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Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low-grade salivary gland neoplasm. Distant metastasis is rare, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been used to determine the metastatic disease in EMC. 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) PET/CT is a promising imaging modality for diagnostic and theognostic purposes in various malignancies. Comparison studies with 18F-FDG have investigated the role of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Herein, we present 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT findings of a 51-year-old woman with metastatic EMC arising from ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a biphasic low-grade malignant tumor, which represents approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumors. This tumor occurs mostly in the parotid gland, followed by submandibular gland and minor salivary glands. Women, mostly fifth to the eighth decade of life, are commonly affected. Histopathologically, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is composed of an inner single layer of eosinophilic cuboidal ductal cells and outer single or multiple layers of clear myoepithelial cells. We present a case of a 69 years old man who had a scar on lower the lip for 10 years and voice annoyance for three months. The biopsy for lower lip was reported 'infiltrative clear cell epithelioid neoplasm' and vocal cord biopsy result was 'verrucous carcinoma'. After cordectomy and wedge resection of the lower lip, histopathology revealed Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma for the lower lip and microinvasive verrucous carcinoma for the left vocal cord. Our case has a very uncommon location and presentation for EMC. The tumor location was minor salivary glands of the lower lip and the clinical presentation was quite different. Coexistence with microinvasive verrucous carcinoma of the vocal cord is the other unique part of our case.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is an uncommon malignancy that usually originates in the salivary glands. Its occurrence in the maxillary sinus is rare. We present a case of a 68-year-old male patient who has been experiencing swelling in the upper right back region of the jaw for the past three months. A computerized tomography scan of the paranasal sinus suggested the possibility of a malignant neoplastic mass originating from the right maxillary sinus, with significant local extension and bony erosions. Histopathology examination of EMC revealed a tubular morphology lined with inner luminal cells and outer clear cells of myoepithelial origin. For confirmatory diagnosis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers were applied, in which the inner lining of cells was positive for S100, while the outer lining of cells tested positive for both p63 and S100. The patient underwent a hemi-maxillectomy of the right side under general anesthesia., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Sharma et al.)

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low-grade salivary gland neoplasm. Distant metastasis is rare, and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) has been used to determine the metastatic disease in EMC. 68 Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) PET/CT is a promising imaging modality for diagnostic and theognostic purposes in various malignancies. Comparison studies with 18 F-FDG have investigated the role of 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Herein, we present 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT findings of a 51-year-old woman with metastatic EMC arising from ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflicts of interest were declared by the authors., (Copyright© 2024 The Author. Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of the Turkish Society of Nuclear Medicine.)

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) can be a challenging diagnosis due to a lack of obvious invasion and bland cytology. We report an unusual case of a low-grade EMC with prominent fibrous stroma, an extensive solid-oncocytic differentiation and limited areas of morphological clearly identifiable characteristic biphasic (tubular) differentiation, clear cells and PAS-positive secretions/calcifications. Both areas were investigated by next generation sequencing (Oncomine comprehensive assay) and revealed a typical concordant HRAS p.Q61R mutation. An additional heterogeneous ARID1A (p.E672*) terminating mutation with loss of heterozygosity, which could be visualized predominantly in the solid-oncocytic differentiation by immunohistochemical loss of ARID1A protein expression, was found. This is the first case of an EMC of the salivary gland to be described with two separate tumor clones involving concordant HRAS and heterogeneous ARID1A mutations. The latter seem to be a "second hit" and was predominantly found in the solid-oncocytic differentiation, suggesting a potential morpho-molecular association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a biphasic low-grade malignant tumor, which represents approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumors. This tumor occurs mostly in the parotid gland, followed by submandibular gland and minor salivary glands. Women, mostly fifth to the eighth decade of life, are commonly affected. Histopathologically, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is composed of an inner single layer of eosinophilic cuboidal ductal cells and outer single or multiple layers of clear myoepithelial cells. We present a case of a 69 years old man who had a scar on lower the lip for 10 years and voice annoyance for three months. The biopsy for lower lip was reported "infiltrative clear cell epithelioid neoplasm" and vocal cord biopsy result was "verrucous carcinoma". After cordectomy and wedge resection of the lower lip, histopathology revealed Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma for the lower lip and microinvasive verrucous carcinoma for the left vocal cord. Our case has a very uncommon location and presentation for EMC. The tumor location was minor salivary glands of the lower lip and the clinical presentation was quite different. Coexistence with microinvasive verrucous carcinoma of the vocal cord is the other unique part of our case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare low-grade salivary gland malignancy of presumed intercalated duct origin comprising

Epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare biphasic tumor of salivary glands with low malignant potential. Although known to occur in submandibular gland and minor salivary glands, its most common location is parotid. Clinical and radiological findings often mimic a benign tumor. Because of rarity of EMC a standard treatment guideline is not yet known. Surgical resection is the most widely used approach. Although it is a low grade tumor, local recurrence rates of 23–50 % have been reported with 25 % chance of distant metastasis. Patients with histo-pathologic markers of aggressive disease should be considered for adjuvant radiotherapy. We report a case of epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma of parotid in a 40 year male that was treated with surgery followed by post-operative radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a type of malignant salivary gland tumors that is extremely rare. EMC primarily affects major salivary glands, particularly the parotid gland, but minor salivary glands are also affected. It contributes less than 0.5–1% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Multiple recurrences are relatively rare with EMC. There have been very few reports of multiple recurrences in the literature. Biphasic tubular structures composed of external clear cells and inner ductal cells are the distinguishing histopathological feature. However, histological variation is prevalent, making a precise diagnosis challenging. We present a case of EMC that had multiple recurrences during a six-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Epithelial myoepithelial carcinomas (EMCs) are rare low-grade salivary gland tumors. Here, we report the case of a 75-year-old man presenting with an oncocytic variant of EMC of the nasal cavity, initially diagnosed as an oncocytoma. Methods. Our patient underwent functional sinus surgery in 2012. On pathology, an oncocytic neoplasm was found in the right nasal cavity, characterized by fragments of uniform bland oncocytic cells with bilayered arrangement of nuclei. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated biphasic cells: luminal epithelial and basal cell--type myoepithelial cells. The tumor was best diagnosed as an oncocytoma. In 2015, the patient presented with a recurrent right inferior turbinate lesion, compatible with oncocytic EMC. Results. The patient underwent oncological surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy. He had no disease recurrence. Conclusion. Different variants of EMCs exist, such as oncocytic EMC. EMCs should be treated aggressively because they can be locally invasive, recur, and give rise to distant metastases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMEC) is a very rare malignancy of the salivary gland which comprises less than 1 % of salivary gland tumors. In the parapharyngeal space they can either arise from the deep lobe of parotid gland or de novo from minor salivary glands. We present a case of epithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma of parapharyngeal and masseteric space. The case is important for its rarity of presentation and we discuss the surgical difficulties and morbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common primary salivary gland cancers. ACC has several benign and malignant mimics amongst salivary gland neoplasms. An accurate diagnosis of ACC is essential for optimal management of the patients and their follow-up. Upregulation of MYB has been described in 85-90% of ACC, but not in other salivary gland neoplasms. In ACC, MYB upregulation can occur as a result of a genetic rearrangement t(6;9) (q22-23;p23-24), MYB copy number variation (CNV), or enhancer hijacking of MYB. All mechanisms of MYB upregulation result in increased RNA transcription that can be detected using RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) methods. In this study, utilising 138 primary salivary gland neoplasms including 78 ACC, we evaluate the diagnostic utility of MYB RNA ISH for distinguishing ACC from other primary salivary gland neoplasms with a prominent cribriform architecture including pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, and polymorphous adenocarcinoma. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation and next generation sequencing were also performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RNA ISH for detecting increased MYB RNA when MYB gene alterations were present. Detection of MYB RNA has 92.3% sensitivity and 98.2% specificity for a diagnosis of ACC amongst salivary gland neoplasms. The sensitivity of MYB RNA detection by ISH (92.3%) is significantly higher than that of the FISH MYB break-apart probe (42%) for ACC. Next generation sequencing did not demonstrate MYB alterations in cases that lacked MYB RNA overexpression indicating high sensitivity of MYB RNA ISH for detecting MYB gene alterations. The possibility that the sensitivity may be higher in clinical practice with contemporary samples as compared with older retrospective tissue samples with RNA degradation is not entirely excluded. In addition to the high sensitivity and specificity, MYB RNA testing can be performed using standard IHC platforms and protocols and evaluated using brightfield microscopy making it a time and cost-efficient diagnostic tool in routine clinical practice., (Copyright © 2023 Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Two cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma are presented, one arising in the pleura and the other in the anterior mediastinum. The cases represent a unique distribution of these tumors within the thoracic cavity. Methods: Both patients were men aged 25 and 68 years, respectively, who had chest pain and dyspnea. Imaging revealed an anterior mediastinal mass in one patient and a pleural-based tumor in the other. Neither patient had any history of malignancy, and physical examination did not disclose any tumor elsewhere. Results: Initial biopsy specimens were inconclusive, and final diagnosis was deferred to surgical resection performed via median sternotomy and thoracotomy, respectively. Histologically, the lesions were characterized by epithelial and myoepithelial elements distributed as discrete tubules or duct-like structures or sheets of neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen in the epithelial component, while S100 protein and smooth muscle actin were expressed in the myoepithelial elements. Follow-up showed that both patients were alive 6 and 12 months after surgery, respectively. Conclusions: These cases highlight the ubiquitous distribution of salivary gland-type tumors in the thoracic cavity. These tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of thoracic neoplasms also in locations other than the lung. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low-grade malignant salivary gland type tumor most commonly localised in parotid gland. We present a case which clinically and radiologically followed with complaints of soft palate swelling for four years in our hospital. The size of the lesion was increased in recent years and so it was excised. Histopathological and radiological features are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare tumor of the salivary gland constituting only 1% of all tumors. It is a low-grade malignancy characterized by a classical biphasic morphology and immunophenotype. In the lacrimal gland, it is extremely rare with only 3 cases reported in the English medical literature. We describe the fourth case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, the first case in a female patient, and review the available literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Salivary gland tumors occupy an imperative part while considering the entire spectrum of tumor pathology occurring in the maxillo-facial and cervical areas. They often pose diagnostic uncertainty due to intrinsic architectural and cytologic complexity, overlapping architecture. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare tumor, constituting 1% of all salivary gland tumors. Methods and Results: We present a case of Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in a 55-year-old male who presented with paresthesia of lower lip and swelling of the right side of face . Imaging revealed complete destruction of right ramus with an enhancing soft tissue mass. Patient underwent a surgical excision of the mass, which revealed an Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. Conclusion: Although Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is extremely rare in occurrence, have immense destructive capabilities. Hence a description of clinical presentation, radiographic extension and histopathologic presentation would be of great additive value to the sparse information of this rare tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare neoplasm, which predominantly arises in the parotid gland. EMC is characterized by two types of cells; myoepi-thelial and epithelial cells arranged in well-defined tubules. A 48-year-old male with a six-month history of dysphagia presented with a 2-cm-diameter mass in the left posterior wall of the hypopharynx. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor cells were arranged in duct-like structures with an inner layer of ductal cells and an outer layer of clear cells. Immunohistochemically, the outer layer of clear cells stained positive for calponin, p63 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein and smooth muscle actin, which is consistent with a myoepithelial phenotype. The inner layer stained positive for cytokeratin and cytokeratin-7, which is consistent with an epithelial phenotype. The tumor was excised and no recurrence or metastasis was found 27 months following surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of EMC described that has arisen from the hypopharynx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare tumor that commonly involves the salivary glands. EMC of the maxillary sinus is extremely rare. We describe here a case of a 50-year-old patient who presented with right cheek swelling for 7 years and bilateral nasal obstruction and right nasal bleeding for 3 months. A pinkish polypoidal mass was seen in the right nasal cavity. Computed tomography scan revealed an expansile soft tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus with erosion of all of its walls. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen confirmed myoepithelial carcinoma with positive reaction to S-100 and smooth muscle actin. Subsequently, the patient developed regional nodal metastasis in the neck for which neck dissection was performed. Histopathology of the neck dissection specimen revealed metastatic EMC. EMC is rare tumor and a diagnostic dilemma. It should be considered in cases showing dual tumor cell population with clear cell change in histopathology. Common differential diagnosis includes metastatic renal cell carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, oncocytoma, and sebaceous carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the case of a 52-year-old man, who was admitted in the department of otorhinolaryngology for a mass of the right parotid gland. The radiological and clinical hypothesis was a squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological examination revealed a biphasic proliferation composed of epithelial cells arranged in a tubular pattern stained with cytokeratins 5-6 and 7 and EMA surrounded by clear myoepithelial cells stained with smooth muscle actin and p63. Ki-67 labeling index was low. The diagnosis of epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma was proposed. One year after, the patient noticed a centimetric mass of the left parotid gland. The radiological hypothesis was the presence of an intraparotidian lymph node. Histopathological examination showed a second epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma. This is an uncommon neoplasm comprising approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumours, affecting mainly the parotid gland. It is occurring preferably in patients older than 60years old. This is a low-grade malignant tumour with tendency to local recurrence and lymph node metastatic potential. We describe an exceptional bilateral epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare neoplasm, which predominantly arises in the parotid gland. EMC is characterized by two types of cells; myoepithelial and epithelial cells arranged in well-defined tubules. A 48-year-old male with a six-month history of dysphagia presented with a 2-cm-diameter mass in the left posterior wall of the hypopharynx. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor cells were arranged in duct-like structures with an inner layer of ductal cells and an outer layer of clear cells. Immunohistochemically, the outer layer of clear cells stained positive for calponin, p63 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein and smooth muscle actin, which is consistent with a myoepithelial phenotype. The inner layer stained positive for cytokeratin and cytokeratin-7, which is consistent with an epithelial phenotype. The tumor was excised and no recurrence or metastasis was found 27 months following surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of EMC described that has arisen from the hypopharynx.