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This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of C. burnetii in domestic ruminants, wild ungulates, as well as the current situation of Q fever in humans in a small region in northwestern Spain where a close contact at the wildlife–livestock–human interface exists, and information on C. burnetii infection is scarce. Seroprevalence of C. burnetii was 8.4% in sheep, 18.4% in cattle, and 24.4% in goats. Real-time PCR analysis of environmental samples collected in 25 livestock farms detected Coxiella DNA in dust and/or aerosols collected in 20 of them. Analysis of sera from 327 wild ungulates revealed lower seroprevalence than that found in domestic ruminants, with 8.4% of Iberian red deer, 7.3% chamois, 6.9% fallow deer, 5.5% European wild boar and 3.5% of roe deer harboring antibodies to C. burnetii. Exposure to the pathogen in humans was determined by IFAT analysis of 1312 blood samples collected from patients admitted at healthcare centers with Q fever compatible symptoms, such as fever and/or pneumonia. Results showed that 15.9% of the patients had IFAT titers ≥ 1/128 suggestive of probable acute infection. This study is an example of a One Health approach with medical and veterinary institutions involved in investigating zoonotic diseases

[ES] Se ha realizado la ordenación del Monte de Utilidad Pública V139 “Barranco Sancho”en el T.M de la Yesa para un periodo de 10 años, con el objetivo de cuantificar, analizar y planificar los recursos existentes. El monte tiene una superficie de 1.398,025 ha, y no presenta ningún enclavado dentro de él. Predominan las superficies ocupadas por especies arbóreas. Gran parte de las cuales se corresponden con zonas de sabinar y masas de Pinus nigra. El método de inventario forestal aplicado se ha basado en el uso combinado de tecnología LIDAR (Parcelas “LIDAR”), técnicas de inventario forestal convencionales (Parcelas “Clasicas”), y estimación pericial inmediata (Parcelas “Periciales”). Cabe destacar, que el monte objeto del presente Plan de ordenación están incluidos en el Catálogo de Montes de Utilidad Pública de la Comunidad Valenciana y por tanto, tienen un objetivo prioritario de protección. Por lo que, el resto de objetivos que se fijen (tanto de producción como de uso público) deben estar supeditados a esta condición y establecerse con las condiciones necesarias para procurar el cumplimiento del fin protector de las masas. El monte se dividirá en unidades de menor tamaño, siendo progresivamente, cuartel (engloba a todo el monte), cantones y rodales, siendo este ultimo la unidad mínima de inventario. En la ordenación de montes por rodales, la planificación a largo plazo es general y orientativa. Esta se basa en la definición de orientaciones de gestión generales para cada tipo de masa (modelos de gestión) mediante la cual se tratará de alcanzar los objetivos de multifuncionalidad y potenciación de los servicios ambientales de producción, protección y culturales, asegurando la persistencia de las masas. La elección de este método de ordenación se justifica en primer lugar porque no existía una ordenación ni gestión previas del monte que determinasen un método de ordenación a seguir; y en segundo lugar, porque la ordenación por rodales permite por su flexibilidad, [EN] The public utility Monte V139 "Barranco Sancho" in the T.M de la Yesa has been ordered for a period of 10 years, in order to quantify, analyze and plan existing resources. The mountain has a surface of 1,398,025 ha, and does not present any nailing inside it. Predominate the surfaces occupied by tree species. A geat part of which correspond to zones of sabinar and masses of Pinus nigra. The applied forest inventory method has been based on the combined use of LIDAR technology ("LIDAR" plots), conventional forest inventory techniques ("Classic" plots), and immediate expert estimation ("Expert" plots). It is worth mentioning that the forest that is the subject of this Project is included in the Catalog of Public Utility Forests of the Valencian Community and therefore, has a priority protection objective. Therefore, the remaining objectives that are set (both production and public use) must be subject to this condition and be established with the necessary conditions to ensure compliance with the protective purpose of the masses. The mountain will be divided into units of smaller size, being progressively, barracks (encompasses the entire forest), cantons and stands, the latter being the minimum unit of inventory. In the management of forest by stands, long-term planning is general and indicative. This is based on the definition of general management guidelines for each type of mass (management models) through which it will seek to achieve the objectives of multifunctionality and enhancement of environmental production, protection and cultural services, ensuring the persistence of masses. The choice of this method of management is justified in the first place because there was no previous management of the forest that determined a management method to be followed; and secondly, because sorting by stands allows for flexibility to adapt to new management guidelines that arise. The silvicultural characteristics, according to the philosophy of the management method t

Leishmaniosis is, to date, considered the second most important emerging vector-borne protozoal disease in the world after malaria. The form of zoonotic visceral leishmaniosis found in the Mediterranean basin is caused by Leishmania infantum, and its life cycle includes the domestic dog and a phlebotomine sandfly vector. This complex epidemiological cycle and its high prevalence of subclinical infection, hinder the surveillance and control of L. infantum, and allows it to go unnoticed at the geographical endemicity limits of the parasite or in recently colonized areas. We, therefore, tested 102 wolves (Canis lupus) and 47 other wild carnivores in order to detect Leishmania DNA by means of PCR. Samples were collected from 2008 to 2014 in Asturias (northern Spain), a region considered non-endemic for the parasite. The results obtained provided valuable information regarding the prevalence of Leishmania in wild carnivores in Asturias and its geographic distribution in the region: an average prevalence of 33% for wolves and an overall prevalence of 40% for all the wild carnivores studied were reported, with a widespread presence of the parasite in the region and an apparent increase in its prevalence in wolves during the last decade. This suggests the usefulness of the wolf as a sentinel species for the detection and study of Leishmania in the field and confirms the value of wildlife sanitary surveillance programs for the detection and monitoring of hitherto disregarded diseases that affect domestic animals and humans.

There is a surprisingly scarce amount of epidemiological and molecular data on the prevalence, frequency, and diversity of the intestinal protozoan parasites Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in wildlife in general and mesocarnivore species in particular. Consequently, the extent of the cyst/oocyst environmental contamination attributable to these wild host species and their potential implications for public veterinary health remain largely unknown. In this molecular epidemiological survey a total of 193 individual faecal samples from badgers (Meles meles, n = 70), ferrets (Mustela putorius furo, n = 2), genets (Genetta genetta, n = 6), Iberian lynxes (Lynx pardinus, n = 6), beech martens (Martes foina, n = 8), mongooses (Herpestes ichneumon, n = 2), otters (Lutra lutra, n = 2), polecats (Mustela putorius, n = 2), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes, n = 87), wildcats (Felis silvestris, n = 2), and wolves (Canis lupus, n = 6) were obtained from road-killed, hunted, and accidentally found carcasses, and from camera-trap surveys or animals entering rescue shelters, during the period December 2003–April 2016. Investigated specimens were collected in five Spanish autonomous regions including Andalusia (n = 1), Asturias (n = 69), Basque Country (n = 49), Castile-La Mancha (n = 38), and Extremadura (n = 36). The presence of cysts/oocysts was confirmed by PCR-based methods targeting the small subunit (ssu) ribosomal RNA gene of these parasite species. Genotyping of the obtained isolates were attempted at appropriate markers including the glutamate dehydrogenase (G. duodenalis) and the 60-kDa glycoprotein (C. parvum and C. ubiquitum) loci. Overall, G. duodenalis was detected in 8% (7/87) of red foxes, a single beech marten, and a single wolf, respectively. Cryptosporidium was identified in 3% (2/70) of badgers, 8% (7/87) of red foxes, a single genet, and a single mongoose, respectively. None of the nine G. duodenalis isolates generated could be genotyped at the assemblage/su

Serum samples collected from Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus; n=472), fallow deer (Dama dama; n=293) and European wild boar (Sus scrofa; n=174) in Asturias, Northern Spain, from 1999 to 2005 were examined for antibodies against a reference panel of 14 Leptospira spp. serovars. Positive antibody titres at a microscopic agglutination test cut-off of 1:80 were detected against serovars Pomona (1.6%, 5.8%, 5.2%), Bratislava (1.1%, 0.7%, 4.7%), Grippotyphosa (0.7%, 2.4%, 1.7%), Muenchen (2.6%, 0%, 0%), Pyrogenes (0.4%, 2.4%, 1.2%), Panama (1.2%, 1.7%, 0%), Copenhageni (0%, 0.7%, 0.6%), Autumnalis (0.4%, 0%, 0.6%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (0%, 0%, 0.6%) in Iberian red deer, fallow deer and European wild boar, respectively.

A total of 2,465 seabirds, mainly common murres (Uria aalge), razorbills (Alca torda), and puffins (Fratercula arctica) that beached in the northwestern part of Spain after the >Prestige> oil spill on 19 November 2002 were examined by pathological methods. Birds were divided into three groups: dead birds with the body covered (group 1) or uncovered (group 2) by oil and birds recovered alive but which died after being treated at a rescue center (group 3). The main gross lesions were severe dehydration and emaciation. Microscopically, hemosiderin deposits, related to cachexia and/or hemolytic anemia, were observed in those birds harboring oil in the intestine. Severe aspergillosis and ulcers in the ventriculus were found only in group 3 birds, probably because of stress associated with attempted rehabilitation at the rescue center. The mild character of the pathological changes suggests that petroleum oil toxicosis causes multiple sublethal changes that have an effect on the ability of the birds to survive at sea, especially weak and young, inexperienced animals. Dehydration and exhaustion seem to be the most likely cause of death.

Eighty foetuses from some of the main cattle-producing regions in Spain were analysed to investigate the participation of Neospora caninum in cases of bovine abortion. Diagnosis of the infection was determined by histopathological analysis complemented with immunohistochemistry, serology (IFAT and ELISA) and PCR tests. A total of 38.8% of the bovine foetuses analysed were considered to be infected by at least one of the diagnostic techniques used. Microscopic lesions consistent with Neospora infection in brain were identified in 31.3% of the samples, whereas only 10.7 and 15.3% were positive using serological and PCR analysis, respectively. Perfect agreement was shown between IFAT and ELISA, although there was little agreement among results of the other diagnostic techniques. Gestational age of aborted foetuses checked ranged from <3 to 9 months, with a mean of 5.9 months, and no difference in age was found between infected arid non-infected foetuses (P>0.05). This study confirms the importance of N. caninum as a cause of abortion in Spain and underlines the need to use different diagnostic techniques to increase the chance to detect the infection in aborted foetuses.