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1. Eastern Mediterranean water outflow during the Younger Dryas was twice that of the present day

Author: Sergio Trias-Navarro, Leopoldo David Pena, Maria de la Fuente, Eduardo Paredes, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jaime Frigola, Albert Català, Antonio Caruso, Fabrizio Lirer, Negar Haghipour, José Noel Pérez-Asensio, and Isabel Cacho
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Abstract Eastern Mediterranean deep-intermediate convection was highly sensitive to varying inputs of fresh water fluxes associated with increased rainfall during the African Humid period (15-6 kyr Before Present). Here we investigate changes in the water-outflow from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea since the last deglaciation using neodymium isotope ratios. Our results indicate enhanced outflow during the Younger Dryas, two times higher than present-day outflow and about three times higher than during the last Sapropel. We propose that the increased outflow into the western Mediterranean over the Younger Dryas was the result of the combined effect of 1) enhanced climate-driven convection in the Aegean Sea and 2) reduced convection of western deep water during this period. Our results provide solid evidence for an enhanced Younger Dryas westward flow of Eastern Mediterranean sourced waters in consonance with an intensification of Mediterranean water-outflow during a weakened state of the Atlantic circulation.
Published: 2023
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2. Publisher Correction: Eastern Mediterranean water outflow during the Younger Dryas was twice that of the present day

Author: Sergio Trias-Navarro, Leopoldo David Pena, Maria de la Fuente, Eduardo Paredes, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jaime Frigola, Albert Català, Antonio Caruso, Fabrizio Lirer, Negar Haghipour, José Noel Pérez-Asensio, and Isabel Cacho
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Published: 2023
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3. Differentiating Lithogenic Supplies, Water Mass Transport, and Biological Processes On and Off the Kerguelen Plateau Using Rare Earth Element Concentrations and Neodymium Isotopic Compositions

Author: Melanie Grenier, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Nolwenn Lemaitre, Thomas W. Trull, Vincent Bouvier, Philippe Nonnotte, Pieter van Beek, Marc Souhaut, Francois Lacan, and Catherine Jeandel
Subjects: Southern Ocean, Kerguelen Islands, rare earth elements, fractionation, anomalies, lithogenic, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract: Distributions of dissolved rare earth element (REE) concentrations and neodymium isotopic compositions (expressed as εNd) of seawater over and off the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean are presented. The sampling took place during the austral spring bloom in October–November 2011 (KEOPS2 project, GEOTRACES process study) and aimed to further the investigations of the KEOPS1 austral summer study in terms of sources and transport of lithogenic material, and to investigate the impact of local biogeochemical cycles on the REE distributions. The REE signature of the coastal eastern Kerguelen Islands waters was characterized by negative europium anomalies (Eu/Eu*) and negative εNd in filtered samples. By contrast, the unfiltered sample showed a positive Eu/Eu* and more radiogenic εNd. These distinct signatures could reflect either differential dissolution of the local flood basalt minerals or differential leaching of local trachyte veins. The dissolved Kerguelen coastal REE patterns differ from those observed close to Heard Island, these latter featuring a positive Eu/Eu* and a less radiogenic εNd (Zhang et al., 2008). These differences enabled us to trace the transport of waters (tagged by the Kerguelen REE signature) 200 km downstream from the coastal area, north of the Polar Front. Northward transport of the central Plateau shallow waters, enriched by both local vertical supplies and lateral advection of inputs from Heard Island, was also evident. However, the transport of Kerguelen inputs southeastward across the Polar Front could not be discerned (possibly as a result of rapid dilution or scavenging of REE signatures), although evidence for such transport was found previously using Ra isotopes (Sanial et al., 2015). Comparison of the REE patterns at stations sampled prior, during and at the demise of the bloom revealed diverse fractionations, including production of significant lanthanum and europium anomalies, which are tentatively ascribed to chemical reactions with various inorganic and biogenic phases, including surface coatings, barite crystals, and biogenic silica.
Published: 2018
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4. Convulsed western Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during the last glacial-interglacial transition from neodymium isotope ratios

Author: Jaime Frigola, Leopoldo D. Pena, Albert Català, Jose Noel Pérez-Asensio, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Steve L. Goldstein, Fabrizio Lirer, and Isabel Cacho
Abstract: Severe changes in the western Mediterranean (WMed) thermohaline circulation occurred during the last major glacial-interglacial transition, mostly due to oceanographic and atmospheric re-adjustments. Changes in water column stratification or deep water convection are controlled by the evaporation-precipitation balance of the basin but also by temperature and the intensity of local winds.A general freshening of the inflowing Atlantic waters through the Strait of Gibraltar during the central phase of the Heinrich Stadial (HS) 1 due to the intense iceberg melting favoured increased water column stratification in the WMed and reduced deep convection, as observed by synchronous depletions in both the benthic δ13C and grain-size signals from a location close to the deep convection source. Post-glacial sea level rise further enhanced stratification of the WMed, with minimum deep convection achieved at a later time, and leading to the formation of the last Organic Rich Layer (ORL) in the Alboran Sea. These stratified conditions in the surface WMed were also favoured by more stable atmospheric conditions related to summer insolation maxima.The integrated study of benthic foraminifera assemblages and TOC records from three sediment cores distributed between 900 m to 2400 m water depths in the basin corroborate the deterioration of deep water ventilation conditions during this period but also provide a first glimpse on an earlier re-ventilation of the intermediate layer. However, the Deep Western Mediterranean Waters did not re-ventilated until the early Holocene, when deep water convection in the Gulf of Lion was resumed by a major cold event with intensified north-westerly winds.We review these key changes in the western Mediterranean thermohaline system by means of neodymium isotopic ratios (εNd) measurements on Fe-Mn encrusted planktonic foraminifera from 4 sediment cores covering a depth profile from 650 mwd to 2400 mwd. Neodymium isotope ratios are used here as a conservative water mass mixing proxy thus allowing to investigate changes of the western Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during the last 22 kyr. Validation of Fe-Mn encrusted foraminifera εNd as tracer of deep water masses in the Mediterranean has been carried out by means of analysis in core-top samples from depths representing main Mediterranean water masses and comparison with published seawater εNd values.Our results show a quite homogeneous εNd signal for intermediate and deep waters during the end of the last glacial period, prior to the deposition of the ORL, likely suggesting a very well homogenized water column. However, significant differences can be observed between the deepest record and those of intermediate depths during the ORL time interval and the early Holocene (14-6 kyr), pointing to important changes in the western Mediterranean thermohaline circulation and likely suggesting different waters mass sources for deep and intermediate levels.
Published: 2020
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5. Balancing Rare Earth Element distributions in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Author: Ester Garcia-Solsona, Catherine Jeandel, Universidad de Barcelona [Barcelona, Spain], Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Water mass, Biogeochemical cycle, external inputs, Rare Earth Elements, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Water column, Geochemistry and Petrology, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Scavenging, reversible scavenging, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Rare-earth element, Neodymium isotopes, Geology, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], North Western Mediterranean Sea, Seawater, Groundwater, mass balance
Abstract: International audience; Elemental concentrations of Rare Earth Elements (REE) and isotopic compositions of Neodymium (ε Nd) have been measured in three water column profiles in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. Clear enrichments of REE are observed when comparing to adjacent Atlantic waters suggesting REE inputs along the circulation in this area. For the first time, relative proportions of external sources including submarine groundwater discharges (SGD) have been quantified for the studied area. Atmospheric deposition is estimated to be the most important external source for all the REE with an average contribution of 44%, followed by diffusion from porewaters, which provide a 30%. Dissolved riverine fluxes account for 11%, SGD for 10% and dissolution of remobilized surface sediments the remaining 6%. Mass balances accounting for seawater transport and identified external sources have been delineated for the three main water masses (Modified Atlantic Waters, Levantine Intermediate Waters and Western Mediterranean Deep Waters). They show that the balances of REE in this area are dominated by seawater mass mixing. Superimposed on this hydrography, REE vertical profiles are affected by external sources and biogeochemical cycling. Dissolved REE are correctly balanced in deep waters whereas substantial missing fluxes are identified in the surface and intermediate water masses. Additional net LREE outputs and HREE inputs are required in the surface waters while net output fluxes for all the REE are missing at intermediate waters. The most likely process suggested here is an active reversible scavenging, consistent with a stronger adsorption of LREE compared to HREE. In the particular case of the redox-sensitive cerium, the most plausible mechanism to explain the net output missing fluxes is Ce +3 removal by particle scavenging via oxidation to insoluble Ce +4. Estimated Ce oxidation rates of 0.33% d −1 in surface waters agree well with previously published values. Exchange fluxes derived from the isotopic Nd mass balance indicate higher Nd scavenging in surface compared to intermediate waters.
Published: 2020
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6. Rare earth elements and Nd isotopes as tracers of modern ocean circulation in the central Mediterranean Sea

Author: Fabrizio Lirer, Leopoldo D. Pena, Eduardo Paredes, Isabel Cacho, José N. Pérez-Asensio, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Lucía Quirós-Collazos, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Biogeochemical cycle, Water mass, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Isòtops, Flux, Aquatic Science, Water mass structure, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Water column, Isotopes, Nd isotopes, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Rare earth elements, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mediterrània (Mar), 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean current, Geology, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, neodymium isotopes, Seawater, deep-water
Abstract: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, supplementary material https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102340, Seawater rare earth element (REE) concentrations and Nd isotopic composition (εNd) are increasingly applied as valuable tracers of oceanographic processes such as water mass mixing and lithogenic inputs to seawater. However, their measurements are basically lacking in the Mediterranean Sea water column. This study analyzes 9 seawater stations around the central Mediterranean Sea to clarify the relative importance of external sources, vertical (biogeochemical) processes and lateral water mass transport in controlling REE and εNd distributions. Concentrations of REE do not show nutrient-like profiles with depth, likely indicative of relatively young waters with limited accumulation of remineralized REE. Light REE (LREE) present a non-conservative behavior, which largely peak at surface waters and rapidly decrease with depth. The negative correlation of surface LREE enrichment with offshore distance highlights the influence of continental input from the western Italian coast to the Tyrrhenian surface waters. In contrast to other regions with reported boundary exchange, this process does not modify the εNd values here. On the other side, distributions of dissolved heavy REE (HREE) and εNd display a conservative behavior that can be explained by mixing of western- (MAW and WMDW) and eastern- (LIW and EMDW) originated waters. We test this hypothesis with an Optimum Multi-Parameter Analysis (OMPA) including HREE and εNd parameters. Even though the limited data set, consistent results of water mass fractions are obtained for the four main water masses although with some particularities. While LIW takes on major importance when considering HREE in the model, EMDW fractions are preferentially detected with εNd. This latter finding implies a noticeable deep water flux across the Sicily Strait into the Western Mediterranean that was not clearly evidenced before, This research has been financially supported by the TIMED Project funded by the European Commission (ERC Consolidator Grant to I. Cacho; ID: 683237). The authors thank financial support from the CHIMERA Project (CTM2016-75411-R), Generalitat de Catalunya-Grups de Recerca Consolidats (2017 SGR 315) and the Project of Strategic Interest NextData PNR 2011-2013 (www.nextdataproject.it). [...]. E. Garcia-Solsona acknowledges support from a post-doctoral fellowship (FPDI-2013-15660) and L.D. Pena from the Ramón y Cajal program (MINECO, Spain). I. Cacho thanks the ICREA-Academia programme from the Generalitat de Catalunya. J.N. Pérez-Asensio has been funded by a Beatriu de Pinós postdoctoral fellowship from AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya) and the European Commission (Marie Curie-COFUND), With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)
Published: 2020

7. Thorium isotopes in the Southeast Atlantic Ocean: Tracking scavenging during water mass mixing along neutral density surfaces

Author: Lorna Foliot, Louise Bordier, François Lacan, Sophie Ayrault, Matthieu Roy-Barman, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Catherine Pradoux, Catherine Jeandel, François Thil, Arnaud Dapoigny, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochimie Des Impacts (GEDI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Water mass, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Thorium isotopes, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, Atmospheric sciences, Isopycnal mixing, 01 natural sciences, Eddy diffusion, Continental margin, Settling, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, 14. Life underwater, Southern Ocean, Scavenging, marine particles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Isopycnal, isopycnal mixing, thorium isotopes, Southern ocean, Marine particles, 13. Climate action, Atlantic, Upwelling, Isotopes of thorium, Geology
Abstract: International audience; The distributions of dissolved and particulate thorium isotopes (230 Th and 232 Th) were established in samples from the BONUS GoodHope (BGH) IPY-GEOTRACES cruise in the SE Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (36°S-13°E to 57°S-0°, Feb.-Mar. 2008). The distribution of total (dissolved+particulate) 232 Th is dominated by the inputs from continental margins. The non-linear profiles of dissolved 230 Th are interpreted as due to the southward upwelling of the isopycnal surfaces. However, total 230 Th and 232 Th versus salinity plots illustrate departures from binary mixing and provides evidence for non-conservative behavior of both isotopes along the section. We propose a model for total 230 Th and 232 Th scavenging and mixing along isopycnal surfaces. We use this model to estimate particle settling speeds and isopycnal eddy diffusion coefficients along the BGH section. Data-model comparison suggests particle settling velocities in the range of 400-700 m/y and isopycnal eddy diffusivity of the order of 2000 m 2 /s.
Published: 2019
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8. Differentiating lithogenic supplies, water mass transport, and biological processes On and Off the Kerguelen Plateau using rare earth element concentrations and neodymium isotopic compositions

Author: Thomas W. Trull, Marc Souhaut, Nolwenn Lemaitre, François Lacan, Mélanie Grenier, Philippe Nonnotte, Pieter van Beek, Vincent Bouvier, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Catherine Jeandel, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSIRO Marine and Atmosphere Research [Hobart], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-BLAN-0614,KEOPS 2,Kerguelen : Comparaison plateau Ocean2(2010), European Project: 657853,H2020,H2020-MSCA-IF-2014,GCP-GEOTARCTIC(2015), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, Geotraces, Geochemistry, Ocean Engineering, rare earth elements, Aquatic Science, Biogenic silica, lithogenic, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, fractionation, Southern Ocean, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Polar front, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, geography, Radiogenic nuclide, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rare-earth element, Kerguelen Islands, ACL, Spring bloom, 6. Clean water, GEOTRACES, 13. Climate action, Flood basalt, anomalies, lcsh:Q, biologic, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Geology
Abstract: Distributions of dissolved rare earth element (REE) concentrations and neodymium isotopic compositions (expressed as epsilon(Nd)) of seawater over and off the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean are presented. The sampling took place during the austral spring bloom in October-November 2011 (KEOPS2 project, GEOTRACES process study) and aimed to further the investigations of the KEOPS1 austral summer study in terms of sources and transport of lithogenic material, and to investigate the impact of local biogeochemical cycles on the REE distributions. The REE signature of the coastal eastern Kerguelen Islands waters was characterized by negative europium anomalies (Eu/Eu*) and negative epsilon(Nd) in filtered samples. By contrast, the unfiltered sample showed a positive Eu/Eu* and more radiogenic epsilon(Nd). These distinct signatures could reflect either differential dissolution of the local flood basalt minerals or differential leaching of local trachyte veins. The dissolved Kerguelen coastal REE patterns differ from those observed close to Heard Island, these latter featuring a positive Eu/Eu* and a less radiogenic epsilon(Nd)(Zhang et al., 2008). These differences enabled us to trace the transport of waters (tagged by the Kerguelen REE signature) 200 km downstream from the coastal area, north of the Polar Front. Northward transport of the central Plateau shallow waters, enriched by both local vertical supplies and lateral advection of inputs from Heard Island, was also evident. However, the transport of Kerguelen inputs southeastward across the Polar Front could not be discerned (possibly as a result of rapid dilution or scavenging of REE signatures), although evidence for such transport was found previously using Ra isotopes (Sanial et al., 2015). Comparison of the REE patterns at stations sampled prior, during and at the demise of the bloom revealed diverse fractionations, including production of significant lanthanum and europium anomalies, which are tentatively ascribed to chemical reactions with various inorganic and biogenic phases, including surface coatings, barite crystals, and biogenic silica.
Published: 2018
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9. The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017

Author: Thomas J. Browning, Hans-Jürgen Brumsack, Katharina Pahnke, Saeed Roshan, Stephanie Owens, Rosie Chance, Peter Croot, Steven van Heuven, Alison E. Hartman, Mercedes López-Lora, Pu Zhang, Heather A. Bouman, Géraldine Sarthou, François Lacan, Robyn E. Tuerena, José Marcus Godoy, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Steven L. Goldstein, Hans A. Slagter, Celia Venchiarutti, A. Russell Flegal, Emily Townsend, Ralph Till, Christopher T. Hayes, Melanie Gault-Ringold, Ros Watson, Peter N. Sedwick, Chandranath Basak, Bronwyn Wake, Loes J. A. Gerringa, Noriko Nakayama, Lars-Eric Heimbürger, Paul J. Morris, François Fripiat, Paul B. Henderson, Chris J. Daniels, Catherine Jeandel, Helen M. Snaith, Patrizia Ziveri, Toshitaka Gamo, Yanbin Lu, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld, Yingzhe Wu, Andreas Wisotzki, Hajime Obata, Cynthia Dumousseaud, Ashley T. Townsend, Sebastian Mieruch, Donna Cockwell, Laurent Bopp, Elena Masferrer Dodas, Bernhard Schnetger, J. K. Klar, Sunil K. Singh, Joaquin E. Chaves, Kuo-Fang Huang, Louise A. Zimmer, Laura F. Robinson, Michiel M Rutgers van der Loeff, Corey Archer, Feifei Deng, Karen Grissom, Robert Rember, Nicholas J. Hawco, Jingfeng Wu, Robert M. Sherrell, Rachel U. Shelley, Jan-Lukas Menzel Barraqueta, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Fanny Chever, Yuichiro Kumamoto, Hélène Planquette, Dorothea Bauch, Frank Dehairs, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Akira Nishiuchi, Paul D. Quay, Sanjin Mehic, Zichen Xue, Maxi Castrillejo, Brian Peters, Michael J. Ellwood, Stephen R. Rintoul, Tobias Roeske, Jing Zhang, Gretchen J. Swarr, Peng Ho, Ken O. Buesseler, Gwenaelle Moncoiffe, Martin Frank, Maureen E. Auro, Abby Bull, David Kadko, Montserrat Roca-Martí, Maeve C. Lohan, Roulin Khondoker, Patricia Cámara Mor, Melissa Gilbert, Sebastian M. Vivancos, Erin E. Black, Santiago R. Gonzalez, Gideon M. Henderson, David J. Janssen, Sylvain Rigaud, Amandine Radic, Maxence Paul, Cyril Abadie, Ana Aguliar-Islas, Seth G. John, Marie Boye, Evgenia Ryabenko, Abigail E. Noble, Luke Bridgestock, Brian Duggan, Hisayuki Yoshikawa, Jun Nishioka, Kathrin Wuttig, Pieter van Beek, Jana Friedrich, Thomas M. Church, Maija Heller, Stephen J.G. Galer, Pier van der Merwe, Claire P. Till, Xin Yuan Zheng, Henning Fröllje, John Niedermiller, Howie D. Scher, Johnny Stutsman, Patricia Zunino, Christel S. Hassler, Ye Zhao, Tim M. Conway, William M. Landing, Yang Xiang, Katrin Bluhm, Maria T. Maldonado, Elena Chamizo, Sabrina Speich, Claudine H. Stirling, Guillaume Brissebrat, Matthew A. Charette, Jeremy E. Jacquot, Yu-Te Hsieh, Pinghe Cai, Ivia Closset, Yoshiki Sohrin, Ejin George, Jong-Mi Lee, Leopoldo D. Pena, Edward Mawji, Damien Cardinal, Catherine Pradoux, Martin Q. Fleisher, Virginie Sanial, Derek Vance, Craig A. Carlson, Pere Masqué, Katlin L. Bowman, Evaline M. van Weerlee, Oliver Baars, Ruifang C. Xie, María Villa-Alfageme, Hein J W de Baar, M. Alexandra Weigand, Tina van de Flierdt, J. Bown, Timothy C. Kenna, Kenneth W. Bruland, Jeroen E. Sonke, Hai Cheng, Mark J. Warner, Sven Ober, Rob Middag, Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, Emilie Le Roy, Yishai Weinstein, Nicholas R. Bates, Joerg Rickli, Daniel M. Sigman, Hendrik M. van Aken, Angela Milne, Cheryl M. Zurbrick, Gregory A. Cutter, Igor Semiletov, Marie Labatut, Torben Stichel, Pascale Lherminier, Gabriel Dulaquais, Jay T. Cullen, Christopher I. Measures, Mark Rosenberg, Tomoharu Minami, Mariko Hatta, Alexander L. Thomas, Gonzalo Carrasco, Karel Bakker, Clifton S. Buck, Maarten B Klunder, Willard S. Moore, Reiner Schlitzer, Tomas A. Remenyi, Susan H. Little, Eberhard Fahrbach, Charles R. McClain, Edward A. Boyle, Ursula Schauer, Linjie Zheng, Alex R. Baker, Emma Slater, Kay Thorne, Patrick Laan, Christina Schallenberg, Reiner Steinfeldt, Benjamin S. Twining, Yolanda Echegoyen-Sanz, Neil J. Wyatt, Alison M. Agather, Viena Puigcorbé, Peter Scott, Gillian Stewart, Matthew P. Humphreys, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Phoebe J. Lam, Núria Casacuberta, Josh Helgoe, Edward C.V. Butler, Mark Rehkämper, Elizabeth M. Jones, Karen L. Casciotti, James W. Moffett, Tristan J. Horner, Sue Velazquez, Yuzuru Nakaguchi, Micha J.A. Rijkenberg, Antje H L Voelker, Joseph A. Resing, Lesley Salt, Eric P. Achterberg, Sven Kretschmer, Jan van Ooijen, Dominik J. Weiss, Moritz Zieringer, Carl H. Lamborg, Rick Kayser, Pierre Branellec, John M. Rolison, Sara Rauschenberg, Walter Geibert, Raja S. Ganeshram, Myriam Lambelet, Janice L. Jones, Chad R. Hammerschmidt, William J. Jenkins, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Alessandro Tagliabue, Philip W. Boyd, Alan M. Shiller, Marcus Christl, Mark Baskaran, Mak A. Saito, Huong Thi Dieu, Morten B. Andersen, Kenji Isshiki, Taejin Kim, Christian Schlosser, Melanie K. Behrens, Albert S. Colman, Frédéric Planchon, Bettina Sohst, Andrew R. Bowie, Mark A. Brzezinski, R. Lawrence Edwards, Kristen N. Buck, Jeanette O'Sullivan, William M. Smethie, Wafa Abouchami, Valentí Rodellas, Ed C Hathorne, Robert F. Anderson, James H. Swift, Frank J. Pavia, Daniel Cossa, Lauren Kipp, Peter L. Morton, Fabien Quéroué, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Centre for Automotive Safety Research, University of Adelaide, University of California, National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Toyama, Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Department of Geology, Wayne State University [Detroit], The Bartlett, University College of London [London] (UCL), Institute for Environmental Research, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cycles biogéochimiques marins : processus et perturbations (CYBIOM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Research on Learning, Services communs OMP - UMS 831 (UMS 831), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Marine Science Institute [Santa Barbara] (MSI), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Nantes (IFREMER Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad de Dakota del Sur, Analytical, Environmental and Geo- Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), Wright State University, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam], Institute of Global Environmental Change [China] (IGEC), Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Science, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), School of Information Technology [Kharagpur], Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, The University of Tokyo, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO), University of Washington [Seattle], Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Détection, évaluation, gestion des risques CHROniques et éMErgents (CHROME) / Université de Nîmes (CHROME), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Knowledge Media Institute (KMI), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Bermuda Biological Station for Research (BBSR), Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Géochimie des Isotopes Stables (GIS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Queens New York], Queens College [New York], City University of New York [New York] (CUNY)-City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), SOEST, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Department of Earth Science and Technology [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami [Coral Gables], Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList), RITE, Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Agricultural Information Institute (AII), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Department of Mathematics [Shanghai], Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Institute of Environmental Science and Technology [Barcelona] (ICTA), University of California (UC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Oxford, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Southern California (USC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Services communs OMP (UMS 831), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC), Institute of Low Temperature Science [Sapporo], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology [ETH Zürich], Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment [Newark] (CEOE), University of Delaware [Newark], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), Kyoto University, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Academia Sinica, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Danish Technological Institute (DTI), Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) from the U.S. National Science Foundation [OCE-0608600, OCE-0938349, OCE-1243377, OCE-1546580], UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Ministry of Earth Science of India, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, l'Universite Paul Sabatier de Toulouse, Observatoire Midi-Pyrenees Toulouse, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Kiel Excellence Cluster The Future Ocean, Swedish Museum of Natural History, University of Tokyo, University of British Columbia, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, GEOMAR-Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Alfred Wegener Institute, Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research, National Science Foundation (US), Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Ministry of Earth Sciences (India), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (France), Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Germany), Schlitzer, Reiner [0000-0002-3740-6499], Masferrer Dodas, Elena [0000-0003-0879-1954], Chamizo, Elena [0000-0001-8266-6129], Christl, M. [0000-0002-3131-6652], Masqué, Pere [0000-0002-1789-320X], Villa-Alfageme, María [0000-0001-7157-8588], Universitat de Barcelona, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Leverhulme Trust, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Carrasco Rebaza, Gonzalo, Echegoyen Sanz, Yolanda, Kayser, Richard A, Isotope Research, Ocean Ecosystems, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Hassler, Christel, Schlitzer, Reiner, Masferrer Dodas, Elena, Chamizo, Elena, Christl, M., Masqué, Pere, and Villa-Alfageme, María
Subjects: Geochemistry & Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Isòtops, sub-01, Geotraces, MODELS, Digital data, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, IDP2017, Isotopes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Oceans, Electronic atlas, ddc:550, 0402 Geochemistry, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, NetCDF, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Trace elements, Science & Technology, Information retrieval, ACL, Geology, computer.file_format, Ocean Data View, Metadata, Data processing, GEOTRACES, 0403 Geology, Data extraction, 13. Climate action, Data quality, Physical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, computer, Processament de dades, Trace elements Isotopes
Abstract: The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The IDP2017 includes data from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern and Indian oceans, with about twice the data volume of the previous IDP2014. For the first time, the IDP2017 contains data for a large suite of biogeochemical parameters as well as aerosol and rain data characterising atmospheric trace element and isotope (TEI) sources. The TEI data in the IDP2017 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at crossover stations. The IDP2017 consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 450 TEIs as well as standard hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing an on-line atlas that includes more than 590 section plots and 130 animated 3D scenes. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. Users can download the full data packages or make their own custom selections with a new on-line data extraction service. In addition to the actual data values, the IDP2017 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering and for statistical analysis. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2017 as section plots and rotating 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes combine data from many cruises and provide quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. These 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of tracer plumes near ocean margins or along ridges. The IDP2017 is the result of a truly international effort involving 326 researchers from 25 countries. This publication provides the critical reference for unpublished data, as well as for studies that make use of a large cross-section of data from the IDP2017. This article is part of a special issue entitled: Conway GEOTRACES - edited by Tim M. Conway, Tristan Horner, Yves Plancherel, and Aridane G. González., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE-0608600), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE0938349), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE-1243377), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant OCE-1546580)
Published: 2018
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10. Assessing the role of submarine groundwater discharge as a source of Sr to the Mediterranean Sea

Author: Pere Masqué, Per Andersson, Giada Trezzi, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Valentí Rodellas, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mediterranean sea, Geochemistry and Petrology, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geokemi, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, Oceanography, Deposition (aerosol physics), Geochemistry, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Carbonate, Seawater, Geology, Groundwater
Abstract: International audience; Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has been identified as an important source of Sr to the ocean and the SGD-driven Sr flux to the global ocean has been recently re-evaluated (Beck et al., 2013). However, the uncertainty of this value is still high because of the uncertainties related to the determination of SGD flow rates and the paucity of (Sr/Sr)-Sr-87-Sr-86 data in SGD end-members. As carbonates have high Sr concentrations and are subjected to intense heightened weathering, they might significantly influence the SGD input of Sr to the ocean. Here we present data on Sr concentrations and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios in three carbonate dominated sites of the western area of the Mediterranean Sea, a semi-enclosed basin characterized by abundant coastal carbonates. The Sr-87/(86) Sr ratios in groundwater were lower compared to modern seawater (similar to 0.70916), as expected for areas dominated by carbonate lithologies. Concentrations of Sr and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios in groundwater showed conservative mixing in the studied subterranean estuaries. By using SGD flow rates reported in the literature for the study areas, a flow-weighted fresh SGD end-member characterized by a Sr concentration of 27-30 mu M and a Sr-87/Sr-86 ratio of 0.707834-0.708020 was calculated for the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. Integrating these Sr data with literature data (i.e. values of Sr concentration and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratio from other lithologies as well as SGD flow rates), we also calculated the fresh SGD-driven Sr flux to the entire Mediterranean Sea, obtaining a value of (0.34-0.83) . 10(9) mol y(-1), with a Sr-87/Sr-86 of 0.7081-0.7086. Thus, for the entire Mediterranean basin, SGD is globally a source of Sr less radiogenic compared to seawater. The SGD Sr flux to the Mediterranean Sea represents 5-6% of the SGD Sr flux to the global ocean and the Mediterranean SGD end-member has higher Sr concentration (5-12 mu M) than the global SGD end-member (2.9 mu M). This confirms the significant role of carbonate lithologies on SGD-driven Sr fluxes to seawater. The fresh SGD-driven Sr flux to the Mediterranean Sea is about 20-50% of the riverine Sr input and significantly higher than the input through atmospheric dust deposition. Therefore SGD should be considered as an important continental source of Sr to the basin. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2017
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11. Using radium isotopes to characterize water ages and coastal mixing rates: A sensitivity analysis

Author: Alexandria B. Boehm, Karen L. Knee, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Adina Paytan, and Jordi Garcia-Orellana
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, Water mass, Coefficient of determination, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Isotope, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean Engineering, Soil science, Replicate, 01 natural sciences, Submarine groundwater discharge, Eddy diffusion, 13. Climate action, 14. Life underwater, Diffusion (business), Geology, Groundwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Numerous studies have used naturally occurring Ra isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra, with half-lives of 11.4 d, 3.7 d, 1600 y, and 5.8 y, respectively) to quantify water mass ages, coastal ocean mixing rates, and submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Using Monte Carlo models, this study investigated how uncertainties in Ra isotope activities and the derived activity ratios (AR) arising from analytical uncertainty and natural variability affect the uncertainty associated with Ra-derived water ages and eddy diffusion coefficients, both of which can be used to calculate SGD. Analytical uncertainties associated with 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra activities were reported in most published studies to be less than 10% of sample activity; those reported for 223Ra ranged from 7% to 40%. Relative uncertainty related to natural variability — estimated from the variability in 223Ra and 224Ra activities of replicate field samples — ranged from 15% to 50% and was similar for 223Ra activity, 224Ra activity, and the 224Ra/223Ra AR. Our analysis revealed that AR-based water ages shorter than 3–5 d often have relative uncertainties greater than 100%, potentially limiting their utility. Uncertainties in eddy diffusion coefficients estimated based on cross-shore gradients in short-lived Ra isotope activity were greater when fewer points were used to determine the linear trend, when the coefficient of determination (R2) was low, and when 224Ra, rather than 223Ra, was used. By exploring the uncertainties associated with Ra-derived water ages and eddy diffusion coefficients, this study will enable researchers to apply these methods more effectively and to reduce uncertainty.
Published: 2011
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12. Investigation of residence time and groundwater flux in Venice Lagoon: comparing radium isotope and hydrodynamical models

Author: Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Pere Masqué, Luca Zaggia, Willard S. Moore, Ester Garcia-Solsona, John Rapaglia, Christian Ferrarin, and Georg Umgiesser
Subjects: Time Factors, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Radium, Residence Characteristics, Water Supply, Water Movements, Environmental Chemistry, Computer Simulation, Water Pollutants, Cities, Waste Management and Disposal, Ships, Hydrology, Radionuclide, Geography, Isotopes of radium, General Medicine, Pollution, Submarine groundwater discharge, Italy, Models, Chemical, chemistry, Environmental science, Seawater, Surface water, Algorithms, Groundwater, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: The four naturally-occurring isotopes of radium were coupled with a previously evaluated hydrodynamic model to determine the apparent age of surface waters and to quantify submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into the Venice Lagoon, Italy. Mean apparent age of water in the Venice Lagoon was calculated using the ratio of 224Ra to 228Ra determined from 30 monitoring stations and a mean pore water end member. Average apparent age was calculated to be 6.0 d using Ra ratios. This calculated age was very similar to average residence time calculated for the same period using a hydrodynamic model (5.8 d). A mass balance of Ra was accomplished by quantifying each of the sources and sinks of Ra in the lagoon, with the unknown variable being attributed to SGD. Total SGD were calculated to be 4.1 +/- 1.5, 3.8 +/- 0.7, 3.0 +/- 1.3, and 3.5 +/- 1.0 x 10(10) L d(-1) for (223,224,226, 228)Ra, respectively, which are an order of magnitude larger than total mean fluvial discharge into the Venice Lagoon (3.1 x 10(9) L d(-1)). The SGD as a source of nutrients in the Venice Lagoon is also discussed and, though significant to the nutrient budget, is likely to be less important as the dominant control on SGD is recirculated seawater rather than freshwater.
Published: 2010
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13. Submarine groundwater discharge: A significant source of dissolved trace metals to the North Western Mediterranean Sea

Author: Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, Giada Trezzi, Pere Masqué, Valentí Rodellas, Juan Santos-Echeandía, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS )
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, trace metals, metals, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Atmospheric deposition, 010501 environmental sciences, Structural basin, Regional area, Oceanography, chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Mediterranean sea, Trace metals, Rivers, Mediterranean Sea, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Micronutrients, Medio Marino, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Coastal sea, Hydrology, Dissolved trace metals, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, area, General Chemistry, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, 13. Climate action, chemical oceanography, Geology, Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)
Abstract: Bioactive trace metals play a significant role as micronutrients in the ocean and therefore it is important to evaluate their sources. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has been recognized as an input of trace metals to the coastal sea. Here, we investigated the significance of SGD as a source of dissolved trace metals (dTM) to the coastal sea in a regional area such as the North Western (NW) Mediterranean Sea. We analysed dTM concentrations in SGD end-members and incorporate data on SGD dTM concentrations and water flows reported in previous studies carried out in this area, to estimate the following ranges of SGD-driven dTM fluxes (in 10 mol y): Cd: 0.0007–0.03, Co: 0.004–0.11, Cu: 0.09–1.9, Fe: 1.8–29, Ni: 0.09–1.9, Pb: 0.002–0.06, Zn: 0.38–12. These fluxes were compared to dTM fluxes from riverine discharge and atmospheric deposition, demonstrating that SGD is a major source of dTM to the NW Mediterranean Sea. Whilst riverine inputs are limited to the surrounding of river mouths and atmospheric fluxes are distributed throughout the whole basin mainly during sporadic depositional events, SGD represents a permanent, albeit seasonally variable, source of metals to most of the coastal areas. SGD-driven dTM inputs may be even more significant, in relative terms, in other coastal regions of the Mediterranean Sea where rivers are scarce, as it is the case of the African coast and many islands. This study highlights the relevance of SGD as a source of dTM to the Mediterranean Sea and the need of its consideration in the calculation of metal budgets in the basin and in the investigation of biogeochemical cycles in coastal areas., This project has been partially funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme through the MetTrans Initial Training Network, Marie Curie Actions, which also provide financial support through a PhD fellowship to G.T. (EU FP7-People-2011-ITN-290336). Support provided by the Generalitat de Catalunya to MERS (2014 SGR – 1356) is also acknowledged. V.R. acknowledges financial support from the European Union's FP7 (Marie Curie Actions PCOFUND-GA-2013-609102), through the PRESTIGE programme coordinated by Campus France. The Spanish Government (MINECO) is acknowledged for support to E.G-S through a post-doctoral grant (FPDI-2013-15660) and support of ECOALFACS project (CTM2009-09581) to the ICM-CSIC. This research is also a contribution to the ANR @RAction chair (ANR-14-ACHN-0007-01) and Labex OT-Med (ANR-11-LABEX-0061) funded by the “Investissements d'Avenir” program through the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) of the French National Research Agency (ANR).
Published: 2016
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14. The influence of a metal-enriched mining waste deposit on submarine groundwater discharge to the coastal sea

Author: Pere Masqué, Gregorio Garcia-Fernandez, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Giada Trezzi, Valentí Rodellas, Juan Santos-Echeandía, Department of Oceanography, Marine Reseach Institute (CSIC), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, University of Western Australia, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Radium isotopes, 010501 environmental sciences, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, 14. Life underwater, Medio Marino, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Mine tailings, Shore, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Lead (sea ice), General Chemistry, Tailings, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, Zinc, Lead, Metals, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Seawater, Bay, Groundwater, Geology, Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)
Abstract: 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was investigated at El Gorguel Bay (Cartagena-La Unión Pb–Zn mining district, Murcia, Spain), a Mediterranean region where mine tailings have been accumulated for decades at the shoreline. At this site, groundwater may become enriched in metals prior to discharge to the coastal sea and may lead to significant releases that can contaminate the coastal environment. The distribution of dissolved metals and Ra isotopes were studied in seawater and groundwater samples collected during the summer season in 2013. Cross-shore gradients of 224Ra in the bay allowed the calculation of a SGD flow of (39 ± 14) 103 m3 day−1. SGD-driven metal fluxes were 47–180 mol day−1 km− 1 for Zn, 0.20–0.60 mol day− 1 km− 1 for Pb, 4–32 mol day− 1 km− 1 for Fe, 0.8–2.3 mol day− 1 km− 1 for Cu and 0.9–2.8 mol day− 1 km− 1 for Ni. Compared to other coastal zones not affected by mining activities, SGD-driven metal fluxes were especially significant for dissolved Zn and Pb. The magnitude of these SGD-driven metal fluxes indicates that SGD is a relevant pathway in delivering metals to the coastal environment at El Gorguel Bay. This fact highlights the importance of investigating the role of SGD as a possible source of contamination to the sea in mining districts located in the proximity of the coast., This project has been partially funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme, Marie Curie Actions, through the MetTrans Initial Training Network, which also provide financial support through a PhD fellowship to G.T. (EU FP7-People-2011-ITN-290336). The research has been funded partially also by the Spanish Government project NUREIEV (CTM2013-44598-R). Support from the CSIC, under the program JAE-Doc (Junta para la Ampliación de Estudios) co-funded by the Fondo Social Europeo (FSE) is acknowledged for the post-doctoral fellowship (JAEDOC038) to J.S.-E. V.R. was supported through a Ph.D. fellowship (AP2008-03044) from the Spanish Government. A Beatriu de Pinós Postdoctoral fellowship from the Generalitat de Catalunya (2011BP-B00225) and a post-doctoral grant (FPDI-2013-15660) from the Spanish Government to E.G.-S. are also acknowledged. P.M. was supported in part by a Gledden Visiting Fellowship awarded by the Institute of Advanced Studies at The University of Western Australia. The support of the Generalitat de Catalunya to MERS (2014 SGR — 1356) is also acknowledged.
Published: 2016
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15. The geotraces intermediate data product 2014

Author: Edward Mawji, Andrew R. Bowie, François Lacan, Kenneth W. Bruland, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld, Laura F. Robinson, Martin Frank, Kuo-Fang Huang, Louise A. Zimmer, Loes J. A. Gerringa, Tobias Roeske, Jingfeng Wu, Célia Venchiarutti, Yanbin Lu, Géraldine Sarthou, Reiner Schlitzer, Tomas A. Remenyi, Yuichiro Kumamoto, Hein J W de Baar, Santiago R. Gonzalez, Mark J. Warner, Mak A. Saito, Peter N. Sedwick, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Evgenia Ryabenko, Emilie Grossteffan, Moritz Zieringer, William J. Jenkins, Gregory F. de Souza, Pinghe Cai, Martin Q. Fleisher, Johnny Stutsman, Yolanda Echegoyen-Sanz, Alessandro Tagliabue, Delphine Lannuzel, Mark Rehkämper, Abigail E. Noble, A. Radic, Lijuan Sha, Micha J. A. Rijkenberg, Mark A. Brzezinski, François Fripiat, Nicholas R. Bates, Toshitaka Gamo, Hisayuki Yoshikawa, Maija Heller, Alan M. Shiller, William M. Smethie, Joaquin E. Chaves, Elena Masferrer Dodas, Torben Stichel, Mark Rosenberg, Hai Cheng, Alicia Navidad, Patrick Laan, Peter Scott, Mark Baskaran, Stephen J.G. Galer, Frédéric Planchon, Jan van Ooijen, Huong Thi Dieu, Steven van Heuven, Feifei Deng, José Marcus Godoy, Catherine Jeandel, Xin Yuan Zheng, Frank Dehairs, Stephen R. Rintoul, Wafa Abouchami, R. Lawrence Edwards, Gideon M. Henderson, Eberhard Fahrbach, Yoshiki Sohrin, Tim M. Conway, Bronwyn Wake, Urumu Tsunogai, Evaline van Weerlee, Maeve C. Lohan, Katrin Bluhm, Robert F. Anderson, Eva Bucciarelli, Ken O. Buesseler, Marie Labatut, Peter Croot, Jana Friedrich, Christopher T. Hayes, Hendrik M. van Aken, James H. Swift, Seth G. John, Sven Kretschmer, Zichen Xue, Karel Bakker, Albert S. Colman, Pierre Branellec, Timothy C. Kenna, Benjamin S. Twining, Marie Boye, Alexander L. Thomas, Karen L. Casciotti, Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, Sabrina Speich, Jun Nishioka, Thomas M. Church, Mariko Hatta, Pere Masqué, Damien Cardinal, Charles R. McClain, Oliver Baars, Frederique le Moigne, Geoffrey J. Smith, Daniel M. Sigman, Edward A. Boyle, Ursula Schauer, Stephanie Owens, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, Maarten B Klunder, Lesley Salt, Gregory A. Cutter, Christopher I. Measures, Hajime Obata, Catherine Pradoux, Ester Garcia Solsona, James W. Moffett, Antje H L Voelker, Gabriel Dulaquais, Paul D. Quay, Saeed Roshan, Rob Middag, Johann Bown, Neil J. Wyatt, Phoebe J. Lam, Edward C.V. Butler, Michiel M Rutgers van der Loeff, Fanny Chever, Cyril Abadie, Viena Puigcorbé, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, Institute for Environmental Research, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), University of California, Marine Science Institute [Santa Barbara] (MSI), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (MEL), Xiamen University, Biogéochimie-Traceurs-Paléoclimat (BTP), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Institute of Global Environmental Change [China] (IGEC), Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Department of Earth Sciences [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Bonn University Hospital, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment [Newark] (CEOE), University of Delaware [Newark], University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences [Columbia], University of South Carolina [Columbia], Old Dominion University [Norfolk] (ODU), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC), National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Universidad de Dakota del Sur, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Mathematics and Science, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), GEOMAR LEGOS, Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Oceans Institute and School of Physics, The University of Western Australia (UWA), School of Natural Sciences and Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY-EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY, Department of Chemistry [Dunedin], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Bermuda Biological Station for Research (BBSR), Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SOEST, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), FM-GEOMAR, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences at the University of Kiel, Department of Earth Ocean and Ecological Sciences [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Department of Biology, Tufts University [Medford], RITE, Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Analytical, Environmental and Geo- Chemistry, Chemistry, Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Earth System Sciences, Analytical, Environmental & Geo-Chemistry, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), The University of Tokyo, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of California (UC), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University Hospital Bonn, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), University of Sussex, Kyoto University, Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Boyle, Edward A, Fitzsimmons, Jessica Nicole, Echegoyen Sanz, Yolanda, Ocean Ecosystems, and Isotope Research
Subjects: Chemistry, Multidisciplinary, Geotraces, Digital data, trace elements, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Biology, Oceanography, ASCII, Isotopes, 0399 Other Chemical Sciences, Electronic atlas, GEOTRACES, Trace elements, 0402 Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Bathymetry, 0405 Oceanography, 14. Life underwater, isotopes, Water Science and Technology, Stable isotopes, NetCDF, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Science & Technology, Information retrieval, ACL, General Chemistry, computer.file_format, Seawater samples, Ocean Data View, Metadata, Marine Sciences, Chemistry, electronic atlas, 13. Climate action, Data quality, Physical Sciences, geotraces, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, computer
Abstract: The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014) is the first publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2013. It consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 200 trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classical hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing a strongly inter-linked on-line atlas including more than 300 section plots and 90 animated 3D scenes. The IDP2014 covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, exhibiting highest data density in the Atlantic. The TEI data in the IDP2014 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at cross-over stations. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII spreadsheet, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. In addition to the actual data values the IDP2014 also contains data quality flags and 1-σ data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked to the data in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2014 data providing section plots and a new kind of animated 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes allow for viewing of data from many cruises at the same time, thereby providing quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. In addition, the 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of observed tracer plumes, as well as for making inferences about controlling processes., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (OCE-0608600), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (OCE-0938349), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (OCE-1243377)
Published: 2015
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16. Contribution of Groundwater Discharge to the Coastal Dissolved Nutrients and Trace Metal Concentrations in Majorca Island: Karstic vs Detrital Systems

Author: Antoni Jordi, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Gotzon Basterretxea, Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, José María López, Valentí Rodellas, David Sánchez-Quiles, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Pere Masqué, Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Chlorophyll, Salinity, Aquifer, discharge, Environmental Chemistry, Groundwater discharge, Trace metal, 14. Life underwater, Groundwater, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, phosphate, Islands, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geography, Brackish water, Chlorophyll A, Data Collection, Trace element, nutrient cycling, General Chemistry, Concentration (composition), trace metal, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, dissolved load, shoreline, nearshore environment, hydrogeology, Metals, Spain, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, oxide, Dissolved load, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Geology, Radium, nitrogen compound
Abstract: © 2014 American Chemical Society. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and derived nutrient (NO2 -, NO3 -, NH4 +, PO4 3-, and SiO2) and trace element (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) loadings to the coastal sea were systematically assessed along the coast of Majorca Island, Spain, in a general survey around the island and in three representative coves during 2010. We estimated that brackish water discharges through the shoreline are important contributors to the DIN, SiO2, Fe, and Zn budgets of the nearshore waters. Furthermore, our results showed that SGD-derived elements are conditioned by the hydrogeological formations of the aquifer and discharge type. Thus, while rapid discharges through karstic conduits are enriched in SiO2 and Zn, the large detrital aquifers of the island typically present enhanced concentrations of Fe. The estimated total annual inputs of chemicals constituents discharged by SGD to the coastal waters were as follows: DIN: 610 × 103 kg yr-1, SiO2: 1400 × 103 kg yr-1, Fe: 3.2 × 103 kg yr-1, and Zn: 2.0 × 103 kg yr-1. Our results provide evidence that SGD is a major contributor to the dissolved pool of inorganic nutrients and trace metals in the nearshore waters of Majorca., This research has been funded by the Spanish Government projects EDASE (ref CGL2008-00047/BTE) and GRADIENTS (CTM2012-39476-C02-01). D.S.-Q. was supported by the JAE-predoc program of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). V.R. was supported through a Ph.D. fellowship (AP2008-03044) from MICINN (Spain). P.M. was partially supported by the ICREA Academia prize, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya. Authors want to thank the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya to MERS (2014 SGR − 1356).
Published: 2014
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17. Submarine groundwater discharge as a source of nutrients and trace metals in a Mediterranean bay (Palma Beach, Balearic Islands)

Author: Ester Garcia-Solsona, Gotzon Basterretxea, José María López-García, Pere Masqué, David Sánchez-Quiles, Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Valentí Rodellas, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Generalitat de Catalunya, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Subjects: Nitrogen, Iron, Radium isotopes, Aquifer, Mediterranean, Oceanography, Phytoplankton, Environmental Chemistry, Groundwater discharge, Trace metal, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Piezometer, Phosphorus, General Chemistry, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD), 13. Climate action, Metals, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Seawater, Bay, Geology, Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)
Abstract: Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) from a detrital coastal aquifer into the adjacent marine environment was investigated in a Mediterranean bay (Palma Beach, Balearic Islands). In this region, agriculture and tourism are potential sources of groundwater contamination. A survey in the Palma Beach revealed N, Fe and chlorophyll a enhancement associated to areas of preferential groundwater discharge from the nearby coastal aquifer. Groundwater sampling from wells and coastal piezometers indicated high concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and Fe (up to 2800μmolL-1 and 8100nmolL-1, respectively). Other nutrients, such as DIP, and trace elements were not particularly elevated, which is attributed to the adsorptive characteristics of the carbonated composition of this detrital aquifer and/or the lack of major sources. Cross-shore gradients of 223,224,226Ra isotopes indicated a diffusive shore-based source of these radionuclides and allowed estimates of a SGD flow of 56,000±13,000m3d-1. Our results show that SGD is a major pathway for delivering DIN (1900mmolm-1d-1), dissolved Fe (4.1mmolm-1d-1) and, to a lesser extent, DIP (16mmolm-1d-1) into the nearshore waters. This allochthonous input may sustain a substantial phytoplankton biomass resulting in an onshore-offshore gradient (4.7-7.1mgm-3 in nearshore seawater as compared with, This project has been funded partially by the Spanish Government projects EDASE (ref. CGL2008-00047/BTE) and GRADIENTS (CTM2012-39476-C02-01). V.R. acknowledges financial support through a PhD fellowship (AP2008-03044) from MICINN (Spain). Support from a post-doctoral fellowship to E.G.-S. (EX2009-0651; Plan Nacional de I-D+i 2008–2011, Spain) is acknowledged. Support for the research of P.M. was received through the prize ICREA Academia, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya.
Published: 2014
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18. Rare Earth Elements and Nd isotopes tracing water mass mixing and particle-seawater interactions in the SE Atlantic

Author: Catherine Pradoux, Derek Vance, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Marie Labatut, Valérie Chavagnac, François Lacan, Catherine Jeandel, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GEOMAR LEGOS, Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, Water mass, Biogeochemical cycle, geography.geographical_feature_category, North Atlantic Deep Water, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, Authigenic, Biogenic silica, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Ocean gyre, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Cerium anomaly, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Distributions of dissolved and particulate rare earth elements (REEs) and seawater neodymium isotopic composition ( e Nd ) were established in samples from the BONUS GoodHope (BGH) IPY-GEOTRACES cruise in the SE Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (36°S-13°E to 57°S-0°, Feb.–Mar. 2008). Close to the South African continent in the subtropical domain, particulate REEs show the highest concentrations and flat PAAS-normalized patterns, clearly tracing their lithogenic origin. Active cerium oxidation onto suspended particles is evidenced by the mirror-image relationship of the cerium anomaly between dissolved and particulate phases. Unradiogenic dissolved neodymium in surface waters ( e Nd = -17.1) traces the influence of old sedimentary material brought by the Agulhas current and rings to the Cape Basin area. A mass balance calculation suggests that the release of Nd from dissolution of lithogenic material corresponds to a remobilization of 154 × 10 6 T of sediment per year, i.e., 5% of the total sediment delivered to the southeast African coast annually. At open ocean stations, both dissolved and particulate REEs present negative cerium anomalies, indicating that particles have acquired a marine signature. The increasing REE concentrations with depth, and the strong linear correlations of dissolved REE with silica, indicate that surface removal and deep re-mineralisation of REEs are partially related to the biogeochemical cycle of silicate, which involves biogenic silica (diatoms). Combined with marine carbonates, these authigenic phases could explain the observed REE patterns in suspended particles, except for La. We suggest that the positive La anomalies in both phases are linked to the oceanic barium cycle and the partial dissolution of barite crystals, especially in the Polar Frontal Zone. The e Nd composition behaves conservatively in intermediate and deep waters, while input processes affect the isotopic signal of subtropical surface waters and Weddell Gyre bottom waters. An Indian Ocean and an Atlantic variety of AAIW have been isotopically differentiated ( e Nd = −9.3 ± 0.3 and e Nd = −8.0 ± 0.5, respectively). Homogeneous signatures characterize circumpolar waters ( e Nd from −8.2 to −8.4 for CDW). A binary mixing model has been used to assess the contribution of undiluted NADW reaching southern latitudes.
Published: 2013
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19. Submarine groundwater discharge: Natural radioactivity accumulation in a wetland ecosystem

Author: Ester Garcia-Solsona, V. Moreno, Ester Lopez-Castillo, Marta Vilarrasa, Núria Casacuberta, Pere Masqué, Valentí Rodellas, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales ( LEGOS ), and Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, Marsh, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, RADIUM ISOTOPES, Wetland, Aquifer, Pb-210, 010501 environmental sciences, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS, MASS-BALANCE, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, SURFACE WATERS, Ra, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Radionuclides, SUBTERRANEAN ESTUARY, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, Rn, Po-210, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Brackish water, SGD, COMMON REED, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, Plants, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, Ra-226, Fish, INDOOR RADON LEVELS, 13. Climate action, TRIN EX STEUDEL, Natural radioactivity, Environmental science, COASTAL WATERS, Groundwater
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V14, P79 Shaheed K, 1997, ENVIRON POLLUT, V95, P371, DOI 10.1016/S0269-7491(96)00131-5 Sheppard SC, 2008, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V99, P933, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.018 SKIPPERUD L, J ENV RADIO IN PRESS Stewart GM, 2003, LIMNOL OCEANOGR, V48, P1193 Stewart GM, 2008, RADIOACTIV ENVIRONM, V13, P269, DOI 10.1016/S1569-4860(07)00008-3 Strok M, 2011, CHEMOSPHERE, V82, P970, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.075 Szegvary T, 2009, ATMOS ENVIRON, V43, P1536, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.11.025 TALBOT RW, 1984, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V48, P2053, DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(84)90386-7 Tateda Y, 2003, CONT SHELF RES, V23, P295, DOI 10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00167-X *UNESCO, 2004, IHP VI SERIES GROUND, V5 *UNSCEAR, 2000, J GEOPHYS RES OCEANS, V109 VALIELA I, 1990, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, V10, P177 Ye ZH, 1997, ANN BOT-LONDON, V80, P363, DOI 10.1006/anbo.1997.0456 Zarroca M., 2014, Hydrological Processes, V28, P2382, DOI 10.1002/hyp.9793 Garcia-Orellana, Jordi Rodellas, Valenti Casacuberta, Nuria Lopez-Castillo, Ester Vilarrasa, Marta Moreno, Victoria Garcia-Solsona, Ester Masque, Pere Masque, Pere/B-7379-2008 Masque, Pere/0000-0002-1789-320X Spanish Government project EDASMAR [CGL2006-09274/HID]; Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project [2686-SRA]; MICINN (Spain) [AP2008-03044]; ICREA Academia; Generalitat de Catalunya The authors would like to thank the assistance in field and laboratory work from our colleagues at the Laboratori de Radioactivitat Ambiental (Universitat de Barcelona). This project has been funded partially by the Spanish Government project EDASMAR (Ref. CGL2006-09274/HID) and the Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear project (Ref. 2686-SRA). V.R. acknowledges financial support through a PhD fellowship (AP2008-03044) from MICINN (Spain). Support for the research of PM was received through the prize ICREA Academia, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya. We also want to thank the collaboration of Anna Cherta, Maribel Forner (Hotel Marina), Camping Eden, FACSA, School "Jaume Sainz" and the Peniscola Municipality. We want also to thank Gerard Carmona and Lluis Benejam for their support during fish sampling. 1 ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV AMSTERDAM MAR CHEM SI; Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has attracted the interest from the scientific community over the past decade for its impact on biogeochemical cycles of coastal ecosystems and/or management of water resources. SGD is associated with a flow of natural radionuclides (Ra isotopes and Rn-222), which are often used as SGD tracers that can significantly increase the natural background radiation. Although in many circumstances the discharge is produced directly to the sea and therefore the increase of natural radioactivity levels can generally be considered negligible due to a dilution processes, the discharge into coastal wetlands (marshes, coastal lagoons or ponds), with somewhat restricted exchange with the open sea, may require a detailed study of the distribution of natural radionuclides and their effects on the coastal ecosystem. The Peniscola marsh is a Mediterranean coastal wetland where such studies may be of special interest because it is fed exclusively by groundwater, mainly discharging from a deep aquifer with high natural radioactivity content. In the Peniscola marsh, brackish groundwater discharging through the wetland sediments is enriched in radionuclides to maximum values of 2.8 and 616 kBq m(-3) of Ra-226 and Rn-222, respectively. These high dissolved concentrations result in high levels of Rn-222 in air (up to 36 Bq m(-3)) and Pb-210 and Po-210 dissolved in water (20 and 5.7 Bq m(-3), respectively). These elevated levels of natural radionuclides in the Peniscola marsh are also responsible of the significant increase in Po-210 and Pb-210 contents in both fish and plants. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2013
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20. Methodological study of submarine groundwater discharge from a karstic aquifer in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Author: Jose Antonio Domínguez, Carmen Antón-Pacheco, Pere Masqué, Miguel Bruno Mejías, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Bruno J. Ballesteros, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, SURFACE TEMPERATURES, España, 0207 environmental engineering, GULF-OF-MEXICO, RADIUM ISOTOPES, submarine groundwater discharge, Aquifer, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, CARBONATE AQUIFERS, RN-222, Mediterranean sea, OCEAN, Spring (hydrology), El Maestrazgo, WATER, Mar Mediterráneo Oeste, 14. Life underwater, coastal springs, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, Hydrogeology, geography.geographical_feature_category, COASTAL, thermal infrared images, Groundwater recharge, 15. Life on land, INPUTS, Karst, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, FLORIDA BAY, coastal karstic aquifer, 13. Climate action, DELAYED COINCIDENCE COUNTER, El Maestrazgo (Spain), Groundwater, Geology, Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)
Abstract: A multiproxy approach of complementary techniques is applied to localise and quantify submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) from El Maestrazgo Jurassic aquifer, an example of widespread carbonate coastal aquifer of the Western Mediterranean Sea (Castellón, Spain). Unconventional water resources are critical in this area where highly populated resorts have been developed. The aquifer has two main features of particular interest: a karstic system with a deep saturated zone reaching 450 m and with no significant surface discharge occurring within the continental area. On the other hand, SGD can alter the condition of coastal marine environments, reducing salinities and providing nutrients that can cause eutrophication and algal blooms. The applied combined techniques make it possible to detect groundwater outflows using airborne thermal infrared (TIR) images to monitor physico-chemical anomalies in the sea and to quantify the submarine groundwater discharges by means of direct measurements and radium isotopic analyses. Three main coastal areas affected by SGD and a submarine spring located at 3 km from the coast, which seems to be associated with tectonic discontinuities, were localised. The calculated fresh SGD from Ra isotopes, 375 Mm3 y−1, is in agreement with the mean aquifer recharge obtained by hydrogeological methods, 394 Mm3 y−1., Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España, Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España, Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Francia
Published: 2012
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21. Quantifying groundwater discharge from different sources into a Mediterranean wetland by using 222Rn and Ra isotopes

Author: Jose Antonio Domínguez, Valentí Rodellas, Miguel Bruno Mejías, Bruno J. Ballesteros, Mario Zarroca, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Pere Masqué, Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales ( LEGOS ), and Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, LAKES, Peñíscola, Marsh, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Groundwater flow, Ra isotopes, España, 0207 environmental engineering, RADIUM ISOTOPES, Wetland, Aquifer, 02 engineering and technology, Groundwater discharge, 01 natural sciences, groundwater discharge, Coastal wetland, Peniscola, marsh, SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER, MASS-BALANCE, WATER, ESTUARY, 14. Life underwater, 020701 environmental engineering, coastal wetland, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Baseflow, 222Rn, COASTAL LAGOON, 15. Life on land, Rn-222, 6. Clean water, RA-224, 13. Climate action, DELAYED COINCIDENCE COUNTER, Seawater, RADON, Groundwater, Geology
Abstract: Groundwater discharge constitutes the main water inflow of many coastal wetlands. Despite the potential of Ra isotopes and 222Rn as tracers of groundwater discharge, the use of these radionuclides to quantify the groundwater inflow in coastal wetlands has been only scarcely addressed in the literature. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the use of 222Rn and Ra isotopes to estimate the contribution of distinct groundwater sources into a Mediterranean coastal wetland (the Peníscola marsh, Castelló, Spain). The Peníscola marsh is a small shallow wetland nourished by groundwater coming from four different flowpaths: (i) a deep flow from the regional carbonate aquifer of El Maestrat, (ii) a shallow flow and (iii) an intermediate flow, both from the Irta Range and the detritic Vinaròs-Peníscola aquifer, and (iv) seawater intrusion. Data on 226Ra, 222Rn and salinity obtained in summer 2007 revealed that the deep groundwater contribution was 15% of the total water inflow, whereas the shallow and intermediate flow paths represented 32% and 48%, respectively. Seawater accounted only for the remaining 5% inputs to the wetland. Ra isotopes also allowed estimating the marsh water age in 1.2 days. Both the groundwater contributions derived from 222Rn measurements and the Ra-derived marsh water age agreed well with the direct measurements obtained using propeller flow meters, evidencing the effectiveness of the used methods. An interannual comparison between the estimated groundwater inflow and the precipitation revealed that shallow groundwater flows respond to local precipitation, whereas the deep groundwater flow from the carbonate aquifer is dominated by a constant baseflow, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España, Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España, Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Francia, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España, Departament de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España
Published: 2012
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22. An assessment of karstic submarine groundwater and associated nutrient discharge to a Mediterranean coastal area (Balearic Islands, Spain) using radium isotopes

Author: A. Mayer, Gotzon Basterretxea, Olivier Radakovitch, S. Estradé, Esther Garcés, Ester Garcia-Solsona, Jordi Garcia-Orellana, Pere Masqué, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Radium isotopes, Aquifer, 010501 environmental sciences, Groundwater discharge, Karstic springs phytoplankton proliferations, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Inorganic nutrients, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, Cove, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Brackish water, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Seawater, Geology, Groundwater
Abstract: 19 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, Short and long-lived radium isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra) were used to quantify submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and its associated input of inorganic nitrogen (NO3 −), phosphorus (PO4 3−) and silica (SiO4 4−) into the karstic Alcalfar Cove, a coastal region of Minorca Island (Western Mediterranean Sea). Cove water, seawater and groundwater (wells and karstic springs) samples were collected in May 2005 and February 2006 for radium isotopes and in November 2007 for dissolved inorganic nutrients. Salinity profiles in cove waters suggested that SGD is derived from shallow brackish springs that formed a buoyant surface fresh layer of only 0.3 m depth. A binary mixing model that considers the distribution of radium activities was used to determine the cove water composition. Results showed that cove waters contained 20% brackish groundwater; of which 6% was recirculated seawater and 14% corresponded to freshwater discharge. Using a radium-derived residence time of 2.4 days, a total SGD flux of 150,000 m3 year−1 was calculated, consisting of 45,000 m3 year−1 recirculated seawater and 105,000 m3 year−1 fresh groundwater. Fresh SGD fluxes of NO3 −, SiO4 4− and PO4 3− were estimated to be on the order of 18,000, 1,140 and 4 μmol m−2 day−1, respectively, and presumably sustain the high phytoplankton biomass observed in the cove during summer. The total amount of NO3 − and SiO4 4− supplied by SGD was higher than the measured inventories in the cove, while the reverse was true for PO4 3−. These discrepancies are likely due to non-conservative biogeochemical processes that occur within the subterranean estuary and Alcalfar Cove waters, This project has been partially supported by the Institut Menorquí d’Estudis (IME) and the Departament d’Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació of the Generalitat de Catalunya (PICS program no. 2434). Support from the Spanish Government and the Fulbright Commission for a post-doctoral fellowship to J.G.-O. (ref 2007-0516) is gratefully acknowledged. Support for the research of PM was received through the prize “ICREA Academia”, funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya
Published: 2010
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