Search

This study investigated the ultrastructural effects of daily oral doses of nickel sulphate (NiS04) (12.5mg/kg) on rat testis seminiferous tubules on days 15, 60 and 95 of the experiment. The latter constituted the recovery group. The seminiferous tubules were severely damaged on the 15th and 60th days. The major findings were the germ cell sloughing and decreased spermatogenesis. A disorder in germ cell alignment was evident. Sertoli cell's phagocytic activity was increased. Recovery which was aimed to be established on the 95th day following a 60 day- NiSC>4 administration could not be observed at theseminiferous tubules of that group.

The quantitative evaluation of the testicular biopsy is very common before the treatment of obstructive azoospermia or congenital absence of vas deferens. In the present study light and electronmicroscopic evaluation of the testicular histology in a case with obstructive azoospermia revealed the presence of adequate sperm counts and possible high numbers of motile spermatozoa in the epididymis. Thus a successful pregnancy was achieved using aspirated epididymal sperma for IVF, in our case. So, in addition to quantitative observations of the histology, the ultrastructural characteristics of the tubular germinal epithelium give more morphological data for IVF using epididymal sperm.

To investigate the effects of common bile duct ligation in rat liver, 20 female Wistar Albinor rats were divided into 1 control and 4 experimental groups in which common bile ducts were ligated successively for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks.Electronmicroscopical investigation showed hepatocyte degeneration and fibrosis. We evaluated those morphological changes as follows : invaginations at hepatocyte nuclei, swollen mitochondria, fingerprint formation of hypertrophied granular endoplasmic reticulum within the hepatocyte cytoplasm, dense collagenous fibers at both the Space of Diss6 and portal triad. We concluded as those ultrastructural changes showed an augmentation with increasing ligation period.

Metaphyser hyperactivity as searched in 10 normals and 15 patients who had confirmed diagnosis of uniIateral femoral head osteonecrosis by core biopsies. 99m T c MDP bone SPECT study was performed in all cases. Using a standard ROI, counts per pixel were determined from coronary slices for both femoral heads and metaphysis. Femoral head activity ratio was calculated as; right femoral head/left femoral head in normals and involved femoral head/intact femoral head in patients. Metaphyser activity ratio was calculated as; right metaphysis Ieft metaphysis in normals and metaphisis of involved side metaphisis of intact side in patients. Mean femoral head activity ratio and metaphyser activity ratio was 0.99 ± 0.9, 1.1 0 ±0.11 in normals and 0.88 ± 0.50, 0.99 ± 0.33 in patients respectively. Femoral head activity ratio and metaphyser activity ratio were positively correlated (r: 0.64) in patients. Although photon deficient areas were identified by SPECT imaging in all patients, this correlation may be a useful parameter when the surrounding hyperactivity obscures the defect. Increased metaphyser activity may indicate the presence of femoral head osteonecrosis., Femur başı osteonekrozlarında metafizer hiperaktivitenin önemi 10 normal olguda ve kor biopsi ile tek taraflı femur başı osteonekrozu tanısı almış 15 hastada araştırıldı. Tüm olgulara 99mTC MDP ile kemik SPECT çalışması uygulandı. Tomografik kemik sintigrafisi çalışması sonucunda elde edilen koronal kesitler üzerinde standart ilgi alanlan çizilerek her piksel için aktivite oranları, her iki taraf femur başı ve femur metafizleri için hesaplandı. Femur başı ve metafizer aktivite oranları, sırasıyla, normallerde; 0,99±0.9, 1.1 0±0.11 ve hastalarda; 0.88±0.50, 0.99±0.33 olarak saptandı. Femur başı aktivite oranı ve metafizer aktivite oranı hastalarda pozitif korelasyon gösteriyordu (r: 0.64). Bu çalışmada. femur başı osteonekrozunun bir kanıtı alan fotondan fakir defektif alanın tüm hastalarda SPECT ile gösterilebilmesine karşın, metafizer hiperaktivitenin, bu defektlerin çevresel aktivite artışı nedeniyle ortaya konamadığı durumlarda, femur başı osteonekrozu tanısında yararlı bir parametre olabileceği sonucuna varıldı.

The cytoprotective effect of iloprost on the viability and survival of embryonic cortical brain tissue grafts was examined ultrastructurally under light and electron microscopy before and 4 weeks after transplantation surgery. It was shown that neural grafts stored in iloprost solution (50 ng/mL) for 3 hours were more or less in a normal cytoarchitecture compared with saline-preserved grafts. Moreover, it was demonstrated that 4 weeks after transplantation, graft tissues stored in iloprost solution for 3 hours before implantation maintained a successful survival. Thus, a higher cellular population with new vascularization areas and preservation of myelin formation were accepted as a desirable integration of the graft tissue into the host brain tissue. The mechanism of action of iloprost is discussed.

BACKGROUND Distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms are rare and compose about 4.5% of all intracranial aneurysms. They generally arise at the bifurcation of the pericallosal and callosomarginal arteries. Their surgical approach is different from those of other anterior circulation aneurysms. These aneurysms present some special difficulties for neurosurgeons, including narrow exposure in the interhemispheric fissure, dense adhesions between the cingulate gyri, difficulty in controlling the parent artery, and the association of multiple aneurysms and vascular anomalies. METHODS Between January 1975 and May 1996, 14 cases of saccular aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral artery were operated at the University of Hacettepe. The clinical presentations, neuroradiological findings, and operative approaches of these aneurysms were analyzed. In addition, the clinical series and isolated case reports in the English literature were also extensively reviewed. RESULTS The incidence of the aneurysms in this location was 2.8% of a total of 494 surgically treated cases in our center. Of 14 patients, eight were women and six were men. Multiple aneurysms were found in five patients (35%). All patients were operated via the interhemispheric route. Thirteen patients had good outcome and one patient died. CONCLUSIONS We believe that all difficulties related to distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms can be minimized with sufficient knowledge of microsurgery and surgical anatomy, using microtechniques and experience.