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1. Determinants of organophosphorus pesticide urinary metabolite levels in pregnant women from the CHAMACOS cohort

Author: Kalantzi, O.I., Castorina, R., Gunier, R.B., Kogut, K., Holland, N., Eskenazi, B., and Bradman, A.
Published: 2023
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2. Prenatal phthalate exposure and 8-isoprostane among Mexican-American children with high prevalence of obesity.

Author: Tran, V, Tindula, G, Huen, K, Bradman, A, Harley, K, Kogut, K, Calafat, AM, Nguyen, B, Parra, K, Ye, X, Eskenazi, B, and Holland, N
Subjects: Humans, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Obesity, Phthalic Acids, Dinoprost, Vasoconstrictor Agents, Prevalence, Longitudinal Studies, Maternal Exposure, Pregnancy, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Mexican Americans, United States, Female, Male, 8-isoprostane, obesity, oxidative stress, phthalates, pregnancy, Preschool, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Oxidative stress has been linked to many obesity-related conditions among children including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Exposure to environmental chemicals such as phthalates, ubiquitously found in humans, may also generate reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress. We examined longitudinal changes of 8-isoprostane urinary concentrations, a validated biomarker of oxidative stress, and associations with maternal prenatal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites for 258 children at 5, 9 and 14 years of age participating in a birth cohort residing in an agricultural area in California. Phthalates are endocrine disruptors, and in utero exposure has been also linked to altered lipid metabolism, as well as adverse birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes. We found that median creatinine-corrected 8-isoprostane concentrations remained constant across all age groups and did not differ by sex. Total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with 8-isoprostane in 14-year-old children. No associations were observed between 8-isoprostane and body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score or waist circumference at any age. Concentrations of three metabolites of high molecular weight phthalates measured at 13 weeks of gestation (monobenzyl, monocarboxyoctyl and monocarboxynonyl phthalates) were negatively associated with 8-isoprostane concentrations among 9-year olds. However, at 14 years of age, isoprostane concentrations were positively associated with two other metabolites (mono(2-ethylhexyl) and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalates) measured in early pregnancy. Longitudinal data on 8-isoprostane in this pediatric population with a high prevalence of obesity provides new insight on certain potential cardiometabolic risks of prenatal exposure to phthalates.
Published: 2017

3. DNA Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Mexican-American Newborn Children with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure

Author: Tindula, G, Murphy, S, Grenier, C, Huang, Z, Huen, K, Escudero-Fung, M, Bradman, A, Eskenazi, B, Hoyo, C, and Holland, N
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology
Published: 2017

4. Higher measured moisture in California homes with qualitative evidence of dampness

Author: Macher, JM, Mendell, MJ, Kumagai, K, Holland, NT, Camacho, JM, Harley, KG, Eskenazi, B, and Bradman, A
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Health Sciences, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Air Pollution, Indoor, Asthma, California, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Housing, Humans, Humidity, Male, Prospective Studies, Measured moisture, Dampness, Dampness indicators, Moisture location, Mold odor, Visible mold, Medical and Health Sciences, Building & Construction, Earth sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: Relationships between measured moisture and qualitative dampness indicators (mold odor, visible mold, visible water damage, or peeling paint) were evaluated using data collected from California homes in a prospective birth cohort study when the infants were 6 or 12 months of age (737 home visits). For repeated visits, agreement between observation of the presence/absence of each qualitative indicator at both visits was high (71-87%, P
Published: 2016

5. Achieving accurate estimates of fetal gestational age and personalised predictions of fetal growth based on data from an international prospective cohort study: a population-based machine learning study

Author: Norris, S, Abbott, SE, Abubakar, A, Acedo, J, Ahmed, I, Al-Aamri, F, Al-Abduwani, J, Al-Abri, J, Alam, D, Albernaz, E, Algren, H, Al-Habsi, F, Alija, M, Al-Jabri, H, Al-Lawatiya, H, Al-Rashidiya, B, Altman, DG, Al-Zadjali, WK, Andersen, HF, Aranzeta, L, Ash, S, Baricco, M, Barros, FC, Barsosio, H, Batiuk, C, Batra, M, Berkley, J, Bertino, E, Bhan, MK, Bhat, BA, Bhutta, ZA, Blakey, I, Bornemeier, S, Bradman, A, Buckle, M, Burnham, O, Burton, F, Capp, A, Cararra, VI, Carew, R, Carrara, VI, Carter, AA, Carvalho, M, Chamberlain, P, Cheikh, Ismail L, Cheikh Ismail, L, Choudhary, A, Choudhary, S, Chumlea, WC, Condon, C, Corra, LA, Cosgrove, C, Craik, R, da Silveira, MF, Danelon, D, de Wet, T, de Leon, E, Deshmukh, S, Deutsch, G, Dhami, J, Di, Nicola P, Dighe, M, Dolk, H, Domingues, M, Dongaonkar, D, Enquobahrie, D, Eskenazi, B, Farhi, F, Fernandes, M, Finkton, D, Fonseca, S, Frederick, IO, Frigerio, M, Gaglioti, P, Garza, C, Gilli, G, Gilli, P, Giolito, M, Giuliani, F, Golding, J, Gravett, MG, Gu, SH, Guman, Y, He, YP, Hoch, L, Hussein, S, Ibanez, D, Ioannou, C, Jacinta, N, Jackson, N, Jaffer, YA, Jaiswal, S, Jimenez-Bustos, JM, Juangco, FR, Juodvirsiene, L, Katz, M, Kemp, B, Kennedy, S, Ketkar, M, Khedikar, V, Kihara, M, Kilonzo, J, Kisiang'ani, C, Kizidio, J, Knight, CL, Knight, HE, Kunnawar, N, Laister, A, Lambert, A, Langer, A, Lephoto, T, Leston, A, Lewis, T, Liu, H, Lloyd, S, Lumbiganon, P, Macauley, S, Maggiora, E, Mahorkar, C, Mainwaring, M, Malgas, L, Matijasevich, A, McCormick, K, McGready, R, Miller, R, Min, A, Mitidieri, A, Mkrtychyan, V, Monyepote, B, Mota, D, Mulik, I, Munim, S, Muninzwa, D, Musee, N, Mwakio, S, Mwangudzah, H, Napolitano, R, Newton, CR, Ngami, V, Noble, JA, Norris, T, Nosten, F, Oas, K, Oberto, M, Occhi, L, Ochieng, R, Ohuma, EO, Olearo, E, Olivera, I, Owende, MG, Pace, C, Pan, Y, Pang, RY, Papageorghiou, AT, Patel, B, Paul, V, Paulsene, W, Puglia, F, Purwar, M, Rajan, V, Raza, A, Reade, D, Rivera, J, Rocco, DA, Roseman, F, Roseman, S, Rossi, C, Rothwell, PM, Rovelli, I, Saboo, K, Salam, R, Salim, M, Salomon, L, Sanchez, Luna M, Sande, J, Sarris, I, Savini, S, Sclowitz, IK, Seale, A, Shah, J, Sharps, M, Shembekar, C, Shen, YJ, Shorten, M, Signorile, F, Singh, A, Sohoni, S, Somani, A, Sorensen, TK, Soria- Frisch, A, Staines Urias, E, Stein, A, Stones, W, Taori, V, Tayade, K, Todros, T, Uauy, R, Varalda, A, Venkataraman, M, Victora, C, Villar, J, Vinayak, S, Waller, S, Walusuna, L, Wang, JH, Wang, L, Wanyonyi, S, Weatherall, D, Wiladphaingern, S, Wilkinson, A, Wilson, D, Wu, MH, Wu, QQ, Wulff, K, Yellappan, D, Yuan, Y, Zaidi, S, Zainab, G, Zhang, JJ, Zhang, Y, Fung, Russell, Villar, Jose, Dashti, Ali, Ismail, Leila Cheikh, Staines-Urias, Eleonora, Ohuma, Eric O, Salomon, Laurent J, Victora, Cesar G, Barros, Fernando C, Lambert, Ann, Carvalho, Maria, Jaffer, Yasmin A, Noble, J Alison, Gravett, Michael G, Purwar, Manorama, Pang, Ruyan, Bertino, Enrico, Munim, Shama, Min, Aung Myat, McGready, Rose, Norris, Shane A, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Kennedy, Stephen H, Papageorghiou, Aris T, and Ourmazd, Abbas
Published: 2020
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6. An assessment of dioxin exposure across gestation and lactation using a PBPK model and new data from Seveso

Author: Emond, C, DeVito, M, Warner, M, Eskenazi, B, Mocarelli, P, and Birnbaum, LS
Subjects: Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Breastfeeding, Lactation and Breast Milk, Agent Orange & Dioxin, Women's Health, Reproductive health and childbirth, Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fetal Development, Forecasting, Humans, Italy, Lactation, Maternal Exposure, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Models, Biological, Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Pregnancy, PBPK, Pharmacokinetics, Dioxin, TCDD, Developmental, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30kg of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-the most potent dioxin congener. Twenty years later, the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) initiated a follow-up assessment of a cohort of female Seveso residents. Researchers collected serial blood, measured for TCDD levels, and recorded information about the women's medical history after the explosion. The study's aims were to: 1) modify the human PBPK model for TCDD (Emond et al. 2004; Emond et al. 2005; NCEA-USEPA, 2010) to include repetitive gestation and lactation; 2) simulate TCDD blood concentrations during different life stages including pregnancy and lactation, under different exposure scenarios; and 3) use this PBPK model to compare the influence of gestation and lactation on elimination of TCDD. After optimization of the model, it was assessed using data from the SWHS cohort. The 23 women in Subcohort A, were 4-39years old and in Subcohort B, the 18 women were 3-17years old when the explosion occurred. The model accurately predicted the blood concentrations during the 20years post-exposure, including periods of pregnancy and lactation. The model was also used to analyze the contribution of gestation and lactation to the mother's elimination of TCDD. The results suggest that gestation and lactation do not significantly impact TCDD blood elimination. Future efforts will focus on using additional data to evaluate the PBPK model and improving the mathematical descriptions of lactation and multiple gestations.
Published: 2016

7. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane exposure and anogenital distance in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) birth cohort study, South Africa

Author: Bornman, MS, Chevrier, J, Rauch, S, Crause, M, Obida, M, Sathyanarayana, S, Barr, DB, and Eskenazi, B
Subjects: Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pediatric, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Anthropometry, DDT, Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene, Environmental Exposure, Female, Genitalia, Female, Genitalia, Male, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal Exposure, Pest Control, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, South Africa, Urogenital Abnormalities, Anogenital distance, boys, girls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, Genetics, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Clinical sciences, Reproductive medicine
Abstract: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is used for malaria control by 10 countries, nine of which are in Africa. Technical DDT contains various isomers with 65-80% insecticidal p,p'-DDT and 15-21% o,p'-DDT, an estrogenic chemical, while the persistent metabolite of p,p'-DDT, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), is an antiandrogen. In utero antiandrogenic exposure reduces anogenital distance in animal models and the anal position index in a single study. This study examined the associations between mother's serum DDT and DDE levels at delivery and anogenital distance in their children at birth and age 1 year. Data were collected as part of the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE), a birth cohort study located in rural South Africa. DDT and DDE concentrations were measured in blood samples collected from 752 mothers at delivery. Anogenital distance measurements, taken at birth (n = 671) and age 1 year (n = 674), included anofourchette and anoclitoral distances in girls, and anoscrotal and anopenile lengths in boys. We also measured anococcygeal and coccyx-fourchette distances in girls, while in boys, we measured anococcygeal and coccyx-scrotal distances as well as penile length and penile width. The anal position index is calculated for both sexes as anoscrotal/coccyx-scrotal in boys and anofourchette/coccyx-fourchette in girls. We found no associations between p,p'-DDT/-DDE or o,p'-DDT and anogenital distance measurements at birth in either boys or girls. At 1 year, o,p'-DDE was negatively associated with anofourchette in girls (β =-1.32 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -2.27, -0.38) and positively associated with penile width in boys (β = 0.30 mm, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.60). The results do not suggest an overt antiandrogenic or estrogenic effect on anogenital distance after long-term DDT exposure. These weak associations may be due to chance.
Published: 2016

8. Early-life exposure to organophosphate pesticides and pediatric respiratory symptoms in the CHAMACOS cohort

Author: Balmes, John, Raanan, R, Harley, KG, Balmes, JR, Bradman, A, Lipsett, M, and Eskenazi, B
Abstract: © 2015, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved.Background: Although pesticide use is widespread, the possible effect of early-life exposure to organophosphate (OP) on pediatric respiratory health is not well descr
Published: 2015

9. Determinants of manganese levels in house dust samples from the CHAMACOS cohort

Author: Gunier, RB, Jerrett, M, Smith, DR, Jursa, T, Yousefi, P, Camacho, J, Hubbard, A, Eskenazi, B, and Bradman, A
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Pollution and Contamination, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Social Determinants of Health, Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution, Rural Health, Health Disparities, Life on Land, Air Pollution, Indoor, California, Dust, Environmental Exposure, Humans, Manganese, house dust, exposure science, GIS, manganese, metals, pesticides
Abstract: IntroductionManganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient, but at high exposure levels Mn is a neurotoxicant. The fungicides maneb and mancozeb are approximately 21% Mn by weight and more than 150,000 kg are applied each year to crops in the Salinas Valley, California. It is not clear, however, whether agricultural use of these fungicides increases Mn levels in homes.Materials and methodsWe collected house dust samples from 378 residences enrolled in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study with a second sample collected approximately nine months later from 90 of the residences. House dust samples were analyzed for Mn using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Information from interviews, home inspections, and pesticide use reports was used to identify potential predictors of Mn dust concentrations and loadings.ResultsMn was detectable in all dust samples. The median Mn concentration was 171 μg/g and median Mn loading was 1,910 μg/m(2) at first visit. In multivariable models, Mn dust concentrations and loadings increased with the number of farmworkers in the home and the amount of agricultural Mn fungicides applied within three kilometers of the residence during the month prior to dust sample collection. Dust concentrations of Mn and other metals (lead, cadmium and chromium) were higher in residences located in the southern Salinas Valley compared those located in other areas of the Salinas Valley. Dust loadings of Mn and other metals were also higher in residences located on Antioch Loam soil than other soil types, and in homes with poor or average housekeeping practices.ConclusionsAgricultural use of Mn containing fungicides was associated with Mn dust concentrations and loadings in nearby residences and farmworker homes. Housekeeping practices and soil type at residence were also important factors related to dust metal concentrations and loadings.
Published: 2014

10. Next‐generation DNA sequencing reveals that low fungal diversity in house dust is associated with childhood asthma development

Author: Dannemiller, KC, Mendell, MJ, Macher, JM, Kumagai, K, Bradman, A, Holland, N, Harley, K, Eskenazi, B, and Peccia, J
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Health Sciences, Lung, Pediatric, Prevention, Clinical Research, Asthma, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Respiratory, California, Chi-Square Distribution, Child, Cohort Studies, DNA, Fungal, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer, Dust, Female, Fungi, Genetic Variation, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, pyrosequencing, Dampness, Mold, Moisture, Hispanic Americans, Medical and Health Sciences, Building & Construction, Earth sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: UnlabelledDampness and visible mold in homes are associated with asthma development, but causal mechanisms remain unclear. The goal of this research was to explore associations among measured dampness, fungal exposure, and childhood asthma development without the bias of culture-based microbial analysis. In the low-income, Latino CHAMACOS birth cohort, house dust was collected at age 12 months, and asthma status was determined at age 7 years.The current analysis included 13 asthma cases and 28 controls. Next-generation DNA sequencing methods quantified fungal taxa and diversity. Lower fungal diversity (number of fungal operational taxonomic units) was significantly associated with increased risk of asthma development: unadjusted odds ratio(OR) 4.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–22.1). Control for potential confounders strengthened this relationship. Decreased diversity within the genus Cryptococcus was significantly associated with increased asthma risk (OR 21.0, 95% CI 2.16–204). No fungal taxon (species, genus, class) was significantly positively associated with asthma development, and one was significantly negatively associated. Elevated moisture was associated with increased fungal diversity, and moisture/mold indicators were associated with four fungal taxa. Next-generation DNA sequencing provided comprehensive estimates of fungal identity and diversity, demonstrating significant associations between low fungal diversity and childhood asthma development in this community.Practical implicationsEarly life exposure to low fungal diversity in house dust was associated with increased risk for later asthma developmen tin this low-income, immigrant community. No individual fungal taxon (species, genus, or class) was associated with asthma development, although exposure to low diversity within the genus Cryptococcus was associated with asthma development. Future asthma development studies should incorporate fungal diversity measurements, in addition to measuring individual fungal taxa. These results represent a step toward identifying the aspect(s) of indoor microbial populations that are associated with asthma development and suggest that understanding the factors that control diversity in the indoor environment may lead to public health recommendations for asthma prevention in the future.
Published: 2014

11. Health in my community: Conducting and evaluating photovoice as a tool to promote environmental health and leadership among Latino/a youth

Author: Madrigal, DS, Salvatore, A, Casillas, G, Casillas, C, Vera, I, Eskenazi, B, and Minkler, M
Subjects: Public Health and Health Services
Published: 2014

12. Prenatal and postnatal bisphenol A exposure and body mass index in childhood in the CHAMACOS cohort

Author: Lustig, Robert, Harley, KG, Schall, RA, Chevrier, J, Tyler, K, Aguirre, H, Bradman, A, Holland, NT, Lustig, RH, Calafat, AM, and Eskenazi, B
Abstract: Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been associated with increased body weight and fat deposition in rodents. Objectives: We examined whether prenatal and postnatal urinary BPA concentrations were associated with
Published: 2013

13. Maternal perception of child weight among mexicans in California and Mexico

Author: Rosas, LG, Harley, KG, Guendelman, S, Fernald, LC, Mejia, F, and Eskenazi, B
Abstract: The prevalence of childhood overweight is high in Mexican immigrant communities in the United States. Understanding mother's perceptions of child weight in immigrants' country of origin may help to understand this high prevalence. The goal of this study was to examine and compare mothers' perception of weight in Mexico (MX) and in an immigrant community in California (CA). We assessed perceptions of child weight using a pictorial scale with 314 mothers of 5-year-old children in MX and 60 mothers of 5 year-old-children in CA. We compared maternal reports with children's objectively measured weight. Using chi-square Andanalysis of Variance, we investigated associations of maternal perception of and satisfaction with weight according to socio-demographic characteristics. Mothers were more likely to underestimate their children's weight in CA than in MX. On average, CA mothers wanted their children to be smaller than they currently were and mothers in MX wanted their children to be bigger than they currently were. This differed by weight status in CA with mothers of normal weight Andat-risk-foroverweight children wanting them to be bigger and mothersof overweight children wanting them to be smaller. In order for programs to be effective, mothers must be able to recognize their children as overweight and want to address it. Because underestimation of weight Anda desire for a larger size is common in this population, programs to address overweight may be more effective if they focus on alternative benefits of weight control strategies, such as healthy child development. © The Author(s) 2009.
Published: 2010

14. Exogenous shocks to the human sex ratio: the case of September 11, 2001 in New York City.

Author: Catalano, R, Bruckner, T, Marks, A R, and Eskenazi, B
Subjects: Birth Rate: trends, Female, Fetal Death: epidemiology, Humans, Male, New York City, Sex Ratio, Shock: epidemiology, etiology, Terrorism
Abstract: The human secondary sex ratio reportedly falls in populations subjected to exogenous stressors such as earthquakes or political and social upheavals. Explanations of the association include reduced conception of males and increased fetal deaths among males. The latter explanation has been supported by research reporting that the sex ratio in California fell 3 months, but not 8, 9 or 10 months, after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. California's distance from the attacks raises the questions of whether the results arose from chance and would be found elsewhere. We contribute to the literature by testing the association between the secondary sex ratio and the events of September 11 in New York City.We replicate the California tests by applying interrupted time-series methods, which control for secular trends, seasonality and other forms of autocorrelation, to 91 cohorts born in New York City during 28-day periods from January 1996 to June 2002.As hypothesized, the sex ratio in New York City in the period 1 January to 28 January 2002 fell to 1, which was the lowest observed value during the test period and significantly (i.e. P < 0.01, two-tailed test) below the value expected from history.Our findings support the male fetal loss explanation of the association between exogenous population shocks and the secondary sex ratio.
Published: 2006

15. Analysis of DNA methylation at birth and in childhood reveals changes associated with season of birth and latitude

Author: Kadalayil, L., Alam, M., White, C.H., Ghantous, A., Walton, E., Gruzieva, O., Merid, S.K., Kumar, A., Roy, R., Solomon, O., Huen, K., Eskenazi, B., Rzehak, P., Grote, V., Langhendries, J.-P., Verduci, E., Ferre, N., Gruszfeld, D., Gao, L., Guan, W., Zeng, X., Schisterman, E.F., Dou, J., Bakulski, K.M., Feinberg, J.I., Soomro, M.H., Pesce, G., Baiz, N., Isaevska, E., Plusquin, M., Vafeiadi, M., Roumeliotaki, T., Langie, S.A.S., Standaert, A., Allard, C., Perron, P., Bouchard, L., van Meel, E.R., Felix, J.F., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Yousefi, P.D., Ramlau‑Hansen, C.H., Relton, C.L., Tobi, E.W., Starling, A.P., Yang, I.V., Llambrich, M., Santorelli, G., Lepeule, J., Salas, L.A., Bustamante, M., Ewart, S.L., Zhang, H., Karmaus, W., Röder, Stefan, Zenclussen, Ana Claudia, Jin, J., Nystad, W., Page, C.M., Magnus, M., Jima, D.D., Hoyo, C., Maguire, R.L., Kvist, T., Czamara, D., Räikkönen, K., Gong, T., Ullemar, V., Rifas‐Shiman, S.L., Oken, E., Almqvist, C., Karlsson, R., Lahti, J., Murphy, S.K., Håberg, S.E., London, S., Herberth, Gunda, Arshad, H., Sunyer, J., Grazuleviciene, R., Dabelea, D., Steegers‑Theunissen, R.P.M., Nohr, E.A., Sørensen, T.I.A., Duijts, L., Hivert, M.-F., Nelen, V., Popovic, M., Kogevinas, M., Nawrot, T.S., Herceg, Z., Annesi-Maesano, I., Fallin, M.D., Yeung, E., Breton, C.V., Koletzko, B., Holland, N., Melén, E., Sharp, G.C., Silver, M.J., Kadalayil, L., Alam, M., White, C.H., Ghantous, A., Walton, E., Gruzieva, O., Merid, S.K., Kumar, A., Roy, R., Solomon, O., Huen, K., Eskenazi, B., Rzehak, P., Grote, V., Langhendries, J.-P., Verduci, E., Ferre, N., Gruszfeld, D., Gao, L., Guan, W., Zeng, X., Schisterman, E.F., Dou, J., Bakulski, K.M., Feinberg, J.I., Soomro, M.H., Pesce, G., Baiz, N., Isaevska, E., Plusquin, M., Vafeiadi, M., Roumeliotaki, T., Langie, S.A.S., Standaert, A., Allard, C., Perron, P., Bouchard, L., van Meel, E.R., Felix, J.F., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Yousefi, P.D., Ramlau‑Hansen, C.H., Relton, C.L., Tobi, E.W., Starling, A.P., Yang, I.V., Llambrich, M., Santorelli, G., Lepeule, J., Salas, L.A., Bustamante, M., Ewart, S.L., Zhang, H., Karmaus, W., Röder, Stefan, Zenclussen, Ana Claudia, Jin, J., Nystad, W., Page, C.M., Magnus, M., Jima, D.D., Hoyo, C., Maguire, R.L., Kvist, T., Czamara, D., Räikkönen, K., Gong, T., Ullemar, V., Rifas‐Shiman, S.L., Oken, E., Almqvist, C., Karlsson, R., Lahti, J., Murphy, S.K., Håberg, S.E., London, S., Herberth, Gunda, Arshad, H., Sunyer, J., Grazuleviciene, R., Dabelea, D., Steegers‑Theunissen, R.P.M., Nohr, E.A., Sørensen, T.I.A., Duijts, L., Hivert, M.-F., Nelen, V., Popovic, M., Kogevinas, M., Nawrot, T.S., Herceg, Z., Annesi-Maesano, I., Fallin, M.D., Yeung, E., Breton, C.V., Koletzko, B., Holland, N., Melén, E., Sharp, G.C., and Silver, M.J.
Abstract: BackgroundSeasonal variations in environmental exposures at birth or during gestation are associated with numerous adult traits and health outcomes later in life. Whether DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a role in the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations between birth season and lifelong phenotypes remains unclear.MethodsWe carried out epigenome-wide meta-analyses within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetic Consortium to identify associations of DNAm with birth season, both at differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs). Associations were examined at two time points: at birth (21 cohorts, N = 9358) and in children aged 1–11 years (12 cohorts, N = 3610). We conducted meta-analyses to assess the impact of latitude on birth season-specific associations at both time points.ResultsWe identified associations between birth season and DNAm (False Discovery Rate-adjusted p values < 0.05) at two CpGs at birth (winter-born) and four in the childhood (summer-born) analyses when compared to children born in autumn. Furthermore, we identified twenty-six differentially methylated regions (DMR) at birth (winter-born: 8, spring-born: 15, summer-born: 3) and thirty-two in childhood (winter-born: 12, spring and summer: 10 each) meta-analyses with few overlapping DMRs between the birth seasons or the two time points. The DMRs were associated with genes of known functions in tumorigenesis, psychiatric/neurological disorders, inflammation, or immunity, amongst others. Latitude-stratified meta-analyses [higher (≥ 50°N), lower (< 50°N, northern hemisphere only)] revealed differences in associations between birth season and DNAm by birth latitude. DMR analysis implicated genes with previously reported links to schizophrenia (LAX1), skin disorders (PSORS1C, LTB4R), and airway inflammation including asthma (LTB4R), present only at birth in the higher latitudes (≥ 50°N).ConclusiosIn this large epigenome-wide meta-analysis study, we provide eviden
Published: 2023

16. Analysis of DNA methylation at birth and in childhood reveals changes associated with season of birth and latitude

Author: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Kadalayil, L; Alam, MZ; White, CH; Ghantous, A; Walton, E; Gruzieva, O; Merid, SK; Kumar, A; Roy, RP; Solomon, O; Huen, K; Eskenazi, B; Rzehak, P; Grote, V; Langhendries, JP; Verduci, E; Ferre, N; Gruszfeld, D; Gao, L; Guan, WH; Zeng, XH; Schisterman, EF; Dou, JF; Bakulski, KM; Feinberg, JI; Soomro, MH; Pesce, G; Baiz, N; Isaevska, E; Plusquin, M; Vafeiadi, M; Roumeliotaki, T; Langie, SAS; Standaert, A; Allard, C; Perron, P; Bouchard, L; van Meel, ER; Felix, JF; Jaddoe, VWV; Yousefi, PD; Ramlau-Hansen, CH; Relton, CL; Tobi, EW; Starling, AP; Yang, IV; Llambrich, M; Santorelli, G; Lepeule, J; Salas, LA; Bustamante, M; Ewart, SL; Zhang, HM; Karmaus, W; Röder, S; Zenclussen, AC; Jin, JP; Nystad, W; Page, CM; Magnus, M; Jima, DD; Hoyo, C; Maguire, RL; Kvist, T; Czamara, D; Räikkönen, K; Gong, T; Ullemar, V; Rifas-Shiman, SL; Oken, E; Almqvist, C; Karlsson, R; Lahti, J; Murphy, SK; Håberg, SE; London, S; Herberth, G; Arshad, H; Sunyer, J; Grazuleviciene, R; Dabelea, D; Steegers-Theunissen, RPM; Nohr, EA; Sorensen, TIA; Duijts, L; Hivert, MF; Nelen, V; Popovic, M; Kogevinas, M; Nawrot, TS; Herceg, Z; Annesi-Maesano, I; Fallin, MD; Yeung, EDA; Breton, CV; Koletzko, B; Holland, N; Wiemels, JL; Melén, E; Sharp, GC; Silver, MJ; Rezwan, F; Holloway, JW, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Kadalayil, L; Alam, MZ; White, CH; Ghantous, A; Walton, E; Gruzieva, O; Merid, SK; Kumar, A; Roy, RP; Solomon, O; Huen, K; Eskenazi, B; Rzehak, P; Grote, V; Langhendries, JP; Verduci, E; Ferre, N; Gruszfeld, D; Gao, L; Guan, WH; Zeng, XH; Schisterman, EF; Dou, JF; Bakulski, KM; Feinberg, JI; Soomro, MH; Pesce, G; Baiz, N; Isaevska, E; Plusquin, M; Vafeiadi, M; Roumeliotaki, T; Langie, SAS; Standaert, A; Allard, C; Perron, P; Bouchard, L; van Meel, ER; Felix, JF; Jaddoe, VWV; Yousefi, PD; Ramlau-Hansen, CH; Relton, CL; Tobi, EW; Starling, AP; Yang, IV; Llambrich, M; Santorelli, G; Lepeule, J; Salas, LA; Bustamante, M; Ewart, SL; Zhang, HM; Karmaus, W; Röder, S; Zenclussen, AC; Jin, JP; Nystad, W; Page, CM; Magnus, M; Jima, DD; Hoyo, C; Maguire, RL; Kvist, T; Czamara, D; Räikkönen, K; Gong, T; Ullemar, V; Rifas-Shiman, SL; Oken, E; Almqvist, C; Karlsson, R; Lahti, J; Murphy, SK; Håberg, SE; London, S; Herberth, G; Arshad, H; Sunyer, J; Grazuleviciene, R; Dabelea, D; Steegers-Theunissen, RPM; Nohr, EA; Sorensen, TIA; Duijts, L; Hivert, MF; Nelen, V; Popovic, M; Kogevinas, M; Nawrot, TS; Herceg, Z; Annesi-Maesano, I; Fallin, MD; Yeung, EDA; Breton, CV; Koletzko, B; Holland, N; Wiemels, JL; Melén, E; Sharp, GC; Silver, MJ; Rezwan, F; Holloway, JW
Abstract: Seasonal variations in environmental exposures at birth or during gestation are associated with numerous adult traits and health outcomes later in life. Whether DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a role in the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations between birth season and lifelong phenotypes remains unclear.We carried out epigenome-wide meta-analyses within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetic Consortium to identify associations of DNAm with birth season, both at differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs). Associations were examined at two time points: at birth (21 cohorts, N = 9358) and in children aged 1-11 years (12 cohorts, N = 3610). We conducted meta-analyses to assess the impact of latitude on birth season-specific associations at both time points.We identified associations between birth season and DNAm (False Discovery Rate-adjusted p values < 0.05) at two CpGs at birth (winter-born) and four in the childhood (summer-born) analyses when compared to children born in autumn. Furthermore, we identified twenty-six differentially methylated regions (DMR) at birth (winter-born: 8, spring-born: 15, summer-born: 3) and thirty-two in childhood (winter-born: 12, spring and summer: 10 each) meta-analyses with few overlapping DMRs between the birth seasons or the two time points. The DMRs were associated with genes of known functions in tumorigenesis, psychiatric/neurological disorders, inflammation, or immunity, amongst others. Latitude-stratified meta-analyses [higher (≥ 50°N), lower (< 50°N, northern hemisphere only)] revealed differences in associations between birth season and DNAm by birth latitude. DMR analysis implicated genes with previously reported links to schizophrenia (LAX1), skin disorders (PSORS1C, LTB4R), and airway inflammation inclu
Published: 2023

17. Changes in Young Latino Adults’ Depressive and Anxious Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Stressors

Author: Deardorff, J., Rauch, S., Kogut, K., and Eskenazi, B.
Published: 2023
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18. Association between fetal abdominal growth trajectories, maternal metabolite signatures early in pregnancy, and childhood growth and adiposity: prospective observational multinational INTERBIO-21st fetal study

Author: Villar, J, Ochieng, R, Gunier, RB, Papageorghiou, AT, Rauch, S, McGready, R, Gauglitz, JM, Barros, FC, Vatish, M, Fernandes, M, Zammit, V, Carrara, VI, Munim, S, Craik, R, Barsosio, HC, Carvalho, M, Berkley, JA, Ismail, LIC, Norris, SA, Tshivuila-Matala, COO, Nosten, F, Ohuma, EO, Stein, A, Lambert, A, Winsey, A, Uauy, R, Eskenazi, B, Bhutta, ZA, and Kennedy, SH
Subjects: Pediatric Obesity, RJ, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Placenta, Prenatal Care, Kenya, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Fungicides, Industrial, Fetal Development, South Africa, Endocrinology, Pregnancy, Internal Medicine, Phosphatidylcholines, Humans, Female, Oxylipins, Prospective Studies, Adiposity
Abstract: Background:Obesity predominantly affects populations in high-income countries and those countries facing epidemiological transition. The risk of childhood obesity is increased among infants who had overweight or obesity at birth, but in low-resource settings one in five infants are born small for gestational age. We aimed to study the relationships between: (1) maternal metabolite signatures; (2) fetal abdominal growth; and (3) postnatal growth, adiposity, and neurodevelopment. Methods:In the prospective, multinational, observational INTERBIO-21st fetal study, conducted in maternity units in Pelotas (Brazil), Nairobi (Kenya), Karachi (Pakistan), Soweto (South Africa), Mae Sot (Thailand), and Oxford (UK), we enrolled women (≥18 years, with a BMI of less than 35 kg/m2, natural conception, and a singleton pregnancy) who initiated antenatal care before 14 weeks’ gestation. Ultrasound scans were performed every 5±1 weeks until delivery to measure fetal growth and feto–placental blood flow, and we used finite mixture models to derive growth trajectories of abdominal circumference. The infants’ health, growth, and development were monitored from birth to age 2 years. Early pregnancy maternal blood and umbilical cord venous blood samples were collected for untargeted metabolomic analysis. Findings:From Feb 8, 2012, to Nov 30, 2019, we enrolled 3598 pregnant women and followed up their infants to 2 years of age. We identified four ultrasound-derived trajectories of fetal abdominal circumference growth that accelerated or decelerated within a crucial 20–25 week gestational age window: faltering growth, early accelerating growth, late accelerating growth, and median growth tracking. These distinct phenotypes had matching feto–placental blood flow patterns throughout pregnancy, and different growth, adiposity, vision, and neurodevelopment outcomes in early childhood. There were 709 maternal metabolites with positive effect for the faltering growth phenotype and 54 for the early accelerating growth phenotype; 31 maternal metabolites had a negative effect for the faltering growth phenotype and 76 for the early accelerating growth phenotype. Metabolites associated with the faltering growth phenotype had statistically significant odds ratios close to 1·5 (ie, suggesting upregulation of metabolic pathways of impaired fetal growth). The metabolites had a reciprocal relationship with the early accelerating growth phenotype, with statistically significant odds ratios close to 0.6 (ie, suggesting downregulation of fetal growth acceleration). The maternal metabolite signatures included 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid, and 11 phosphatidylcholines linked to oxylipin or saturated fatty acid sidechains. The fungicide, chlorothalonil, was highly abundant in the early accelerating growth phenotype group. Interpretation:Early pregnancy lipid biology associated with fetal abdominal growth trajectories is an indicator of patterns of growth, adiposity, vision, and neurodevelopment up to the age of 2 years. Our findings could contribute to the earlier identification of infants at risk of obesity.
Published: 2022

19. Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in newborns and children show widespread sex differences in blood DNA methylation.

Author: Solomon, O, Huen, K, Yousefi, P, Küpers, LK, González, JR, Suderman, M, Reese, SE, Page, CM, Gruzieva, O, Rzehak, P, Gao, L, Bakulski, KM, Novoloaca, A, Allard, C, Pappa, I, Llambrich, M, Vives, M, Jima, DD, Kvist, T, Baccarelli, A, White, C, Rezwan, FI, Sharp, GC, Tindula, G, Bergström, A, Grote, V, Dou, JF, Isaevska, E, Magnus, MC, Corpeleijn, E, Perron, P, Jaddoe, VWV, Nohr, EA, Maitre, L, Foraster, M, Hoyo, C, Håberg, SE, Lahti, J, DeMeo, DL, Zhang, H, Karmaus, W, Kull, I, Koletzko, B, Feinberg, JI, Gagliardi, L, Bouchard, L, Ramlau-Hansen, CH, Tiemeier, H, Santorelli, G, Maguire, RL, Czamara, D, Litonjua, AA, Langhendries, J-P, Plusquin, M, Lepeule, J, Binder, EB, Verduci, E, Dwyer, T, Carracedo, Á, Ferre, N, Eskenazi, B, Kogevinas, M, Nawrot, TS, Munthe-Kaas, MC, Herceg, Z, Relton, C, Melén, E, Gruszfeld, D, Breton, C, Fallin, MD, Ghantous, A, Nystad, W, Heude, B, Snieder, H, Hivert, M-F, Felix, JF, Sørensen, TIA, Bustamante, M, Murphy, SK, Raikkönen, K, Oken, E, Holloway, JW, Arshad, SH, London, SJ, Holland, N, Solomon, O, Huen, K, Yousefi, P, Küpers, LK, González, JR, Suderman, M, Reese, SE, Page, CM, Gruzieva, O, Rzehak, P, Gao, L, Bakulski, KM, Novoloaca, A, Allard, C, Pappa, I, Llambrich, M, Vives, M, Jima, DD, Kvist, T, Baccarelli, A, White, C, Rezwan, FI, Sharp, GC, Tindula, G, Bergström, A, Grote, V, Dou, JF, Isaevska, E, Magnus, MC, Corpeleijn, E, Perron, P, Jaddoe, VWV, Nohr, EA, Maitre, L, Foraster, M, Hoyo, C, Håberg, SE, Lahti, J, DeMeo, DL, Zhang, H, Karmaus, W, Kull, I, Koletzko, B, Feinberg, JI, Gagliardi, L, Bouchard, L, Ramlau-Hansen, CH, Tiemeier, H, Santorelli, G, Maguire, RL, Czamara, D, Litonjua, AA, Langhendries, J-P, Plusquin, M, Lepeule, J, Binder, EB, Verduci, E, Dwyer, T, Carracedo, Á, Ferre, N, Eskenazi, B, Kogevinas, M, Nawrot, TS, Munthe-Kaas, MC, Herceg, Z, Relton, C, Melén, E, Gruszfeld, D, Breton, C, Fallin, MD, Ghantous, A, Nystad, W, Heude, B, Snieder, H, Hivert, M-F, Felix, JF, Sørensen, TIA, Bustamante, M, Murphy, SK, Raikkönen, K, Oken, E, Holloway, JW, Arshad, SH, London, SJ, and Holland, N
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Among children, sex-specific differences in disease prevalence, age of onset, and susceptibility have been observed in health conditions including asthma, immune response, metabolic health, some pediatric and adult cancers, and psychiatric disorders. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may play a role in the sexual differences observed in diseases and other physiological traits. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of the association of sex and cord blood DNA methylation at over 450,000 CpG sites in 8438 newborns from 17 cohorts participating in the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) Consortium. We also examined associations of child sex with DNA methylation in older children ages 5.5-10 years from 8 cohorts (n = 4268). RESULTS: In newborn blood, sex was associated at Bonferroni level significance with differences in DNA methylation at 46,979 autosomal CpG sites (p < 1.3 × 10-7) after adjusting for white blood cell proportions and batch. Most of those sites had lower methylation levels in males than in females. Of the differentially methylated CpG sites identified in newborn blood, 68% (31,727) met look-up level significance (p < 1.1 × 10-6) in older children and had methylation differences in the same direction. CONCLUSIONS: This is a large-scale meta-analysis examining sex differences in DNA methylation in newborns and older children. Expanding upon previous studies, we replicated previous findings and identified additional autosomal sites with sex-specific differences in DNA methylation. Differentially methylated sites were enriched in genes involved in cancer, psychiatric disorders, and cardiovascular phenotypes.
Published: 2022

20. Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in newborns and children show widespread sex differences in blood DNA methylation

Author: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Solomon, O; Huen, K; Yousefi, P; Küpers, LK; González, JR; Suderman, M; Reese, SE; Page, CM; Gruzieva, O; Rzehak, P; Gao, L; Bakulski, KM; Novoloaca, A; Allard, C; Pappa, I; Llambrich, M; Vives, M; Jima, DD; Kvist, T; Baccarelli, A; White, C; Rezwan, FI; Sharp, GC; Tindula, G; Bergström, A; Grote, V; Dou, JF; Isaevska, E; Magnus, MC; Corpeleijn, E; Perron, P; Jaddoe, VWV; Nohr, EA; Maitre, L; Foraster, M; Hoyo, C; Håberg, SE; Lahti, J; DeMeo, DL; Zhang, HM; Karmaus, W; Kull, I; Koletzko, B; Feinberg, JI; Gagliardi, L; Bouchard, L; Ramlau-Hansen, CH; Tiemeier, H; Santorelli, G; Maguire, RL; Czamara, D; Litonjua, AA; Langhendries, JP; Plusquin, M; Lepeule, J; Binder, EB; Verduci, E; Dwyer, T; Carracedo, A; Ferre, N; Eskenazi, B; Kogevinas, M; Nawrot, TS; Munthe-Kaas, MC; Herceg, Z; Relton, C; Melén, E; Gruszfeld, D; Breton, C; Fallin, MD; Ghantous, A; Nystad, W; Heude, B; Snieder, H; Hivert, MF; Felix, JF; Sorensen, TIA; Bustamante, M; Murphy, SK; Raikkönen, K; Oken, E; Holloway, JW; Arshad, SH; London, SJ; Holland, N, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Solomon, O; Huen, K; Yousefi, P; Küpers, LK; González, JR; Suderman, M; Reese, SE; Page, CM; Gruzieva, O; Rzehak, P; Gao, L; Bakulski, KM; Novoloaca, A; Allard, C; Pappa, I; Llambrich, M; Vives, M; Jima, DD; Kvist, T; Baccarelli, A; White, C; Rezwan, FI; Sharp, GC; Tindula, G; Bergström, A; Grote, V; Dou, JF; Isaevska, E; Magnus, MC; Corpeleijn, E; Perron, P; Jaddoe, VWV; Nohr, EA; Maitre, L; Foraster, M; Hoyo, C; Håberg, SE; Lahti, J; DeMeo, DL; Zhang, HM; Karmaus, W; Kull, I; Koletzko, B; Feinberg, JI; Gagliardi, L; Bouchard, L; Ramlau-Hansen, CH; Tiemeier, H; Santorelli, G; Maguire, RL; Czamara, D; Litonjua, AA; Langhendries, JP; Plusquin, M; Lepeule, J; Binder, EB; Verduci, E; Dwyer, T; Carracedo, A; Ferre, N; Eskenazi, B; Kogevinas, M; Nawrot, TS; Munthe-Kaas, MC; Herceg, Z; Relton, C; Melén, E; Gruszfeld, D; Breton, C; Fallin, MD; Ghantous, A; Nystad, W; Heude, B; Snieder, H; Hivert, MF; Felix, JF; Sorensen, TIA; Bustamante, M; Murphy, SK; Raikkönen, K; Oken, E; Holloway, JW; Arshad, SH; London, SJ; Holland, N
Abstract: Background: Among children, sex-specific differences in disease prevalence, age of onset, and susceptibility have been observed in health conditions including asthma, immune response, metabolic health, some pediatric and adult cancers, and psychiatric disorders. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may play a role in the sexual differences observed in diseases and other physiological traits. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of the association of sex and cord blood DNA methylation at over 450,000 CpG sites in 8438 newborns from 17 cohorts participating in the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) Consortium. We also examined associations of child sex with DNA methylation in older children ages 5.5–10 years from 8 cohorts (n = 4268). Results: In newborn blood, sex was associated at Bonferroni level significance with differences in DNA methylation at 46,979 autosomal CpG sites (p < 1.3 × 10−7) after adjusting for white blood cell proportions and batch. Most of those sites had lower methylation levels in males than in females. Of the differentially methylated CpG sites identified in newborn blood, 68% (31,727) met look-up level significance (p < 1.1 × 10−6) in older children and had methylation differences in the same direction. Conclusions: This is a large-scale meta-analysis examining sex differences in DNA methylation in newborns and older children. Expanding upon previous studies, we replicated previous findings and identified additional autosomal sites with sex-specific differences in DNA methylation. Differentially methylated sites were enriched in genes involved in cancer, psychiatric disorders, and cardiovascular phenotypes.
Published: 2022

21. Determinants of organophosphorus pesticide urinary metabolite levels in pregnant women from the CHAMACOS cohort

Author: Rosemary Castorina, K. Kogut, Bradman A, Kalantzi O, Robert B. Gunier, Nina Holland, and Eskenazi B
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Environmental Engineering, Epidemiology, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Urinary system, Metabolite, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Physiology, Pollution, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Cohort, Medicine, Environmental Chemistry, business, Organophosphorus pesticides, Waste Management and Disposal
Abstract: Organophosphosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used as insecticides in agriculture. Human exposure to OPs has been linked to adverse effects including poorer child neurodevelopment, reduced birth weight, altered serum hormone levels, and reduced semen quality. We measured six OP dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites [three dimethyl alkylphosphates (DMs) and three diethyl alkylphosphates (DEs)] in urine samples collected two times during pregnancy (~13 and ~26 weeks gestation) from 594 women participating in the CHAMACOS birth cohort study and resided in an agricultural community in the United States (U.S.) between 1999 and 2000. Previous studies have shown these women have higher OP exposures compared with the general U.S. population. We examined bivariate associations between prenatal DAP metabolite levels and exposure determinants such as age, season, years living in the US, housing characteristics, fruit and vegetable consumption, occupation and residential proximity to agricultural fields. Final multivariable models indicated that season of urine collection was significantly associated (p0.01) with specific gravity-adjusted DM, DE and total DAP metabolites; samples collected in fall and winter had higher concentrations than those collected in spring-summer. Specific gravity-adjusted levels of DM and total DAP metabolites were significantly higher in women who had resided in the U.S. for 5 years or less (p0.05). Levels of DM metabolites also increased with daily fruit and vegetable servings (p0.01), and levels of DE metabolites were higher in residences with poorer housekeeping quality (p0.01) and in mothers that worked in agriculture (p0.05). These findings suggest that there are multiple determinants of OP exposure in pregnant women.
Published: 2023
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22. Advancing Age Has Differential Effects on DNA Damage, Chromatin Integrity, Gene Mutations, and Aneuploidies in Sperm

Author: Wyrobek, A. J., Eskenazi, B., Young, S., Arnheim, N., Tiemann-Boege, I., Jabs, E. W., Glaser, R. L., Pearson, F. S., and Evenson, D.
Published: 2006
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23. Dioxin exposure associated with fecundability and infertility in mothers and daughters of Seveso, Italy

Author: Eskenazi, B, Ames, J, Rauch, S, Signorini, S, Brambilla, P, Mocarelli, P, Siracusa, C, Holland, N, Warner, M, Eskenazi, Brenda, Ames, Jennifer, Rauch, Stephen, Signorini, Stefano, Brambilla, Paolo, Mocarelli, Paolo, Siracusa, Claudia, Holland, Nina, Warner, Marcella, Eskenazi, B, Ames, J, Rauch, S, Signorini, S, Brambilla, P, Mocarelli, P, Siracusa, C, Holland, N, Warner, M, Eskenazi, Brenda, Ames, Jennifer, Rauch, Stephen, Signorini, Stefano, Brambilla, Paolo, Mocarelli, Paolo, Siracusa, Claudia, Holland, Nina, and Warner, Marcella
Abstract: STUDY QUESTION: Is there an association between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure and fecundability and infertility among Seveso women and their daughters? SUMMARY ANSWER: TCDD exposure is associated with a decrease in fecundability and increased risk of infertility in women, as well as their daughters. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: In animal studies, maternal exposure to TCDD is associated with decreased fertility in offspring. Effects of TCDD are mediated by activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) has followed 981 women exposed to TCDD in a 1976 accident since 1996. In 2014, we initiated the Seveso Second Generation Study to follow-up their children. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We obtained information on pregnancy history including time of trying to conceive from SWHS women and their daughters who were 18 years or older. We considered TCDD exposure as initial 1976 serum TCDD concentration and estimated TCDD at pregnancy. We examined relationships of TCDD exposure with time to pregnancy (TTP, the monthly probability of conception within the first 12 months of trying) and infertility (≥12 months of trying to conceive). We also assessed contributions of polymorphisms in the AHR pathway via genetic risk score. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Among SWHS women (n = 446), median TTP was 3 months and 18% reported taking ≥12 months to conceive. Initial 1976 TCDD (log10) was associated with longer TTP (adjusted fecundability odds ratio = 0.82; 95% CI 0.68-0.98) and increased risk of infertility (adjusted relative risk = 1.35; 95% CI 1.01-1.79). TCDD at pregnancy yielded similar associations. Among SWHS daughters (n = 66), median TTP was 2 months and 11% reported taking ≥12 months to conceive. Daughters showed similar, but non-significant, associations with maternal TCDD exposure. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: A limitation of this study is time to pregnan
Published: 2021

24. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies

Author: Vehmeijer, F.O.L. (Florianne O.L.), Küpers, A.M. (Marlijn), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Salas, L.A. (Lucas A.), Lent, S. (Samantha), Jima, D.D. (Dereje D.), Tindula, G. (Gwen), Reese, S.E. (Sarah E.), Qi, C. (Cancan), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Page, C. (Christian), Rezwan, F.I. (Faisal I.), Melton, P.E. (Philip E.), Nohr, C. (Christian), Escaramís, G. (Geòrgia), Rzehak, P. (Peter), Heiskala, A. (Anni), Gong, T. (Tong), Tuominen, S.T. (Samuli T.), Gao, L. (Lu), Ross, J.P. (Jason P.), Starling, A.P. (Anne P.), Holloway, J.W. (John W.), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Aasvang, G.M. (Gunn Marit), Beilin, L.J. (Lawrence), Bergström, A. (Anna), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Chatzi, L. (Leda), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Czamara, D. (Darina), Eskenazi, B. (B.), Ewart, S. (Susan), Ferre, N. (Natalia), Grote, V. (Veit), Gruszfeld, D. (Dariusz), Håberg, S.E. (Siri E), Hoyo, C. (Cathrine), Huen, K. (Karen), Karlsson, R. (Robert), Kull, C.A. (Christian), Langhendries, J.P. (Jean Paul), Lepeule, J. (Johanna), Magnus, M.C. (Maria C.), Maguire, R.L. (Rachel L.), Molloy, P.L. (Peter L.), Poppelaars-Monnereau, C. (Claire), Mori, T.A. (Trevor A.), Oken, E. (Emily), Räikkönen, K. (Katri), Rifas-Shiman, S.L. (Sheryl), Ruiz-Arenas, C. (Carlos), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Ullemar, V. (Vilhelmina), Verduci, E. (Elvira), Vonk, J.M. (Judith), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Yang, I.V. (Ivana V.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Zhang, W. (Weiming), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Dabelea, D. (Dana), Muhlhausler, B.S. (Beverly S.), Breton, C. (Carrie), Lahti, J. (Jari), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Koletzko, B. (Berthold), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Arshad, S.H. (Syed), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Melén, E. (Erik), Koppelman, G.H. (Gerard), London, S.J. (Stephanie J.), Holland, N. (Nina), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Murphy, S.K. (Susan K.), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Relton, C.L. (Caroline), Snieder, H. (Harold), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Vehmeijer, F.O.L. (Florianne O.L.), Küpers, A.M. (Marlijn), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Salas, L.A. (Lucas A.), Lent, S. (Samantha), Jima, D.D. (Dereje D.), Tindula, G. (Gwen), Reese, S.E. (Sarah E.), Qi, C. (Cancan), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Page, C. (Christian), Rezwan, F.I. (Faisal I.), Melton, P.E. (Philip E.), Nohr, C. (Christian), Escaramís, G. (Geòrgia), Rzehak, P. (Peter), Heiskala, A. (Anni), Gong, T. (Tong), Tuominen, S.T. (Samuli T.), Gao, L. (Lu), Ross, J.P. (Jason P.), Starling, A.P. (Anne P.), Holloway, J.W. (John W.), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Aasvang, G.M. (Gunn Marit), Beilin, L.J. (Lawrence), Bergström, A. (Anna), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Chatzi, L. (Leda), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Czamara, D. (Darina), Eskenazi, B. (B.), Ewart, S. (Susan), Ferre, N. (Natalia), Grote, V. (Veit), Gruszfeld, D. (Dariusz), Håberg, S.E. (Siri E), Hoyo, C. (Cathrine), Huen, K. (Karen), Karlsson, R. (Robert), Kull, C.A. (Christian), Langhendries, J.P. (Jean Paul), Lepeule, J. (Johanna), Magnus, M.C. (Maria C.), Maguire, R.L. (Rachel L.), Molloy, P.L. (Peter L.), Poppelaars-Monnereau, C. (Claire), Mori, T.A. (Trevor A.), Oken, E. (Emily), Räikkönen, K. (Katri), Rifas-Shiman, S.L. (Sheryl), Ruiz-Arenas, C. (Carlos), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Ullemar, V. (Vilhelmina), Verduci, E. (Elvira), Vonk, J.M. (Judith), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Yang, I.V. (Ivana V.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Zhang, W. (Weiming), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Dabelea, D. (Dana), Muhlhausler, B.S. (Beverly S.), Breton, C. (Carrie), Lahti, J. (Jari), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Koletzko, B. (Berthold), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Arshad, S.H. (Syed), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Melén, E. (Erik), Koppelman, G.H. (Gerard), London, S.J. (Stephanie J.), Holland, N. (Nina), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Murphy, S.K. (Susan K.), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Relton, C.L. (Caroline), Snieder, H. (Harold), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), and Felix, J.F. (Janine)
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, whether similar DNA methylation patterns are associated with childhood and adolescent body mass index (BMI) is largely unknown. More insight into this relationship at younger ages may have implications for future prevention of obesity and its related traits. Methods: We examined whether DNA methylation in cord blood and whole blood in childhood and adolescence was associated with BMI in the age range from 2 to 18 years using both cross-sectional and longitudinal models. We performed meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies including up to 4133 children from 23 studies. We examined the overlap of findings reported in previous studies in children and adults with those in our analyses and calculated enrichment. Results: DNA methylation at three CpGs (cg05937453, cg25212453, and cg10040131), each in a different age range, was associated with BMI at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10−7, with a 0.96 standard deviation score (SDS) (standard error (SE) 0.17), 0.32 SDS (SE 0.06), and 0.32 BMI SDS (SE 0.06) higher BMI per 10% increase in methylation, respectively. DNA methylation at nine additional CpGs in the cross-sectional childhood model was associated with BMI at false discovery rate significance. The strength of the associations of DNA methylation at the 187 CpGs previously identified to be associated with adult BMI, increased with advancing age across childhood and adolescence in our analyses. In addition, correlation coefficients between effect estimates for those CpGs in adults and in children and adolescents also increased. Among the top findings for each age range, we observed increasing enrichment for the CpGs that were previously identified in adults (birth Penrichment = 1; childhood Penrichment = 2.00 × 10−4; adolescence Penrichment = 2.10 × 10−7). Conclusions: There were only minimal associations of DNA methylation with childhood and adolescent BMI.
Published: 2020
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25. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age

Author: Merid, S.K. (Simon Kebede), Novoloaca, A. (Alexei), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Küpers, A.M. (Marlijn), Kho, A.T. (Alvin T.), Roy, R. (Ritu), Gao, L. (Lu), Annesi-Maesano, I. (Isabella), Jain, P. (Pooja), Plusquin, M. (Michelle), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Allard, C. (Catherine), Vehmeijer, F.O.L. (Florianne O.L.), Kazmi, N. (Nabila), Salas, L.A. (Lucas A.), Rezwan, F.I. (Faisal I.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Czamara, D. (Darina), Rifas-Shiman, S.L. (Sheryl), Melton, P.E. (Phillip E.), Lawlor, D.A. (Debbie A.), Pershagen, G. (Göran), Breton, C. (Carrie), Huen, K. (Karen), Baïz, N. (Nour), Gagliardi, L. (Luigi), Nawrot, T.S. (Tim S.), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Perron, P. (Patrice), Duijts, L. (Liesbeth), Nohr, C. (Christian), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Ewart, S. (Susan), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Zhao, S. (Shanshan), Page, C.M. (Christian M.), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lahti, J. (Jari), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Anderson, D. (Denise), Kachroo, P. (Priyadarshini), Relton, C.L. (Caroline), Bergström, A. (Anna), Eskenazi, B. (B.), Soomro, M.H. (Munawar Hussain), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Snieder, H. (Harold), Bouchard, L. (Luigi), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Arshad, S.H. (Syed), Holloway, J.W. (John W.), Håberg, S.E. (Siri E), Magnus, P. (Per), Dwyer, T. (Terence), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Demeo, D.L. (Dawn), Vonk, J.M. (Judith), Newnham, J.P. (John), Tantisira, K.G. (Kelan G.), Kull, C.A. (Christian), Wiemels, J. (Joseph), Heude, B. (Barbara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Munthe-Kaas, M.C. (Monica Cheng), Räikkönen, K. (Katri), Oken, E. (Emily), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Weiss, S.T. (Scott T.), Antó, J.M. (Josep Maria), Bousquet, J. (Jean), Kumar, A. (Ashish), Söderhäll, C. (Cilla), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Cardenas, A. (Andres), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Reese, S.E. (Sarah E.), Kere, J. (Juha), Brodin, P. (Petter), Solomon, O. (Olivia), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Holland, N. (Nina), Ghantous, A. (Akram), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Koppelman, G.H. (Gerard), London, S.J. (Stephanie J.), Melén, E. (Erik), Merid, S.K. (Simon Kebede), Novoloaca, A. (Alexei), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Küpers, A.M. (Marlijn), Kho, A.T. (Alvin T.), Roy, R. (Ritu), Gao, L. (Lu), Annesi-Maesano, I. (Isabella), Jain, P. (Pooja), Plusquin, M. (Michelle), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Allard, C. (Catherine), Vehmeijer, F.O.L. (Florianne O.L.), Kazmi, N. (Nabila), Salas, L.A. (Lucas A.), Rezwan, F.I. (Faisal I.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Czamara, D. (Darina), Rifas-Shiman, S.L. (Sheryl), Melton, P.E. (Phillip E.), Lawlor, D.A. (Debbie A.), Pershagen, G. (Göran), Breton, C. (Carrie), Huen, K. (Karen), Baïz, N. (Nour), Gagliardi, L. (Luigi), Nawrot, T.S. (Tim S.), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Perron, P. (Patrice), Duijts, L. (Liesbeth), Nohr, C. (Christian), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Ewart, S. (Susan), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Zhao, S. (Shanshan), Page, C.M. (Christian M.), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lahti, J. (Jari), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Anderson, D. (Denise), Kachroo, P. (Priyadarshini), Relton, C.L. (Caroline), Bergström, A. (Anna), Eskenazi, B. (B.), Soomro, M.H. (Munawar Hussain), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Snieder, H. (Harold), Bouchard, L. (Luigi), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Arshad, S.H. (Syed), Holloway, J.W. (John W.), Håberg, S.E. (Siri E), Magnus, P. (Per), Dwyer, T. (Terence), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Demeo, D.L. (Dawn), Vonk, J.M. (Judith), Newnham, J.P. (John), Tantisira, K.G. (Kelan G.), Kull, C.A. (Christian), Wiemels, J. (Joseph), Heude, B. (Barbara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Munthe-Kaas, M.C. (Monica Cheng), Räikkönen, K. (Katri), Oken, E. (Emily), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Weiss, S.T. (Scott T.), Antó, J.M. (Josep Maria), Bousquet, J. (Jean), Kumar, A. (Ashish), Söderhäll, C. (Cilla), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Cardenas, A. (Andres), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Reese, S.E. (Sarah E.), Kere, J. (Juha), Brodin, P. (Petter), Solomon, O. (Olivia), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Holland, N. (Nina), Ghantous, A. (Akram), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Koppelman, G.H. (Gerard), London, S.J. (Stephanie J.), and Melén, E. (Erik)
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. METHODS: We performed meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4-18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. RESULTS: We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27-42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10- 7, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. CONCLUSIONS: We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
Published: 2020
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26. Severe dioxin-like compound (DLC) contamination in e-waste recycling areas: An under-recognized threat to local health.

Author: Dai, Q, Xu, X, Eskenazi, B, Asante, KA, Chen, A, Fobil, J, Bergman, Å, Brennan, L, Sly, Peter, Nnorom, IC, Pascale, A, Wang, Q, Zeng, EY, Zeng, Z, Landrigan, PJ, Bruné Drisse, M-N, Huo, X, Dai, Q, Xu, X, Eskenazi, B, Asante, KA, Chen, A, Fobil, J, Bergman, Å, Brennan, L, Sly, Peter, Nnorom, IC, Pascale, A, Wang, Q, Zeng, EY, Zeng, Z, Landrigan, PJ, Bruné Drisse, M-N, and Huo, X
Abstract: Electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) burning and recycling activities have become one of the main emission sources of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Workers involved in e-waste recycling operations and residents living near e-waste recycling sites (EWRS) are exposed to high levels of DLCs. Epidemiological and experimental in vivo studies have reported a range of interconnected responses in multiple systems with DLC exposure. However, due to the compositional complexity of DLCs and difficulties in assessing mixture effects of the complex mixture of e-waste-related contaminants, there are few studies concerning human health outcomes related to DLC exposure at informal EWRS. In this paper, we have reviewed the environmental levels and body burdens of DLCs at EWRS and compared them with the levels reported to be associated with observable adverse effects to assess the health risks of DLC exposure at EWRS. In general, DLC concentrations at EWRS of many countries have been decreasing in recent years due to stricter regulations on e-waste recycling activities, but the contamination status is still severe. Comparison with available data from industrial sites and well-known highly DLC contaminated areas shows that high levels of DLCs derived from crude e-waste recycling processes lead to elevated body burdens. The DLC levels in human blood and breast milk at EWRS are higher than those reported in some epidemiological studies that are related to various health impacts. The estimated total daily intakes of DLCs for people in EWRS far exceed the WHO recommended total daily intake limit. It can be inferred that people living in EWRS with high DLC contamination have higher health risks. Therefore, more well-designed epidemiological studies are urgently needed to focus on the health effects of DLC pollution in EWRS. Continuous monitoring of the temporal trends of DLC levels in EWRS after actions is of highest importance.
Published: 2020

27. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age

Author: Merid, SK, Novoloaca, A, Sharp, GC, Kupers, LK, Kho, AT, Roy, R, Gao, L, Annesi-Maesano, I, Jain, P, Plusquin, M, Kogevinas, M, Allard, C, Vehmeijer, FO, Kazmi, N, Salas, LA, Rezwan, FI, Zhang, H, Sebert, S, Czamara, D, Rifas-Shiman, SL, Melton, PE, Lawlor, DA, Pershagen, G, Breton, CV, Huen, K, Baiz, N, Gagliardi, L, Nawrot, TS, Corpeleijn, E, Perron, P, Duijts, L, Nohr, EA, Bustamante, M, Ewart, SL, Karmaus, W, Zhao, S, Page, CM, Herceg, Z, Jarvelin, M-R, Lahti, J, Baccarelli, AA, Anderson, D, Kachroo, P, Relton, CL, Bergstrom, A, Eskenazi, B, Soomro, MH, Vineis, P, Snieder, H, Bouchard, L, Jaddoe, VW, Sorensen, TIA, Vrijheid, M, Arshad, SH, Holloway, JW, Haberg, SE, Magnus, P, Dwyer, T, Binder, EB, DeMeo, DL, Vonk, JM, Newnham, J, Tantisira, KG, Kull, I, Wiemels, JL, Heude, B, Sunyer, J, Nystad, W, Munthe-Kaas, MC, Raikkonen, K, Oken, E, Huang, R-C, Weiss, ST, Anto, JM, Bousquet, J, Kumar, A, Soderhall, C, Almqvist, C, Cardenas, A, Gruzieva, O, Xu, C-J, Reese, SE, Kere, J, Brodin, P, Solomon, O, Wielscher, M, Holland, N, Ghantous, A, Hivert, M-F, Felix, JF, Koppelman, GH, London, SJ, Melen, E, Merid, SK, Novoloaca, A, Sharp, GC, Kupers, LK, Kho, AT, Roy, R, Gao, L, Annesi-Maesano, I, Jain, P, Plusquin, M, Kogevinas, M, Allard, C, Vehmeijer, FO, Kazmi, N, Salas, LA, Rezwan, FI, Zhang, H, Sebert, S, Czamara, D, Rifas-Shiman, SL, Melton, PE, Lawlor, DA, Pershagen, G, Breton, CV, Huen, K, Baiz, N, Gagliardi, L, Nawrot, TS, Corpeleijn, E, Perron, P, Duijts, L, Nohr, EA, Bustamante, M, Ewart, SL, Karmaus, W, Zhao, S, Page, CM, Herceg, Z, Jarvelin, M-R, Lahti, J, Baccarelli, AA, Anderson, D, Kachroo, P, Relton, CL, Bergstrom, A, Eskenazi, B, Soomro, MH, Vineis, P, Snieder, H, Bouchard, L, Jaddoe, VW, Sorensen, TIA, Vrijheid, M, Arshad, SH, Holloway, JW, Haberg, SE, Magnus, P, Dwyer, T, Binder, EB, DeMeo, DL, Vonk, JM, Newnham, J, Tantisira, KG, Kull, I, Wiemels, JL, Heude, B, Sunyer, J, Nystad, W, Munthe-Kaas, MC, Raikkonen, K, Oken, E, Huang, R-C, Weiss, ST, Anto, JM, Bousquet, J, Kumar, A, Soderhall, C, Almqvist, C, Cardenas, A, Gruzieva, O, Xu, C-J, Reese, SE, Kere, J, Brodin, P, Solomon, O, Wielscher, M, Holland, N, Ghantous, A, Hivert, M-F, Felix, JF, Koppelman, GH, London, SJ, and Melen, E
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. METHODS: We performed meta-analysis of Illumina's HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4-18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. RESULTS: We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27-42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10- 7, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. CONCLUSIONS: We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
Published: 2020

28. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence:meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies

Author: Vehmeijer, F. O. (Florianne O. L.), Kuepers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Sharp, G. C. (Gemma C.), Salas, L. A. (Lucas A.), Lent, S. (Samantha), Jima, D. D. (Dereje D.), Tindula, G. (Gwen), Reese, S. (Sarah), Qi, C. (Cancan), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Page, C. (Christian), Rezwan, F. I. (Faisal, I), Melton, P. E. (Philip E.), Nohr, E. (Ellen), Escaramis, G. (Georgia), Rzehak, P. (Peter), Heiskala, A. (Anni), Gong, T. (Tong), Tuominen, S. T. (Samuli T.), Gao, L. (Lu), Ross, J. P. (Jason P.), Starling, A. P. (Anne P.), Holloway, J. W. (John W.), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Aasvang, G. M. (Gunn Marit), Beilin, L. J. (Lawrence J.), Bergstrom, A. (Anna), Binder, E. (Elisabeth), Chatzi, L. (Leda), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Czamara, D. (Darina), Eskenazi, B. (Brenda), Ewart, S. (Susan), Ferre, N. (Natalia), Grote, V. (Veit), Gruszfeld, D. (Dariusz), Haberg, S. E. (Siri E.), Hoyo, C. (Cathrine), Huen, K. (Karen), Karlsson, R. (Robert), Kull, I. (Inger), Langhendries, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Lepeule, J. (Johanna), Magnus, M. C. (Maria C.), Maguire, R. L. (Rachel L.), Molloy, P. L. (Peter L.), Monnereau, C. (Claire), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Oken, E. (Emily), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Rifas-Shiman, S. (Sheryl), Ruiz-Arenas, C. (Carlos), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Ullemar, V. (Vilhelmina), Verduci, E. (Elvira), Vonk, J. M. (Judith M.), Xu, C.-j. (Cheng-jian), Yang, I. V. (Ivana, V), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Zhang, W. (Weiming), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Dabelea, D. (Dana), Muhlhausler, B. S. (Beverly S.), Breton, C. V. (Carrie, V), Lahti, J. (Jari), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Koletzko, B. (Berthold), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Arshad, S. H. (Syed Hasan), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Melen, E. (Erik), Koppelman, G. H. (Gerard H.), London, S. J. (Stephanie J.), Holland, N. (Nina), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Murphy, S. K. (Susan K.), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Baccarelli, A. (Andrea), Relton, C. L. (Caroline L.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Jaddoe, V. W. (Vincent W. V.), Felix, J. F. (Janine F.), Vehmeijer, F. O. (Florianne O. L.), Kuepers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Sharp, G. C. (Gemma C.), Salas, L. A. (Lucas A.), Lent, S. (Samantha), Jima, D. D. (Dereje D.), Tindula, G. (Gwen), Reese, S. (Sarah), Qi, C. (Cancan), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Page, C. (Christian), Rezwan, F. I. (Faisal, I), Melton, P. E. (Philip E.), Nohr, E. (Ellen), Escaramis, G. (Georgia), Rzehak, P. (Peter), Heiskala, A. (Anni), Gong, T. (Tong), Tuominen, S. T. (Samuli T.), Gao, L. (Lu), Ross, J. P. (Jason P.), Starling, A. P. (Anne P.), Holloway, J. W. (John W.), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Aasvang, G. M. (Gunn Marit), Beilin, L. J. (Lawrence J.), Bergstrom, A. (Anna), Binder, E. (Elisabeth), Chatzi, L. (Leda), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Czamara, D. (Darina), Eskenazi, B. (Brenda), Ewart, S. (Susan), Ferre, N. (Natalia), Grote, V. (Veit), Gruszfeld, D. (Dariusz), Haberg, S. E. (Siri E.), Hoyo, C. (Cathrine), Huen, K. (Karen), Karlsson, R. (Robert), Kull, I. (Inger), Langhendries, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Lepeule, J. (Johanna), Magnus, M. C. (Maria C.), Maguire, R. L. (Rachel L.), Molloy, P. L. (Peter L.), Monnereau, C. (Claire), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Oken, E. (Emily), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Rifas-Shiman, S. (Sheryl), Ruiz-Arenas, C. (Carlos), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Ullemar, V. (Vilhelmina), Verduci, E. (Elvira), Vonk, J. M. (Judith M.), Xu, C.-j. (Cheng-jian), Yang, I. V. (Ivana, V), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Zhang, W. (Weiming), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Dabelea, D. (Dana), Muhlhausler, B. S. (Beverly S.), Breton, C. V. (Carrie, V), Lahti, J. (Jari), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Koletzko, B. (Berthold), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Arshad, S. H. (Syed Hasan), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Melen, E. (Erik), Koppelman, G. H. (Gerard H.), London, S. J. (Stephanie J.), Holland, N. (Nina), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Murphy, S. K. (Susan K.), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Baccarelli, A. (Andrea), Relton, C. L. (Caroline L.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Jaddoe, V. W. (Vincent W. V.), and Felix, J. F. (Janine F.)
Abstract: Background: DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, whether similar DNA methylation patterns are associated with childhood and adolescent body mass index (BMI) is largely unknown. More insight into this relationship at younger ages may have implications for future prevention of obesity and its related traits. Methods: We examined whether DNA methylation in cord blood and whole blood in childhood and adolescence was associated with BMI in the age range from 2 to 18 years using both cross-sectional and longitudinal models. We performed meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies including up to 4133 children from 23 studies. We examined the overlap of findings reported in previous studies in children and adults with those in our analyses and calculated enrichment. Results: DNA methylation at three CpGs (cg05937453, cg25212453, and cg10040131), each in a different age range, was associated with BMI at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10⁻⁷, with a 0.96 standard deviation score (SDS) (standard error (SE) 0.17), 0.32 SDS (SE 0.06), and 0.32 BMI SDS (SE 0.06) higher BMI per 10% increase in methylation, respectively. DNA methylation at nine additional CpGs in the cross-sectional childhood model was associated with BMI at false discovery rate significance. The strength of the associations of DNA methylation at the 187 CpGs previously identified to be associated with adult BMI, increased with advancing age across childhood and adolescence in our analyses. In addition, correlation coefficients between effect estimates for those CpGs in adults and in children and adolescents also increased. Among the top findings for each age range, we observed increasing enrichment for the CpGs that were previously identified in adults (birth Penrichment = 1; childhood Penrichment = 2.00 × 10⁻⁴; adolescence Penrichment = 2.10 × 10⁻⁷). Conclusions: There were only minimal associations of DNA methylation with childhood and adol
Published: 2020

29. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of blood DNA methylation in newborns and children identifies numerous loci related to gestational age

Author: Merid, S. K. (Simon Kebede), Novoloaca, A. (Alexei), Sharp, G. C. (Gemma C.), Kupers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Kho, A. T. (Alvin T.), Roy, R. (Ritu), Gao, L. (Lu), Annesi-Maesano, I. (Isabella), Jain, P. (Pooja), Plusquin, M. (Michelle), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Allard, C. (Catherine), Vehmeijer, F. O. (Florianne O.), Kazmi, N. (Nabila), Salas, L. A. (Lucas A.), Rezwan, F. I. (Faisal I.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Czamara, D. (Darina), Rifas-Shiman, S. L. (Sheryl L.), Melton, P. E. (Phillip E.), Lawlor, D. A. (Debbie A.), Pershagen, G. (Goran), Breton, C. V. (Carrie V.), Huen, K. (Karen), Baiz, N. (Nour), Gagliardi, L. (Luigi), Nawrot, T. S. (Tim S.), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Perron, P. (Patrice), Duijts, L. (Liesbeth), Nohr, E. A. (Ellen Aagaard), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Ewart, S. L. (Susan L.), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Zhao, S. (Shanshan), Page, C. M. (Christian M.), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lahti, J. (Jari), Baccarelli, A. A. (Andrea A.), Anderson, D. (Denise), Kachroo, P. (Priyadarshini), Relton, C. L. (Caroline L.), Bergstrom, A. (Anna), Eskenazi, B. (Brenda), Soomro, M. H. (Munawar Hussain), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Snieder, H. (Harold), Bouchard, L. (Luigi), Jaddoe, V. W. (Vincent W.), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Arshad, S. H. (S. Hasan), Holloway, J. W. (John W.), Haberg, S. E. (Siri E.), Magnus, P. (Per), Dwyer, T. (Terence), Binder, E. B. (Elisabeth B.), DeMeo, D. L. (Dawn L.), Vonk, J. M. (Judith M.), Newnham, J. (John), Tantisira, K. G. (Kelan G.), Kull, I. (Inger), Wiemels, J. L. (Joseph L.), Heude, B. (Barbara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Munthe-Kaas, M. C. (Monica C.), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Oken, E. (Emily), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Weiss, S. T. (Scott T.), Anto, J. M. (Josep Maria), Bousquet, J. (Jean), Kumar, A. (Ashish), Soderhall, C. (Cilla), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Cardenas, A. (Andres), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Reese, S. E. (Sarah E.), Kere, J. (Juha), Brodin, P. (Petter), Solomon, O. (Olivia), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Holland, N. (Nina), Ghantous, A. (Akram), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Felix, J. F. (Janine F.), Koppelman, G. H. (Gerard H.), London, S. J. (Stephanie J.), Melen, E. (Erik), Merid, S. K. (Simon Kebede), Novoloaca, A. (Alexei), Sharp, G. C. (Gemma C.), Kupers, L. K. (Leanne K.), Kho, A. T. (Alvin T.), Roy, R. (Ritu), Gao, L. (Lu), Annesi-Maesano, I. (Isabella), Jain, P. (Pooja), Plusquin, M. (Michelle), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Allard, C. (Catherine), Vehmeijer, F. O. (Florianne O.), Kazmi, N. (Nabila), Salas, L. A. (Lucas A.), Rezwan, F. I. (Faisal I.), Zhang, H. (Hongmei), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Czamara, D. (Darina), Rifas-Shiman, S. L. (Sheryl L.), Melton, P. E. (Phillip E.), Lawlor, D. A. (Debbie A.), Pershagen, G. (Goran), Breton, C. V. (Carrie V.), Huen, K. (Karen), Baiz, N. (Nour), Gagliardi, L. (Luigi), Nawrot, T. S. (Tim S.), Corpeleijn, E. (Eva), Perron, P. (Patrice), Duijts, L. (Liesbeth), Nohr, E. A. (Ellen Aagaard), Bustamante, M. (Mariona), Ewart, S. L. (Susan L.), Karmaus, W. (Wilfried), Zhao, S. (Shanshan), Page, C. M. (Christian M.), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lahti, J. (Jari), Baccarelli, A. A. (Andrea A.), Anderson, D. (Denise), Kachroo, P. (Priyadarshini), Relton, C. L. (Caroline L.), Bergstrom, A. (Anna), Eskenazi, B. (Brenda), Soomro, M. H. (Munawar Hussain), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Snieder, H. (Harold), Bouchard, L. (Luigi), Jaddoe, V. W. (Vincent W.), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Arshad, S. H. (S. Hasan), Holloway, J. W. (John W.), Haberg, S. E. (Siri E.), Magnus, P. (Per), Dwyer, T. (Terence), Binder, E. B. (Elisabeth B.), DeMeo, D. L. (Dawn L.), Vonk, J. M. (Judith M.), Newnham, J. (John), Tantisira, K. G. (Kelan G.), Kull, I. (Inger), Wiemels, J. L. (Joseph L.), Heude, B. (Barbara), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Nystad, W. (Wenche), Munthe-Kaas, M. C. (Monica C.), Raikkonen, K. (Katri), Oken, E. (Emily), Huang, R.-C. (Rae-Chi), Weiss, S. T. (Scott T.), Anto, J. M. (Josep Maria), Bousquet, J. (Jean), Kumar, A. (Ashish), Soderhall, C. (Cilla), Almqvist, C. (Catarina), Cardenas, A. (Andres), Gruzieva, O. (Olena), Xu, C.-J. (Cheng-Jian), Reese, S. E. (Sarah E.), Kere, J. (Juha), Brodin, P. (Petter), Solomon, O. (Olivia), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Holland, N. (Nina), Ghantous, A. (Akram), Hivert, M.-F. (Marie-France), Felix, J. F. (Janine F.), Koppelman, G. H. (Gerard H.), London, S. J. (Stephanie J.), and Melen, E. (Erik)
Abstract: Background: Preterm birth and shorter duration of pregnancy are associated with increased morbidity in neonatal and later life. As the epigenome is known to have an important role during fetal development, we investigated associations between gestational age and blood DNA methylation in children. Methods: We performed meta-analysis of Illumina’s HumanMethylation450-array associations between gestational age and cord blood DNA methylation in 3648 newborns from 17 cohorts without common pregnancy complications, induced delivery or caesarean section. We also explored associations of gestational age with DNA methylation measured at 4–18 years in additional pediatric cohorts. Follow-up analyses of DNA methylation and gene expression correlations were performed in cord blood. DNA methylation profiles were also explored in tissues relevant for gestational age health effects: fetal brain and lung. Results: We identified 8899 CpGs in cord blood that were associated with gestational age (range 27–42 weeks), at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10⁻⁷, of which 3343 were novel. These were annotated to 4966 genes. After restricting findings to at least three significant adjacent CpGs, we identified 1276 CpGs annotated to 325 genes. Results were generally consistent when analyses were restricted to term births. Cord blood findings tended not to persist into childhood and adolescence. Pathway analyses identified enrichment for biological processes critical to embryonic development. Follow-up of identified genes showed correlations between gestational age and DNA methylation levels in fetal brain and lung tissue, as well as correlation with expression levels. Conclusions: We identified numerous CpGs differentially methylated in relation to gestational age at birth that appear to reflect fetal developmental processes across tissues. These findings may contribute to understanding mechanisms linking gestational age to health effects.
Published: 2020

30. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies

Author: Vehmeijer, Florianne, Küpers, LK, Sharp, GC, Salas, LA, Lent, S, Jima, DD, Tindula, G, Reese, S, Qi, C, Gruzieva, O, Page, C, Rezwan, FI, Melton, PE, Nohr, E, Escaramís, G, Rzehak, P, Heiskala, A, Gong, T, Tuominen, ST, Gao, L, Ross, JP, Starling, AP, Holloway, JW, Yousefi, P, Aasvang, GM, Beilin, LJ, Bergström, A, Binder, E, Chatzi, L, Corpeleijn, E, Czamara, D, Eskenazi, B, Ewart, S, Ferre, N, Grote, V, Gruszfeld, D, Håberg, SE, Hoyo, C, Huen, K, Karlsson, R, Kull, I, Langhendries, J P, Lepeule, J, Magnus, MC, Maguire, RL, Molloy, PL, Monnereau, Claire, Mori, TA, Oken, E, Räikkönen, K, Rifas-Shiman, S, Ruiz-Arenas, C, Sebert, S, Ullemar, V, Verduci, E, Vonk, JM, Xu, CJ, Yang, IV, Zhang, H, Zhang, W, Karmaus, W, Dabelea, D, Muhlhausler, BS, Breton, CV, Lahti, J, Almqvist, C, Jarvelin, M R R, Koletzko, B, Vrijheid, M, Sørensen, TIA, Huang, RC, Arshad, SH, Nystad, W, Melén, E, Koppelman, GH, London, SJ, Holland, N, Bustamante, M, Murphy, SK, Hivert, MF, Baccarelli, A, Relton, CL, Snieder, H, Jaddoe, Vincent, Felix, Janine, Vehmeijer, Florianne, Küpers, LK, Sharp, GC, Salas, LA, Lent, S, Jima, DD, Tindula, G, Reese, S, Qi, C, Gruzieva, O, Page, C, Rezwan, FI, Melton, PE, Nohr, E, Escaramís, G, Rzehak, P, Heiskala, A, Gong, T, Tuominen, ST, Gao, L, Ross, JP, Starling, AP, Holloway, JW, Yousefi, P, Aasvang, GM, Beilin, LJ, Bergström, A, Binder, E, Chatzi, L, Corpeleijn, E, Czamara, D, Eskenazi, B, Ewart, S, Ferre, N, Grote, V, Gruszfeld, D, Håberg, SE, Hoyo, C, Huen, K, Karlsson, R, Kull, I, Langhendries, J P, Lepeule, J, Magnus, MC, Maguire, RL, Molloy, PL, Monnereau, Claire, Mori, TA, Oken, E, Räikkönen, K, Rifas-Shiman, S, Ruiz-Arenas, C, Sebert, S, Ullemar, V, Verduci, E, Vonk, JM, Xu, CJ, Yang, IV, Zhang, H, Zhang, W, Karmaus, W, Dabelea, D, Muhlhausler, BS, Breton, CV, Lahti, J, Almqvist, C, Jarvelin, M R R, Koletzko, B, Vrijheid, M, Sørensen, TIA, Huang, RC, Arshad, SH, Nystad, W, Melén, E, Koppelman, GH, London, SJ, Holland, N, Bustamante, M, Murphy, SK, Hivert, MF, Baccarelli, A, Relton, CL, Snieder, H, Jaddoe, Vincent, and Felix, Janine
Published: 2020

31. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies

Author: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Vehmeijer FOL; Küpers LK; Sharp GC; Salas LA; Lent S; Jima DD; Tindula G; Reese S; Qi C; Gruzieva O; Page C; Rezwan FI; Melton PE; Nohr E; Escaramís G; Rzehak P; Heiskala A; Gong T; Tuominen ST; Gao L; Ross JP; Starling AP; Holloway JW; Yousefi P; Aasvang GM; Beilin LJ; Bergström A; Binder E; Chatzi L; Corpeleijn E; Czamara D; Eskenazi B; Ewart S; Ferre N; Grote V; Gruszfeld D; Håberg SE; Hoyo C; Huen K; Karlsson R, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Vehmeijer FOL; Küpers LK; Sharp GC; Salas LA; Lent S; Jima DD; Tindula G; Reese S; Qi C; Gruzieva O; Page C; Rezwan FI; Melton PE; Nohr E; Escaramís G; Rzehak P; Heiskala A; Gong T; Tuominen ST; Gao L; Ross JP; Starling AP; Holloway JW; Yousefi P; Aasvang GM; Beilin LJ; Bergström A; Binder E; Chatzi L; Corpeleijn E; Czamara D; Eskenazi B; Ewart S; Ferre N; Grote V; Gruszfeld D; Håberg SE; Hoyo C; Huen K; Karlsson R
Abstract: © 2020, The Author(s). Background: DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, whether similar DNA methylation patterns are associated with childhood and adolescent body mass index (BMI) is largely unknown. More insight into this relationship at younger ages may have implications for future prevention of obesity and its related traits. Methods: We examined whether DNA methylation in cord blood and whole blood in childhood and adolescence was associated with BMI in the age range from 2 to 18 years using both cross-sectional and longitudinal models. We performed meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies including up to 4133 children from 23 studies. We examined the overlap of findings reported in previous studies in children and adults with those in our analyses and calculated enrichment. Results: DNA methylation at three CpGs (cg05937453, cg25212453, and cg10040131), each in a different age range, was associated with BMI at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10−7, with a 0.96 standard deviation score (SDS) (standard error (SE) 0.17), 0.32 SDS (SE 0.06), and 0.32 BMI SDS (SE 0.06) higher BMI per 10% increase in methylation, respectively. DNA methylation at nine additional CpGs in the cross-sectional childhood model was associated with BMI at false discovery rate significance. The strength of the associations of DNA methylation at the 187 CpGs previously identified to be associated with adult BMI, increased with advancing age across childhood and adolescence in our analyses. In addition, correlation coefficients between effect estimates for those CpGs in adults and in children and adolescents also increased. Among the top findings for each age range, we observed increasing enrichment for the CpGs that were previously ide
Published: 2020

32. Fetal growth velocity standards from the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project

Author: Ohuma, Eric O., primary, Villar, José, additional, Feng, Yuan, additional, Xiao, Luo, additional, Salomon, Laurent, additional, Barros, Fernando C., additional, Cheikh Ismail, Leila, additional, Stones, William, additional, Jaffer, Yasmin, additional, Oberto, Manuela, additional, Noble, J. Alison, additional, Gravett, Michael G., additional, Wu, Qingqing, additional, Victora, Cesar G., additional, Lambert, Ann, additional, Di Nicola, Paola, additional, Purwar, Manorama, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., additional, Kennedy, Stephen H., additional, Papageorghiou, Aris T., additional, Katz, M., additional, Bhan, M.K., additional, Garza, C., additional, Zaidi, S., additional, Langer, A., additional, Rothwell, P.M., additional, Weatherall, Sir D., additional, Bhutta, Z.A., additional, Villar, J., additional, Kennedy, S., additional, Altman, D.G., additional, Barros, F.C., additional, Bertino, E., additional, Burton, F., additional, Carvalho, M., additional, Cheikh Ismail, L., additional, Chumlea, W.C., additional, Gravett, M.G., additional, Jaffer, Y.A., additional, Lambert, A., additional, Lumbiganon, P., additional, Noble, J.A., additional, Pang, R.Y., additional, Papageorghiou, A.T., additional, Purwar, M., additional, Rivera, J., additional, Victora, C., additional, Shorten, M., additional, Hoch, L., additional, Knight, H.E., additional, Ohuma, E.O., additional, Cosgrove, C., additional, Blakey, I., additional, Roseman, F., additional, Kunnawar, N., additional, Gu, S.H., additional, Wang, J.H., additional, Wu, M.H., additional, Domingues, M., additional, Gilli, P., additional, Juodvirsiene, L., additional, Musee, N., additional, Al-Jabri, H., additional, Waller, S., additional, Muninzwa, D., additional, Yellappan, D., additional, Carter, A., additional, Reade, D., additional, Miller, R., additional, Salomon, L., additional, Leston, A., additional, Mitidieri, A., additional, Al-Aamri, F., additional, Paulsene, W., additional, Sande, J., additional, Al-Zadjali, W.K.S., additional, Batiuk, C., additional, Bornemeier, S., additional, Dighe, M., additional, Gaglioti, P., additional, Jacinta, N., additional, Jaiswal, S., additional, Oas, K., additional, Oberto, M., additional, Olearo, E., additional, Owende, M.G., additional, Shah, J., additional, Sohoni, S., additional, Todros, T., additional, Venkataraman, M., additional, Vinayak, S., additional, Wang, L., additional, Wilson, D., additional, Wu, Q.Q., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Chamberlain, P., additional, Danelon, D., additional, Sarris, I., additional, Dhami, J., additional, Ioannou, C., additional, Knight, C.L., additional, Napolitano, R., additional, Wanyonyi, S., additional, Pace, C., additional, Mkrtychyan, V., additional, Al-Habsi, F., additional, Alija, M., additional, Jimenez-Bustos, J.M., additional, Kizidio, J., additional, Puglia, F., additional, Liu, H., additional, Lloyd, S., additional, Mota, D., additional, Ochieng, R., additional, Rossi, C., additional, Sanchez Luna, M., additional, Shen, Y.J., additional, Rocco, D.A., additional, Frederick, I.O., additional, Albernaz, E., additional, Batra, M., additional, Bhat, B.A., additional, Di Nicola, P., additional, Giuliani, F., additional, Rovelli, I., additional, McCormick, K., additional, Paul, V., additional, Rajan, V., additional, Wilkinson, A., additional, Varalda, A., additional, Eskenazi, B., additional, Corra, L.A., additional, Dolk, H., additional, Golding, J., additional, Matijasevich, A., additional, de Wet, T., additional, Zhang, J.J., additional, Bradman, A., additional, Finkton, D., additional, Burnham, O., additional, Farhi, F., additional, Fonseca, S., additional, Sclowitz, I.K., additional, da Silveira, M.F., additional, He, Y.P., additional, Pan, Y., additional, Yuan, Y., additional, Choudhary, A., additional, Choudhary, S., additional, Deshmukh, S., additional, Dongaonkar, D., additional, Ketkar, M., additional, Khedikar, V., additional, Mahorkar, C., additional, Mulik, I., additional, Saboo, K., additional, Shembekar, C., additional, Singh, A., additional, Taori, V., additional, Tayade, K., additional, Somani, A., additional, Frigerio, M., additional, Gilli, G., additional, Giolito, M., additional, Occhi, L., additional, Signorile, F., additional, Stones, W., additional, Kisiang’ani, C., additional, Al-Abri, J., additional, Al-Abduwani, J., additional, Al-Habsi, F.M., additional, Al-Lawatiya, H., additional, Al-Rashidiya, B., additional, Juangco, F.R., additional, Andersen, H.F., additional, Abbott, S.E., additional, Carter, A.A., additional, Algren, H., additional, Sorensen, T.K., additional, and Enquobahrie, D., additional
Published: 2021
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33. A rapid questionnaire assessment of environmental exposures to pregnant women in the INTERGROWTH-21st Project

Author: Eskenazi, B, Bradman, A, Finkton, D, Purwar, M, Noble, J A, Pang, R, Burnham, O, Ismail, Cheikh L, Farhi, F, Barros, F C, Lambert, A, Papageorghiou, A T, Carvalho, M, Jaffer, Y A, Bertino, E, Gravett, M G, Altman, D G, Ohuma, E O, Kennedy, S H, Bhutta, Z A, and Villar, J
Published: 2013
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34. BMI in relation to sperm count: an updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis

Author: Sermondade, N., Faure, C., Fezeu, L., Shayeb, A.G., Bonde, J.P., Jensen, T.K., Van Wely, M., Cao, J., Martini, A.C., Eskandar, M., Chavarro, J.E., Koloszar, S., Twigt, J.M., Ramlau-Hansen, C.H., Borges, E., Jr, Lotti, F., Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.M., Zorn, B., Polotsky, A.J., La Vignera, S., Eskenazi, B., Tremellen, K., Magnusdottir, E.V., Fejes, I., Hercberg, S., Lévy, R., and Czernichow, S.
Published: 2013
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35. Sex ratio variations among the offspring of women with diabetes in pregnancy

Author: Ehrlich, S. F., Eskenazi, B., Hedderson, M. M., and Ferrara, A.
Published: 2012
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36. Effects of Age, Sex, and Prenatal Exposure on DNA Methylation in a Mexican-American Birth Cohort.: 18

Author: Yousefi, P, Aguilar, R, Quach, H, Karen, H, Volberg, V, Bradman, A, Eskenazi, B, and Holland, N
Published: 2012

37. Prenatal exposure phthalates and the association with maternal hyperglycemia, impaired glucose intolerance, gestational diabetes, and gestational weight gain in a high-risk Latina population

Author: Zukin, H., primary, Eskenazi, B., additional, Holland, N., additional, and Harley, K., additional
Published: 2020
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38. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and longitudinally assessed executive function and attention in childhood and early adolescence

Author: Sagiv, S., primary, Kogut, K., additional, Harley, K., additional, Bradman, A., additional, Morga, N., additional, and Eskenazi, B., additional
Published: 2020
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39. Prenatal exposure to insecticides and child weight trajectories in a South African birth cohort

Author: Kim, J., primary, Yang, S., additional, Obida, M., additional, Bornman, R., additional, Eskenazi, B., additional, and Chevrier, J., additional
Published: 2020
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40. Insecticide and fungicide exposure and neurodevelopment in preschool children from the Infant’s Environmental Health Study (ISA)

Author: Peñaloza Castañeda, J.E., primary, Mora Benamburgo, J., additional, Padilla Mora, M., additional, Mora Mora, A., additional, Córdoba Gamboa, L., additional, Eskenazi, B., additional, Lindh, C., additional, and van Wendel de Joode, B., additional
Published: 2020
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41. Prenatal exposure to pesticide mixtures and adolescent externalizing behavior in the CHAMACOS study

Author: Hyland, C., primary, Bradshaw, P., additional, Gunier, R.B., additional, Mora, A.M., additional, Kogut, K., additional, Deardorff, J., additional, Sagiv, S.K., additional, Bradman, A., additional, and Eskenazi, B., additional
Published: 2020
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42. Early life exposure to organophosphate pesticides, behavioral outcomes, and adaptive skills in adolescents from the CHAMACOS study

Author: Mora, A., primary, Sagiv, S.K., additional, Rauch, S., additional, Kogut, K., additional, Hyland, C., additional, Gunier, R.B., additional, Deardorff, J., additional, Bradman, A., additional, and Eskenazi, B., additional
Published: 2020
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43. Achieving accurate estimates of fetal gestational age and personalised predictions of fetal growth based on data from an international prospective cohort study: a population-based machine learning study

Author: Fung, Russell, primary, Villar, Jose, additional, Dashti, Ali, additional, Ismail, Leila Cheikh, additional, Staines-Urias, Eleonora, additional, Ohuma, Eric O, additional, Salomon, Laurent J, additional, Victora, Cesar G, additional, Barros, Fernando C, additional, Lambert, Ann, additional, Carvalho, Maria, additional, Jaffer, Yasmin A, additional, Noble, J Alison, additional, Gravett, Michael G, additional, Purwar, Manorama, additional, Pang, Ruyan, additional, Bertino, Enrico, additional, Munim, Shama, additional, Min, Aung Myat, additional, McGready, Rose, additional, Norris, Shane A, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Kennedy, Stephen H, additional, Papageorghiou, Aris T, additional, Ourmazd, Abbas, additional, Norris, S, additional, Abbott, SE, additional, Abubakar, A, additional, Acedo, J, additional, Ahmed, I, additional, Al-Aamri, F, additional, Al-Abduwani, J, additional, Al-Abri, J, additional, Alam, D, additional, Albernaz, E, additional, Algren, H, additional, Al-Habsi, F, additional, Alija, M, additional, Al-Jabri, H, additional, Al-Lawatiya, H, additional, Al-Rashidiya, B, additional, Altman, DG, additional, Al-Zadjali, WK, additional, Andersen, HF, additional, Aranzeta, L, additional, Ash, S, additional, Baricco, M, additional, Barros, FC, additional, Barsosio, H, additional, Batiuk, C, additional, Batra, M, additional, Berkley, J, additional, Bertino, E, additional, Bhan, MK, additional, Bhat, BA, additional, Bhutta, ZA, additional, Blakey, I, additional, Bornemeier, S, additional, Bradman, A, additional, Buckle, M, additional, Burnham, O, additional, Burton, F, additional, Capp, A, additional, Cararra, VI, additional, Carew, R, additional, Carrara, VI, additional, Carter, AA, additional, Carvalho, M, additional, Chamberlain, P, additional, Cheikh, Ismail L, additional, Cheikh Ismail, L, additional, Choudhary, A, additional, Choudhary, S, additional, Chumlea, WC, additional, Condon, C, additional, Corra, LA, additional, Cosgrove, C, additional, Craik, R, additional, da Silveira, MF, additional, Danelon, D, additional, de Wet, T, additional, de Leon, E, additional, Deshmukh, S, additional, Deutsch, G, additional, Dhami, J, additional, Di, Nicola P, additional, Dighe, M, additional, Dolk, H, additional, Domingues, M, additional, Dongaonkar, D, additional, Enquobahrie, D, additional, Eskenazi, B, additional, Farhi, F, additional, Fernandes, M, additional, Finkton, D, additional, Fonseca, S, additional, Frederick, IO, additional, Frigerio, M, additional, Gaglioti, P, additional, Garza, C, additional, Gilli, G, additional, Gilli, P, additional, Giolito, M, additional, Giuliani, F, additional, Golding, J, additional, Gravett, MG, additional, Gu, SH, additional, Guman, Y, additional, He, YP, additional, Hoch, L, additional, Hussein, S, additional, Ibanez, D, additional, Ioannou, C, additional, Jacinta, N, additional, Jackson, N, additional, Jaffer, YA, additional, Jaiswal, S, additional, Jimenez-Bustos, JM, additional, Juangco, FR, additional, Juodvirsiene, L, additional, Katz, M, additional, Kemp, B, additional, Kennedy, S, additional, Ketkar, M, additional, Khedikar, V, additional, Kihara, M, additional, Kilonzo, J, additional, Kisiang'ani, C, additional, Kizidio, J, additional, Knight, CL, additional, Knight, HE, additional, Kunnawar, N, additional, Laister, A, additional, Lambert, A, additional, Langer, A, additional, Lephoto, T, additional, Leston, A, additional, Lewis, T, additional, Liu, H, additional, Lloyd, S, additional, Lumbiganon, P, additional, Macauley, S, additional, Maggiora, E, additional, Mahorkar, C, additional, Mainwaring, M, additional, Malgas, L, additional, Matijasevich, A, additional, McCormick, K, additional, McGready, R, additional, Miller, R, additional, Min, A, additional, Mitidieri, A, additional, Mkrtychyan, V, additional, Monyepote, B, additional, Mota, D, additional, Mulik, I, additional, Munim, S, additional, Muninzwa, D, additional, Musee, N, additional, Mwakio, S, additional, Mwangudzah, H, additional, Napolitano, R, additional, Newton, CR, additional, Ngami, V, additional, Noble, JA, additional, Norris, T, additional, Nosten, F, additional, Oas, K, additional, Oberto, M, additional, Occhi, L, additional, Ochieng, R, additional, Ohuma, EO, additional, Olearo, E, additional, Olivera, I, additional, Owende, MG, additional, Pace, C, additional, Pan, Y, additional, Pang, RY, additional, Papageorghiou, AT, additional, Patel, B, additional, Paul, V, additional, Paulsene, W, additional, Puglia, F, additional, Purwar, M, additional, Rajan, V, additional, Raza, A, additional, Reade, D, additional, Rivera, J, additional, Rocco, DA, additional, Roseman, F, additional, Roseman, S, additional, Rossi, C, additional, Rothwell, PM, additional, Rovelli, I, additional, Saboo, K, additional, Salam, R, additional, Salim, M, additional, Salomon, L, additional, Sanchez, Luna M, additional, Sande, J, additional, Sarris, I, additional, Savini, S, additional, Sclowitz, IK, additional, Seale, A, additional, Shah, J, additional, Sharps, M, additional, Shembekar, C, additional, Shen, YJ, additional, Shorten, M, additional, Signorile, F, additional, Singh, A, additional, Sohoni, S, additional, Somani, A, additional, Sorensen, TK, additional, Soria- Frisch, A, additional, Staines Urias, E, additional, Stein, A, additional, Stones, W, additional, Taori, V, additional, Tayade, K, additional, Todros, T, additional, Uauy, R, additional, Varalda, A, additional, Venkataraman, M, additional, Victora, C, additional, Villar, J, additional, Vinayak, S, additional, Waller, S, additional, Walusuna, L, additional, Wang, JH, additional, Wang, L, additional, Wanyonyi, S, additional, Weatherall, D, additional, Wiladphaingern, S, additional, Wilkinson, A, additional, Wilson, D, additional, Wu, MH, additional, Wu, QQ, additional, Wulff, K, additional, Yellappan, D, additional, Yuan, Y, additional, Zaidi, S, additional, Zainab, G, additional, Zhang, JJ, additional, and Zhang, Y, additional
Published: 2020
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44. Fungi and pollen exposure in the first months of life and risk of early childhood wheezing

Author: Harley, K G, Macher, J M, Lipsett, M, Duramad, P, Holland, N T, Prager, S S, Ferber, J, Bradman, A, Eskenazi, B, and Tager, I B
Published: 2009
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45. The association of folate, zinc and antioxidant intake with sperm aneuploidy in healthy non-smoking men

Author: Young, S.S., Eskenazi, B., Marchetti, F.M., Block, G., and Wyrobek, A.J.
Published: 2008

46. Sperm forward motion and aging

Author: Sloter, E., Schmid, T. E., Marchetti, F., Eskenazi, B., Nath, J., and Wyrobek, A. J.
Published: 2007

47. The human sex ratio in New York City did not change after 11 September 2001

Author: Catalano, R., Bruckner, T., Marks, A., and Eskenazi, B.
Published: 2007

48. The effects of male age on sperm DNA damage in healthy non-smokers

Author: Schmid, T.E., Eskenazi, B., Baumgartner, A., Marchetti, F., Young, S., Weldon, R., Anderson, D., and Wyrobek, A.J.
Published: 2007

49. Quantitative effects of male age on sperm motion

Author: Sloter, E., Schmid, T.E., Marchetti, F., Eskenazi, B., Nath, J., and Wyrobek, A.J.
Published: 2006

50. Antioxidant intake is associated with semen quality in healthy men

Author: Eskenazi, B., Kidd, S.A., Marks, A.R., Sloter, E., Block, G., and Wyrobek, A.J.
Published: 2005

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