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In this paper, a MEMS microphone array system scheme is proposed which implements real-time direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for moving vehicles. Wind noise is the primary source of unwanted noise on microphones outdoors. A multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is used in this paper for direction finding associated with spatial coherence to discriminate between the wind noise and the acoustic signals of a vehicle. The method is implemented in a SHARC DSP processor and the real-time estimated DOA is uploaded through Bluetooth or a UART module. Experimental results in different places show the validity of the system and the deviation is no bigger than 6° in the presence of wind noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study suggests that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) may play an important role in the development of bovine adipose tissue in vivo. To investigate the differential mRNA expression between bovine intramuscular (IM) preadipocytes (BIPs) and subcutaneous (SC) preadipocytes (BSPs), conventional collagenase- based procedures were modified to harvest preadipocytes from the longissimus dorsi muscle and SC adipose tissue of Luxi cattle, respectively. The time-spatial expression of SIRT1 and associated genes, such as forkhead box O1(FoxO1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH), and leptin, during bovine preadipocyte differentiation were investigated using real-time quantitative PCR. The intracellular triglyceride concentration of BSPs increased more dramatically than that of BIPs during cell differentiation. The expression of SIRT1 and other genes occurred in the BSPs and BIPs during differentiation indicating that different mechanisms underlie the adipogenesis of BSPs and BIPs, and that the BSPs cultured in vitro show a higher differentiation capacity than BIPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SIRT1 is the gene that codes for Sirtuin 1, an NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent class III histone deacetylase. This gene plays a key role in adipose tissue and muscle development in animals. Chinese Luxi cattle (n =169) were selected to identify SIRT1 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and investigate the relationship of these SNPs with carcass traits. Five SNPs (g.-382G>A, g.-274C>G, g.17324T>C, g.17379A>G, and g.17491G>A) were identified by direct sequencing. SNPs g.-382G>A and g.-274C>G were located within the promoter region of this gene. SNP g.-382G>A was significantly associated with dressing percentage, meat percentage, and striploin and ribeye weights, and the g.-274C>G polymorphism had a strong effect on carcass, tenderloin, and high rib weights in Luxi cattle. These findings will provide possible clues for the biological roles of SIRT1 underlying beef cattle carcass traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most challenging problems in target classification is the extraction of a robust feature, which can effectively represent a specific type of targets. The use of seismic signals in unattended ground sensor (UGS) systems makes this problem more complicated, because the seismic target signal is non-stationary, geology-dependent and with high-dimensional feature space. This paper proposes a new feature extraction algorithm, called wavelet packet manifold (WPM), by addressing the neighborhood preserving embedding (NPE) algorithm of manifold learning on the wavelet packet node energy (WPNE) of seismic signals. By combining non-stationary information and low-dimensional manifold information, WPM provides a more robust representation for seismic target classification. By using a K nearest neighbors classifier on the WPM signature, the algorithm of wavelet packet manifold classification (WPMC) is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed WPMC can not only reduce feature dimensionality, but also improve the classification accuracy up to 95.03%. Moreover, compared with state-of-the-art methods, WPMC is more suitable for UGS in terms of recognition ratio and computational complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]