the Group C (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that local administration of humic acid was not efficient for healing of bone fractures. However, we are of the opinion that it is required to conduct more comprehensive studies, including humic acid's different concentrations and administration manners, evaluating the effects of humic acid on tissue both histopathologically and in terms of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokine levels.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of hypothyroidism on hearing function in patients surgically treated for differentiated thyroid cancer and subsequently experienced hypothyroidism during preparation for follow up I-131 scintigraphy scan by either recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) treatment or thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW). Methods: A total of 55 patients undergoing I-131 scintigraphy scan following surgeries for differentiated thyroid cancer were included in the study, including 25 patients prepared by administration of recombinant TSH (rhTSH Group) and 30 patients by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW Group). Results: Air conduction thresholds at 1, 2 and 4 kHz for both ears were higher during hypothyroid period than during euthyroid period for patients in the THW group (p

Background: We aimed to investigate whether or not we achieved a bone recovery similar to or better than positive results we obtained in single dose local administration of strontium into fracture line we made previously by using spongostan as strontium carrier. Material and Methods: The study was conducted with 24 male Wistar-albino rats. They were randomly divided into three groups: group SC3 [receiving 3% SC-soaked spongostan ( n=8), group SC5 [receiving 5% SC-soaked spongostan (n=8); and group C [only spongostan (n=8)]. A full thickness surgical osteotomy was performed in the subcondylar area. A 0.5x0.5 cm spongostan soaked with 3% SC in group SC3 and 5% SC in group SC5 was placed in the fracture area and in group C, only spongostan was placed in fracture line. Postoperative 21 day, the animals mandible was dissected and fractured hemimandibles were obtained for histopathological examination. The amount of the ossification was scored out of 10 for each section. Results: There was significantly immature bone and small amount of cartilage in the group SC3, completely immature bone in the group SC5 and the group C. When the groups were compared in terms of bone healing scores, there was no statistical difference between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Because the efficiency of using strontium alone was revealed in our first study, we are of the opinion that it is required to conduct future studies in which repeating local strontium injections are tried or different carrier systems are used in order to increase the positive effect of strontium on bone recovery., Amaç: Çalışmamızda mandibula fraktürü oluşturulan ratlarda spongostana emdirilerek uygulanan stronsiyumun kemik iyileşmesi üzerinde ki etkilerinin lokal stronsiyum uygulamasındakine benzer ya da daha iyi bir iyileşme sağlayıp sağlayamayacağını araştırmayı amaçladık. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmada 24 erkek Wistar-albino sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar tesadüfi olarak üç gruba ayrıldı; grup SC3 (%3 stronsiyım klorür emdirilmiş spongostan uygulnana n=8), grup SC5 (%5 stronsiyım klorür emdirilmiş spongostan uygulnana n=8) ve grup C (kontrol grubu, sadece spongostan uygulanan n=8). Sıçanların subkondiler bölgesine tam kat cerrahi osteotomi uygulandı. Fraktür bölgesine 0,5x0,5 cm boyutunda grup SC3'e %3; grup SC5'e %5 stronsiyum klorür emdirilmiş ve grup C'ye ise sadece spongostanlar yerleştirildi. Postoperatif 21 günde sıçanlara ötenazi uygulanıp hemimandibulaları çıkartılarak histopatolojik inceleme için gönderildi. Ossifikasyon oranı her bir sıçan için ayrı ayrı 10 üzerinden puanlandırıldı. Bulgular: Grup SC3 de olgunlaşmamış kemik ve az miktarda kıkırdak dokusu , grup SC5 de ve grup C de ise tamamen olgunlaşmamış kemik dokusu izlendi. Kemik iyileşme skorları açısından gruplar karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık izlenmedi (p>0.05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak ilk çalışmamızda tek başına stronsiyum kullanımının etkinliği ortaya konduğundan insanlar üzerinde stronsiyumun lokal kullanımının etkinliğinin araştırılacağı çalışmaların öncesinde daha farklı taşıyıcı sistemlerin kullanıldığı ya da tekrarlayan lokal stronsiyum enjeksiyonlarının denendiği hayvan çalışmaların yapılmasının daha uygun olacağı kanısındayız.

WOS: 000416301900017, PubMed ID: 29168468, Background & objectives: Neurogenic inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR). Strontium salts are highly effective in reducing the sensory irritation. This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of strontium chloride (SC) on AR symptoms based on the duration of SC use before the symptoms begin. Methods: Wistar albino rats (n= 18) were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1, received 1 mu g mometasone furoate (MF); Group 2, three per cent SC; and Group 3 received five per cent SC (2 mu l/site). Drugs were administered to the each nasal cavity for three weeks every morning. On the days 7, 14 and 21, histamine dihydrochloride (HD) 5 mu mol (2 mu l/site) was administered and the frequencies of nasal rubbing and sneezing were counted for 15 min. Results: After 7, 14 and 21 day medication period, the groups were compared in terms of the frequency of sneezing and nasal rubbing following HD. There was a significant difference among the groups in terms of the frequency of sneezing on the day 7 (P< 0.05). Intragroup comparisons for the nasal rubbing showed significance (P< 0.05). In Group 3, there was a decrease in the number of nasal rubbings on the day 14 and 21; however, the difference was not significant. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results showed that three and five per cent SC were less effective than MF for sneezing during the first week, but the efficiency was equal to that of MF after the first 14 days. Long-term use of SC was as effective as MF on nasal rubbing. SC can be as effective as MF on both sneezing and nasal rubbing on regular use over three weeks.

WOS: 000431853300011, Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether several blood tests could be used as inflammatory indicators in active or inactive chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Methods: Between 2007 to 2014, this study was conducted in 358 consecutive patients having chronic suppurative otitis media were included in the present retrospective clinical study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the clinical history, otologic examination, audiological evaluation and intraoperative finding. Group 1 consisted of 163 patients who had inactive chronic suppurative otitis media, while group 2 was comprised of 195 patients who had active chronic suppurative otitis media and cholesteatomatous otitis media. Results: With respect to the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.001), the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.001), absolute lymphocytes (P = 0.001), absolute neutrophil (P = 0.001), platelet (P = 0,001) and white blood cell (P = 0,02), Group 1 and Group 2 showed statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The results we obtained showed that markers such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, the platelet-lymphocyte ratio, platelet, absolute neutrophil and white blood cell could be used as guide in evaluation of the prognosis of chronic suppurative otitis media.

WOS: 000328271800060, PubMed ID: 24083748, Background: In this study, our aim was to investigate the effect of factors, such as radiotherapy, the dose of radiotherapy, the region of radiotherapy, the age of the patient, performance, co-morbidity, the stage of the disease and the therapy modalities on the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty-two patients who were treated by either chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy, at the Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, between February 2007 and September 2010, for head and neck cancer were included. The quality of life European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Questionnaire module to be used in Quality of Life assessments in Head and Neck Cancer (EORTC QLQ-H&N35) questionnaire was conducted in all patients before starting the radiotherapy, in the middle, at the end, at 1 month and at 6 months after the treatment. Results: According to the questionnaires at the end and at the 6th month after the radiotherapy, it was found that the age of the patient, co-morbidity, ECOG performance state, localization, type of treatment, the stage of the disease, the dose and the region of radiotherapy affect some of the symptom scales for quality of life. Conclusions: Quality of life was affected negatively during and after the radiotherapy. However, in the 6th month after the therapy, a significant improvement was observed in most symptoms.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada allerjiye bağlı burun tıkanıklığının tedavisinde mometazon furoat burun spreyi, burun içi azelastin ve izotonik deniz suyu burun spreyinin etkinliği değerlendirildi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Ekim 2007 - Ağustos 2008 tarihleri arasında alerjik rinit öyküsü olan 60 hasta (37 erkek, 23 kadın; ort. yaş 9.8±2.6 yıl; dağılım 7-16 yıl) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Laboratuvar yöntemleri olarak deri prik testi, burun sürüntü testi, fadiotop, total immünoglobulin E (IgE) ve tam kan sayımı yapıldı. Hastalar uygulanan topikal tedaviye göre 20’şerli üç gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1’deki hastalara azelastin, grup 2’dekilere mometazon furoat burun spreyi, grup 3’dekilere izotonik deniz suyu burun spreyi uygulandı. Burun pasaj hacmi, akustik rinometri aleti kullanılarak hesaplandı. Bulgular: Mometazon furoat ve azelastin, izotonik deniz suyu burun spreyine kıyasla, daha etkin şekilde nazal konjesyonu azalttı ve burun hacmini artırdı. Sonuç: Burun konjesyonunu azaltan ve burun hacmini artıran mometazon furoat ve azelastin, çocuklarda alerjik rinitin tedavisinde etkilidir., Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray, intranasal azelastine, and isotonic sea water nasal spray in the management of allergy-induced nasal obstruction. Patients and Methods: Between October 2007 and August 2008 60 patients (37 males, 23 females; mean age 9.8±2.6 years; range 7 to 16 years) with a history of allergic rhinitis were included in the study. Laboratory assays including the skin prick test, nasal smear, phadiatop, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and complete blood count test were performed. The patients were classified into three groups including 20 in each, according to the topical treatment administered. Patients in group 1 received azelastine, group 2 received mometasone furoate nasal spray, and group 3 received isotonic sea water nasal spray. Nasal passage volume was calculated using an acoustic rhinometry device. Results: Azelastine and mometasone furoate decreased nasal congestion and increased nasal cavity volume more effectively, compared to isotonic sea water nasal spray. Conclusion: Mometasone furoate and azelastine which decrease nasal congestion and increase nasal volume are effective in the management of allergic rhinitis in children.

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı ani idiyopatik sensorinöral işitme kaybıolup iyileşen (n=33) ve iyileşmeyen (n=17) hastalarda ve sağlıklı kontrollerde anksiyete ve depresyon semptomlarının şiddet derecesinikarşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem:Bu çalışma hastanede yatan sensorinöral işitme kayıplı hastalarla (n=50), sağlıklı kontrol grubunda (n=52) gerçekleştirildi. Anksiyete ve depresyon semptomlarının şiddet derecesi hastaneye kabulsırasında uygulanan Durumsal Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) veBeck Depresyon Envanteri (BDI) ile değerlendirildi. Başlangıçta vetedavi sonrasında (4. haftanın sonunda) her bir hastanın odyolojik değerlendirme formundan 50 olgunun tüm işitme verileri elde edildi. Bulgular:ISSHL hastalarının %66'sı iyileşmiş, %34'ü iyileşmemişti.ISSHL hastalarının ve kontrol deneklerin ortalama BDI ve STAI-IIskorları sırasıyla 11.4±8.6 vs. 6.8±4.3 ve 41.6±7.3 vs. 36.7±8.4 (p< 0.05)olup, ISSHL hastalarının değerleri kontrol grubundan anlamlı derecede daha yüksek idi. ISSHL hastalarında BDI ve STSI-II skorlarıarasında orta derecede ve anlamlı pozitif korelasyon mevcuttu.(r=0.617, p< 0.05). Kontrol grubunun ortalama BDI, STAI-I ve STAI-II skorları, iyileşen ve hiç iyileşmeyen gruplara göre anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü (p< 0.05). Ancak iyileşmiş ve hiç iyileşmemiş gruplararasında ortalama BDI, STAI-I ve STAI-II skorları açısından anlamlı farklılık gözlemlenmedi (p> 0.05). Sonuç:Sağlıklı kontrollere göre ISSHL hastaları daha depresif ve endişeli bir ruh hali içindeydi. Ancak anksiyete ve depresif ruh haliISSHL hastalarının iyileşme durumunu hiçbir şekilde etkilememiştir.Doktorlar ISSHL hastalarının anksiyete ve depresif semptomlarınada dikkat etmelidir, Objective:To compare the severity of anxiety and depression symptoms in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL)patients with (n=33) and without (n=17) recovery, and healthy controlgroup. Methods:This study was conducted on ISSHL inpatients (n=50) anda healthy control group (n=52). Severity of the anxiety and depressionsymptoms was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) during admission.Hearing data of all 50 cases obtained at baseline and after the treatment (at the end of the 4th week) were gathered from the audiological evaluation form of each patient. Results: The rates of ISSHL patients with and without recovery were66% and 34%, respectively. The mean BDI and STAI-II scores of thepatients with ISSHL were significantly higher than those of the controlgroup (11.4±8.6 vs. 6.8±4.3 and 41.6±7.3 vs. 36.7±8.4, respectively;p< 0.05). Among the ISSHL patients, there was a moderate and significant positive correlation between the BDI and STSI-II scores(r=0.617, p< 0.05). The mean BDI, STAI-I, and STAI-II scores of thecontrol group were significantly lower than those of the recovery andno recovery groups (p< 0.05). However, the recovery and no-recoverygroups did not show any difference in terms of mean BDI, STAI-I andSTAI-II scores (p> 0.05). Conclusion:ISSHL patients had a more depressive and anxious moodcompared to the healthy controls. However, anxiety and depressivemood had no effect on the recovery status of the ISSHL patients.Physicians also need to pay attention to the status of anxiety anddepressive symptoms in patients with ISSHL

Bu makalede, diferansiye tiroid papiller karsinom nedeniyle radyoaktif iyot (RAI-131I) tedavisi verilen ve tedavinin 24. saatinde parotitis gelişen 51 yaşındaki kadın hastayı sunduk. 131I ile yüksek doz ablasyon tedavi sonrası siyaloadenit, düşük klinik izlem ile birlikte rölatif olarak sık bir komplikasyondur. Radyasyon hastalığı nedeniyle tat alma bozukluğu veya kaybı, ve bulantı ve kusma diğer en sık yan etkilerdir. Kserostomi hastaların morbiditesini artıran önemli bir problemdir. Bu nedenle, semptomatik hastalarda serum amilaz d üzeylerinin takibi, kserostominin önlenmesi için önemlidir. Bakteriyel ve viral etkenler dışında radyasyonun da sialadenit yapabileceği dikkate alınarak, radyoaktif iyot sonrası gelişen tükürük bezi büyümesinin, radyasyon komplikasyonu olduğunu söylemeden önce, klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularla birlikte diğer parotit olasılıklarının da ekarte edilmesi gereklidir. Bunun yanısıra, gerek acil servislerde gerekse Kulak Burun Boğaz (KBB) departmanlarında ağız kuruluğu ile başvuran hastalarda, hikayede mutlaka RAI tedavi öyküsünün de sorgulanması önemlidir., In this article, we report a 51 years old female patient treated with radioactive iodine (RAI-131I) treatment for thyroid papillary carcinoma and developing parotitis on the 24 hour following treatment. Siaload enitis after high dose ablative therapy with 131I is a relatively common complication with a low clinical impression. Taste alteration or loss, and nausea and vomiting due to radiation sickness are the other most frequent side effects. Xerostomia is an important problem increasing morbidity of the patients. For this reason, it is important to prevent xerostamia by following serum amylase levels in symptomatic patients. By taking into account that not only bacterial and viral factors but also radiation may cause sialoadenitis, one has to rule out other parotisis possibilities by clinical and laboratory findings before claiming that salivary gland enlargement developing after radioiodine is a complication of radiation. Moreover, history of RAI treatment should be given importance in patients applying either to emergency services or to Ear Nose Throat and Infectious Diseases Department with dry mouth.

WOS: 000313019700012, PubMed ID: 22271281, The purposes of this study were to investigate the biocompatibility of two different paper patches (carbon and cigarette papers) and compare the adhesion and proliferation features of L929 fibroblast cells by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT Test) test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, time-dependent cytotoxic effects of cigarette and carbon papers used in repairing small traumatic TM perforations were investigated in vitro by using MTT test. And also adhesion and spreading of cells over disk surface were observed by SEM. Cytotoxicity test carried out by MTT analysis on leakage products collected from two types of paper patches at the end of 24 and 48 h revealed no cytotoxicity (P > 0.05). In SEM studies, it was observed that cells started to proliferate over disk surface as a result of 48-h incubation, and SEM revealed that the cell proliferation over cigarette paper was more compared to the one over carbon paper. We believe that this is the first study where biocompatibility and adhesion features of carbon and cigarette paper have been studied by using L929 fibroblast cell culture. As a result, biocompatibility of cigarette paper and also whether cigarette paper was superior to carbon paper in cell attachment and biocompatibility were studied. It was found, by MTT test and SEM test, that cigarette paper had a higher biocompatibility and cell attachment, and thus cigarette paper should be the patch to be preferred in cases where TM perforations are repaired by paper-patch method.

WOS: 000300234900002, PubMed ID: 22337451, Primary malignant melanoma of the nose and paranasal sinus mucosa is a rare disease and seen in less than 1% among all melanomas. Malignant melanomas have 2 origins: cutaneous and mucosal. The mucosal form has a worse prognosis because of its aggressiveness compared with that of the cutaneous form. Mucosal melanomas often occur at a rate of 2% to 3% among all melanomas and are typically found in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Generally, it is more common in males and in those older than 50 years. In this study, 4 patients were observed at the Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine; 2 of them were a 64-year-old man and an 82-year-old woman who had a malignant melanoma originating from the nasal septal mucosa, 1 patient was a 72-year-old woman whose malignant melanoma originated from the inferior turbinate, and 1 patient was a 77-year-old woman with a sinonasally located melanoma. The conditions of these patients were discussed under the light of literature instructions.