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3. Radiative forcing of natural forest disturbances

Author

O'Halloran, Thomas L, Law, Beverly E, Goulden, Michael L, Wang, Zhuosen, Barr, Jordan G, Schaaf, Crystal, Brown, Mathew, Fuentes, José D, Göckede, Mathias, Black, Andrew, and Engel, Vic

Subjects
Life on Land, Climate Action, albedo, beetles, carbon, disturbance, fire, forests, hurricane, radiative forcing, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Forest disturbances are major sources of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, and therefore impact global climate. Biogeophysical attributes, such as surface albedo (reflectivity), further control the climate-regulating properties of forests. Using both tower-based and remotely sensed data sets, we show that natural disturbances from wildfire, beetle outbreaks, and hurricane wind throw can significantly alter surface albedo, and the associated radiative forcing either offsets or enhances the CO 2 forcing caused by reducing ecosystem carbon sequestration over multiple years. In the examined cases, the radiative forcing from albedo change is on the same order of magnitude as the CO 2 forcing. The net radiative forcing resulting from these two factors leads to a local heating effect in a hurricane-damaged mangrove forest in the subtropics, and a cooling effect following wildfire and mountain pine beetle attack in boreal forests with winter snow. Although natural forest disturbances currently represent less than half of gross forest cover loss, that area will probably increase in the future under climate change, making it imperative to represent these processes accurately in global climate models. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Published
2012

14. Radiative forcing of natural forest disturbances

Author

O'Halloran, Thomas L., primary, Law, Beverly E., additional, Goulden, Michael L., additional, Wang, Zhuosen, additional, Barr, Jordan G., additional, Schaaf, Crystal, additional, Brown, Mathew, additional, Fuentes, José D., additional, Göckede, Mathias, additional, Black, Andrew, additional, and Engel, Vic, additional

Published
2011
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17. Recent and Historic Drivers of Landscape Change in the Everglades Ridge, Slough, and Tree Island Mosaic

Author

Larsen, Laurel, primary, Aumen, Nicholas, additional, Bernhardt, Christopher, additional, Engel, Vic, additional, Givnish, Thomas, additional, Hagerthey, Scot, additional, Harvey, Judson, additional, Leonard, Lynn, additional, McCormick, Paul, additional, Mcvoy, Christopher, additional, Noe, Gregory, additional, Nungesser, Martha, additional, Rutchey, Kenneth, additional, Sklar, Fred, additional, Troxler, Tiffany, additional, Volin, John, additional, and Willard, Debra, additional

Published
2011
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23. Sea-level rise: Observations, impacts, and proactive measures in Everglades National Park.

Author

Stabenau, Erik, Engel, Vic, Sadle, Jimi, and Pearlstine, Leonard

Abstract

Everglades National Park, because of its flat landscape, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of sea-level rise. The goal of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan is to improve the quantity, quality, timing, and distribution of freshwater to the greater Everglades region, primarily for habitat restoration purposes, yet this program may also provide reprieve from an adverse impact of sea-level rise: saltwater intrusion. We present here evidence that sea-level rise and saltwater intrusion are affecting the park with changes evident in the composition of coastal forest communities. Controlled experiments reveal species-based differences in the salinity tolerance of plants in the coastal community and suggest that climate change may alter the coastal ecology of the park. Furthermore, in some regions a common response to saltwater intrusion, upland migration, is not likely because of a lack of suitable habitat and, as a result, local ecological changes are probable. Park management is developing prioritized protection options for species and habitats at risk in light of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

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