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The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication in-terms of objective measures and quality of life evaluation instruments. For the period in observation, the chronic GERD patients, who had undergone LNRF surgery, were evaluated. The long-term outcome was assessed by subjectively comparing the preoperative and postoperative symptoms and Gastroesophageal reflux-Health related quality of life index. As an objective assessment of the pathological reflux, patients underwent 24-hour pH monitoring in the preoperative and postoperative period. Thirty-two patients, who met the criteria and volunteered to participate, were included in the study. The median postoperative follow-up period for the patients was 28±7.92 (16-52) months. A significant increase was observed in the quality of life scores in the postoperative period when compared to the preoperative period (p=0.001) and the DeMeester scores have decreased significantly (p=0.001). The postoperative dysphagia was observed even in the long term in most of the patients, without having a significant effect on the quality of life. In the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, laparoscopic Nissen Rossetti fundoplication is an effective and successful method in achieving the desired outcome such as preventing pathological reflux, relieving the symptoms and improving the quality of life in the long term.

Objective: In this experiment, supplementation of the diet with increased levels of glutamine was used to determine glutamine enriched diet effect on the healing of ileal anastomosis.Methods: Forty albino Wistar rats, in four groups, had a special diet 7 days prior to surgery and 7 days after surgery. On the 7th day of study a complete cut of the ileal wall was carried out and an anastomosis was performed using single layer interrupted inverting sutures. Group 1 received a normal diet for all 14 days; group 2 received a glutamine enriched diet 7 days prior to surgery and a normal diet 7 days after surgery; group 3 received a normal diet prior to surgery and a glutamine enriched diet after surgery; group 4 received a constant glutamine enriched diet. On the 7th postoperative day, tensile strength measurements and hydroxyproline level analyses were done.Results: A preoperative glutamine enriched diet did not show any significant improvement in the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline levels on the 7th postoperative day, but pre and postoperative, and postoperative glutamine enriched diet significantly improved when compared with the normal diet group (p

Static analysis tools cannot detect violations of application-specific rules. They can be extended with specialized checkers that implement the verification of these rules. However, such rules are usually not documented explicitly. Moreover, the implementation of specialized checkers is a manual process that requires expertise. In this work, application-specific programming rules are automatically extracted from execution traces collected at runtime. These traces are analyzed offline to identify programming rules. Then, specialized checkers for these rules are introduced as extensions to a static analysis tool so that their violations can be checked throughout the source code. We implemented our approach for Java programs, considering 3 types of faults. We performed an evaluation with an industrial case study from the telecommunications domain. We were able to detect real faults with checkers that were generated based on the analysis of execution logs. TÜBİTAK

Yerel yönetimler, halka en yakın yönetim birimleridir ve halkın yerel nitelikteki ortak ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla birtakım hizmetler sunmaktadır. Bu hizmetler sunulurken vatandaşın istekleri, ihtiyaçları, şikayetleri dikkate alınmalı ve hizmet sunumunda vatandaş memnuniyeti öncelikli amaç olmalıdır. Bu çalışma bir yerel yönetim birimi olan Keçiören Belediyesi'nde yapılmıştır. Keçiören Belediyesi'nde, hizmet algıları ve beklentileri karşılaştırılarak hizmet kalitesi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada A. Parasuraman, Valarie A. Zeithaml ve Leonard L. Berry tarafından geliştirilen SERVQUAL ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Uygulamada 360 katılımcıya anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler çeşitli istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, boyutlar SERVQUAL skoruna göre yüksekten düşüğe doğru fiziksel özellikler, güven, empati, heveslilik, güvenilirlik şeklinde sıralanmıştır. Hesaplanan SERVQUAL skoru sunulan hizmetin beklenen hizmete oldukça yakın olduğunu göstermektedir. Local governments are the closest units to the public and they offer a set of services in order to supply the citizens with local and common services they need. The wishes, needs, complaints of citizens should be considered and citizen satisfaction should be primary goal while these services are being rendered. This research is conducted in Keçiören Municipality which is a local government unit. Service quality is tried to determine through comparing service expectations with perceptions in Keçiören Municipality. Servqual scale which is developed by A. Parasuraman, Valerie A. Zeithaml and Leonard L. Berry is used in the research. Application is performed by making survey 360 participants. Collected datas analyzed by using various statistical methods. According to result of the study, dimensions are lined up as tangibles, assurance, empathhy, responsiveness, reliability with regard to Servqual score from high to low. Calculated SERVQUAL score indicates that perceived service is pretty close to expected service.

Miocene volcanic units in the lignite-bearing Soma basin in the western Anatolia can mainly divided into three subgroups: (i) early-middle Miocene Kozak-Yuntdağı volcanites which interfinger with the basin deposits to the W, NW and SW and the Sındırgı-Gelembe volcanites of the Bigadiç volcano-sedimenter basin to the NE; (ii) Dededağ volcanites within basin and; (iii) Adilköy volcanites cutting the basin deposits. In this study, geochemical and petrographic features of the Kozak-Yuntdağı, Dededağ and Adilköy volcanites have been examined and their petrological evolution is discussed. The early-middle Miocene Kozak-Yuntdağı volcanites include medium- to high-K calc-alkaline andesite, dacite, latite, trachydacite and rhyolites. The Dededağ volcanites are composed of medium-K calc-alkaline andesites. The late Miocene Adilköy volcanites are composed of medium-K calc-alkaline basaltic andesites. On a primitive mantle-normalized multi-element spider diagram, the all volcanic units are characterized by depletions in high-field strength elements (HFSE) such as Nb, Ta and Ti over large ion lithophile elements (LILE), such as Rb and Ba. SiO2- dependent major and trace element variations and trace element ratios indicate that the Kozak-Yuntdağı volcanites were differentiated from Dededağ volcanites via fractional crystallization coupled with crustal contamination. The geochemical features of the late Miocene Adilköy volcanites show that these volcanic rocks differ from the mainly asthenosphere-derived Quaternary Kula volcanites and the other late Miocene basaltic rocks which have asthenospheric signature in their genesis in the region. In these respects, the asthenospheric contribution, considered for late Miocene to Quaternary volcanism in the region is not valid for the rocks of the Soma basin where the Miocene volcanic rocks have only lithospheric origin., Batı Anadolu’daki önemli linyit yataklarını içeren Soma havzası ve çevresinde yüzlek veren Miyosen yaşlı volkanik birimler başlıca üç gruba ayrılır. Bunlar: (i) B, KB ve GB’da havza istifi ile kısmen giriklilik sunan ve onları uyumlu üzerleyen alt ve orta Miyosen yaşlı Kozak-Yuntdağı volkanitleri ile KD’da Bigadiç volkanosedimanter havzasına ait Sındırgı-Gelembe volkanitleri, (ii) havza içinde Dededağ volkanitleri ve (iii) havza istifini kesen geç Miyosen Adilköy volkanitleridir. Bu çalışmada Kozak-Yuntdağı ve Dededağ volkanitleri ile Adilköy volkanitlerinin petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiş ve petrolojik evrimleri tartışılmıştır. Kozak-Yuntdağı volkanitleri ortaç-yüksek potasyumlu kalk-alkali andezit, latit, dasit, trakidasit ve riyolitlerden, Dededağ volkanitleri ortaç potasyumlu kalk-alkali andezitlerden ve Adilköy volkanitleri ortaç potasyumlu kalk-alkali bazaltik andezitlerden oluşur. Tüm volkanik birimler ilksel mantoya göre normalleştirilmiş iz element diyagramlarında, Nb, Ta ve Ti gibi yüksek değerlikli katyonlar bakımından Rb ve Ba gibi geniş iyon çaplı elementlere göre tüketilme sunar. Silika içeriklerine göre incelenen ana ve iz element değişim diyagramları ve iz element oranları Kozak-Yuntdağı volkanitlerinin Dededağ volkanitlerinden ayrımlaşmalı kristalizasyon ve muhtemelen kabuksal kirlenme süreçleri eşliğinde türediğini gösterir. Geç Miyosen yaşlı Adilköy volkanitlerinin jeokimyasal özellikleri, bu volkanik birimlerin Kuvaterner Kula volkanitleri gibi başlıca astenosferik kökene sahip olan volkanik birimlerden ve diğer geç Miyosen yaşlı ve astenosferik katkı içeren volkanitlerinden farklı olduğunu gösterir. Bu yönüyle, bölgede geç Miyosen’den itibaren tüm bazaltik volkanitlerde etkisi olduğu düşünülen astenosferik katkının Soma havzası için geçerli olmadığı ve havzadaki volkanizmanın Miyosen boyunca yalnızca litosferik mantodan türediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

In the present work, the binary system of (Bi2O3)(1-x)(Yb2O3)(x) was investigated. For the production and stabilization of the fcc-type solid solution, small amounts of Yb2O3 were doped into pure alpha-Bi2O3 by the solid-state reactions in the doping range of 0.10 a parts per thousand currency sign x a parts per thousand currency sign 0.2. According to XRD and electrical conductivity measurements, the crystal formula of the formed delta-Bi2O3 was found to be Bi(III)(4-2x)Yb(II)(2x)O(6-x)a-(2+x) (a-: oxygen ion vacancies, VO center dot center dot) and x values were in the range of 0.14 a parts per thousand currency sign x a parts per thousand currency sign 0.20 for heat treatment at 750 A degrees C. Four-probe d.c. electrical conductivity measurements showed that the studied system had an O2- ionic-type electrical conductivity behavior. The maximum levels of the electrical conductivity were observed for 16 mol delta-YSB material which had sigma (T) values: 0.316 and 0.632 Omega(-1) cm(-1) at 700 and 750 A degrees C, respectively. These materials can be used as ceramic electrolytes for solid electrolytic industrial applications.

45th Congress of the European-Society-for-Surgical-Research -- JUN 09-12, 2010 -- Geneva, SWITZERLAND, WOS: 000281136400046, European Soc Surg Res

We present new, whole-rock major and trace element chemistry, including rare earth elements (REE), platinum-group elements (PGE), and Re-Os isotope data from the upper mantle peridotites of a Cretaceous Neo-Tethyan ophiolite in the Mu?la area in SW Turkey. We also report extensive mineral chemistry data for these peridotites in order to better constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic environment of formation. The Mu?la peridotites consist mainly of cpx-harzburgite, depleted harzburgite, and dunite. Cpx-harzburgites are characterized by their higher average CaO (2.27 wt.%), Al2O3 (2.07 wt.%), REE (53 ppb), and 187Os/188Os(i) ratios varying between 0.12497 and 0.12858. They contain Al-rich pyroxene with lower Cr content of coexisting spinel (Cr# = 13-22). In contrast, the depleted harzburgites and dunites are characterized by their lower average CaO (0.58 wt.%), Al2O3 (0.42 wt.%), and REE (1.24 ppb) values. Their clinopyroxenes are Al-poor and coexist with high-Cr spinel (Cr# = 33-83). The 187Os/188Os(i) ratios are in the range of 0.12078-0.12588 and are more unradiogenic compared to those of the cpx-harzburgites. Mineral chemistry and whole rock trace and PGE data indicate that formation of the Mu?la peridotites cannot be explained by a single stage melting event; at least two-stages of melting and refertilization processes are needed to explain their geochemical characteristics. Trace element compositions of the cpx-harzburgites can be modeled by up to ~ 10-16% closed-system dynamic melting of a primitive mantle source, whereas those of the depleted harzburgites and dunites can be reproduced by ~ 10-16% open-system melting of an already depleted (~ 16%) mantle. These models indicate that the cpx-harzburgites are the products of first-stage melting and low-degrees of melt-rock interaction that occurred in a mid-ocean ridge (MOR) environment. However, the depleted harzburgites and dunites are the product of second-stage melting and related refertilization which took place in a supra subduction zone (SSZ) environment. The Re-Os isotope systematics of the Mu?la peridotites gives model age clusters of ~ 250 Ma, ~ 400 Ma and ~ 750 Ma that may record major tectonic events associated with the geodynamic evolution of the Neo-Tethyan, Rheic, and Proto-Tethyan oceans, respectively. Furthermore, > 1000 Ma model ages can be interpreted as a result of an ancient melting event before the Proto-Tethys evolution.

kaynak yetersiz ya da hiç mevcut olmayan kalite yaklaşımları nedeniyle boşa harcanmaktadır. İlk olarak imalat endüstrisinde geliştirilen Altı Sigma metodolojisi, hizmet, finans ve sağlık sektörü gibi farklı alanlarda da uygulanmaktadır. Bu metodoloji, verimlik artışı, beraberinde tasarrufu getiren geliştirilmiş sistematik kalite yaklaşımı ve süreç değişkenliğinde azalma gibi olumlu etkiler ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Son yıllarda, Altı Sigma metodolojisinin inşaat sektöründe bir ölçüde uygulamaları görülmektedir. Bu çerçeve içinde araştırma, inşaat sektöründeki başarılı Altı Sigma uygulamalarının sonuçlarını araştırmacılar ve sektör uygulayıcılarının dikkatlerine sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, iki bölümü teorik ve bir bölümü uygulama olan üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde, Altı Sigmanın tanımı, tarihi gelişimi, prensipleri vb. ile ilgili olarak bilgiler verildikten sonra, Altı Sigmada rollerden söz edilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, Altı Sigma süreç iyileştirme modeli olarak bilinen TÖAİK ve Altı sigma uygulamalarında sık kullanılan araçlar örneklerle anlatılmıştır. Tezin son bölümü olan uygulama kısmında, gerçekleştirilen örnek uygulamadan yararlanarak, inşaat süreçlerinde Altı Sigma metodolojisinin uygulanması ve aynı sektörde dünyanın farklı ülkelerinde gerçekleştirilen diğer uygulamalarla ilgili bazı bilgiler verilmektedir. By means of using new and old quality approaches, researchers and firms have attempted to improve their process. A great amount of time, money and resources are wasted each year because of inefficient or nonexistent quality approaches. The Six Sigma methodology, firstly developed by manufacturing industry, has been also applied in various sectors such as services, finance and healthcare. This methodology have produced many positive effects including increased productivity, enhanced systematic quality approach with savings and decreased process variability. Recent years, it has been observed that Six Sigma methodology has been used to some extent in the construction industry. Within this scope, in this study, it is aimed to present successful Six Sigma implementation results in construction industry to the attention of researchers and industry practitioner. This study consists of three parts including two theories and a case study part. In the first Part, after having given information about the definitions, historical development, principles and etc. of Six Sigma, roles of Six Sigma have been mentioned. In the second Part, DMAIC known as Six Sigma process improvement model and frequently used tools for Six Sigma implementation have been explained with some examples. In the final case studies part of the thesis, by using a implemented case study, Six Sigma Methodology has been put into practice at an construction process and also give some information about other implementation performed different countries in the world in same industry.