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712 results on '"Eriksson, Jan W"'

14. Short-term effects of obesity surgery versus low-energy diet on body composition and tissue-specific glucose uptake: a randomised clinical study using whole-body integrated 18F-FDG-PET/MRI.

Author

Eriksson, Jan W., Pereira, Maria J., Kagios, Christakis, Kvernby, Sofia, Lundström, Elin, Fanni, Giovanni, Lundqvist, Martin H., Carlsson, Björn C. L., Sundbom, Magnus, Tarai, Sambit, Lubberink, Mark, Kullberg, Joel, Risérus, Ulf, and Ahlström, Håkan

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Obesity surgery (OS) and diet-induced weight loss rapidly improve insulin resistance. We aim to investigate the impact of either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) surgery compared with a diet low in energy (low-calorie diet; LCD) on body composition, glucose control and insulin sensitivity, assessed both at the global and tissue-specific level in individuals with obesity but not diabetes. Methods: In this parallel group randomised controlled trial, patients on a waiting list for OS were randomised (no blinding, sealed envelopes) to either undergo surgery directly or undergo an LCD before surgery. At baseline and 4 weeks after surgery (n=15, 11 RYGB and 4 SG) or 4 weeks after the start of LCD (n=9), investigations were carried out, including an OGTT and hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamps during which concomitant simultaneous whole-body [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI was performed. The primary outcome was HOMA-IR change. Results: One month after bariatric surgery and initiation of LCD, both treatments induced similar reductions in body weight (mean ± SD: −7.7±1.4 kg and −7.4±2.2 kg, respectively), adipose tissue volume (7%) and liver fat content (2% units). HOMA-IR, a main endpoint, was significantly reduced following OS (−26.3% [95% CI −49.5, −3.0], p=0.009) and non-significantly following LCD (−20.9% [95% CI −58.2, 16.5). For both groups, there were similar reductions in triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were also significantly reduced only following OS. There was an increase in glucose AUC in response to an OGTT in the OS group (by 20%) but not in the LCD group. During hyperinsulinaemia, only the OS group showed a significantly increased PET-derived glucose uptake rate in skeletal muscle but a reduced uptake in the heart and abdominal adipose tissue. Both liver and brain glucose uptake rates were unchanged after surgery or LCD. Whole-body glucose disposal and endogenous glucose production were not significantly affected. Conclusions/interpretation: The short-term metabolic effects seen 4 weeks after OS are not explained by loss of body fat alone. Thus OS, but not LCD, led to reductions in fasting plasma glucose and insulin resistance as well as to distinct changes in insulin-stimulated glucose fluxes to different tissues. Such effects may contribute to the prevention or reversal of type 2 diabetes following OS. Moreover, the full effects on whole-body insulin resistance and plasma glucose require a longer time than 4 weeks. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02988011 Funding: This work was supported by AstraZeneca R&D, the Swedish Diabetes Foundation, the European Union's Horizon Europe Research project PAS GRAS, the European Commission via the Marie Sklodowska Curie Innovative Training Network TREATMENT, EXODIAB, the Family Ernfors Foundation, the P.O. Zetterling Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Agnes and Mac Rudberg Foundation and the Uppsala University Hospital ALF grants [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Regulation of the Cortisol Axis, Glucagon, and Growth Hormone by Glucose Is Altered in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.

Author

Lundqvist, Martin H, Pereira, Maria J, Almby, Kristina, Hetty, Susanne, and Eriksson, Jan W

Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes, INSULIN resistance, GLUCAGON
Abstract

Context Insulin-antagonistic, counter-regulatory hormones have been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objective In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether glucose-dependent regulation of such hormones differ in individuals with T2D, prediabetes (PD), and normoglycemia (NG). Methods Fifty-four individuals with or without T2D underwent one hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic-hypoglycemic and one hyperglycemic clamp with repeated hormonal measurements. Participants with T2D (n = 19) were compared with a group-matched (age, sex, BMI) subset of participants without diabetes (ND, n = 17), and also with participants with PD (n = 18) and NG (n = 17). Results In T2D vs ND, glucagon levels were higher and less suppressed during the hyperglycemic clamp whereas growth hormone (GH) levels were lower during hypoglycemia (P <.05). Augmented ACTH response to hypoglycemia was present in PD vs NG (P <.05), with no further elevation in T2D. In contrast, glucagon and GH alterations were more marked in T2D vs PD (P <.05). In the full cohort (n = 54), augmented responses of glucagon, cortisol, and ACTH and attenuated responses of GH correlated with adiposity, dysglycemia, and insulin resistance. In multilinear regressions, insulin resistance was the strongest predictor of elevated hypoglycemic responses of glucagon, cortisol, and ACTH. Conversely, fasting glucose and HbA1c were the strongest predictors of low GH levels during hypoglycemia and elevated, i.e. less suppressed glucagon levels during hyperglycemia, respectively. Notably, adiposity measures were also strongly associated with the responses above. Conclusions Altered counter-regulatory hormonal responses to glucose variations are observed at different stages of T2D development and may contribute to its progression by promoting insulin resistance and dysglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial

Author

Abramof, R, Alpenidze, D, Aronoff, S, Astamirova, K, Barker, B, Bedel, G, Belousova, L, Benson, M, Beshay, I, Biggs, W, Blaze, K, Bogdanski, P, Busch, R, Chaidarun, S, Chandran, S, Chang, A, Chilka, S, Cleland, A, Connery, L, Cornett, G, Delgado, B, Desouza, C, Donner, T, Eliasson, K, Eriksson, J, Folkerth, S, Forshaw, K, Frandsen, H A, Frolova, E, Gandy, W, Gatipon, G, Golovach, A, Gonzalez-Orozco, L, Gumprecht, J, Haddad, E, Hansen, T K, Hart, T, Hasan, S, Hella, B, Heller, S, Hellgren, M, Hewitt, M, Hietaniemi, S, Hitz, M, Houser, P, Huntley, R, Jackson, R, Jakobsen, P E, Kapoor, A, Kargina, L, Kazakova, E, Khan, K, Klein, E, Knoble, H, Krasnopeeva (Kabachkova), N, Krzeminski, A, Kunitsyna, M, Lawhead, J, Levin, K, Levin, P, Lewy-Alterbaum, L, Lindmark, S, Lindsay, R, Luts, A, Lysenko, T, Madsbad, S, Maxwell, T, Mbogua, C, Mcknight, J, Metsärinne, K, Milovanova, T, Morawski, E, Mosenzon, O, Nabriski, D, Nguyen, H, Nicol, P, Nieminen, S, Nikkola, A, Norwood, P, O'Donnell, P, Odugbesan, A, Parker, J, Pergaeva, Y, Peskov, A, Plevin, S, Pouzar, J, Pratley, R, Reed, J, Rossing, P, Sathyapalan, T, Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, M, Shaikh, Z, Shamkhalova, M, Shehadeh, N, Shlesinger, Y, Silver, R, Snyder, B, Soufer, J, Strand, J, Sulosaari, S, Tirosh, A, Traylor, H, Uhlenius, N, Vagapova, G, Yanovskaya, M, Zarutskaya, L, Zhdanova, E, Mosenzon, Ofri, Blicher, Thalia Marie, Rosenlund, Signe, Eriksson, Jan W, Heller, Simon, Hels, Ole Holm, Pratley, Richard, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat, and Desouza, Cyrus

Published
2019
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32. Health care registers can be instrumental for endpoint capture in clinical diabetes trials: example of microvascular complications in Swedish patients with type 2 diabetes

Author

Lundqvist, Martin H, primary, Patsoukaki, Vagia, additional, Jansson, Stefan, additional, Norman, Henrietta, additional, Granstam, Elisabet, additional, Svensson, Maria K, additional, Sundström, Johan, additional, Eliasson, Björn, additional, and Eriksson, Jan W, additional

Published
2023
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40. Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes following initiation of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering drugs (CVD-REAL Nordic): a multinational observational analysis

Author

Birkeland, Kåre I, Jørgensen, Marit E, Carstensen, Bendix, Persson, Frederik, Gulseth, Hanne L, Thuresson, Marcus, Fenici, Peter, Nathanson, David, Nyström, Thomas, Eriksson, Jan W, Bodegård, Johan, and Norhammar, Anna

Published
2017
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