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44 results on '"Esilaba, Anthony"'

1. Adapting African Agriculture to Climate Change Transforming Rural Livelihoods /

Author

Leal Filho, Walter, Esilaba, Anthony O., Rao, Karuturi P.C., Sridhar, Gummadi, SpringerLink (Online service), Unknown, Leal Filho, Walter, Esilaba, Anthony O., Rao, Karuturi P.C., Sridhar, Gummadi, and SpringerLink (Online service)

Subjects
Adaptation (Biology), Agriculture, Climate Change Management and Policy, Climatic changes, Ecology, Economic aspects, Environmental sciences, Euthenics, Nature and nurture, Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management
Published
2015

6. Bringing Climate Smart Agriculture to Scale: Experiences from the Water Productivity Project in East and Central Africa

Author

Kwena, Kizito, primary, Ademe, Fitih, additional, Serge, Joseph, additional, Asmerom, Nezeghty, additional, Musana, Bernard, additional, Razakamiaramanana, Razaka, additional, Ruttoh, Reuben, additional, Mogaka, Hezron, additional, Dereje, Assefa, additional, Woldearegey, Kifle, additional, Esilaba, Anthony, additional, and Emongor, Rosemary, additional

Published
2018
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8. Analysis of Communication and Dissemination Channels Influencing the Adoption of Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Western Kenya

Author

Adolwa, Ivan S., Okoth, Peter F., Mulwa, Richard M., Esilaba, Anthony O., Mairura, Franklin S., and Nambiro, Elizabeth

Abstract

Purpose: The following study was carried out to evaluate the socio-economic factors influencing access to Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) information and knowledge among farmers in western Kenya, and subsequent ISFM uptake with a view to assessing communication gaps. Design/Methodology/Approach: Structured questionnaires were administered to 120 farmers from Vihiga and Siaya districts. In Vihiga, farmers were sampled in a systematic random manner from farmer groups lists, whereas in Siaya, farmers were selected based on randomly selected diagnostic trial sites of the Africa Soil Information Service (AfSIS) project. Findings: Community-based and mass media channels were found to be significantly advantageous to farmers. Farmers' preferred information sources and channels included own experiences, farmer field days and farmer groups, respectively. A probit regression model indicated that off-farm income, education level, distance from nearest information centre, livestock value, and district of residence were the socio-economic variables that significantly influenced farmer access to ISFM information and knowledge, and subsequent uptake. In conclusion, farmer field days and farmer groups should be promoted as vehicles for agricultural information communication and dissemination. Practical Implications: The study has practical implications for dissemination of agricultural technologies, especially in small-holder farming regions, characterized by high poverty and poor infrastructure. Originality/Value: The study is original because channels for communication and dissemination of ISFM technologies are poorly documented or non-existent in western Kenya, and in most small-holder farming systems in Africa. The adoption behaviour of ISFM technologies in relation to socio-economic factors by farmers is still poorly understood. (Contains 3 figures and 3 tables.)

Published
2012
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13. Fertilizer Use Issues for Smallholder Agriculture in Tropical Africa

Author

S., Wortmann, Charles, O., Esilaba, Anthony, C., Kaizzi, Kayuki, Catherine, Kibunja, W., Ndungu-Magiroi, Keziah, and Nouri, Maman

Subjects
InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVAL, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Published
2019

23. Adapting African Agriculture to Climate Change : Transforming Rural Livelihoods / edited by Walter Leal Filho, Anthony O. Esilaba, Karuturi P.C. Rao, Gummadi Sridhar.

Author

Leal Filho, Walter. editor., Esilaba, Anthony O. editor., Rao, Karuturi P.C. editor., Sridhar, Gummadi. editor., SpringerLink (Online service), Leal Filho, Walter. editor., Esilaba, Anthony O. editor., Rao, Karuturi P.C. editor., Sridhar, Gummadi. editor., and SpringerLink (Online service)

Abstract

This book summarizes the evidence from different African countries about the local impacts of climate change, and how farmers are coping with current climate risks. The different contributors show how agricultural systems in developing countries are affected by climate changes and how communities prepare and adapt to these changes.

Published
2015

25. THE EFFECT OF TIME ON PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY ON TWO SOILS AS DETERMINED BY SOIL ANALYSIS AND PLANT UPTAKE

Author

ESILABA, ANTHONY OBUTIATIA and ESILABA, ANTHONY OBUTIATIA

Abstract

Laboratory analysis and greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate if standard soil tests for P adequately evaluate the availability of applied fertilizer, the nature and availability of residual P, and evaluation of the applicability of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations in describing P sorption by a calcareous Uly silt loam subsoil and an acidic Thurman loamy fine sand topsoil. Monopotassium phosphate (KH(,2)PO(,4)) at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg P kg('-1)was mixed with soils and incubated at field capacity for 20 months. Phosphorus was extracted with Bray P-1, NaHCO(,3), Mehlich No. 2, North Carolina, and Truog's extractants. Oats (Avena sativa) were grown on the soils after 4, 8, and 20 months. The A and L values were also determined using ('32)p. Highly significant (P < 0.01) regression coefficients were obtained between extractable P with A and L values. The results suggest that Bray P-1, NaHCO(,3), and Mehlich No. 2 extractants were better indicators of plant available P as compared to North Carolina and Truog extractants. However, it was apparent that as soils were fertilized with P. all three extractants underestimated plant available P. Maximum dry matter yield and total P uptake was obtained at >40 mg P kg('-1). Generally, there was a decrease in extractable P with time using the five soil tests in both soils. However, there was high correlation (r > 0.88) among amounts of Bray P-1, NaHCO(,3), and Mehlich No. 2 extracted phosphorus. The phosphate potential studies indicated that fertilizer reaction products are P rate dependent. Uly soil was undersaturated with octocalcium phosphate (OCP) <20 mg P kg('-1), whereas the soil was at equilibrium or OCP was precipitated at >40 mg P kg('-1). The pH and phosphate potentials suggest amorphous Al-P and Fe-P were the dominant reaction products in Thurman soil. The sorption data indicated two adsorption surfaces in Uly soil and one adsorption surface in Thurman soil.

Published
1986

26. Situation Analysis of Climate Change Aspects in Kenya

Author

Nyamwaro, S. O., Wamae, D. K., Kwena, K., Esilaba, A. O., Ndegwa, W., Matere, S. J., Wasswa, K. J., Ruttoh, R., Kibue, A. M., Leal Filho, Walter, Series editor, Esilaba, Anthony O., editor, Rao, Karuturi P.C., editor, and Sridhar, Gummadi, editor

Published
2015
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43. Fertilizer Use Issues for Smallholder Agriculture in Tropical Africa

Author

Wortmann, Charles, Maman, Nouri, Ndungu-Magiroi, Keziah, Kibunja, Catherine, Kaizzi, Kayuki, and Esilaba, Anthony

Subjects
Technology & Engineering / Agriculture
Abstract

Fertilizer is an essential input for wide-scale sustainable intensification of crop productivity in tropical Africa, but its use by smallholders is often financially constrained. Four fertilizer use issues are addressed. Smallholders need high net returns from their investments, with acceptable risk, which can be achieved with good crop-nutrient-rate choices made in consideration of the farmer’s financial and agronomic context. Soil acidification, which is affected by crop N supply, is best managed with the use of slightly more acidifying but less costly common N fertilizer, e.g., urea, coupled with lime use compared with the use of more costly but less acidifying N fertilizer such as calcium ammonium nitrate. This chapter addresses the feasibility of tailored fertilizer blends for maximizing farmer profit with respect to the nutrient supply cost, the need for flexibility in nutrient application according to the farmer’s context, and the weak justification for tailoring blends based on soil test results. The use of a well-formulated blends is justified in some cases, e.g., for some crops in Rwanda, but the supply of blends does not justify restricting the supply of common fertilizers. Farmers need to be aware that unregulated nontraditional products very often fail to provide the claimed benefits. Fertilizer use, sometimes with timely lime application, can be highly profitable with modest risk with good crop-nutrient-rate choices, adequate free-market fertilizer supply, and avoiding products with unsubstantiated claims.

Published
2022

44. Impact of Climate Change on Maize and Pigeonpea Yields in Semi-Arid Kenya

Author

Kwena, Kizito, Karuku, George Njomo, Ayuke, Fredrick, and Esilaba, Anthony

Subjects
Science / Environmental Science
Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of climate change on intercrops of maize and improved pigeonpea varieties developed. Future climate data for Katumani were downscaled from the National Meteorological Research Centre (CNRM) and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) climate models using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) version 4.2. Both models predicted that Katumani will be warmer by 2°C and wetter by 11% by 2100. Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model version 7.3 was used to assess the impact of both increase in temperature and rainfall on maize and pigeonpea yield in Katumani. Maize crop will increase by 141–-150% and 10–-23 % in 2050 and 2100, respectively. Intercropping maize with pigeonpea will give mixed maize yield results. Pigeonpea yields will decline by 10–20 and 4–9% by 2100 under CSIRO and CNRM models, respectively. Intercropping short and medium duration pigeonpea varieties with maize will reduce pigeonpea yields by 60–80 and 70–90% under the CSIRO and CNRM model, respectively. There is a need to develop heat and waterlogging-tolerant pigeonpea varieties to help farmers adapt to climate change and to protect the huge pigeonpea export market currently enjoyed by Kenya.

Published
2019

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