548 results on '"Emma"'
Search Results
2. Exploring Societal Constructs through Marriage Discourses: A Critical Analysis of Jane Austen’s Emma.
- Author
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Tariq, Sana, Shah, Syed Kazim, and Mahmood, Muhammad Ilyas
- Subjects
CRITICAL discourse analysis ,SOCIAL context ,GENDER inequality ,SOCIAL reality - Abstract
This research study presents a Critical Discourse Analysis of Jane Austen's 18th-century novel Emma by employing a qualitative methodological approach. Utilizing Van Dijk's (1995) Socio-cognitive model, the analysis is conducted at the Macrostructure level which allows for the interpretation of the novel's meanings and themes. The study specifically examines dialogues related to the theme of marriage by extracting the concerned excerpts from the text. Through this analysis, the research uncovers the underlying ideologies concerning marriage as presented by female authors of the period. The results indicate that Austen's portrayal of marriage reflects a societal context in which women are systematically underprivileged and subject to male dominance. This suggests that Emma not only offers a narrative about individual characters but also provides a broader commentary on the gender inequalities prevalent in the 18th century. The study thus contributes to the understanding of how literature can mirror and critique social realities particularly concerning women's roles within the institution of marriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Municipal Bond Credit Rating Access and Retail Investors' Transaction Costs.
- Author
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Zhang, Vincent
- Subjects
MUNICIPAL bonds ,INDIVIDUAL investors ,CREDIT ratings ,TRANSACTION costs ,DISCLOSURE ,WEBSITES - Abstract
In 2010, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board proposed a rule change requiring the display of current credit ratings on the EMMA website, a centralized repository of municipal bond information. Before the rule change, current credit ratings were freely available on individual rating agencies' websites or on EMMA if municipalities provided relevant continuing disclosures, making it unclear whether the rule change would benefit investors. A difference-in-differences analysis reveals the rule change is associated with a 6–8 basis-point decrease in investor transaction costs. This effect is concentrated among the intended beneficiaries (retail investors) when credit risk information demand is high (long-maturity bonds) and current credit rating information on EMMA is low (no continuing disclosure of rating changes was provided on EMMA). The rule change appears to have helped retail investors become aware of current credit ratings by filling a disclosure gap on EMMA for municipalities without continuing disclosures of rating changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Madame Bovary'nin Türk Edebiyatına Yansımalarından Biri: Bugünün Saraylısı'ndaki Ayşen.
- Author
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AY, Ferudun
- Subjects
TURKISH literature - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Language & Literature Studies is the property of Turkiye Dil ve Edebiyat Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Performance, ritual and messaging in Encomium Emmae reginae
- Author
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Smythe, Ross, Keynes, Simon, and Naismith, Rory
- Subjects
Encomium ,Emma ,Cnut ,Harthacnut ,Harold Harefoot ,Anglo-Saxon literature ,eleventh century English history ,Edward the Confessor ,Queen Emma ,Medieval Latin literature ,Queenship ,Anglo-Latin literature ,ritual ,demonstrative behaviour ,Performance - Abstract
This thesis examines the Encomium Emmae reginae primarily through the lens of demonstrative behaviour, which covers the gamut of actions from formal ceremonies to social rituals to individual acts of verbal and non-verbal communication. Chapter 1 establishes the need for a re-examination of the Encomium in light of the 2008 rediscovery of the Edwardian recension as well as advances in scholarship, particularly the emergence of demonstrative behaviour as a sub-field of history. A brief historiography of demonstrative behaviour ensues, concluding with how I use demonstrative behaviour to contextualise and glean insights into the Encomium. Chapter 2 contains discussions of the historical context of the Encomium; the Encomiast and his literary sources; the manuscripts of the Encomium relevant to this thesis; and the historiography concerning the Encomium, including especially Elizabeth Tyler's recent work on the Encomium and its use of fiction. Chapter 3 focuses on the reception of the Encomium, including discussions of the Latinity required for audiences to understand the Encomium, the literary context of the Encomium, and evidence suggesting that the Encomium was performed/recited for a live audience. Chapters 4 through 7 are the main chapters of analysis. In narrative order, the demonstrative behaviours in the Encomium are identified and explicated. Patterns, performance cues and messages are identified and interpreted. Chapter 4 focuses on the Argument and Prologue, chapter 5 on Book I, chapter 6 on Book II, and chapter 7 on Book III. Chapter 8 gathers together the numerous messages from the narrative and identifies overarching messages regarding major and minor characters, identifies specific (and general) audiences, and examines the Encomium as a queenly project.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer.
- Author
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Kirchner, James W.
- Subjects
- *
TRACERS (Chemistry) , *TIME management , *AIR masses , *STREAMFLOW , *ENVIRONMENTAL sciences , *TIME series analysis - Abstract
Mixing models are used throughout earth and environmental science to quantify the relative contributions of sources to mixtures, based on chemical or isotopic tracers. Often, however, some end‐members are missing or their tracer distributions overlap, precluding the use of conventional mixing models. Here I show how these constraints can be overcome by exploiting the information contained in tracer time‐series fluctuations. This approach, ensemble end‐member mixing analysis (EEMMA), can potentially quantify many sources using a single tracer, even if their mean concentrations are indistinguishable. EEMMA can also quantify source contributions when some sources are unknown, and even infer the tracer time series of a missing source. Benchmark tests with synthetic data verify the reliability of this approach, thus expanding the range of mixing models that can be quantified using tracer time series. An R script is provided for the necessary calculations, including error propagation. Plain Language Summary: Chemical and isotopic tracers are widely used to partition mixtures (such as air masses, stream flows, xylem water, or biogeochemical fluxes) among potential contributing sources. These "mixing models" are widely used to improve process understanding throughout Earth and environmental science. However, because conventional mixing models are based on comparing the mean tracer concentrations in the sources and mixture, they typically require that all sources have been identified and sampled, their average tracer concentrations are distinctly different, and the number of sources does not exceed the number of independent tracers, plus one. Temporal fluctuations in tracer concentrations can provide additional information that loosens these constraints, thus expanding the range of feasible mixing models. Here I outline this approach and test its reliability using synthetic benchmark data. With this approach, in contrast to conventional mixing models, a single tracer can be used to quantify contributions from many different sources, even if their means overlap. Even when some sources are unmeasured or even unknown, this approach can estimate the remaining sources' mixing fractions, and even, given sufficiently accurate data, can estimate the mixing fraction and tracer signature of an unknown source. Thus, this approach expands the range of applications for mixing models. Key Points: Tracer fluctuations contain information that can help constrain mixing models, including those with overlapping end‐member signaturesThis approach can also constrain mixing models with many sources but only one tracer, or those in which some sources may be missingThe concepts and math behind this approach are outlined, and validated using benchmark tests; a script for the method is provided [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Plasmasphere Refilling after the 1 June 2013 Geomagnetic Storm.
- Author
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Del Corpo, Alfredo and Vellante, Massimo
- Subjects
- *
GEOMAGNETISM , *PLASMA density , *BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics) , *MAGNETIC storms , *MAGNETOSPHERE , *MAGNETOMETERS - Abstract
Plasma content and distribution are key parameters in the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere. The plasmasphere contributes, for the most part, to the plasma mass density, and its properties are very dependent on the history of the magnetosphere and geomagnetic activity. In this work, we investigated plasmasphere dynamics and plasmasphere–ionosphere coupling, focusing on the refilling process that followed the geomagnetic storm that occurred on 1 June 2013. The equatorial plasma mass density used to evaluate the refilling rates was remotely sensed by observation of the field line resonance (FLR) frequencies of the geomagnetic field, driven by ultra-low-frequency magnetic waves. The FLR frequencies were retrieved by performing an analysis of signals detected by several station pairs of the European quasi-Meridional Magnetometer Array. We estimated the rate at which the refilling process occurred, concentrating on both the diurnal and the day-to-day refilling rates. The estimated contraction rate during the main phase of the storm was higher than ∼ 3.5 R E d − 1 , while the average expansion rate was ∼ 0.4 R E d − 1 . We investigated the radial dependence of the refilling rates, using a novel approach based on fit plasma mass density profiles, and we related their variation to the plasmasphere boundary layer and the zero-energy Alfvén boundary. We found evidence supporting the idea that flux tubes mapping in the region between these two boundaries experience an enhanced refilling process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Comparing the Runoff Decompositions of Small Experimental Catchments: End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA) vs. Hydrological Modelling.
- Author
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Bugaets, Andrey, Gartsman, Boris, Gubareva, Tatiana, Lupakov, Sergei, Kalugin, Andrey, Shamov, Vladimir, and Gonchukov, Leonid
- Subjects
HYDROLOGIC models ,RUNOFF ,INFORMATION modeling ,MODEL validation - Abstract
This study is focused on the comparison of streamflow composition simulated with three well-known rainfall–runoff (RR) models (ECOMAG, HBV, SWAT) against hydrograph decomposition evaluated with End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA). In situ observations at two small mountain testbed catchments located in the south of Pacific Russia are used. All applied RR models and EMMA analysis demonstrate that two neighboring catchments disagree significantly on the mutual dynamics of the runoff sources. The RR models' benchmark test is based on proximity to EMMA hydrograph composition. Different aggregation intervals (season, month, and pentad) were applied to find a reasonable generalization period ensuring the clarity of results. ECOMAG is most conformable to EMMA outcome; HBV reflects flood events well enough; SWAT exhibits distinctive behavior compared to the other models. It is shown that, along with standard efficiency criteria of simulated and observed runoff proximity, EMMA analysis might provide useful auxiliary information for the validation of modelling results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer
- Author
-
James W. Kirchner
- Subjects
end‐member mixing ,tracers ,stable isotopes ,mixing models ,EMMA ,EEMMA ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
Abstract Mixing models are used throughout earth and environmental science to quantify the relative contributions of sources to mixtures, based on chemical or isotopic tracers. Often, however, some end‐members are missing or their tracer distributions overlap, precluding the use of conventional mixing models. Here I show how these constraints can be overcome by exploiting the information contained in tracer time‐series fluctuations. This approach, ensemble end‐member mixing analysis (EEMMA), can potentially quantify many sources using a single tracer, even if their mean concentrations are indistinguishable. EEMMA can also quantify source contributions when some sources are unknown, and even infer the tracer time series of a missing source. Benchmark tests with synthetic data verify the reliability of this approach, thus expanding the range of mixing models that can be quantified using tracer time series. An R script is provided for the necessary calculations, including error propagation.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. '& Not the Least Wit': Jane Austen's Use of 'Wit'.
- Author
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Cox, Octavia
- Subjects
CONNOTATION (Linguistics) ,PARADOX ,METAPHYSICS ,PROTAGONISTS (Persons) in literature - Abstract
Jane Austen is celebrated for her wit and wittiness. She famously defended novels in Northanger Abbey, for example, on the basis that they display 'the liveliest effusions of wit'. Critics have long been occupied with detailing the implications of Austen's wit, but without due attention to Austen's own explicit deployment of the word within her writing. Offering a re-evaluation of Austen's use of 'wit', this article provides a much-needed examination of how the term is implemented by Austen in her fiction (from her juvenilia, and through her six major novels), contextualises wit's meaning through its seventeenth-, eighteenth-, and nineteenth-century senses, and reveals that 'wit' did not necessarily have the positive connotations often presumed in modern suppositions. It transpires that, seemingly paradoxically, Austen routinely adopts the label 'wit' ironically to expose an absence of true wit, whilst concurrently avoiding the application of the word in moments displaying true wit. This article argues for the need to understand the crucial distinction between wit and true wit in Austen's fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Space Weather Effects Observed in the Northern Hemisphere during November 2021 Geomagnetic Storm: The Impacts on Plasmasphere, Ionosphere and Thermosphere Systems.
- Author
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Regi, Mauro, Perrone, Loredana, Del Corpo, Alfredo, Spogli, Luca, Sabbagh, Dario, Cesaroni, Claudio, Alfonsi, Laura, Bagiacchi, Paolo, Cafarella, Lili, Carnevale, Giuseppina, De Lauretis, Marcello, Di Mauro, Domenico, Di Pietro, Pierluigi, Francia, Patrizia, Heilig, Balázs, Lepidi, Stefania, Marcocci, Carlo, Masci, Fabrizio, Nardi, Adriano, and Piscini, Alessandro
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC storms , *THERMOSPHERE , *SPACE environment , *GLOBAL Positioning System , *IONOSPHERE , *CORONAL mass ejections - Abstract
On 3 November 2021, an interplanetary coronal mass ejection impacted the Earth's magnetosphere leading to a relevant geomagnetic storm (Kp = 8-), the most intense event that occurred so far during the rising phase of solar cycle 25. This work presents the state of the solar wind before and during the geomagnetic storm, as well as the response of the plasmasphere–ionosphere–thermosphere system in the European sector. To investigate the longitudinal differences, the ionosphere–thermosphere response of the American sector was also analyzed. The plasmasphere dynamics was investigated through field line resonances detected at the European quasi-Meridional Magnetometer Array, while the ionosphere was investigated through the combined use of ionospheric parameters (mainly the critical frequency of the F2 layer, foF2) from ionosondes and Total Electron Content (TEC) obtained from Global Navigation Satellite System receivers at four locations in the European sector, and at three locations in the American one. An original method was used to retrieve aeronomic parameters from observed electron concentration in the ionospheric F region. During the analyzed interval, the plasmasphere, originally in a state of saturation, was eroded up to two Earth's radii, and only partially recovered after the main phase of the storm. The possible formation of a drainage plume is also observed. We observed variations in the ionospheric parameters with negative and positive phase and reported longitudinal and latitudinal dependence of storm features in the European sector. The relative behavior between foF2 and TEC data is also discussed in order to speculate about the possible role of the topside ionosphere and plasmasphere response at the investigated European site. The American sector analysis revealed negative storm signatures in electron concentration at the F2 region. Neutral composition and temperature changes are shown to be the main reason for the observed decrease of electron concentration in the American sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Quantification of mixing proportions of surface water, groundwater, and precipitation in a regional basin using multiple techniques.
- Author
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Bécher Quinodóz, F., Pascuini, M., Cabrera, A., Schroeter, P.G., Pramparo, S., Blarasin, M., and Krusse, E.
- Subjects
- *
GROUNDWATER flow , *WATER chemistry , *HYDROLOGIC cycle , *GROUNDWATER , *WATER table , *GEOCHEMICAL modeling - Abstract
Increased precipitation in the 1970s led to base level shifts in the Rio Quinto basin, causing conflicts due to flooding. A regional study was conducted to analyze the water resource system, particularly the contributions of groundwater discharge and precipitation to surface water. Various techniques were employed, such as analyzing major ionic species and isotopes like δ18O and δ2H, along with methods like end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) and inverse geochemical modeling (PHREEQC). The analysis encompassed components explaining the geochemistry of groundwater across the entire basin. The results showed that surface and groundwater geochemistry results from mixing precipitation, local groundwater flows, and regional groundwater flows. EMMA and PHREEQC quantitatively showed that in the upper basin, surface waters receive 60% from precipitation and 40% from local groundwater flows on average. In the middle and lower basins, regional groundwater flows are minimal (<5%), with precipitation/local groundwater flows dominating (40% and 55%). Conversely, the upper basin exhibits variability, with precipitation contributing more to shallow wells (<20 m) and local groundwater flows to deeper wells (>20 m). In the middle and lower basins, regional groundwater flows increase (15%), local groundwater flows dominate (60%), and precipitation plays a lesser role (not exceeding 50%). Geochemical processes such as cation exchange, salt dissolution, and carbonate precipitation further explain the evolution of water chemistry in the system. These results help establish the origin, hydraulic connections, and contributions of various water sources, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the water cycle in the study area. [Display omitted] • Using EMMA and PHREEQC to assess mixing proportions in surface and groundwater. • Three end-members are retained to explain the geochemical variability of basin. • Mixture of rainfall with local and regional groundwater flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A note on Angela Merkel's review of Susan Faludi's Backlash and feminisms East-West.
- Author
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Haas, Renate
- Subjects
- *
FEMINISM - Abstract
Angela Merkel's review of Susan Faludi's Backlash from 1993 is an illuminating document as regards her relationship with feminism as well as with the media. She wrote it as Minister for Women and Youth, when a central task was bringing East and West Germany again closer together. Twelve years later, during the decisive election campaign of 2005, Alice Schwarzer's EMMA, a leading feminist magazine, reprinted the review in an effort to style Merkel into a feminist and so mobilise disappointed female voters. Nevertheless, almost to the last minute of her four terms as Germany's first female Chancellor, Merkel notoriously refused public identification with feminism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Emma's Choices: Economics and Modern Narratives of Decision-Making.
- Author
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Garcha, Amanpal
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMICS , *DECISION making , *NEOCLASSICAL school of economics , *CHOICE (Psychology) - Abstract
In its depictions of characters' processes of decision-making, Jane Austen's Emma incorporates a model of choice that later came to dominate neoclassical economics. This model is preferential choice, which asserts that individuals choose based on their subjective, idiosyncratic preferences rather than following socially sanctioned value systems. While Emma represents preferential choice and illustrates its connection to consumer capitalism, unlike neoclassical economists, the novel ultimately exhibits skepticism toward this modern model of decision-making. This skepticism is rooted in Emma's conservative economic and political vision. Its conservatism paradoxically gestures to a point that is important to some of today's progressive thought: that our valorization of preferential choice—of the idea that choices should be a matter of individual desire for one option among many—is not inevitable and comes with its own significant difficulties. This article shows that even as the novel distances itself from consumerism's mode of preferential choosing, Emma's representation of preferential choice acknowledges its aesthetic importance in the construction of interiorized characters and in open-ended narrative forms. Such an acknowledgment shows Austen's recognition that consumerist habits of mind are important to literary production, especially at a moment when novels vied for attention in a competitive literary marketplace. In such a marketplace, readers chose among many disparate titles; the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century literary field was, indeed, one of the first manifestations of modern consumerism wherein overflowing markets tried to convince shoppers to express their individuality through their preferences for some goods over others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Did We Need Another Emma ? The Anxiety of Influence in the Bollywood Adaptation of Emma.
- Author
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Bharat, Meenakshi
- Subjects
FILM adaptations ,BOLLYWOOD - Abstract
The multiple screen adaptations of Jane Austen's novels, and in particular, those of Emma (1815–1816), willy-nilly direct audience attention to the problematic continuities between the original novel and Rajshri Ojha's twenty-first century Bollywood adaptation, Aisha (2010). This essay addresses the issue of the competing influence of Austen and the global cinematic adaptations that precede this Hindi adaptation, even as it assesses the film for its engagement with the adaptation of Austenian social concerns to the particularities of the contemporary upper-middle-class urban existence in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Analysis of urban composite non-point source pollution characteristics and its contribution to river DOM based on EEMs and FT-ICR MS.
- Author
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Lin B, An X, Zhao C, Gao Y, Liu Y, Qiu B, Qi F, and Sun D
- Abstract
Urban composite non-point source (UCNPS) has an increasing degree of influence on the urban receiving waters. However, there remains a dearth of precise techniques to characterize and evaluate the contribution of UCNPS. Therefore, this study developed a source analytical methodology system based fluorescence excitation-emission matrices spectroscopy (EEMs) and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS).Specifically, it utilized parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), end-member mixing analysis (EMMA), and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to analysis UCNPS pollution characteristics and quantify its contributions to river DOM. The results of its application in typical hilly and plain urban within the Yangtze River Basin, China revealed that road and roof runoff exhibited high aromaticity and humic-like content, and the characteristics of pipe sediment was similar with domestic sewage. The component of Rivers had sequences of changes under rainfall perturbations. But terrestrial humic-like represented the initial input in all cases, and it can provide some indication of UCNPS input. The results of EMMA showed that the contribution of road runoff, roof runoff, pipeline sediment and domestic sewage to river DOM was 9.0 %-36.0 %, 2.6 %-19.1 %, 2.3 %-28.8 % and 5.9 %-25.9 %, respectively, and the specific contribution was mainly affected by rainfall level, regional terrain and drainage system. The methodology system of this study can provide technical support for the traceability and precise control of UCNPS pollution., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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17. Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service
- Author
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Bradley, Lisa and Heywood, Emma
- Subjects
Bradley ,education ,Elizabeth ,Emergency ,Emma ,Emma Heywood ,emotional load ,Fourth ,Heywood ,Howard ,Journalism ,Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service ,Lisa ,Lisa Bradley ,moral injury ,Resilience ,self-care ,Service ,stressors ,Trauma ,Trauma and Resilience ,trauma training ,thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKP Accident and emergency medicine::MKPB Trauma and shock ,thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies::JBCT1 Media studies: internet, digital media and society ,thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies::JBCT4 Media studies: journalism ,thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSF Gender studies, gender groups::JBSF1 Gender studies: women and girls ,thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTP Publishing industry and journalism::KNTP2 News media and journalism - Abstract
Journalists have often been considered the "fourth emergency service". They are first on the scene, alongside paramedics, fi re and police, running towards danger rather than away, and providing independent, veritable and crucial information in the public interest. And yet, unlike frontline workers, little (if any) counselling or training is offered to journalists on how to deal with the horrors they witness, and the trauma they absorb from being at the forefront of human suffering. Further, limited to no training is given to student journalists on how to prepare themselves for trauma, be it from war scenes to the everyday "death knock". New research is demonstrating a rise in post-traumatic stress disorder amongst journalists resulting from the "everyday" trauma they encounter. There is also a noticeable increase in reluctance from new journalists to undertake emotionally distressing assignments. Editors in industry are now calling for educators to invest in curricula that centre around understanding how to cope with distress and trauma, and why work like this is vital to facilitate the work journalists do hold power to account. This book investigates the cause and effect of trauma reporting on the journalist themselves and provides a toolkit for training journalists and practitioners to build resilience and prepare themselves for trauma. It draws on national and international experiences enabling readers to gain valuable insight into a range of contemporary issues and the contexts in which they may work. This edited book offers a blend of academic research studies, evidence-based practitioner interviews, and teaching resources drawing on the experiences of journalists and academics nationally and internationally. In this increasingly complex and challenging world, there is a real need to consider extra mental health support for journalists. This book is a very valuable addition to that debate. — Ian MacGregor, Editor Emeritus at the Telegraph and Chair of the Society of Editors. Journalists head towards danger when everyone else is running away. They see things that are the stuff of nightmares. They can be viciously trolled for telling the truth. The work is exciting and important - but there can be a heavy price to pay in trauma that can last a lifetime. This important book is essential reading for journalists and those concerned about their welfare. — Jonathan Grun, Emeritus Editor, Press Association. Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service: Trauma and Resilience is a well-researched and insightful read for anyone wanting to enter the industry. The authors have carefully crafted the perfect guide to navigate new journalists through the new and ever- changing world. Their understanding and acknowledgement of the struggles and difficulties faced by journalists makes for an insightful and honest read about what to expect before entering any newsroom. I wish I had this before becoming a journalist. — Katie Ridley, Journalist ITV Anglia. An essential read for journalists at all stages of their career, this book is an invaluable resource for navigating the challenges both in and beyond the newsroom. It provides much- sought- after guidance that reporters have been yearning for, blending research- based insights with actionable advice - and will be beneficial for trainees and seasoned professionals alike. — Harriet Rose Gale, Head of Features (Digital and Print), SWNS Media Group.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Power, Authority, and Egotism: Emma Woodhouse’s Transformation in the Path into Maturity.
- Author
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Clara Birrento, Ana
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,YOUNG women ,NARRATION ,TWENTY-first century ,INTIMACY (Psychology) ,CRITICAL analysis ,MASCULINE identity - Abstract
Jane Austen’s novel “Emma” still inspires and challenges readers in the twenty-first century. The article engages in a critical analysis of the several maps of meaning the eponymous character draws in her circles of intimacy and of social acquaintances, underpinned by questions of identity and representation. It analyses how Emma represents herself and relates with the Other(s) from a position of power, authority, and egotism—identity traits of the narrative text, which is a metaphor of her life, a Landscape of the Self. During a long and painful path, in the fictionality of a possible world, from equivoque to equivoque, these identity traits are progressively transformed into true feelings of friendship and self)awareness. On the one hand, one finds a powerful young lady mastering the family and the social circles, and, on the other, an emotionally fragile young woman in need of orientation. Tracing her path, Emma constructs possibilities for her life, closely followed by the dutiful and loving help of a masculine character, whose enlightened vision transforms her stubborn, immature, and proud nature and is a cornerstone of her growth into maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Source and influencing factors of metasilicic acid in mixed geothermal waters.
- Author
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Wu, Yanqiu and Zhou, Xun
- Subjects
- *
GEOTHERMAL wells , *HOT springs , *WATER temperature , *FLUID flow , *WATER chemistry - Abstract
• Metasilicic acid in mixed geothermal water mainly comes from geothermal source water. • Temperature is an important control factor in the metasilicic acid of hot springs and geothermal well waters. • The underestimation of circulation temperature and depth by silica geothermometers has been addressed by EMMA model. The content of metasilicic acid in geothermal water is usually high. In this paper, the hydrochemical composition of hot springs and geothermal wells from different lithologic aquifers was studied by End-member mixing analysis, and the source and influencing factors of the H 2 SiO 3 concentration in geothermal water were revealed. The results show that the H 2 SiO 3 concentration in geothermal water is almost independent of the lithology of the surrounding rock at surface of hot springs and geothermal wells. Temperature is an important control factor in the H 2 SiO 3 concentration of hot springs and geothermal well waters. The metasilicic acid in geothermal water mainly comes from the geothermal source water, and the mixing of a large proportion of cold water will dilute the metasilicic acid, resulting in a relatively large variation in hot springs and geothermal well waters. The mixing process evaluation gives a good overview of the fluid flow (reservoir temperature and circulation depth) within the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Plasmasphere Refilling after the 1 June 2013 Geomagnetic Storm
- Author
-
Alfredo Del Corpo and Massimo Vellante
- Subjects
plasmasphere dynamics ,plasmasphere erosion ,plasmasphere refilling ,EMMA ,field line resonance ,plasma mass density ,Science - Abstract
Plasma content and distribution are key parameters in the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere. The plasmasphere contributes, for the most part, to the plasma mass density, and its properties are very dependent on the history of the magnetosphere and geomagnetic activity. In this work, we investigated plasmasphere dynamics and plasmasphere–ionosphere coupling, focusing on the refilling process that followed the geomagnetic storm that occurred on 1 June 2013. The equatorial plasma mass density used to evaluate the refilling rates was remotely sensed by observation of the field line resonance (FLR) frequencies of the geomagnetic field, driven by ultra-low-frequency magnetic waves. The FLR frequencies were retrieved by performing an analysis of signals detected by several station pairs of the European quasi-Meridional Magnetometer Array. We estimated the rate at which the refilling process occurred, concentrating on both the diurnal and the day-to-day refilling rates. The estimated contraction rate during the main phase of the storm was higher than ∼3.5 REd−1, while the average expansion rate was ∼0.4 REd−1. We investigated the radial dependence of the refilling rates, using a novel approach based on fit plasma mass density profiles, and we related their variation to the plasmasphere boundary layer and the zero-energy Alfvén boundary. We found evidence supporting the idea that flux tubes mapping in the region between these two boundaries experience an enhanced refilling process.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Comparing the Runoff Decompositions of Small Experimental Catchments: End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA) vs. Hydrological Modelling
- Author
-
Andrey Bugaets, Boris Gartsman, Tatiana Gubareva, Sergei Lupakov, Andrey Kalugin, Vladimir Shamov, and Leonid Gonchukov
- Subjects
hydrograph separation ,EMMA ,ECOMAG ,SWAT ,HBV ,catchment hydrology ,Hydraulic engineering ,TC1-978 ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
This study is focused on the comparison of streamflow composition simulated with three well-known rainfall–runoff (RR) models (ECOMAG, HBV, SWAT) against hydrograph decomposition evaluated with End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA). In situ observations at two small mountain testbed catchments located in the south of Pacific Russia are used. All applied RR models and EMMA analysis demonstrate that two neighboring catchments disagree significantly on the mutual dynamics of the runoff sources. The RR models' benchmark test is based on proximity to EMMA hydrograph composition. Different aggregation intervals (season, month, and pentad) were applied to find a reasonable generalization period ensuring the clarity of results. ECOMAG is most conformable to EMMA outcome; HBV reflects flood events well enough; SWAT exhibits distinctive behavior compared to the other models. It is shown that, along with standard efficiency criteria of simulated and observed runoff proximity, EMMA analysis might provide useful auxiliary information for the validation of modelling results.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. That Hamilton Woman (1941)
- Author
-
Cavell, Samantha A., Bell, Bill, Series Editor, Kaul, Chandrika, Series Editor, Wilkinson, Alexander S., Series Editor, Freeman, Thomas S., editor, and Smith, David L., editor
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. But what has Footlights ever done for us? Gender, comedy and the politics of privilege.
- Author
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Archer, Neil
- Abstract
In recent years, institutions such as Cambridge University, and Cambridge societies such as Footlights, have been under scrutiny for their perceived elitism. This article nevertheless makes the case that such views overlook the place of gender within these contexts, and above all, the history of gender discrimination and the struggle for representation on the part of women within such institutions. Looking primarily at Footlights, and two of its most prominent early female members (Eleanor Bron and Emma Thompson), and focusing on some of their early work on screen, this article argues that we consider the exceptional nature of female performers emerging from the society. The article argues, in turn, that we take into account the distinctive, critical type of work on the part of these performers, in terms of its comedic and reflextive approach to female representation; arguing also that we link such work to the authorial opportunities, but also competitive contexts, of Cambridge University comedy during these times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. ‘Welcome to the 21st Century!’: Modernising Jane Austen in the HarperCollins Project
- Author
-
Stovel, Nora Foster and Hopkins, Lisa, editor
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. "House of the Dragon" recap: Aegon rages as Rhaenyra discovers Daemon's betrayal.
- Author
-
Morgan, Lauren
- Abstract
The quest for revenge between the Greens and Blacks continues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
26. Music lessons and the construction of womanhood in English fiction, 1870-1914
- Author
-
Watson, Anna Elizabeth and Sutton, Emma
- Subjects
823 ,Music in literature ,Music lessons ,Gender ,Eliot ,George ,Fothergill ,Jessie ,Marshall ,Emma ,Zangwill ,Israel ,Du Maurier ,George ,Godfrey ,Elizabeth ,Grand ,Sarah ,Mackenzie ,Compton ,Lawrence ,D. H. ,Mansfield ,Katherine ,West ,Rebecca ,PR788.W65W2 ,English fiction--19th century--History and criticism ,Music--Instruction and study--Fiction ,Women in literature ,Sex role in literature ,Music in literature - Abstract
This thesis explores the gendered symbolism of women's music lessons in English fiction, 1870-1914. I consider canonical and non-canonical fiction in the context of a wider discourse about music, gender and society. Traditionally, women's music lessons were a marker of upper- and middle-class respectability. Musical ‘accomplishment' was a means to differentiate women in the ‘marriage market', and the music lesson itself was seen to encode a dynamic of obedient submission to male authority as a ‘rehearsal' for married life. However, as the market for musical goods and services burgeoned, musical training also offered women the potential of an independent career. Close reading George Eliot's Daniel Deronda (1876) and Jessie Fothergill's The First Violin (1877), I discuss four young women who negotiate their marital and vocational choices through their interactions with powerful music teachers. Through the lens of the music lessons in Emma Marshall's Alma (1888) and Israel Zangwill's Merely Mary Ann (1893), I consider the issues of class, respectability and social emulation, paying particular attention to the relationship between aesthetic taste and moral values. I continue by considering George Du Maurier's Trilby (1894) alongside Elizabeth Godfrey's Cornish Diamonds (1895), texts in which female pupils exhibit genuine power, eventually eclipsing both their music teachers and the artist-suitors for whom they once modelled. My final chapter discusses three texts which problematize the power of women's musical performance through depicting female music pupils as ‘New Women' in conflict with the people around them: Sarah Grand's The Beth Book (1895), D. H. Lawrence's The Trespasser (1912) and Compton Mackenzie's Sinister Street (1913). I conclude by looking forward to representations of women's music lessons in the modernist period and beyond, with a reading of Katherine Mansfield's ‘The Wind Blows' (1920) as well as Rebecca West's The Fountain Overflows (1956).
- Published
- 2014
27. Beam dynamics studies of the EMMA linear non-scaling FFAG
- Author
-
Garland, James Matthew and Owen, Hywel
- Subjects
539.7 ,Particle Accelerators ,FFAG ,Beam Dynamics ,Resonances ,EMMA ,Daresbury Laboratory ,Accelerators - Abstract
The development of charged particle accelerators is today reaching far beyond the realm of fundamental particle physics research. Many non-trivial social and political problems may find part of their solution lies in accelerator physics. For example, with fossil fuels becoming ever more controversial and expensive to obtain, the use of Accelerator Driven Sub-critical Reactors (ADSR) powered by rapid cycling, high current proton accelerators and thorium fuel could become part of the energy solution. Through the simplicity of the Bragg peak, cancer therapy could be enhanced through the use of high repetition rate, variable energy proton accelerators small enough to use in treatment centres. The growing problem of long lived nuclear waste storage could become a moot point through the use of high current, high power proton accelerators coupled with neutron spallation. These rapidly growing areas of study are fuelled by the development of the Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) accelerator, and more recently the non-scaling FFAG. The FFAG has the ability to accelerate high current, low quality bunches of particles in very short time scales due to the fixed-field nature of its magnets. This rapid acceleration can be of the order 500 nanoseconds to 1 microsecond meaning a fast cycling rate of the machine is possible. This allows the realistic development of the ADSR, proton therapy machine and even the muon accelerator. The Electron Model with Many Applications (EMMA) accelerator is the world's first linear non-scaling FFAG and is an electron proof-of-principle accelerator based at Daresbury Laboratory, UK. EMMA can accelerate over its energy range of 10 - 20 MeV in approximately 5 - 10 machine revolutions (~275 - 500 nanoseconds) using fixed-frequency novel acceleration techniques. The accelerator contains fixed-field, constant gradient quadrupole magnets which provide all the bending and focussing to the particles. Due to the linear non-scaling nature of EMMA, many transverse integer tune values are crossed which typically cause resonant effects resulting in bunch degradation and loss. It was proposed and demonstrated that rapid crossing (in 5 - 10 turns) of integer tune values in EMMA did not result in transverse amplitude growth and particle loss. If the wider societal goals of the non-scaling FFAG are to be realised, protons and other heavy ions must be accelerated. Current technological limitations dictate that longer acceleration times of the order 1000's of turns would be necessary in proton machines of similar design to EMMA. Hence slower integer tune crossing was studied using acceleration in a synchrotron bucket in EMMA. It was found experimentally that below the nominal EMMA operating acceleration rate of 2.0 MV per turn, instabilities begin to manifest. This was indicated in the growth of closed orbit distortion (COD) and through simulation it was found that betatron amplitude growth coupled with COD resulted in eventual loss of particles to the physical aperture when crossing integer tunes. Through simulation, the amplitude growth of particles crossing integer tunes in the EMMA non-scaling FFAG was found to agree with a theory of resonance crossing proposed by R. Baartman. This theory shows that amplitude growth is proportional to $1/\sqrt(Q')$ where $Q'$ is the tune crossing rate of the particles. This means that the slower the acceleration, the slower an integer tune is crossed and hence more amplitude is gained. It was also shown that strength of the magnetic errors driving the resonant conditions was proportional to the amplitude growth.
- Published
- 2014
28. Did We Need Another Emma? The Anxiety of Influence in the Bollywood Adaptation of Emma
- Author
-
Meenakshi Bharat
- Subjects
Jane Austen ,Indian cinema ,Bollywood ,Emma ,Aisha ,adaptation ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 - Abstract
The multiple screen adaptations of Jane Austen’s novels, and in particular, those of Emma (1815–1816), willy-nilly direct audience attention to the problematic continuities between the original novel and Rajshri Ojha’s twenty-first century Bollywood adaptation, Aisha (2010). This essay addresses the issue of the competing influence of Austen and the global cinematic adaptations that precede this Hindi adaptation, even as it assesses the film for its engagement with the adaptation of Austenian social concerns to the particularities of the contemporary upper-middle-class urban existence in India.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Digital Libraries in Open Education: The Italy Case
- Author
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Tammaro, Anna Maria, Ciancio, Laura, De Rosa, Rosanna, Pantò, Eleonora, Nascimbeni, Fabio, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series editor, Grana, Costantino, editor, and Baraldi, Lorenzo, editor
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Extensible Multimodal Annotation for Intelligent Interactive Systems
- Author
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Johnston, Michael and Dahl, Deborah A., editor
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. End member and Bayesian mixing models consistently indicate near‐surface flowpath dominance in a pristine humid tropical rainforest.
- Author
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Birkel, Christian, Correa Barahona, Alicia, Duvert, Clément, Granados Bolaños, Sebastián, Chavarría Palma, Andres, Durán Quesada, Ana Maria, Sánchez Murillo, Ricardo, and Biester, Harald
- Subjects
RAIN forests ,FOREST conversion ,SOLIFLUCTION ,GROUNDWATER flow ,TRITIUM ,SOIL moisture - Abstract
The impacts of forest conversion on runoff generation in the tropics have received much interest, but scientific progress is still hampered by challenging fieldwork conditions and limited knowledge about runoff mechanisms. Here, we assessed the runoff generation, flow paths and water source dynamics of a pristine rainforest catchment in Costa Rica using end member mixing analysis (EMMA) and a Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR). Geochemical tracer data collected over a 4‐week field campaign were combined with tritium data used to assess potential deeper groundwater flow pathways to the perennial stream. The streamflow composition was best captured using three end‐members, namely throughfall, shallow (5–15 cm) and deeper (15–50 cm) soil water. We estimated the end‐member contributions to the main stream and two tributaries using the two mixing approaches and found good agreement between results obtained from EMMA and MixSIAR. The system was overwhelmingly dominated by near‐surface sources, with little evidence for deeper and older groundwater as tritium‐derived baseflow mean transit time was between 2.0 and 4.4 years. The shallow soil flow pathway dominated streamflow contributions in the main stream (median 39% and 49% based on EMMA and MixSIAR, respectively), followed by the deeper soil (32% and 31%) and throughfall (25% and 19%). The two tributaries had even greater shallow soil water contributions relative to the main stream (83% and 74% for tributary A and 42% and 63% for tributary B). Tributary B had no detectable deep soil water contribution, reflecting the morphology of the hillslope (steeper slopes, shallower soils and lower vegetation density compared to hillslope A). Despite the short sampling campaign and associated uncertainties, this study allowed to thoroughly assess runoff generation mechanisms in a humid tropical catchment. Our results also provide a first comparison of two increasingly used mixing models and suggest that EMMA and MixSIAR yield comparable estimates of water source partitioning in this tropical, volcanic rainforest environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. "The Meaner & More Usual &c.": Everybody in Emma.
- Author
-
GREANEY, MICHAEL
- Subjects
- *
PUBLIC opinion , *GOSSIP , *SHARED housing , *CONTEMPT (Attitude) , *MEDIOCRITY , *GAZE , *NEIGHBORHOODS - Abstract
This essay aims to read Jane Austen's Emma (1815) not as a portrait of a pampered individual but as a story of collective or communal selfhood--that is, as the story of everybody. "Everybody"--the term is used approximately one hundred times in this novel--in Emma is both more and less than a village or a neighborhood. Spread and shared across people, discourses, bodies, and institutions, "everybodiness" is variously apprehended as public opinion, or a ubiquitous collective gaze, or a shared repertoire of constantly updated gossip-narratives, without ever being quite reducible to any one of these. With a mixture of disdain and disquiet, Emma equates everybodiness with banal group-think, senseless chatter, lackluster mediocrity, and oppressive sameness--but, even as it thinks these superciliously undemocratic thoughts, Austen's novel grants "everybody" narrative space in which to contest the terms of its own marginalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Village Settlements in Mountainous Tropical Areas, Hotspots of Fecal Contamination as Evidenced by Escherichia coli and Stanol Concentrations in Stormwater Pulses.
- Author
-
Boithias L, Jardé E, Latsachack K, Thammahacksa C, Silvera N, Soulileuth B, Xayyalart M, Viguier M, Pierret A, Rochelle-Newall E, and Ribolzi O
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Water Microbiology, Chickens, Water Pollution, Water, Feces, Environmental Monitoring, Escherichia coli
- Abstract
Fecal bacteria in surface water may indicate threats to human health. Our hypothesis is that village settlements in tropical rural areas are major hotspots of fecal contamination because of the number of domestic animals usually roaming in the alleys and the lack of fecal matter treatment before entering the river network. By jointly monitoring the dynamics of Escherichia coli and of seven stanol compounds during four flood events (July-August 2016) at the outlet of a ditch draining sewage and surface runoff out of a village of Northern Lao PDR, our objectives were (1) to assess the range of E. coli concentration in the surface runoff washing off from a village settlement and (2) to identify the major contributory sources of fecal contamination using stanol compounds during flood events. E. coli pulses ranged from 4.7 × 10
4 to 3.2 × 106 most probable number (MPN) 100 mL-1 , with particle-attached E. coli ranging from 83 to 100%. Major contributory feces sources were chickens and humans (about 66 and 29%, respectively), with the highest percentage switching from the human pole to the chicken pole during flood events. Concentrations indicate a severe fecal contamination of surface water during flood events and suggest that villages may be considered as major hotspots of fecal contamination pulses into the river network and thus as point sources in hydrological models.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The role of the educational psychologist in promoting effective multi-agency collaborations
- Author
-
Eaton, Andrew David, Norwich, Brahm, and Rose, Jo
- Subjects
370.15 ,multi-agency ,collaboration ,inter-professional ,Leadership ,conflict ,conflict resolution ,hierarchical ,systemic ,eco-systemic ,EMMA ,self-organised learning ,educational psychologists ,conflict mode ,Reflective practitioner ,consultative models ,traded work - Abstract
Service integration is central to current government strategy for promoting positive outcomes for young people with educational and additional needs, yet evidence to support the efficacy of this strategy remains elusive. A review of the literature finds that many of the facilitators of successful multi-agency working are at the intra-group level. These barriers and facilitating factors are organised into an Eco-systemic Model of Multi-Agency Working (EMMA) which addresses leadership processes, group-level interactions and problem-solving processes. The first stage of the study generates data for intervention materials to be used in the second stage. This is achieved by comparing the purposes and practices of each group at different systemic levels. This stage of the study also provides baseline questionnaire data for the second stage of the study. Consideration is given to the sources of conflict within each group, the strategies used to resolve these conflicts and the levels of hierarchical and systemic thinking within the participating multi-agency groups. The resulting analysis is found to fit well within the EMMA model and the distinctiveness of each of the systemic levels as well as their interdependence is discussed. Suggestions are made for improved multi-agency practices and new directions for the educational psychologist in facilitating improved practice are explored. Paper II Abstract In the first phase of this two-stage study, self-organised learning principles were proposed as a useful knowledge base upon which to draw when facilitating change in multi-agency groups. In this second phase, this hypothesis is put to the test. Data from the first phase is used in combination with wider research findings to design feedback materials for participating groups. Evidence gathered from ensuing meeting transcripts, interviews and questionnaire data is compared with baseline data gathered in the first phase to assess the impact of this intervention on group functioning. Evidence is presented of improved clarity of purpose, improved group functioning and early signs of improved outcomes, though results are highly variable between groups. Different levels of group functioning were found to be inter-dependent, lending support to an eco-systemic model of multi-agency working. Trait-based models of leadership and conflict resolution are challenged. It is argued that improving outcomes for young people is dependent upon the healthy functioning of multi-agency groups and that investing resources in reflective learning in multi-agency groups is a worthwhile step towards securing better outcomes for young people.
- Published
- 2010
35. "penance and mortification for ever": or, How Agnes Grey Bucked the Trend and Found True Happiness.
- Author
-
MARKWICK, MARGARET
- Subjects
READER-response criticism - Abstract
Agnes Grey is a disregarded book by an overlooked author. Anne Brontë's first published novel has long been overshadowed by her sister Emily's Wuthering Heights, due to its joint publication in a three-decker. This essay examines various readings of Agnes Grey and proposes some alternatives. Dividing the novel into sections to show how each portion of Agnes' life suppresses different aspects of her sense of selfhood, it evaluates themes of erasure from a feminist perspective. Using Wolfgang Iser's reader-response theory, this reading is then measured against a small empirical research study to uncover a range of current-day reader responses demonstrating the subtleties and densities of a finely constructed novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Enhanced Mentor Mother ProgrAm (EMMA) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Bruce A. Larson, Margaret Bii, Isaac Tsikhutsu, Nafisa Halim, Vanessa Wolfman, Peter Coakley, William Sugut, and Fredrick Sawe
- Subjects
AIDS ,Antiretroviral therapy ,Prevention of mother to child transmission ,Mentor mothers ,EMMA ,Kenya ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background As of September 2014, Kenya implemented the WHO recommended Option B+ guidelines in which all newly diagnosed HIV-infected pregnant women are immediately eligible for triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) for life regardless of CD4 count. In addition, Kenya previously established the Kenya Mentor Mother Program (KMMP) in 2012 to improve peer education and psychosocial support services within the national prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program. The primary objectives of the study described in the current protocol are: (1) to evaluate implementation of these new guidelines (Option B+ with Mentor Mothers) as part of routine service delivery; and (2) to evaluate potential benefits of a package of services within the KMMP (called EMMA) to improve PMTCT service delivery. Methods We will conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. We will allocate 12 clinics providing PMTCT services including ART to two study arms using pair matching: the standard of care (SOC) arm, which includes the KMMP as implemented by the clinics; and the intervention arm, which is the SOC (including KMMP) with the EMMA package of services (a targeted exit interview, visit reminders, and targeted follow-up). At the intervention clinics, the EMMA package of services is implemented as part of routine service delivery. A total of 360 (180 in each arm) pregnant women will be enrolled in the study at or near their first visit for antenatal care for prospective records review through 72 weeks post-partum. The primary and secondary outcomes are uninterrupted supplies of ART medications throughout the PMTCT cascade of care as well as infants completing HIV testing on schedule. Discussion The EMMA package of services provides specific structure to the use of Mentor Mothers within PMTCT programs. This strategy was developed in collaboration with local health facility and PMTCT program staff based on their experience providing PMTCT services within the integrated ART-MCH facilities. If successful, this approach has the potential to improve dramatically PMTCT service delivery with minor additional costs beyond the basic mother–mentor program and support global goals to eliminate mother-to-child transmission. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02848235. Registered on 19 July 2016.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Tenille Dashwood gives update on in-ring future.
- Author
-
Currier, Joseph
- Subjects
WOMEN wrestlers ,PROFESSIONAL wrestling ,CAREER development ,COMMITMENT (Psychology) - Abstract
The former Emma doesn't think she'll ever fully step away from wrestling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
38. Former WWE Stars Madcap Moss and Tenille Dashwood Begin New Chapter After Dream Hawaiian Wedding.
- Author
-
Varble, Aaron
- Abstract
The pro wrestling world is full of couples, and one of them just made their union official. Madcap Moss and Tenille Dashwood went through a lot together, and they were also released on the same day in September 2023. Now, they are husband and wife. People got the exclusive tip that the former WWE... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
39. Former WWE wrestlers Emma & Riddick Moss get married.
- Author
-
Currier, Joseph
- Subjects
MARRIAGE ,PROFESSIONAL wrestlers ,WOMEN wrestlers - Abstract
Their wedding took place in Hawaii on Friday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
40. Optimal Transport for Assessing Nitrate Source‐Pathway Connectivity.
- Author
-
Husic, Admin, Fox, James, Mahoney, Tyler, Gerlitz, Morgan, Pollock, Erik, and Backus, Jason
- Subjects
NITRATES ,AQUATIC habitats ,WATER quality ,WATER supply ,TRANSPORT theory - Abstract
Excessive nitrate threatens a wide range of water resources, aquatic habitats, and sensitive infrastructure. Despite this problem, tracing a nutrient from its eventual fate back to its origin remains an elusive challenge due to heterogeneity in how nutrient sources and hydrologic pathways are connected. Typically, this problem is underdetermined (i.e., too many unknowns, not enough equations) and cannot be solved with existing methodologies. The theory of optimal transport allows for the solution of underdetermined systems, and here we construct a novel formulation for its use in water quality modeling. Our objective was to develop an optimal transport modeling framework—coupled to Bayesian source unmixing, loadograph pathway separation, and geospatial connectivity analysis—to apportion nitrate loading from three sources (soil, fertilizer, and manure) across three pathways (quick, intermediate, and slow), resulting in nine possible source‐pathway couplings (soil‐quick, soil‐intermediate, ..., manure‐slow). We apply this model to a 30 month elemental (NO3−) and isotopic (δ15N and δ18O) nitrate data set from a karst watershed in Kentucky, USA. Modeling results indicate that—of the nine possible source‐pathway couplings—nearly 60% of nitrate export is facilitated by just three: fertilizer‐quick (16.4%), manure‐intermediate (15.4%), and soil‐slow (27.2%). Further, we reinforce the need to explicitly consider heterogeneity in source‐pathway connectivity as homogeneous assumptions lead to erroneous inferences. The applicability of the model, its input requirements, and transferability to other sites is discussed. Lastly, we simulated two land management scenarios (field buffers and septic repair) and demonstrate how optimal transport can be used to test nutrient reduction strategies. Key Points: Optimal transport modeling allows for the solution of underdetermined source‐pathway transport problemsSpatial heterogeneity in the connectivity of sources and pathways shifts the dominant couplings of nitrate transportWe provide a new tool for identifying source‐pathway couplings that lead to high nutrient loading to streams [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Determination of acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibition by electrophoretically-mediated microanalysis and phenolic profile by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS of fruit juices from Brazilian Myrtaceae Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel and Eugenia uniflora L.
- Author
-
Siebert, Diogo Alexandre, de Mello, Flávia, Alberton, Michele Debiasi, Vitali, Luciano, and Micke, Gustavo Amadeu
- Subjects
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ,FRUIT juices ,EUGENIA ,MYRTACEAE ,PHENOLS ,ALZHEIMER'S disease - Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus are contemporary diseases of great concern. Phenolic compounds are linked to several health benefits and could lead to novel strategies to combat these ailments. The objective of this study was to evaluate by electrophoretically-mediated microanalysis the potential inhibitory activity of the fruit juices from Plinia cauliflora ("jaboticaba") and Eugenia uniflora ("pitanga") toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase, target enzymes in strategies for the treatment of these diseases. The phenolic profiles of the samples were also investigated. Jaboticaba and pitanga juices inhibited 85.90 ± 1.73 and 52.67 ± 1.24% of AChE activity at 5 mg mL
−1 , and 57.91 ± 2.60 and 69.47 ± 2.89% of α-glucosidase activity at 1 mg mL−1 , respectively. Total phenolic content of the juices were 303.54 ± 28.28 and 367.00 ± 11.42 mgGA L−1 , respectively. The observed inhibitory activity can be explained, at least in part, by the presence of the phenolic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Sedimentological Evidence for Pronounced Glacial‐Interglacial Climate Fluctuations in NE Tibet in the Latest Pliocene to Early Pleistocene.
- Author
-
Lu, Yin, Dewald, Nico, Koutsodendris, Andreas, Kaboth‐Bahr, Stefanie, Rösler, Wolfgang, Fang, Xiaomin, Pross, Jörg, Appel, Erwin, and Friedrich, Oliver
- Subjects
INTERGLACIALS ,PALEOPEDOLOGY ,CLIMATOLOGY ,SEDIMENT transport ,CLIMATE change ,TOPOGRAPHY ,GRAIN size - Abstract
The intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (iNHG) and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau have been argued to be among the main drivers of climate change in midlatitude Central Asia during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. While most proxy records that support this hypothesis are from regions outside the Tibetan Plateau (such as from the Chinese Loess Plateau), detailed paleoclimatic information for the plateau itself during that time has yet remained elusive. Here we present a temporally highly resolved (~500 years) sedimentological record from the Qaidam Basin situated on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau that shows pronounced glacial‐interglacial climate variability during the interval from 2.7 to 2.1 Ma. Glacial (interglacial) intervals are generally characterized by coarser (finer) grain size, minima (maxima) in organic matter content, and maxima (minima) in carbonate content. Comparison of our results with Earth's orbital parameters and proxy records from the Chinese Loess Plateau suggests that the observed climate fluctuations were mainly driven by changes in the Siberian High/East Asian winter monsoon system as a response to the iNHG. They are further proposed to be enhanced by the topography of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the position and intensity of the westerlies. Key Points: Pronounced glacial‐interglacial climate fluctuations on the NE Tibetan Plateau during the latest Pliocene and early PleistoceneChanges in East Asian Winter Monsoon and the position of the westerlies influenced sediment transport on the NE Tibetan PlateauIntensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation amplified climate fluctuations on the NE Tibetan Plateau [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A Study of Gender Difference in Language from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle--Taking Emma as an Example.
- Author
-
Yuqiu Hou and Yu Sun
- Subjects
FEMINISM ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS - Abstract
Emma was a representative book of Jane Austen. She wrote six novels all her life; however some scholars think that it's perhaps the most mature one. Therefore, Emma has also become the main novel to study not only in the field of literature but also in linguistics. However, most of the researches in China focus on the characters, language features, and feminism in it. Few people analyze this novel from the perspective of sociolinguistics and pragmatics. This paper mainly uses the Cooperative Principle as the theoretical framework to do some research in the dialogue fragments in the novel in order to analyze the gender differences in language. What's more, this paper will explore the language difference of male and female in avoiding Cooperative Principle. This article is a new study of Emma and a deep understanding of the gender differences in language in order to inspire the future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Observing unseen flowlines and their contribution to near stream endmembers in forested headwater catchments.
- Author
-
Luxembourg Institute of Science & Technology - LIST [research center], Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor], van Zweel, Karl Nicolaus, Luxembourg Institute of Science & Technology - LIST [research center], Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor], and van Zweel, Karl Nicolaus
- Abstract
The general scope of the PhD research project falls within the framework of developing integrated catchment hydro-biogeochemical theories in the context of the Critical Zone (CZ). Significant advances in the understanding of water transit time theory, subsurface structure controls, and the quantification of catchment scale weathering rates have resulted in the convergence of classical biogeochemical and hydrological theories. This will potentially pave the way for a more mechanistic understanding of CZ because many challenges still exist. Perhaps the most difficult of all is a unifying hydro-biogeochemical theory that can compare catchments across gradients of climate, geology, and vegetation. Understanding the processes driving the evolution of chemical tracers as they move through space and time is of cardinal importance to validating mixing hypotheses and assisting in determining the residence time of water in CZ. The specific aim of the study is to investigate what physical and biogeochemical processes are driving variations in observable endmembers in stream discharge as a function of the hydrological state at headwater catchment scale. This requires looking beyond what can be observed in the stream and what is called ”unseen flowlines” in this thesis. The Weierbach Experimental Catchment (WEC) in Luxembourg provides a unique opportunity to study these processes, with an extensive biweekly groundwater chemistry dataset spanning over ten years. Additionally, WEC has been the subject of numerous published works in the domain of CZ science, adding to an already detailed hydrological and geochemical understanding of the system. Multivariate analysis techniques were used to identify the unseen flowlines in the catchment. Together with the excising hydrological perception model and a geochemical modelling approach, these flowlines were rigorously investigated to understand what processes drive their respective manifestations in the system. The existing perceptual mod
- Published
- 2023
45. Escala de motivación hacia la matemática (EMMA)
- Author
-
Diaz Dumont, Jorge Rafael; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Tayacaja Daniel Hernández Morillo, Ledesma Cuadros, Mildred Jénica; Universidad César Vallejo, Tito Cárdenas, Julia Victoria; Ministerio de Educación, Diaz Tito, Luis Pablo; Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Diaz Dumont, Jorge Rafael; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Tayacaja Daniel Hernández Morillo, Ledesma Cuadros, Mildred Jénica; Universidad César Vallejo, Tito Cárdenas, Julia Victoria; Ministerio de Educación, and Diaz Tito, Luis Pablo; Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista
- Abstract
La educación constituye un fenómeno complejo que requiere tener en consideración el aspecto motivacional del estudiantado (Alonso, & Pino-Juste, 2014). En tal sentido, se requiere abordar estas variables con el fin de comprender que la motivación desempeña una función importante en el proceso de aprendizaje, más aún en el área de matemática; asimismo, se debe precisar que se encuentra relacionada con el incremento del rendimiento académico debido al compromiso cognitivo que adquiere el estudiante (Rivero-Menéndez et al., 2018); por ello, los docentes deben considerar dentro de su didáctica la motivación como elemento clave para despertar el interés de sus estudiantes sobre todo en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas.  
- Published
- 2023
46. Observing unseen flowlines and their contribution to near stream endmembers in forested headwater catchments
- Author
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van Zweel, Karl Nicolaus, Fonds National de la Recherche - FnR [sponsor], Luxembourg Institute of Science & Technology - LIST [research center], Hissler, Christophe [superviser], Bordas, Stéphane [president of the jury], Pfister, Laurent [secretary], Bouchez, Julien [member of the jury], and Hrachowitz, Markus [member of the jury]
- Subjects
Critical Zone ,Earth sciences & physical geography [G02] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences] ,Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres [C99] [Ingénierie, informatique & technologie] ,Multivariate analysis ,End member mixing analysis ,Sciences de la terre & géographie physique [G02] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre] ,PHREEQC ,Multidisciplinary, general & others [C99] [Engineering, computing & technology] ,EMMA ,Geochemical modeling - Abstract
The general scope of the PhD research project falls within the framework of developing integrated catchment hydro-biogeochemical theories in the context of the Critical Zone (CZ). Significant advances in the understanding of water transit time theory, subsurface structure controls, and the quantification of catchment scale weathering rates have resulted in the convergence of classical biogeochemical and hydrological theories. This will potentially pave the way for a more mechanistic understanding of CZ because many challenges still exist. Perhaps the most difficult of all is a unifying hydro-biogeochemical theory that can compare catchments across gradients of climate, geology, and vegetation. Understanding the processes driving the evolution of chemical tracers as they move through space and time is of cardinal importance to validating mixing hypotheses and assisting in determining the residence time of water in CZ. The specific aim of the study is to investigate what physical and biogeochemical processes are driving variations in observable endmembers in stream discharge as a function of the hydrological state at headwater catchment scale. This requires looking beyond what can be observed in the stream and what is called ”unseen flowlines” in this thesis. The Weierbach Experimental Catchment (WEC) in Luxembourg provides a unique opportunity to study these processes, with an extensive biweekly groundwater chemistry dataset spanning over ten years. Additionally, WEC has been the subject of numerous published works in the domain of CZ science, adding to an already detailed hydrological and geochemical understanding of the system. Multivariate analysis techniques were used to identify the unseen flowlines in the catchment. Together with the excising hydrological perception model and a geochemical modelling approach, these flowlines were rigorously investigated to understand what processes drive their respective manifestations in the system. The existing perceptual model for WEC was updated by the new findings and tested on 27 flood events to assess if it could adequately explain the c − Q behaviour observed during these periods. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it uses both data-driven modelling approaches and geochemical processbased modelling to look beyond what can be observed in the near-stream environment of headwaters.
- Published
- 2023
47. A Queen, a Countess and a Layman: The Patronage of Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand at Poitiers in the 11th Century.
- Author
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Gem, Richard
- Subjects
ROMANESQUE architecture ,ARCHITECTURE patronage ,ABBEYS ,MONASTERIES ,CHURCH property - Abstract
The paper offers a reassessment of the patrons involved in the construction of Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand in Poitiers during the 11th century. Three stages are identified. The first, to which Queen Emma of England may have contributed, fell perhaps in the 1020s. The second is that associated with Countess Agnes of Poitou-Aquitaine around 1049. The third followed on and saw the involvement around the 1070s and 1080s of the layman Gautier, a cordwainer by trade, as administrator of the work. The respective roles of the dukes of Aquitaine and the treasurers of Saint-Hilaire are also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Seeing the SEA in Jane Austen's EMMA and Ann Radcliffe's ROMANCE OF THE FOREST.
- Author
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Normandin, Shawn
- Subjects
- *
MONASTIC life - Abstract
Literary criticism of the book "Emma" by Jane Austen and "The Romance of the Forest" by Ann Radcliffe are presented. It outlines the characters and explores their symbolic significance. It examines the antimonastic significance of plot development and escapes of heroine Adeline from an evil marquis and her fantasies. An overview of the story is also given.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Quantifying the contribution of tile drainage to basin-scale water yield using analytical and numerical models.
- Author
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Schilling, Keith E., Gassman, Philip W., Arenas-Amado, Antonio, Jones, Christopher S., and Arnold, Jeff
- Abstract
Abstract The Des Moines Lobe (DML) of north-central Iowa has been artificially drained by subsurface drains and surface ditches to provide some of the most productive agricultural land in the world. Herein we report on the use of end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) models and the numerical model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to quantify the contribution of tile drainage to basin-scale water yields at various scales within the 2370 km2 Boone River watershed (BRW), a subbasin within the Des Moines River watershed. EMMA and SWAT methods suggested that tile drainage provided approximately 46 to 54% of annual discharge in the Boone River and during the March to June period, accounted for a majority of flow in the river. In the BRW subbasin of Lyons Creek, approximately 66% of the annual flow was sourced from tile drainage. Within the DML region, tile drainage contributes to basin-scale water yields at scales ranging from 40 to 16,000 km2, with downstream effects diminishing with increasing watershed size. Developing a better understanding of water sources contributing to river discharge is needed if mitigation and control strategies are going to be successfully targeted to reduce downstream nutrient export. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Discharge from subsurface drainage tiles comprises a substantial fraction of water yields in intensely-drained watersheds • Contributions from tile drainage to basin-scale water yields were detectable beyond 16,000 km2 • A better understanding of water sources contributing to river discharge is needed for mitigation and control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Spatially distributed hydro-chemical data with temporally high-resolution is needed to adequately assess the hydrological functioning of headwater catchments.
- Author
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Correa, Alicia, Breuer, Lutz, Crespo, Patricio, Célleri, Rolando, Feyen, Jan, Birkel, Christian, Silva, Camila, and Windhorst, David
- Abstract
Abstract We demonstrated the great value of spatially distributed and temporally high-resolution hydro-chemical data to enhance knowledge about the intra-catchment variability of flow processes and the runoff composition of individual storms in a tropical alpine (Páramo) ecosystem. In this study, water sources (rainfall, spring water, and water from soil layers of Histosols and Andosols) and nested streams were sampled bi-weekly (2013–2014), including three storm high-resolution events (5–240 min). Water samples were analyzed for 14 tracers including electrical conductivity (EC) and rare earth trace elements and used as input to perform End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA). End-members identified for the outlet could explain the hydrological behavior of four out of the five tributaries, indicating similar hydro-geochemical processes and geomorphic features within the catchments. The runoff source contributions of the individual sub-catchments varied among (e.g. Andosols ~40% in tributaries and ~25% at the outlet) and within storm events (e.g. Histosols 15% higher in small peak discharge event), indicating a time-variable composition of streamflows. The latter was also reflected by the interaction of different sources and the chronology of flow paths in EMMA-space, evidencing a faster connectivity with hillslopes in the upper sub-catchments compared to the lower sub-catchments. We found counter-clockwise hysteresis patterns of storms in the lower catchments and clockwise hysteresis loops in the upper catchments. The latter bi-directionality can be related to lower slopes, wider riparian areas and the higher proportion of Histosols in the lower catchments compared to the upper sites. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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