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1. Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity

Author

Verdam, F.J., Fuentes Enriquez de Salamanca, S., de Jonge, C., Zoetendal, E.G., Erbil, R., Greve, J.W., Buurman, W.A., de Vos, W.M., Rensen, S.S., Surgery, and RS: NUTRIM - R2 - Gut-liver homeostasis

Subjects
disease, mice, diet-induced obesity, Microbiology, fecal calprotectin, bowel, high-fat diet, fluids and secretions, Microbiologie, human gut microbiota, Host-Microbe Interactomics, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, permeability, VLAG, weight-loss
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Intestinal microbiota have been suggested to contribute to the development of obesity, but the mechanism remains elusive. The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated. DESIGN AND METHODS: Fecal microbiota composition of 28 subjects (BMI 18.6-60.3 kg m-2 ) was analyzed by a phylogenetic profiling microarray. Fecal calprotectin and plasma C-reactive protein levels were determined to evaluate intestinal and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, HbA1c , and plasma levels of transaminases and lipids were analyzed. Gastroduodenal, small intestinal, and colonic permeability were assessed by a multisaccharide test. RESULTS: Based on microbiota composition, the study population segregated into two clusters with predominantly obese (15/19) or exclusively nonobese (9/9) subjects. Whereas intestinal permeability did not differ between clusters, the obese cluster showed reduced bacterial diversity, a decreased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, and an increased abundance of potential proinflammatory Proteobacteria. Interestingly, fecal calprotectin was only detectable in subjects within the obese microbiota cluster (n = 8/19, P = 0.02). Plasma C-reactive protein was also increased in these subjects (P = 0.0005), and correlated with the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio (rs = -0.41, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal microbiota alterations in obese subjects are associated with local and systemic inflammation, suggesting that the obesity-related microbiota composition has a proinflammatory effect

Published
2013

2. Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity.

Author

Verdam FJ, Fuentes S, de Jonge C, Zoetendal EG, Erbil R, Greve JW, Buurman WA, de Vos WM, and Rensen SS

Subjects
Adult, Body Mass Index, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Feces chemistry, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Permeability, Young Adult, Inflammation microbiology, Intestines microbiology, Microbiota, Obesity microbiology
Abstract

Objective: Intestinal microbiota have been suggested to contribute to the development of obesity, but the mechanism remains elusive. The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated., Design and Methods: Fecal microbiota composition of 28 subjects (BMI 18.6-60.3 kg m(-2) ) was analyzed by a phylogenetic profiling microarray. Fecal calprotectin and plasma C-reactive protein levels were determined to evaluate intestinal and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, HbA1c , and plasma levels of transaminases and lipids were analyzed. Gastroduodenal, small intestinal, and colonic permeability were assessed by a multisaccharide test., Results: Based on microbiota composition, the study population segregated into two clusters with predominantly obese (15/19) or exclusively nonobese (9/9) subjects. Whereas intestinal permeability did not differ between clusters, the obese cluster showed reduced bacterial diversity, a decreased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, and an increased abundance of potential proinflammatory Proteobacteria. Interestingly, fecal calprotectin was only detectable in subjects within the obese microbiota cluster (n = 8/19, P = 0.02). Plasma C-reactive protein was also increased in these subjects (P = 0.0005), and correlated with the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio (rs = -0.41, P = 0.03)., Conclusions: Intestinal microbiota alterations in obese subjects are associated with local and systemic inflammation, suggesting that the obesity-related microbiota composition has a proinflammatory effect., (Copyright © 2013 The Obesity Society.)

Published
2013
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