1. The aetiology of anaemia during pregnancy: a study to evaluate the contribution of iron deficiency and common infections in pregnant Ugandan women.
- Author
-
Baingana RK, Enyaru JK, Tjalsma H, Swinkels DW, and Davidsson L
- Subjects
- Adult, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency blood, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency complications, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Ferritins blood, Hemoglobins metabolism, Hepcidins blood, Humans, Iron blood, Logistic Models, Malaria blood, Malaria complications, Orosomucoid metabolism, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic blood, Prevalence, Receptors, Transferrin blood, Socioeconomic Factors, Uganda epidemiology, Young Adult, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency epidemiology, Iron Deficiencies, Malaria epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To describe the aetiology of anaemia in pregnant Ugandan women and explore Fe deficiency and common infections as contributors to anaemia in this population., Design: Cross-sectional study in which Hb, ferritin, transferrin receptor (sTfR), C-reactive protein, α-1 acid glycoprotein, hepcidin, malaria, hookworm infestation, syphilis and Helicobacter pylori infection were assessed., Setting: Antenatal care clinic at Kawempe Health Centre, Kampala, Uganda., Subjects: HIV-negative women (n 151) in their first or second pregnancy at 10-16 weeks' gestation., Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 29·1 %. Fe deficiency was 40·4 % and 14·6 % based on ferritin 8·3 μg/ml. The prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia was 9·3 % based on ferritin 8·3 μg/ml. Hepcidin concentration was positively correlated with ferritin concentration (n 151, r=0·578, P1 g/l and/or C-reactive protein >5 mg/l. Malaria parasitaemia (OR=6·85; 95 % CI 1·25, 37·41, P=0·026) and Fe deficiency defined using sTfR (OR=5·58; 95 % CI 1·26, 24·80, P=0·024) were independently and positively associated with anaemia. Population-attributable risk factors for anaemia for raised C-reactive protein, Fe deficiency defined by sTfR >8·3 μg/ml and presence of malaria parasites were 41·6 (95 % CI 11·1, 72·2) %, 13·5 (95 % CI 2·0, 25·0) % and 12·0 (95 % CI 1·4, 22·6) %, respectively., Conclusions: Infections and inflammation are of greater significance than Fe deficiency in the aetiology of anaemia in pregnant Ugandan women during the first trimester.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF