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The paper deals with the ergometric endurance criteria in field-and-track middle-distance race and systematizes the applied training means according to the direction (nature) of the physiological effect. The ergometric analysis of ‘velocity – time’ and ‘distance – time’ dependences, according to the data of the world race records, allows defining the role of the aerobic and anaerobic energy production at particular distances of the field-and-track race. The level of development of the sportsmen’s aerobic and anaerobic capacities affects the manifestation of special endurance in the middle-distance race. The experiment was conducted among field-and-track athletes of high qualification specializing in the middle (800 and 1500 m) distances. The main factor influencing the result in a race is the energy indicators. So, their measurement and estimate serve the main leverage of the training session. The use of predominantly anaerobic exercises during the specialized work-outs significantly improves the runners’ special endurance indicators.