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Introduction: Antipsychotics disrupt intracellular cholesterol traffic and prevent the exit of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol from the endosome/lysosome compartment. It was showed that curcumin accelerated the release of cholesterol-containing exosomes from cells with impaired intracellular cholesterol traffic due to antipsychotic treatment and suggested that curcumin may help minimize the negative metabolic effects associated with chronic antipsychotic treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of orally administered curcumin to rats in preventing and treating metabolic syndrome-related side effects such as weight gain and dyslipidemia caused by clozapine. Methods: In our research, a total of 32 male rats (Wistar Albino), 12 weeks old, produced at Selçuk University Experimental Research and Application Center, were used. All animals divided into 4 groups. Venous blood collection and weight measurements were taken from all groups at the beginning. 32 rats were randomly divided into 4 separate groups: control, only oral clozapine, oral clozapine + 50 mg/kg curcumin, and the oral clozapine + 100 mg/kg curcumin group. Groups II-III-IV were given 15 mg/kg clozapine orally daily for 3 weeks. AST, ALT, glucose, total cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL and insulin were studied from the blood samples taken at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in comparisons of weight and insulin measurements between the groups at the end of the experiment (p>0.05). In glucose measurements at the end of the experiment, the control group was found to have significantly higher glucose values compared to the other groups (p <0.001). As a result of posthoc analyses, LDL measurements in the control group were found to be lower than those in the CLZ and CLZ +50 c groups (p<0.05). AST value of the control group was significantly higher than the CLZ+100c group (p=0.011). Measurements of the control group for ALT were found to be higher than those of the CLZ+50c and CLZ+100c groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in HDL, TG, Cholesterol comparisons (p>0.05). In the control group, the average weight at the end of the experiment was significantly higher than at the beginning (p = 0.045). In the CLZ group, the mean glucose at the end of the experiment was significantly lower than at the beginning (p<0.001). Conclusions: Metabolic problems due to antipsychotics negatively affect treatment compliance. Treatment support methods that can solve or help this problem may be useful. Our study ended in conflicting results. Needs for new experiments... Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, and L-monomethylarginine are originated from the subsequent proteolytic catalysis of methylated arginine residues on different proteins and inhibit the endogenous nitric oxide generation. The changes in total methylarginine load (Asymmetric dimethylarginine plus symmetric dimethylarginine plus L-monomethylarginine) may contribute to hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine serum methylarginine concentrations in patients with masked hypertension and determine the association between these biomarkers and blood pressure measurements. Control group, masked hypertension and hypertension groups consisted of 40 subjects (11 males, 28 females, mean age 48.6 ± 13.1), 28 subjects (14 males, 14 females, mean age 50.9 ± 11.0) and 36 subjects (15 males, 21 females, mean age 54.4 ± 12.3 years), respectively ( P = 0.149). Serum total methylarginine load was significantly higher in hypertension group (0.63 ± 0.23) compared to masked hypertension (0.49 ± 0.16) and control groups (0.38 ± 0.13) ( P = 0.008 and P < 0.001). While there was no statistically significant difference between healthy control groups [0.147 (0.03-0.29)] and masked hypertension patients [0.144 (0.05-0.42)] for serum symmetric dimethylarginine levels ( P = 0.970), it was markedly elevated in hypertension group [0.25 (0.07-0.54)] compared to masked hypertension group [0.14 (0.05-0.42)] ( P = 0.001). Serum total methylarginine load was positively correlated with night-time SBP (r = 0.214, P = 0.029). Serum methylarginine levels might be a useful marker for determining the courses of clinical hypertension.

Background: Depression is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and associated with significant increase in morbidity and mortality. In recent years, a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression has been shown. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxy (OH) vitamin D and depression in hemodialysis patients., Methods: A total of 140 patients were included in the study. Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D) was completed by all patients. 25(OH) vitamin D levels were compared between patients with and without depressive symptoms., Results: Patients who had depressive symptoms had significantly lower 25(OH) vitamin D levels (13.70 [24.3-8.25] vs. 18.20 [29.2-11.7] ng/mL, p = 0.016). HAM-D score showed significant association with gender (p = 0.011) and 25(OH) vitamin D level (p = 0.011). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that males had lower risk of depression by a ratio of 61.1% (OR 0.389, p = 0.012) and vitamin D-deficient patients had 2.88 times greater risk of depression compared to non-deficient patients (OR 2.885, p = 0.013). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males had 53.7% less risk of depression (OR 0.463, p = 0.046) and vitamin D-deficient patients had 2.39 times greater risk of depression (OR 2.397, p = 0.047). When evaluated by gender, univariate logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH) vitamin D and other variables were not associated with depression in females (p > 0.05), while only vitamin D level had a significant effect on depression in males (OR 8.207, p = 0.008)., Conclusions: We found a significant association between vitamin D level and depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients. When analyzed according to gender, this association was found to stand independent of other variables only in males.