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1. The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Tamera I. Alhusseini, Felicity E. Bedford, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Victoria J. Burton, Charlotte W. T. Chng, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Susan R. Emerson, Di Gao, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Gwilym D. Pask‐Hale, Edwin L. Pynegar, Alexandra N. Robinson, Katia Sanchez‐Ortiz, Rebecca A. Senior, Benno I. Simmons, Hannah J. White, Hanbin Zhang, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Belén Albertos, E. L. Alcala, Maria delMar Alguacil, Audrey Alignier, Marc Ancrenaz, Alan N. Andersen, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez, Tom Aumann, Jan C. Axmacher, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, Adama Bakayoko, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Sharad K. Baral, Jos Barlow, Barbara I. P. Barratt, Lurdes Barrico, Paola Bartolommei, Diane M. Barton, Yves Basset, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Bruno Baur, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Suzan Benedick, Åke Berg, Henry Bernard, Nicholas J. Berry, Dinesh Bhatt, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Robin J. Blake, Kadiri S. Bobo, Roberto Bóçon, Teun Boekhout, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Kevin J. Bonham, Paulo A. V. Borges, Sérgio H. Borges, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Cibele Bragagnolo, Jodi S. Brandt, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Vicenç Bros, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Christopher M. Buddle, Rob Bugter, Erika Buscardo, Jörn Buse, Jimmy Cabra‐García, Nilton C. Cáceres, Nicolette L. Cagle, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Rut Caparrós, Pedro Cardoso, Dan Carpenter, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Camila R. Cassano, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Cerda B. Rolando, Alexis Cerezo, Kim Alan Chapman, Matthieu Chauvat, Morten Christensen, Francis M. Clarke, Daniel F.R. Cleary, Giorgio Colombo, Stuart P. Connop, Michael D. Craig, Leopoldo Cruz‐López, Saul A. Cunningham, Biagio D'Aniello, Neil D'Cruze, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Martin Dallimer, Emmanuel Danquah, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Adrian L. V. Davis, Jeff Dawson, Claudio deSassi, Benoit deThoisy, Olivier Deheuvels, Alain Dejean, Jean‐Louis Devineau, Tim Diekötter, Jignasu V. Dolia, Erwin Domínguez, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Silvia Dorn, Isabel Draper, Niels Dreber, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Paul Eggleton, Felix Eigenbrod, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Karen J. Esler, Ricardo F. deLima, Aisyah Faruk, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Roderick J. Fensham, Ignacio C. Fernandez, Catarina C. Ferreira, Gentile F. Ficetola, Cristina Fiera, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Hüseyin K. Fırıncıoğlu, David Flaspohler, Andreas Floren, Steven J. Fonte, Anne Fournier, Robert E. Fowler, Markus Franzén, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Gabriella M. Fredriksson, Geraldo B. Freire Jr, Tiago L. M. Frizzo, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, René Gaigher, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Karla P. García, Juan C. Garcia‐R, Jenni G. Garden, Ricardo Garilleti, Bao‐Ming Ge, Benoit Gendreau‐Berthiaume, Philippa J. Gerard, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Benjamin Gilbert, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Carly Golodets, Laurens G. L. Gomes, Rachelle K. Gould, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, Laurent Granjon, Ingo Grass, Claudia L. Gray, James Grogan, Weibin Gu, Moisès Guardiola, Nihara R. Gunawardene, Alvaro G. Gutierrez, Doris L. Gutiérrez‐Lamus, Daniela H. Haarmeyer, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Shombe N. Hassan, Richard G. Hatfield, Joseph E. Hawes, Matt W. Hayward, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Philipp Henschel, Lionel Hernández, James P. Herrera, Farina Herrmann, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Hubert Höfer, Anke Hoffmann, Finbarr G. Horgan, Elisabeth Hornung, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Hiroaki Ishida, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, F. Jiménez Hernández, McKenzie F. Johnson, Virat Jolli, Mats Jonsell, S. Nur Juliani, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Heike Kappes, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Klaus Kellner, Michael Kessler, Kathryn R. Kirby, Andrew M. Kittle, Mairi E. Knight, Eva Knop, Florian Kohler, Matti Koivula, Annette Kolb, Mouhamadou Kone, Ádám Kőrösi, Jochen Krauss, Ajith Kumar, Raman Kumar, David J. Kurz, Alex S. Kutt, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Francisco Lara, Jesse R. Lasky, Steven C. Latta, William F. Laurance, Patrick Lavelle, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Valérie Lehouck, María V. Lencinas, Pia E. Lentini, Susan G. Letcher, Qi Li, Simon A. Litchwark, Nick A. Littlewood, Yunhui Liu, Nancy Lo‐Man‐Hung, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Matthew S. Luskin, M Cristina MacSwiney G, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Louise A. Malone, Patrick K. Malonza, Jagoba Malumbres‐Olarte, Salvador Mandujano, Inger E. Måren, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, Charles J. Marsh, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, David Moreno Mateos, Margaret M. Mayfield, Vicente Mazimpaka, Jennifer L. McCarthy, Kyle P. McCarthy, Quinn S. McFrederick, Sean McNamara, Nagore G. Medina, Rafael Medina, Jose L. Mena, Estefania Mico, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Daniel R. Miranda‐Esquivel, Melinda L. Moir, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Sonja Mudri‐Stojnic, A. Nur Munira, Antonio Muoñz‐Alonso, B. F. Munyekenye, Robin Naidoo, A. Naithani, Michiko Nakagawa, Akihiro Nakamura, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Luis Navarro‐Iriarte, Paul K. Ndang'ang'a, Eike L. Neuschulz, Jacqueline T. Ngai, Violaine Nicolas, Sven G. Nilsson, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, David A. Norton, Nicole M. Nöske, A. Justin Nowakowski, Catherine Numa, Niall O'Dea, Patrick J. O'Farrell, William Oduro, Sabine Oertli, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Christopher Omamoke Oke, Vicencio Oostra, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Samuel Eduardo Otavo, Navendu V. Page, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Luke Parry, Guy Pe'er, Peter B. Pearman, Nicolás Pelegrin, Raphaël Pélissier, Carlos A. Peres, Pablo L. Peri, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Marcell K. Peters, Rohan S. Pethiyagoda, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Finn C. Pillsbury, Jimmy Pincheira‐Ulbrich, Eduardo Pineda, Joan Pino, Jaime Pizarro‐Araya, A. J. Plumptre, Santiago L. Poggio, Natalia Politi, Pere Pons, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Romina Rader, B. R. Ramesh, Martha P. Ramirez‐Pinilla, Jai Ranganathan, Claus Rasmussen, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, José M. Rey Benayas, Juan Carlos Rey‐Velasco, Chevonne Reynolds, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Miriam H. Richards, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Rodrigo Macip Ríos, Richard Robinson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Matthias Rös, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, Dana S. Roth, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, André V. Rubio, Jean‐Claude Ruel, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Katerina Sam, Ulrika Samnegård, Joana Santana, Xavier Santos, Jade Savage, Nancy A. Schellhorn, Menno Schilthuizen, Ute Schmiedel, Christine B. Schmitt, Nicole L. Schon, Christof Schüepp, Katharina Schumann, Oliver Schweiger, Dawn M. Scott, Kenneth A. Scott, Jodi L. Sedlock, Steven S. Seefeldt, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Graeme Shannon, Douglas Sheil, Frederick H. Sheldon, Eyal Shochat, Stefan J. Siebert, Fernando A. B. Silva, Javier A. Simonetti, Eleanor M. Slade, Jo Smith, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Grimaldo Soto Quiroga, Martin‐Hugues St‐Laurent, Brian M. Starzomski, Constanti Stefanescu, Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter, Philip C. Stouffer, Jane C. Stout, Ayron M. Strauch, Matthew J. Struebig, Zhimin Su, Marcela Suarez‐Rubio, Shinji Sugiura, Keith S. Summerville, Yik‐Hei Sung, Hari Sutrisno, Jens‐Christian Svenning, Tiit Teder, Caragh G. Threlfall, Anu Tiitsaar, Jacqui H. Todd, Rebecca K. Tonietto, Ignasi Torre, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Marcio Uehara‐Prado, Nicolas Urbina‐Cardona, Denis Vallan, Adam J. Vanbergen, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Maria João Verdasca, José R. Verdú, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Massimiliano Virgilio, Lien Van Vu, Edward M. Waite, Tony R. Walker, Hua‐Feng Wang, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Britta Weller, Konstans Wells, Catrin Westphal, Edward D. Wiafe, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Volkmar Wolters, Ben A. Woodcock, Jihua Wu, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr, Yuichi Yamaura, Satoko Yoshikura, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Juliane Zeidler, Fasheng Zou, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
data sharing, global biodiversity modeling, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.

Published
2017
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2. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Rebecca A. Senior, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Hannah J. White, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Marc Ancrenaz, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Jos Barlow, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Åke Berg, Nicholas J. Berry, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Teun Boekhout, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Erika Buscardo, Jimmy Cabra‐García, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Rolando Cerda, Alexis Cerezo, Matthieu Chauvat, Frank M. Clarke, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Stuart P. Connop, Biagio D'Aniello, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Alain Dejean, Tim Diekötter, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Carsten F. Dormann, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Gentile F. Ficetola, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Steven J. Fonte, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Jenni G. Garden, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Marco S. Gottschalk, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, James Grogan, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Joseph E. Hawes, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Lionel Hernández, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Finbarr G. Horgan, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, Mats Jonsell, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Michael Kessler, Eva Knop, Annette Kolb, Ádám Kőrösi, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Susan G. Letcher, Nick A. Littlewood, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Margaret M. Mayfield, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Robin Naidoo, Akihiro Nakamura, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Eike L. Neuschulz, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, Nicole M. Nöske, Niall O'Dea, William Oduro, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Chris O. Oke, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Nicolás Pelegrin, Carlos A. Peres, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, Danilo B. Ribeiro, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Ulrika Samnegård, Christof Schüepp, Oliver Schweiger, Jodi L. Sedlock, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Douglas Sheil, Fernando A. B. Silva, Eleanor M. Slade, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Jane C. Stout, Matthew J. Struebig, Yik‐Hei Sung, Caragh G. Threlfall, Rebecca Tonietto, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Adam J. Vanbergen, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Tony R. Walker, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Konstans Wells, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Ben A. Woodcock, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
Data sharing, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local‐scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html). We make site‐level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.

Published
2014
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3. Potential Restoration Approaches for Heavily Logged Tropical Forests in Solomon Islands

Author

Eric Katovai, William F. Laurance, and Dawnie D. Katovai

Subjects
Geography, Agroforestry, Logging, Natural regeneration, Forest degradation, Functional recovery, Forest restoration
Abstract

Restoring heavily or repeatedly logged forests in the Solomon Islands is a growing priority given that economic pressures are frequently driving forest degradation to extreme levels. In such logged stands, damage can be so intense that natural regeneration is insufficient to allow floristic and functional recovery to pre-cut levels. Poor logging practices in the Solomon Islands will imminently result in a collapse in timber resources, which will significantly affect the country’s economy. This chapter presents potential passive and active restoration alternatives for forest restoration practitioners, focusing on approaches that have been successful in tropical landscapes. We recommend research into integrated approaches whereby different forest restoration techniques are amalgamated to achieve better outcomes to assist restoration and management of these heavily logged forests.

Published
2020
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4. Structural Recovery of Logged Forests in the Solomon Islands: Implications for Conservation and Management

Author

Will Edwards, Mason J. Campbell, Eric Katovai, William F. Laurance, Susan G. Laurance, and Dawnie D. Katovai

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Geography, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Agroforestry, Logging, Biodiversity, Forest structure, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Much of the lowland tropical forests in the Solomon Islands have been heavily logged. However, little is known about the recovery status of these forests. We examined factors that influenced the recovery of forest structural attributes within 50 years after selective logging on Kolombangara Island in the western Solomon Islands. Twelve study sites—six logged and six unlogged—were identified across the Island, with two logged sites in each of three recovery-time classes: 10, 30, and 50 years after logging. Within each study site, 12 0.1-ha plots were randomly established, and a series of forest attributes measured in each plot. Our results revealed that local logging intensity and soil attributes have stronger influence on forest-structural recovery than do site attributes such as local topography or tree architecture. Furthermore, half a century of regeneration following logging is insufficient to permit full recovery of forest structure. We conclude that logged forests on Kolombangara and possibly across the Solomon Islands may not fully recover structurally before the next logging cycle, in the absence of a policy on re-entry harvesting. The development of such a policy coupled with robust forest-management measures is pivotal to facilitating sustainable logging while supporting biodiversity conservation in the Solomon Islands. This may be the last best hope for saving lowland forests and their biodiversity on this unique tropical archipelago.

Published
2021
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5. Factors influencing tree diversity and compositional change across logged forests in the Solomon Islands

Author

Will Edwards, Eric Katovai, William F. Laurance, Umesh Srinivasan, and Myknee Sirikolo

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Agroforestry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Logging, Forestry, Ecological succession, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Diversification (marketing strategy), biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Tree diversity, Archipelago, Forest recovery, Silviculture, Campnosperma, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Tropical forests in the Solomon Islands have been heavily logged in the last century. However, little is known about forest recovery dynamics across this region. Extrapolating findings from logged forests in tropical mainlands or large continental landbridge islands to isolated archipelagos such as the Solomons is inappropriate because succession and diversification patterns and processes differ between the former and latter. We compared the taxonomic diversity and composition of trees between unlogged forest and sites that were logged 10, 30 and 50 years previously to provide an indication of the potential dynamics of these forests following timber harvesting. The distance to logging roads and to unlogged forest influenced post-logging recovery, emphasising the importance of edge effects in previously logged forests. At least in the first 50 years after logging, tree-community composition did not appear to converge toward that in unlogged forests over time. Although species assemblages in logged forests generally tend to shift from light demanding-pioneers to old-growth species over time, a long-lived pioneer Campnosperma brevipetiolata dominated the forest even 50 years after logging. We suggest that recovery of the tree community in logged forests has been hindered by the persistence of C. brevipetiolata, and suggest that it could be thinned via careful silviculture techniques to enhance growth of mature-phase forest species. Removal of such persistent, long-lived pioneer trees could potentially help to accelerate recovery of heavily logged forests.

Published
2016
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6. Forest Structure, Plant Diversity and Local Endemism in a Highly Varied New Guinea Landscape

Author

Will Edwards, Eric Katovai, William F. Laurance, and Dawnie D. Katovai

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Agroforestry, Biodiversity, Beta diversity, Species diversity, Old-growth forest, Forest ecology, Alpha diversity, Species richness, Ecosystem diversity, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

The Island of New Guinea is renowned for its high biodiversity, which arises in part from its complex geology and topographical variability. The island is, however, relatively understudied. We surveyed forest plant communities in the poorly studied Naoro-Brown catchment of the West Koiari region of Papua New Guinea. We identified four forest types—riverine successional forest, lower montane forest, hill forest, and riverine mixed forest—along a 13-km transect, and examined forest structure (tree height, stand density, and biomass) and tree species diversity (species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and composition) in these forest types. We also assessed the effect of local topography on floristic patterns. Forest structure and species diversity varied greatly among the forest types, with topography strongly affecting species assemblages. These results suggest that highly varied landscapes may contain high beta diversity via intense segregation and establishment of varied vegetation communities. Beta diversity in New Guinea may be higher than expected as such highly varied landscapes are common, yet poorly studied. To effectively conserve biodiversity in New Guinea's forests, protection must include forested landscapes that best represent the topographical variability throughout the island to account for locally endemic species restricted to specific ecological niches.

Published
2015
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7. Understory plant species and functional diversity in the degraded wet tropical forests of Kolombangara Island, Solomon Islands

Author

Eric Katovai, Margaret M. Mayfield, and Alana L. Burley

Subjects
Geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Land use, Agroforestry, Deforestation, Secondary forest, Species evenness, Land use, land-use change and forestry, Species richness, Understory, Old-growth forest, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Anthropogenic activities have resulted in extensive deforestation and forest degradation on many tropical oceanic islands. For instance, some islands in the Solomon archipelago have as little as 10% of primary forests remaining with few of these remnants protected from future land use change. We examine the plant species and functional diversity (excluding adult canopy trees) of 48 sites from four forest land use types (two types of primary forest, secondary forest and abandoned tree plantations) and two common human-maintained land use types (coconut plantations and grazed pastures) across three elevation bands on Kolombangara Island, Solomon Islands. In total, we surveyed 384 species from 86 families of which only 6.5% were non-native. Species richness was lowest in coconut plantations and grazed pastures and declined with increasing elevation across all land use types. Functional diversity was similar between primary and secondary forest (high richness, high evenness and unaltered dispersion) and lowest in coconut plantations and grazed pastures. Our results suggest that species and functional richness have had divergent responses to land use change in forest land uses indicative of a loss of functional redundancy. Despite structural and compositional similarities among primary forests and degraded forest land uses, full recovery of secondary and commercial plantations has not been achieved. We suggest that conservation of Kolombangara’s forest understory flora will require reserves across the island’s elevation gradient and may require active restoration in the future, particularly if degrading activities continue at the current rate.

Published
2012
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8. Supplementary Material 2

Author

Tibor Magura, Frank M. Clarke, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Carsten F. Dormann, Lars Edenius, Teja Tscharntke, Yamileth Domínguez-Haydar, Helen Phillips, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Jochen H. Bihn, Jonathan P. Sadler, Edgar C. Turner, John E. Banks, Morgan Garon, Thibault Lachat, Juan Paritsis, Ben Darvill, Jake E. Bicknell, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Lionel Hernández, Felix Herzog, Pedro Beja, Navjot S. Sodhi, Kaoru Maeto, Andy Purvis, Birgit Jauker, Paolo Giordani, Aaron D. Gove, Adrián B Azpiroz, Anelena L Carvalho, Carlos A. López Quintero, Ulrika Samnegård, Victoria Kemp, Jort Verhulst, Loreta Rosselli, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Mick E. Hanley, Oliver Schweiger, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Gilbert B. Adum, Victoria Lantschner, Jeffrey C. Milder, Sara Contu, Ádám Kőrösi, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Violette Le Féon, Pedro Giovâni da Silva, Eliana M. Cancello, Konstans Wells, Rolando Cerda, Romeo A. Saldaña Vázquez, Ramón A. Sosa, Paola J. Isaacs-Cubides, Kristoffer Hylander, Isabel Brito, Dario Furlani, Bertrand Dumont, Erika Marin-Spiotta, John C. Z. Woinarski, Matthew J. Struebig, Marc Ancrenaz, William Oduro, Ben Phalan, Guiomar Nates-Parra, Neil Aldrin D. Mallari, Yanping Wang, Thor Hanson, Erika Buscardo, Tony R. Walker, Nor Rasidah Hashim, Eileen F. Power, Jason M. Tylianakis, Robert M. Ewers, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, T. Keith Philips, Sydney A. Cameron, Igor Lysenko, Yana T. Reis, Drew W. Purves, Jérémy Bouyer, Stephen J. Rossiter, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Nick A. Littlewood, Lawrence N. Hudson, Olivia Norfolk, Eduardo Somarriba, María Calviño-Cancela, Julie Day, Jens Dauber, Michelle L K Harrison, Thomas S. Jung, Nina Farwig, Caragh G. Threlfall, Christof Schüepp, Ben Collen, Nicolás Pelegrin, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Antonio Felicioli, Zoltán Elek, Jenni G. Garden, Christian Hébert, Shoji Naoe, Alvin J. Helden, Yik Hei Sung, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Dave Goulson, Stuart Connop, Adam J. Vanbergen, Carlos A. Peres, Eliana Martínez, Rebecca K. Tonietto, Muchai Muchane, Marco Silva Gottschalk, Jimmy Cabra-García, Tim Newbold, Gábor L. Lövei, Simon G. Dures, Carmen T Jacobs, Hans Verboven, Mats Dynesius, Ben A. Woodcock, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Matthieu Chauvat, E J P Marshall, Francis Q. Brearley, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jos Barlow, Caleb Ofori-Boateng, Job Aben, Marino Quaranta, Carolina L. Morales, Daisuke Fukuda, Mary N Muchane, Allan H. Smith Pardo, Vassiliki Kati, Martin Jung, Enrique Arbeláez-Cortés, Nicole M. Nöske, Jodi L. Sedlock, Niall O'Dea, Badrul Azhar, John-André Henden, Roland Horváth, Callum D. Martin, Georgina M. Mace, Tiago F. Carrijo, Eva Knop, Diego Higuera-Diaz, Víctor H. Luja, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Alain Dejean, Jane C. Stout, Simonetta Giordano, Rebecca A. Senior, Åke Berg, Masahiro Ishitani, Branko Hilje, Carolina A. Robles, Lander Baeten, Douglas Sheil, András Báldi, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Helena Castro, Michael Kessler, Daniel J. Ingram, Pablo M. Vergara, Douglas W. Yu, Susy Echeverría-Londoño, Carlos H. Vergara, Hannah J. White, T'ai H. Roulston, James R. Miller, Theodora Petanidou, Jean-Philippe Légaré, Nicholas J. Berry, Annette Kolb, Norbertas Noreika, Erin M. Bayne, Mounir Louhaichi, Michael J. Richardson, Szabolcs Sáfián, James I. Watling, Yuan Pan, Anna Persson, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Teun Boekhout, Steven J. Presley, H. Alejandro Parra, Steven J. Fonte, Margaret M. Mayfield, Inge Armbrecht, Adam J. Bates, J. Leighton Reid, Laurent Rousseau, Robin Naidoo, Carolina Quintero, David L P Correia, Vânia Proença, Vena Kapoor, Biagio D'Aniello, Susan G. Letcher, Grzegorz Mikusiński, Nicola A. Redpath Downing, Annika M. Felton, Argyrios Choimes, Michael R. Willig, Akihiro Nakamura, Kiril Vassilev, Barbara A. Richardson, Fernando A. B. Silva, Carla Gheler-Costa, Joseph E Hawes, Jörg Brunet, Virginia Aguilar-Barquero, Jan H. D. Wolf, Martin H. Entling, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, Alejandro A. Castro Luna, Finbarr G. Horgan, Jorge Ari Noriega, Samantha L. L. Hill, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Eric Katovai, Adriana De Palma, Marcelo A. Aizen, Tom M. Fayle, Mats Jonsell, Katja Poveda, Luz Piedad Romero-Duque, Alexis Cerezo, Dario A Navarrete Gutierrez, Christopher D. Williams, James Grogan, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Pé ter Batáry, Chris O. Oke, Jörg Römbke, Bé la Tóthmérész, Tim Diekötter, Céline Boutin, Eleanor M. Slade, and Katrin Böhning-Gaese

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Chemistry, Anthropology, Cystolith, medicine, Bladder stones, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, medicine.disease, Nuclear chemistry
Published
2012
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9. Dynamics of logging in Solomon Islands: The need for restoration and conservation alternatives

Author

Eric Katovai, William F. Laurance, and Will Edwards

Subjects
High forest, Resource (biology), Geography, Ecology, Agroforestry, Environmental protection, Tree planting, Logging, Biodiversity, Tropics, Regeneration (ecology), Nature and Landscape Conservation, Forest restoration
Abstract

Forests of Asia-Pacific islands have undergone degradation by some of the worst-known selective logging practices in the tropics. It is unclear whether severely damaged forests can return to a pre-logging state via natural regeneration, or whether active restoration is required. In this review, we highlight how the socioeconomic dynamics in the Solomon Islands promote excessive logging, resulting in highly degraded forests. We detail seven key elements currently promoting excessive logging in this region: (i) economic interests, (ii) corruption, (iii) poor employment conditions in the logging sector, (iv) high forest accessibility, (v) resource limitations for forest monitoring, (vi) contention over logging benefits, and (vii) a paucity of information for policy development. Though research on the regeneration capacity of logged forests in the Solomon Islands remains extremely limited, we suggest that some logged forests in the country may require active restoration—especially those that have been most heavily damaged. Our argument is based on previous tree planting initiatives in logged forest in the 1970s and 1980s. We propose three broad restoration techniques—enrichment planting, direct seeding, and the use of artificial perches—as viable options to help restore logged forests in the Solomon Islands. Lastly, we recommend the conservation-concession model to aid forest restoration, given its recent success in the region.

10. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts

Author

Hudson, Lawrence N., Newbold, Tim, Contu, Sara, Hill, Samantha L. L., Lysenko, Igor, De Palma, Adriana, Phillips, Helen R. P., Senior, Rebecca A., Bennett, Dominic J., Booth, Hollie, Choimes, Argyrios, Correia, David L. P., Day, Julie, Echeverria-Londono, Susy, Garon, Morgan, Harrison, Michelle L. K., Ingram, Daniel J., Jung, Martin, Kemp, Victoria, Kirkpatrick, Lucinda, Martin, Callum D., Pan, Yuan, White, Hannah J., Aben, Job, Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Adum, Gilbert B., Aguilar-Barquero, Virginia, Aizen, Marcelo, Ancrenaz, Marc, Arbelaez-Cortes, Enrique, Armbrecht, Inge, Azhar, Badrul, Azpiroz, Adrian B., Baeten, Lander, Báldi, András, Banks, John E., Barlow, Jos, Batáry, Péter, Bates, Adam J., Bayne, Erin M., Beja, Pedro, Berg, Ake, Berry, Nicholas J., Bicknell, Jake E., Bihn, Jochen H., Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boekhout, Teun, Boutin, Celine, Bouyer, Jeremy, Brearley, Francis Q., Brito, Isabel, Brunet, Jörg, Buczkowski, Grzegorz, Buscardo, Erika, Cabra-Garcia, Jimmy, Calvino-Cancela, Maria, Cameron, Sydney A., Cancello, Eliana M., Carrijo, Tiago F., Carvalho, Anelena L., Castro, Helena, Castro-Luna, Alejandro A., Cerda, Rolando, Cerezo, Alexis, Chauvat, Matthieu, Clarke, Frank M., Cleary, Daniel F. R., Connop, Stuart P., D'Aniello, Biagio, da Silva, Pedro Giovani, Darvill, Ben, Dauber, Jens, Dejean, Alain, Diekötter, Tim, Dominguez-Haydar, Yamileth, Dormann, Carsten F., Dumont, Bertrand, Dures, Simon G., Dynesius, Mats, Edenius, Lars, Elek, Zoltán, Entling, Martin H., Farwig, Nina, Fayle, Tom M., Felicioli, Antonio, Felton, Annika M., Ficetola, Gentile F., Filgueiras, Bruno K. C., Fonte, Steve J., Fraser, Lauchlan H., Fukuda, Daisuke, Furlani, Dario, Ganzhorn, Jörg U., Garden, Jenni G., Gheler-Costa, Carla, Giordani, Paolo, Giordano, Simonetta, Gottschalk, Marco S., Goulson, Dave, Gove, Aaron D., Grogan, James, Hanley, Mick E., Hanson, Thor, Hashim, Nor R., Hawes, Joseph E., Hébert, Christian, Helden, Alvin J., Henden, John-André, Hernández, Lionel, Herzog, Felix, Higuera-Diaz, Diego, Hilje, Branko, Horgan, Finbarr G., Horváth, Roland, Hylander, Kristoffer, Isaacs-Cubides, Paola, Ishitani, Mashiro, Jacobs, Carmen T., Jaramillo, Victor J., Jauker, Birgit, Jonsell, Matts, Jung, Thomas S., Kapoor, Vena, Kati, Vassiliki, Katovai, Eric, Kessler, Michael, Knop, Eva, Kolb, Annette, Körösi, Àdám, Lachat, Thibault, Lantschner, Victoria, Le Féon, Violette, LeBuhn, Gretchen, Légaré, Jean-Philippe, Letcher, Susan G., Littlewood, Nick A., López-Quintero, Carlos A., Louhaichi, Mounir, Lövei, Gabor L., Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Luja, Victor H., Maeto, Kaoru, Magura, Tibor, Mallari, Neil Aldrin, Marin-Spiotta, Erika, Marhall, E. J. P., Martínez, Eliana, Mayfield, Margaret M., Mikusinski, Gregorz, Milder, Jeffery C., Miller, James R., Morales, Carolina L., Muchane, Mary N., Muchane, Muchai, Naidoo, Robin, Nakamura, Akihiro, Naoe, Shoji, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, Navarerete Gutierrez, Dario A., Neuschulz, Eike L., Noreika, Norbertas, Norfolk, Olivia, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Nöske, Nicole M., O'Dea, Niall, Oduro, William, Ofori-Boateng, Caleb, Oke, Chris O., Osgathorpe, Lynne M., Paritsis, Juan, Parrah, Alejandro, Pelegrin, Nicolás, Peres, Carlos A., Persson, Anna S., Petanidou, Theodora, Phalan, Ben, Philips, T. Keith, Poveda, Katja, Power, Eileen F., Presley, Steven J., Proença, Vânia, Quaranta, Marino, Quintero, Carolina, Redpath-Downing, Nicola A., Reid, J. Leighton, Reis, Yana T., Ribeiro, Danilo B., Richardson, Barbara A., Richardson, Michael J., Robles, Carolina A., Römbke, Jörg, Romero-Duque, Luz Piedad, Rosselli, Loreta, Rossiter, Stephen J., Roulston, T'ai H., Rousseau, Laurent, Sadler, Jonathan P., Sáfián, Szbolcs, Saldaña-Vásquez, Romeo A., Samnegård, Ulrika, Schüepp, Christof, Schweiger, Oliver, Sedlock, Jodi L., Shahabuddin, Ghazala, Sheil, Douglas, Silva, Fernando A. B., Slade, Eleanor, Smith-Pardo, Allan H., Sodhi, Navjot S., Somarriba, Eduardo J., Sosa, Ramón A., Stout, Jane C., Struebig, Matthew J., Sung, Yik-Hei, Threlfall, Caragh G., Tonietto, Rebecca, Tóthmérész, Béla, Tscharntke, Teja, Turner, Edgar C., Tylianakis, Jason M., Vanbergen, Adam J., Vassilev, Kiril, Verboven, Hans A. F., Vergara, Carlos H., Vergara, Pablo M., Verhulst, Jort, Walker, Tony R., Wang, Yanping, Watling, James I., Wells, Konstans, Williams, Christopher D., Willig, Michael R., Woinarski, John C. Z., Wolf, Jan H. D., Woodcock, Ben A., Yu, Douglas W., Zailsev, Andreys, Collen, Ben, Ewers, Rob M., Mace, Georgina M., Purves, Drew W., Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Pervis, Andy, Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Lawrence N., Hudson, Tim, Newbold, Sara, Contu, Samantha L. L., Hill, Igor, Lysenko, Adriana De, Palma, Helen R. P., Phillip, Rebecca A., Senior, Dominic J., Bennett, Hollie, Booth, Argyrios, Choime, David L. P., Correia, Julie, Day, Susy Echeverrıa, London, Morgan, Garon, Michelle L. K., Harrison, Daniel J., Ingram, Martin, Jung, Victoria, Kemp, Lucinda, Kirkpatrick, Callum D., Martin, Yuan, Pan, Hannah J., White, Job, Aben, Stefan, Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B., Adum, Virginia Aguilar, Barquero, Marcelo A., Aizen, Marc, Ancrenaz, Enrique Arbelaez, Corte, Inge, Armbrecht, Badrul, Azhar, Adrian B., Azpiroz, Lander, Baeten, Andras, Baldi, John E., Bank, Jos, Barlow, Peter, Batary, Adam J., Bate, Erin M., Bayne, Pedro, Beja, Ake, Berg, Nicholas J., Berry, Jake E., Bicknell, Jochen H., Bihn, Katrin B€ohning, Gaese, Teun, Boekhout, Celine, Boutin, Jeremy, Bouyer, Francis Q., Brearley, Isabel, Brito, J€org, Brunet, Grzegorz, Buczkowski, Erika, Buscardo, Tiago F., Carrijo, Anelena L., Carvalho, Helena, Castro, Alejandro A., Castro Luna, Rolando, Cerda, Alexis, Cerezo, Matthieu, Chauvat, Frank M., Clarke, Daniel F. R., Cleary, Stuart P., Connop, D'Aniello, Biagio, Pedro Giovani da, Silva, Ben, Darvill, Jens, Dauber, Alain, Dejean, Tim, Diekotter, Yamileth Dominguez, Haydar, Carsten F., Dormann, Bertrand, Dumont, Simon G., Dure, Mats, Dynesiu, Lars, Edeniu, Zoltan, Elek, Martin H., Entling, Nina, Farwig, Tom M., Fayle, Antonio, Felicioli, Annika M., Felton, Gentile F., Ficetola, Bruno K. C., Filgueira, Steven J., Fonte, Lauchlan H., Fraser, Daisuke, Fukuda, Dario, Furlani, Jeorg U., Ganzhorn, Jenni G., Garden, Carla Gheler, Costa, Paolo, Giordani, Giordano, Simonetta, Marco S., Gottschalk, Dave, Goulson, Aaron D., Gove, James, Grogan, Mick E., Hanley, Thor, Hanson, Nor R., Hashim, Joseph E., Hawe, Christian, Hebert, Alvin J., Helden, John Andre, Henden, Lionel, Hernandez, Felix, Herzog, Diego Higuera, Diaz, Branko, Hilje, Finbarr G., Horgan, Roland, Horvath, Kristoffer, Hylander, Paola Isaacs, Cubide, Masahiro, Ishitani, Carmen T., Jacob, Vıctor J., Jaramillo, Birgit, Jauker, Mats, Jonsell, Thomas S., Jung, Vena, Kapoor, Vassiliki, Kati, Eric, Katovai, Michael, Kessler, Eva, Knop, Annette, Kolb, Adam, Koreosi, Thibault, Lachat, Victoria, Lantschner, Violette Le, Feon, Gretchen, Lebuhn, Jean Philippe, Legare, Susan G., Letcher, Nick A., Littlewood, Carlos A., Lopez Quintero, Mounir, Louhaichi, Gabor L., Leovei, Manuel Esteban Lucas, Borja, Victor H., Luja, Kaoru, Maeto, Tibor, Magura, Neil Aldrin, Mallari, Erika Marin, Spiotta, E. J. P., Marshall, Eliana, Martınez, Margaret M., Mayfield, Grzegorz, Mikusinski, Jeffrey C., Milder, James R., Miller, Carolina L., Morale, Mary N., Muchane, Muchai, Muchane, Robin, Naidoo, Akihiro, Nakamura, Shoji, Naoe, Guiomar Nates, Parra, Dario A., Navarrete Gutierrez, Eike L., Neuschulz, Norbertas, Noreika, Olivia, Norfolk, Jorge Ari, Noriega, Nicole M., Neoske, Niall, O’Dea, William, Oduro, Caleb Ofori, Boateng, Chris O., Oke, Lynne M., Osgathorpe, Juan, Paritsi, Alejandro Parra, H, Nicolas, Pelegrin, Carlos A., Pere, Anna S., Persson, Theodora, Petanidou, Ben, Phalan, T., Keith Philip, Katja, Poveda, Eileen F., Power, Steven J., Presley, Vania, Proenca, Marino, Quaranta, Carolina, Quintero, Nicola A., Redpath Downing, J., Leighton Reid, Yana T., Rei, Danilo B., Ribeiro, Barbara A., Richardson, Michael J., Richardson, Carolina A., Roble, Jeorg, Reombke, Luz Piedad Romero, Duque, Loreta, Rosselli, Stephen J., Rossiter, T’ai H., Roulston, Laurent, Rousseau, Jonathan P., Sadler, Szabolcs, Safian, Romeo A., Saldana Vazquez, Ulrika, Samnegard, Christof, Scheuepp, Oliver, Schweiger, Jodi L., Sedlock, Ghazala, Shahabuddin, Douglas, Sheil, Fernando A. B., Silva, Eleanor M., Slade, Allan H., Smith Pardo, Navjot S., Sodhi, Eduardo J., Somarriba, Ramon A., Sosa, Jane C., Stout, Matthew J., Struebig, Yik Hei, Sung, Caragh G., Threlfall, Rebecca, Tonietto, Bela, Tothmeresz, Teja, Tscharntke, Edgar C., Turner, Jason M., Tylianaki, Adam J., Vanbergen, Kiril, Vassilev, Hans A. F., Verboven, Carlos H., Vergara, Pablo M., Vergara, Jort, Verhulst, Tony R., Walker, Yanping, Wang, James I., Watling, Konstans, Well, Christopher D., William, Michael R., Willig, John C. Z., Woinarski, Jan H. D., Wolf, Ben A., Woodcock, Douglas W., Yu, Andrey S., Zaitsev, Ben, Collen, Rob M., Ewer, Georgina M., Mace, Drew W., Purve, Jeorn P. W., Scharlemann, Andy, Purvis, Pan, Yuan [0000-0003-2729-6377], Littlewood, Nick [0000-0002-6672-0639], Phalan, Benjamin [0000-0001-7876-7226], Turner, Edgar [0000-0003-2715-2234], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
BOMBUS SPP. HYMENOPTERA, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488, Data sharing, Global change, Habitat destruction, Land use, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Reptilia, Evolution, global change, habitat destruction, land use, education, INTENSIVELY MANAGED FARMLAND, Biológiai tudományok, NORTHEASTERN COSTA-RICA, BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS, Ecology and Environment, Magnoliophyta, MEXICAN COFFEE PLANTATIONS, Amphibia, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488, BUMBLEBEE NEST DENSITY, Behavior and Systematics, Természettudományok, ddc:570, Biology, DUNG BEETLE COLEOPTERA, 1172 Environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Original Research, QL, QH0075, QH, PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, Biology and Life Sciences, LAND-USE CHANGE, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Chemistry, URBAN-RURAL GRADIENT, Mammalia, Gymnospermae, Aves
Abstract

Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - www.predicts.org.uk). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015. The collation of biodiversity datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents is necessary to understand historical declines and to project - and hopefully avert - future declines. We describe a newly collated database of more than 1.6 million biodiversity measurements from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. © 2014 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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