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The hybrid between Kalanchoe lateritia and K. sexangularis (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is described as K. ×sogae. Like K. lateritia, virtually all plant parts of K. ×sogae are covered in a fine indumentum, but with the indumentum being less substantial in the case of this nothospecies. The leaves and stems of material of K. ×sogae are bright red-infused, especially when growing in full sun. This hybrid shows considerable horticultural potential and is more resistant against phytophagous insects than K. sexangularis.

A red- and several yellow-flowered variants of Aloiampelos tenuior (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a species of scrambling aloe, are well known, including in cultivation, and apart from the autonymic variety, at least four others have been given taxonomic recognition at that rank. The yellow-flowered varieties of A. tenuior are predominantly, but not exclusively, based on vegetative characters, while the red-flowered variety is distinguished by its flower colour, as well as vegetative characters. The orange-flowered form of A. tenuior, which is much less common in cultivation than A. tenuior var. tenuior or A. tenuior var. rubriflora, is here described as A. tenuior var. ernstii.

Capt. William Fitz William Owen (1774–1857) was in charge of a British expedition that inter alia surveyed parts of the southern and eastern coasts of Africa from 1822 to 1826. Owen’s fleet had two botanists, successively John Forbes (1798–1823) and Karl Theodor Hilsenberg (1802–1824), on board, but both died early during the expedition. The itinerary of Owen’s expedition was complex and it has been presented differently in botanical literature because of conflicting interpretations of available sources of information. Confusion arose especially because of: (1) a lack of awareness of the existence of three ships—four different ones but three at any one time—in the fleet of Owen; (2) an under appreciation that these ships often sailed separately; (3) a misinterpretation of ‘Mozambique’ which referred to the Island of Mozambique, and not to the present-day country Mozambique; and (4) the unavailability of, and lack of access to, several sources of information. We here complement and correct previously published information. Further details concerning the collectors and the specimens obtained during the expedition are provided.

The endemic South African species Kalanchoe gideonsmithii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is described from KwaZulu-Natal, the eastern-most province of the country. The entire natural geographical distribution range of the species falls within the species-rich Maputaland-Pondoland Region of Endemism. Kalanchoe gideonsmithii is related to K. rotundifolia and K. decumbens, but differs from both by having most plant parts, including the flowers, bluish purple-infused. The leaves of K. gideonsmithii are narrowly oblong, like those of K. decumbens, but longer and of greater diameter than those of the latter species. In contrast, the leaves of K. rotundifolia are mostly oblanceolate to obovate to round in outline. The reproductive morphology of K. gideonsmithii is constant in terms of the size and shape of the corolla tube and lobes, with the distal part of the corolla tube and proximal part of the corolla lobes invariably becoming tightly twisted post-anthesis, as in K. decumbens and K. rotundifolia. At the level of the ovary the corolla tubes of K. gideonsmithii are generally dark orange- to purplish blue-infused, rather than somewhat to distinctly green-infused, as is usually the case in K. rotundifolia and, to a lesser extent, K. decumbens. The upper part of the corolla tube is consistently bright orange-red, with the centres of the adaxial surface of the corolla lobes a similar colour, or sometimes very slightly yellowish-infused in the centre. Kalanchoe gideonsmithii presents a combination of vegetative and reproductive morphological characters that warrants its recognition at species rank, especially following the recent description of the ‘rotundifolioid’ K. waterbergensis and the reinstatement of K. decumbens, also a relative of K. rotundifolia.

The recent reinstatement of Kalanchoe decumbens Compton as well as the description of K. waterbergensis van Jaarsv. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) necessitate a reassessment of the circumscription of K. rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw., thus far the morphologically most diverse kalanchoe indigenous to southern Africa. Material with bright green, generally orbicular to slightly obovate leaves that hitherto has been included in K. rotundifolia is here split off from the latter. The name K. klopperae Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo is published for this material.

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As part of a review of the names applied to economically important species of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), the nomenclature and typification of the name Kalanchoe blossfeldiana are reviewed. The type of this species name is clarified in a second-step lectotypification. The selection of desirable hybrids and cultivars based on K. blossfeldiana, and of hybrids and cultivars of which it is a parent, has developed into a global horticultural industry.

A new species of Aloe (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), A. hankeyi, which belongs in A. sect. Leptoaloe is described from northern South Africa. The new species has affinities with A. cooperi and A. verecunda, from both of which it can be separated on vegetative and reproductive characters.

The nomenclature of the three names that Emmanuel Drake del Castillo published in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), K. antanosiana, K. beharensis, and K. linearifolia, in 1903 is reviewed and discussed. Kalanchoe beharensis and K. linearifolia are today accepted species, but K. antanosiana is widely treated as a synonym of K. orgyalis. Corrections are made to the typification of the names K. beharensis and K. vantieghemii to maintain the current application of these names, with the latter being a homotypic synonym of K. beharensis.

Figueiredo, Estrela, Smith, Gideon F., Silva, Vasco (2022): Some mysteries solved: new biographical information on Brotero, the first Professor of Botany in Portugal. Phytotaxa 545 (1): 87-94, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.545.1.7

Data and information provided in a 2008 floristic inventory of the indigenous and exotic flora of Angola was disaggregated and reanalysed for an improved understanding of the floristic component that is non-indigenous to the country. Results of the analysis are presented here as a catalogue of the exotic flora recorded for Angola. The catalogue consists of three lists: 1. ‘Naturalised aliens’; 2. ‘Taxa of uncertain indigenous or naturalised status or presence’; and 3. ‘Cultivated, casual, and escaped taxa’. Overall, the catalogue is expanded, brought up to date, and evidence-based information is provided for each taxon included on one of the three lists. A total of 180+ taxa are recorded here as having become naturalised in Angola. This figure includes records at the rank of genus that likely include more than one species. A further 53 taxa of uncertain indigenous or naturalised status or presence are listed. Additionally, 110 taxa that are cultivated, casual, or escaped are discussed. We compare the figures presented here to those available for a selection of other countries. We show that, in terms of numbers, the non-indigenous flora of Angola is smaller than that of some near-neighbouring countries, such as Zimbabwe (to the east) and South Africa (to the south), and argue for the use of standard terminology when recording and referring to non-indigenous species, and for the preparation of herbarium vouchers when such species are encountered.

The name Kalanchoe wildii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is applied to a species from Zimbabwe in south-tropical Africa. Kalanchoe wildii remains little-known and to fix application of the name, we here lectotypify it on a specimen held in Zimbabwe at Herb. SRGH, given that the holotype is no longer extant.

The French botanist Louis-René ‘Edmond’ Tulasne validly published three new names in Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in 1857. These are K. eriophylla, K. miniata, and K. floribunda, with the first two of these names being based on material that was collected more than 30 years earlier in Madagascar by Carl Hilsenberg and Wenceslas Bojer, who are jointly credited as having made the first significant plant collections in the interior of the island. The third name, K. floribunda, was published for a species from the Comoros, but is an illegitimate later homonym, for which a lectotype is designated here. The fourth species that Tulasne dealt with in his treatment of Malagasy kalanchoes was included under the name Bryophyllum calycinum, which is now regarded as a synonym of K. pinnata. In the past, Bryophyllum was sometimes accepted as a genus distinct from Kalanchoe, but at present it is treated as K. subg. Bryophyllum. The nomenclature of the three names published in Kalanchoe and the one treated in Bryophyllum by Tulasne is reviewed and discussed in a historical context. The type of the name K. tubiflora, which was collected during a British expedition that lasted from 1822 to 1826 to South and East Africa, is clarified.

The natural geographical distribution range of Sedum rubens in continental Portugal is reassessed. Based on the Flora iberica provinces recognised for the country, the occurrence of the species in Ribatejo is confirmed but it is thus far excluded from Beira Alta.

Following the reinstatement of Aloe davyana Schönland (1905: 288) (Fig. 1A) as an accepted taxon at the rank of species, rather than at that of variety under A. greatheadii Schönland (1904: 121) (Smith et al. 2020), we here reinstate A. davyana var. subolifera Groenewald (1939: t. 732). Aloe davyana var. subolifera was accepted by all aloe researchers until it was placed in the synonymy of a broadened concept of A. greatheadii var. davyana (Schönl.) Glen & Hardy (1987: 490), a view with which we do not agree.

When describing Kalanchoe orgyalis Baker (1882: 110) [Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae, Kalanchoe Adanson (1763: 248) subg. Kalanchoe] (Figs 1 & 2), Baker cited two collections, “Baron 105! 249!”, both of which were therefore collected by Reverend Richard Baron (1847–1907), with both presumably originating from “West Betsileo, on stony ground and about woods” (Baker 1882: 110), in Madagascar. Baron, at the time a missionary with the London Missionary Society, spent about 35 years in Madagascar and, apart from his evangelical work, was also a proficient naturalist (Dorr 1997: 28–29, Smith & Figueiredo 2021a). Herbarium material that Baron collected in Madagascar mostly made its way to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, from where the novel material was described (Smith & Figueiredo 2021a: 195).

Aloe davyana (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a winter-flowering aloe that is endemic to the north-central interior of South Africa, is reinstated at the rank of species based on plant size, clumping habit, leaf colour and ornamentation, inflorescence architecture, and several flower characters. In the past it was sometimes treated as A. greatheadii var. davyana.

The tropical African genus Staudtia Warburg (1897a: 128) (Myristicaceae) is most often treated as consisting of two species, the widespread S. kamerunensis Warburg (1897a: 241) and the little-known S. pterocarpa Warburg (1897a: 243), the latter being endemic to the island of São Tomé (São Tomé and Príncipe, Gulf of Guinea). Staudtia pterocarpa has been known by the Portuguese common name Pau-Vermelho (vermelho meaning red), and the Santomean Portuguese names Vlêmê or Pó-Vlêmê, since at least the end of the 19th century (Negreiros 1895: 253). These common names are derived from the pressed bark that exudes a resinous red sap (Negreiros 1901: 85), this exudate being a characteristic feature of the family. The common names have also been explained as reflecting the colour of the timber. The core wood of the other species of Staudtia, S. kamerunensis, commonly known under the trade name Niove, could also take on an ochre-red colour [Phongphaew 2003: 142, as S. stipitata Warburg (1903: 384)]. At the beginning of the 20th century the timber of S. pterocarpa was considered excellent for construction and carpentry and the leaves were used medicinally (Negreiros 1901: 85). Presently the bark of S. pterocarpa is used in traditional medicine (Figueiredo et al. 2011). The species occurs in lowland forest up to ca. 1150 m above sea level and its conservation status is listed as Vulnerable (Oldfield et al. 1998, WCMC 1998).

Walker et al. (2019: 12) suggested that the name Aloe zeyheri (Barber 1870a: 80) (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae) was merely proposed and not validly published for the species of tree aloe today known as Aloidendron barberae (Dyer 1874a: 566) Klopper & Gideon F. Sm. in Grace et al. (2013: 9) (Fig. 1A–C). Aloidendron barberae occurs naturally along the eastern seaboard of South Africa, and slightly inland, and caused quite a stir in botanical circles when it was first and more or less simultaneously collected in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.

Aloe arborescens Miller (1768: no. 3 on first page headed “ALO ALO”) (Fig. 1A) is a parent of some intergeneric alooid hybrids, as well as of interspecific hybrids in Aloe Linnaeus (1753: 319), that have become popular in domestic and even industrial-scale horticulture [see for example Smith & Figueiredo 2015: 20, and Figueiredo & Smith 2019 on A. ×caesia Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck (1817: 29)]. Numerous forms of A. arborescens have additionally been provided with cultivar names (Van Jaarsveld 2002, Smith et al. 2021). Where A. arborescens and A. hardyi Glen (1987: plate 1942) (Figs 1B, C) are grown together, these two species hybridise with great ease and offspring of this hybrid are increasingly found in cultivation. However, to date the hybrid with the formula A. arborescens × A. hardyi does not have a name to enable easy communication about it. We here describe this increasingly common horticultural hybrid as A. ×engelbrechtii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo (Figs 2A, B).

Although it is widely assumed that Friedrich Welwitsch, who collected about 10,000 specimens in Angola during a seven-year period in the mid-1800s, only proposed names that were validly published by other authors in the Flora of Tropical Africa (FTA), he also provided Latin descriptions that were attached to the specimens. These descriptions were translated into English and used in FTA. Welwitsch was therefore the only author of those names. As a case study, the nomenclature of new species published in the FTA in the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is presented. When all the internal evidence in the relevant FTA volume is taken into account, the authorship of all the Kalanchoe species names, bar one, K. welwitschii, which was published by Britten exclusively, is Welwitsch only, and not “Welwitsch ex Britten” or “Welwitsch ex Oliver” as usually cited. Kalanchoe coccinea and K. brachyloba, whose distributions extend beyond Angola, have type localities in that country, and were also based on Welwitsch’s descriptions. An itinerary of Welwitsch’s Angolan expedition and maps showing the areas where he collected in the country are provided. Type localities from where Welwitsch collected the Kalanchoe species published in FTA are placed on the map. The typification of seven Kalanchoe names is clarified, some through correcting previous designations and, where required, second-step lectotypifications.

The genus Kleinia Miller (1754: page headed KI KL) (Asteraceae, subfam. Asteroideae, tr. Senecioneae) has been variously circumscribed over time, but in the past was often regarded as worthy of segregation from Senecio Linnaeus (1753: 866) based on, inter alia, the architecture of ovary wall crystals (Jeffrey 1986) and the prevalence of stem succulence (Halliday 1988: 1) and, to some degree, leaf succulence (see Cicuzza et al. 2017 for an overview). The recently described genus Curio Heath (1997: 136) accommodates mostly low-growing to medium-sized leaf succulents with rather dull-coloured capitula that generally lack ray florets.

From the 1950s to the 1980s the East African taxa of Kalanchoe Adanson (1763: 248) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) received taxonomic attention in a series of papers by Cufodontis (1957, 1958, 1965, 1967, 1969), Raadts (1977, 1979, 1984, 1985, 1989), and Wickens (1982, 1987) that culminated in the treatment of the genus by Wickens (1987: 30–58) for the Flora of Tropical East Africa (FTEA; Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania). Wickens (1987) recognised 25 Kalanchoe species in the FTEA region, with two species, K. ndorensis Schweinfurth (1892: 865 [as name only in Engler (1892: 232)]) and K. stuhlmannii Engler (1895: 188), treated as imperfectly known.

The valid publication of the name Euphorbia candelabrum Welwitsch (1855: 328) or E. candelabrum Welwitsch (1856: 251) (Euphorbiaceae) is subject to a request for a binding decision, which, following Art. 38.4 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (or Shenzhen Code, see Turland et al. 2018), provides the only means of permanently settling different views on the issue. As some typifications of associated names have not previously been effectively done, the following names are effectively typified here: E. candelabrum Trémaux ex Kotschy (1857: 169), E. venefica Trémaux ex Kotschy (1857: 173), and E. similis Berger (1907: 69). The type citation for E. conspicua Brown (1912: 600) is clarified. The nomenclatural status and type citations for E. confertiflora Volkens (1899: 266) and E. reinhardtii Volkens (1899: 263) are elucidated. These two names were not based on the same type and they are therefore not homotypic. Euphorbia confertiflora is a legitimate name.

The majority of the species of Kalanchoe Adanson (1763: 248) in cultivation in, especially, mild-climate parts of the world originates from Madagascar, a present-day centre of high species diversity for the genus (Gehrig et al. 2001; Descoings 2003; Smith & Figueiredo 2018). Of 45 species, hybrids, and cultivars of Kalanchoe listed by Springate (1995: 178–185) as being cultivated in Europe, both out-of-doors and under glass, 29 (~64%) are either from Madagascar or are based on material originally collected from that country, with the remaining 16 being mainly from eastern and southern Africa, as well as from the Middle East, Socotra, India, and east Asia.

For nine years, from 1835 until his death, the British-born Andrew Beveridge Curror (27 October 1811–11 July 1844) served as surgeon on different ships of the British Royal Navy. From 1839 he sailed on ships of the West Africa Squadron, which aimed at the curtailment of the slave trade along Africa’s west coast. Curror additionally had a strong interest in natural history and collected from continental Africa and Atlantic islands what would become the type specimens of several plant names. We provide biographical information on Curror and an analysis and appreciation of his collecting activities. We additionally provide a list of Curror’s collections that could be located.

Britten (1871: 391–398), when treating the genus Kalanchoe Adanson (1763: 248) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) for the Flora of Tropical Africa (FTA) project, recognised 18 species as indigenous to that part of Africa (see Oliver 1868 for the geographical coverage of the project). Six of these, 30% of the FTA kalanchoes, were based on material that Dr Friedrich [Martin Joseph] Welwitsch (5 February 1806, Maria Saal, Austria–20 October 1872, London, United Kingdom) collected while he was based in Angola (see also Figueiredo et al. 2018). In the case of four of the species, Britten (1871) explicitly linked them to Welwitsch’s manuscript names by stating “Welw. mss.” after the species names. The four species are (here and further on including the species numbers used by Britten): [#5.] K. brachyloba Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 392); [#7.] K. platysepala Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 393); [#13.] K. coccinea Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 395); and [#17.] K. scapigera Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 397). One other species, [#15.] K. velutina Welwitsch (1871: 396), was described by Welwitsch and a further species, [#10.] K. welwitschii Britten (1871: 394), was named in honour of Welwitsch by Britten, based on material collected by Welwitsch. Welwitsch also provided voucher material for the occurrence of the widespread [#4.] K. laciniata (Linnaeus 1753: 430) De Candolle (1802: tab. 100), [#11.] K. crenata (Andrews 1797: tab. 21) Haworth (1812: 109), and [#16.] K. glandulosa Hochstetter ex Richard (1847: 312) in Angola (Britten 1871).

Prior to the 2011 Melbourne Congress, the late esteemednomenclaturalist Gillian Perry (in Taxon 59: 1915–1916. 2010) dis-covered a previously overlooked issue threatening the perceivedhomotypy of some 30 names with conserved types and their basio-nyms then listed in Appendices III and IV of theVienna Code(McNeill & al. in Regnum Veg. 146. 2006). At that time, it may havesimply been assumed that the basionym of a conserved name was au-tomatically homotypic with the conserved name. But for this toremain true when the conserved name was explicitly conserved witha conserved type, the basionym would have to be explicitly conservedsimilarly. Because 28 of the 30 cases Perry (l.c.) mentioned involvedbasionyms that applied to subdivisions of genera (App. III) or infra-specific taxa (App. IV), which lacked any provision for their conser-vation under theVienna Code, she submitted Proposal 243 to remedythis situation, which upon its approval in Melbourne gave rise to mostof the final sentence of current Art. 14.1 (“The name of a subdivisionof a genus or of an infraspecific taxon may be conserved with a con-served type and listed in App. III and IV, respectively, when it is thebasionymor replaced synonymof a name of a genus or species thatcould not continue to be used in its current sense without conserva-tion”; Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018). The bolded textwas added to this Article with acceptance of Proposal 234 (Wiersema& al. in Taxon 65: 642–646. 2016) at the Shenzhen Congress.Perry astutely recognized that while acceptance of her Proposal243 would provide a future mechanism for ensuring correspon-dence between listed types of names with conserved types in App.III and IV and those of their basionyms, when thesecould then beexplicitly conserved as such, it could not address the already exist-ing incongruency of types resulting from strict application of thenArt. 14, where the listed basionyms (at the same rank) had not been.

The oceanic islands of the Gulf of Guinea (Príncipe, São Tomé, and Annobón) have been the focus of biological research for over two hundred years. Following small surveys that generated modest collections in the eighteenth and early mid-nineteenth century, European institutions commissioned several exploratory missions to the region that resulted in the first major catalogues of its biodiversity. The following century brought a new wave of research investment, mostly driven by the colonial interests. After the independence of both Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe, novel research trends focusing on conservation aspects of biodiversity research emerged. Here we present a chronological review of the zoological and botanical expeditions to the region, commenting on their major results, collectors, and the naturalists who studied them.

The proposed name at new rank ‘Kalanchoe brevicalyx’ (Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1915: 88) L.Allorge (in Boiteau & Allorge-Boiteau 1995: 133) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) was not validly published as a full and direct reference to the place of valid publication of the basionym, K. pinnata var. brevicalyx Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie (1915: 88), with page or plate reference and date, was not clearly indicated (Turland et al. 2018: Art. 41.5). We here validly publish the new combination and status.

The numbering systems used by Júlio Henriques when specimens were prepared for distribution as donations or for determination from the Herbarium COI (Coimbra, Portugal) are addressed, with particular emphasis on the collections made by Adolfo Moller and Francisco Quintas on São Tomé and Príncipe in the 19th century. The conflicting numbers and label data that are found on these collections have been the source of considerable confusion in determining what constitute duplicates, and in many cases the type status of such collections. An understanding of the administrative methodology and numbering system used by Henriques is critical in taxonomic studies on the flora of São Tomé and Príncipe and adjacent areas, as the early collections inevitably included large numbers of type specimens. Previous work done by Arthur Exell to address the issue is analysed and explained, and examples are presented.

Hoodia currorii Decaisne (1844: 665) is a well-known species of carrion flower from west-central Namibia and southern Angola. Bruyns et al. (2017) reclassified more than 30 stapeliad genera in an enlarged concept of Ceropegia Linnaeus (1753: 211). This resulted in Ceropegia consisting of over 750 species, one of which being then referred to as ‘C. currorii (Hook.) Bruyns’ (2017: 420), based on Scytanthus currorii Hooker (1844: 605). This species of carrion flower is nowadays most widely included in the genus Hoodia Sweet ex Decaisne (1844: 664), and we here treat it as H. currorii. The citation of the author of H. currorii and the citation of its type have been the source of some confusion in the literature and are here clarified.

Although most species of Aloe Linnaeus (1753: 319) flower in winter, the comparatively few taxa of this genus that occur naturally above South Africa’s climatically severe Great Escarpment tend to flower during spring when temperatures are on the increase. Two such species are A. broomii Schönland (1907: 137) and A. grandidentata Salm-Dyck (1822: 3 [species no. 2]).

Francisco Newton (18 May 1864–9 December 1909), who was born in Portugal, travelled to Angola at the age of 16 and during his initial stay, which lasted from 1880 until late-1884 or early-1885, he collected plant specimens. At the time Angola was a Portuguese colony. During a second expedition to Angola that lasted from 1903 to 1905, Newton did not collect any plant specimens. Newton’s plant specimens are kept in several European herbaria, including COI, K, LISU, PO, W, and G, but little is known about collecting activities during his first visit to Africa. We provide an analysis of his work while in Angola in the early- to mid-1880s. Information is provided on the typification of names of vascular plants that Newton collected in Angola.

Herbarium records show that during the second half of the 19th century John Rattray collected several plant specimens at ports of call along the West African coast (Canary Islands, Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ghana, São Tomé, Príncipe, and Angola). At the herbarium (K) of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, four such specimens are databased, three of which can be examined online. At the herbarium (E) of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland, 26 specimens are databased, twenty of which are imaged. All the specimens we examined have printed labels stating ‘Collected by John Rattray, H.M. Challenger Commission, Edinburgh’ with only a handwritten indication of the locality, for example ‘Loanda’ (Luanda, Angola). The collecting date has been omitted from the labels and there are no further details on the specimens. An investigation of the literature revealed that there is some confusion regarding the origin of the material and the identity of John Rattray, the collector.

Figueiredo, E. & G.F. Smith (2021). Joaquim Jose da Silva (c. 1755–1810): his life, natural history collecting activities, and involvement in the so-called first scientific expedition in the interior of Angola. Candollea 76: 125–138. In English, English abstract. The Portuguese naturalist Joaquim Jose da Silva (c. 1755–1810) was sent to Angola in the late 18th century to collect natural history specimens, as part of the “viagens philosophicas”, a series of expeditions funded by the Portuguese state to its overseas territories. Silva arrived in Angola in 1783 and remained in the country until his death 27 years later. An account of Silva's life and activities is provided. His travel itineraries in Angola are mapped and a list of his collections that could be located is presented. The little-known expedition to the Cunene River in which he participated is discussed. It was the first expedition to the interior of Angola during which plants were collected for deposition in a herbarium. His plant collections are recorded in the literature as numbering over 200 specimens that are held in the Herbarium of the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris (P), after they were removed from Lisbon, Portugal, by Etienne Geoffroy St. Hilaire (1772–1844) during the Napoleonic War, in 1808. The Silva collections served as original material for describing at least 24 names. However, the Silva specimens at P lack collector's name and date and are difficult to trace. Only about 20% of these collections have been located in P. Received: January 15, 2021; Accepted: February 10, 2021; First published online: May 20, 2021

The taxonomy and nomenclature of Kalanchoe hauseri Werderm. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) are discussed. Based on available morphological evidence we regard K. hauseri as an accepted, but insufficiently known Angolan species, and do not include it in the synonymy of K. scapigera Welw. The plant collecting activities of Friedrich [Martin Joseph] Welwitsch in Angola are briefly discussed.

The natural geographical distribution range of Kalanchoe waterbergensis van Jaarsv. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), previously documented only from the type locality, is extended by about 80km in a northeasterly direction in the Waterberg in northern South Africa.

Aspects of the floristics and phytogeography of species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the Waterberg, Limpopo province, northern South Africa, are discussed. In 2001 the Waterberg, which covers an area of 654,033ha (1,616,150.74 acres), was recognised as a Biosphere Reserve. It is shown that after eastern southern Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, eastern Limpopo, South Africa; Eswatini (formerly) Swaziland; southern Mozambique), the Waterberg has the most diverse Kalanchoe flora in southern Africa. A floristic synopsis of, and an identification key to, the kalanchoes of the Waterberg is presented. All the species are described and illustrated.