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Copyright of Anaesthesiologie & Intensivmedizin is the property of DGAI e.V. - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aims: The previous recommendations of the German Centre for Addiction Issues (DHS) how to deal with alcohol were based on low-risk drinking limits. The aim of this statement was to update this recommendation. Methods: A narrative review of the current literature on the relationship between alcohol consumption and the development of morbidity and mortality was carried out by a sub-working group of the Scientific Board of Trustees of the DHS. The summary of the evidence and the recommendations derived from it were agreed upon by the entire Board of Trustees and adopted by the DHS Board. Results: A positive relation between alcohol consumption and health, as found in earlier studies, is due to methodological shortcomings. It cannot be concluded from the evidence that alcohol has a health-promoting effect. In addition, available data reveal a linear relationship between alcohol consumption and the development of diseases and premature death. The linear associations between the amount of alcohol consumed and the probability of falling ill or dying apply to common diseases in both men and women. Conclusion: Recommendations based on low-risk drinking quantities can no longer be upheld. Instead, it is recommended to reduce alcohol consumption – regardless of the amount of alcohol drunk. For physical health it is best not to drink alcohol at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ORDO: Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medizinische Klinik: Intensivmedizin & Notfallmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anaesthesiologie & Intensivmedizin is the property of DGAI e.V. - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The consensus-based guideline "SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and (early) rehabilitation" for Germany has two sections: In the first part, the guideline addresses infection protection-related procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the second part, it provides practice recommendations for rehabilitation after COVID-19. The specific recommendations for rehabilitation after COVID-19 as issued by 13 German medical societies and two patient-representative organizations are presented together with general background information for their development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The therapy of back pain – especially the medication with opioids – can be challenging for the treating physician. Specific back pain can often be diagnosed by imaging and successfully treated by surgery or medication. In contrast, nonspecific back pain can be worsened by inappropriate imaging, questionable surgical indications and uncontrolled drug use. For the therapy of nonspecific back pain, maintaining daily activity and exercise therapy is central. Opioids are effective drugs for short-term use. However, long-term use often leads to opioid-induced hyperalgesia and hormonal dysfunction with decreased quality of life and libido. Furthermore, opioids can lead to abuse and addiction. After an ineffective treatment with non-opioids, opioids may be given for a limited time period (if possible shorter than four weeks) according to international guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Germany, guidelines for hygiene in hospitals are given in form of recommendations by the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention, "KRINKO"). The KRINKO and its voluntary work are legitimized by the mandate according to § 23 of the Infection Protection Act (Infektionsschutzgesetz, "IfSG"). The original German version of this document was published in February 2021 and has now been made available to the international professional public in English. The guideline provides recommendations on infection prevention and control for immunocompromised individuals in health care facilities. This recommendation addresses not only measures related to direct medical care of immunocompromised patients, but also management aspects such as surveillance, screening, antibiotic stewardship, and technical/structural aspects such as patient rooms, air quality, and special measures during renovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Spektrum der Augenheilkunde is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik is the property of Narr Francke Attempto Verlag GmbH & Co.KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Urologe A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob Vorstandsabfindungen von börsennotierten Unternehmen durch die Empfehlung 4.2.3 Abs. 4 Satz 1 des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex in der Fassung vom 7. Februar 2017 in ihrer Höhe begrenzt werden. Die dort vorgeschlagene Vereinbarung einer Begrenzung der Abfindungshöhe im Anstellungsvertrag entfaltet jedoch bei der vorzeitigen Vertragsbeendigung mittels eines Aufhebungsvertrags keine rechtliche Bindungswirkung. Die Analyse umfangreicher empirischer Daten zu Entsprechenserklärungen aller CDAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 zeigt, dass signifikant mehr als 20 Prozent der Unternehmen die Vereinbarung der empfohlenen Obergrenze ablehnen. Des Weiteren kann für die tatsächlichen Abfindungsrelationen vorzeitig ausgeschiedener Vorstandsmitglieder von DAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 gezeigt werden, dass die empfohlenen Obergrenzen trotz anderslautender Entsprechenserklärungen mehrheitlich überschritten wurden. Auf Basis der empirischen Ergebnisse wird eine Gestaltungsempfehlung für die Praxis abgeleitet, welche der Empfehlung zu einer stärkeren Wirkung verhelfen kann. This study examines whether the severance payments to members of the management board of listed companies are restricted by recommendation 4.2.3 paragraph 4 sentence 1 of the German Corporate Governance Code dated February 7, 2017. However, the agreement proposed there to limit the amount of severance payments in the employment contract does not have any legal binding effect if the contract is terminated prematurely by means of a termination agreement. The analysis of extensive empirical data on declarations of conformity by all CDAX companies in the years 2010 to 2014 shows that significantly more than 20 percent of companies reject the agreement of the recommended upper limit. Furthermore, it can be shown for the actual severance ratios of prematurely retired executive board members of DAX companies in the years 2010 to 2014 that the majority of the recommended upper limits were exceeded despite declarations of conformity to the contrary. On the basis of the empirical results, a design recommendation for practice is derived, which can help the recommendation to have a stronger impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Report of the working group for recommendations on excavations: outlook 6th edition EAB – underpinnings, excavations in soft soils, head deformations of non‐supported walls The working group "Baugruben" of the German Geotechnical Society deals with the revision and supplement of the present 5th edition in process of the preparation of the 6th edition of the Recommendations on Excavations (EAB). In this course, new recommendations for the design and execution of underpinnings, a complete editorial revision of the section "Excavations in soft soils" as well as additional recommendations for the determination of head deformations of non‐supported walls were established. From the perspective of the working group "Baugruben", this took into account the practical requirements, the ease of use of the recommendations and the events of damage in construction works. The subject of this article is the reprinting of the main passages and revised recommendations with the request for comment from experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The significance of interprofessional education (IPE) for interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and thus optimal patient care is widely recognised. As a starting point for a needs-based IPE development, we conducted focus groups interviews with students of different health professions. We assessed experiences with IPE and IPC, ascertained resulting IPE needs, and discussed opportunities for curricular implementation, to meet long-term challenges to health care. Methods: Using semi-structured interview guides, we conducted five focus groups with altogether 18 trainees of different health professions and students of medicine and Interprofessional Health Care. We transcribed and analysed the data using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three main categories of IPE approaches emerged out of the analysis: "content", "settings", and "challenges". Contents as suggested by focus group participants are sessions about basic knowledge, prac- tical skills, communication and interprofessional collaboration. The settings should comprise different forms and methods of teaching and didactic designs. As challenges, participants named unfamiliarity, teacher demands, differences in needs, diverging curriculum structures, heterogeneous prior knowledge, and aspects of timing. Conclusion: Based on their prior experiences with IPC and IPE in other contexts, participants generated diverse ideas for new interprofessional courses and potential application in other IPC/IPE settings. This allows to integrate new IPE approaches into curriculum development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Influence of the digitalization on the communication and the cooperation in the steel construction. Digitalization has already enhanced productivity and quality in many industries. Due to the increasing digitalization in the context of Industry 4.0 and the currently ascent in dissemination of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the construction industry as well as the constantly growing technical possibilities, especially the computing power and storage capacity, the construction of steel structures is intensively influenced. The aim of this essay is to provide an impetus for a cross‐disciplinary discussion on the influence of digitalization in steel construction regarding communication and cooperation. Based on the various forms of cooperation, general requirements for communication and cooperation concerning selected steel construction processes as well as the involved roles are presented. Based on a knowledge‐oriented communication model created by the authors, it will be described in short how the communication as well as the information and knowledge generation and organization can be influenced by digitalization. In addition, communication and interaction patterns with/from/through machines are also being discussed, which will have a greater impact in the future. Finally, recommendations are given for the digital transformation in the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of German Journal of Sports Medicine / Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Sportmedizin is the property of Verein zur Forderung der Sportmedizin Hannover e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Laboratory Medicine / Laboratoriums Medizin is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We evaluated prevalence of VitD deficiency and possible seasonal fluctuations in inhabitants of Southern Switzerland. We analysed clinical data (age, sex, diagnosis, comorbidity, number of drugs) as indicators for VitD deficiency. VitD values were measured in older internal medicine patient population enteringthe emergency unit of the Bellinzona regional hospital in spring (n = 53) and in autumn (n = 49, other population). Prevalence was 98% (average 21.4±12.2 nmol/l) in spring and 63% in autumn (average 43.7±18.6 nmol/l). After summer, 66% of patients presented a deficiency. No significant correlation was found between tested clinical data and deficiency. According to these results and federal recommendations, prophylaxis with 800 IU daily in all older people is reasonable, especially in winter. It is cost-efficient, safe and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biotechnologie ist ein exemplarischer Fall „Neuer Technologien“, die die Möglichkeitshorizonte moderner Gesellschaften definieren und deren Diskussion Einblick in zentrale gesellschaftliche Interessenlagen, Konfliktlinien und Entwicklungsdynamiken erlauben. Eine sozialwissenschaftliche und historische Perspektive auf die Kommunikation, Debatten und Kontroversen um Biotechnologie gibt Hinweise auf neue, mehr Erfolg versprechende Kommunikationsansätze. Visionäre Forschungsfelder wie die Künstliche Fotosynthese und kontroverse Bereiche wie die sog. Genom-Chirurgie stellen immer wieder von neuem die Frage, wie neben Vertretern von Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft auch Vertreter von (Teil-)Öffentlichkeit(en) ihre Ideen, Erwartungen und Befürchtungen einbringen können und wie sich Öffentlichkeit frühzeitig in Innovationsprozesse einbeziehen lässt.

Veränderungen in der Wissenschaft (v. a. im Sinne einer Ökonomisierung und Medialisierung im Kontext des New Public Management) und in den Medien (v. a. eine ökonomische Krise im Zuge der Digitalisierung) führen zu einem weit reichenden Wandel der Formen, Strukturen und der Kräfteverhältnisse von Wissenschaftskommunikation zwischen Wissenschaft, Wissenschafts-PR und Journalismus. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert einige dieser Veränderungen und führt bisherige Empfehlungen ebenso wie aktuelle Fragestellungen zweier Arbeitsgruppen der deutschen Wissenschaftsakademien zu diesem Themenkomplex zusammen. Die Autoren kommen zu dem Fazit, dass die Analyse der Chancen und Risiken der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung der Kommunikation von Wissen in der Gesellschaft als dauerhaftes Feld der Technikfolgenabschätzung etabliert werden sollte.

The visions of TA itself receive hardly any attention, although the field is variously engaged in the contests of sociotechnical futures in the making. In this essay we show, however, that TA is full of implicit and explicit visions of the future and that it enacts different relationships to these visions and the role they play in innovation and transformation processes. We outline the three ideal types “observer of visions”, “co-constructor of visions”, and “visioneer” to designate different modes how TA is dealing with visions of the future – by others and by itself. These ideal types may help to (dis-)entangle the different implicit and explicit TA visions in current TA practices and may serve as an orientation to develop a “visioneering TA” which strategically takes part in contesting futures through promoting visions. The essay ends with suggestions for TA to engage more seriously with its futures.

Im Stahl- und Verbundbrückenbau haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten Querschnittsausbildungen unter Verwendung von ein- oder mehrzelligen Stahlhohlkästen allgemein durchgesetzt, da diese Bauweise technisch-wirtschaftliche Vorteile aufweist und dank ihrer glatten und geschlossenen Außenflächen sehr gute Prüfungs- und Unterhaltungsmöglichkeiten von außen bietet. Um auch die Innenflächen von begehbaren Hohlkästen ausreichend gegen Korrosion zu schützen und eine Prüfung und Unterhaltung der Innenräume zu ermöglichen, kam hierbei in der Regel ein dreilagiger Innenanstrich zur Ausführung und es wurden umfangreiche stationäre oder auch bewegliche Begehungseinrichtungen installiert. Beide Maßnahmen führen zu einem relativ hohen Kostenaufwand sowohl bei der Herstellung als auch bei der laufenden Wartung und Unterhaltung des Brückenbauwerks. Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über die in jüngster Zeit verstärkten Bemühungen, einerseits neue Querschnittsformen zu entwickeln und andererseits fortschrittliche und auf diese Querschnitte abgestimmte Verfahren zum Innenkorrosionsschutz und zur Begehung von derartigen Brücken einzusetzen. Advanced methods for the inside protection against corrosion and the accessibility of bridges with advanced box-girder design. Steel- and composite bridges with single- or multi-cell box girder designs have succeeded during the last decades because these bridge types show important technical and economical advantages. Furthermore they could offer excellent conditions for the inspection and maintenance of the outside of the structure due to their plain and closed steel surfaces. In order to secure proper protection against corrosion of the inside of the box girders as well and to enable a good accessibility for reasons of inspection and maintenance, there has usually been applied a painting system consisting of three coats and there have been installed permanent gangways and/or movable inspection gantries inside the box girders. Both measures naturally imply relatively high costs both for the original implementation and the running inspection and maintenance of the inside of the box girders. As a consequence, nowadays has been made every effort to develop advanced cross section designs on the one hand and to implement progressive methods for the inside protection against corrosion on the other hand which could fit in perfectly to these new cross sections. This paper will describe the new developments in the field of inside protection against corrosion in connection with advanced bridge designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]