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1. Transmission of hepatitis C virus in HIV‐positive and PrEP‐using MSM in England

Author

Tetyana I. Vasylyeva, Yvonne Gilleece, Chris Davis, Daniel Bradshaw, Laura Waters, Julien Thézé, Mark Nelson, E. Thomson, Marianne Martinello, Graham S Cooke, Oliver G. Pybus, Emma E Page, Ruth Burholt, Gail V. Matthews, University of Maine, Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and University College of London [London] (UCL)

Subjects
Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Injection drug use, Men who have sex with men, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 03 medical and health sciences, Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Risk-Taking, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Homosexuality, Male, Phylogeny, Hepatology, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), virus diseases, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, England, Cohort, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Demography
Abstract

We sought to characterize risk factors and patterns of HCV transmission amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM with recently acquired HCV (AHCV) were prospectively recruited ('clinic cohort') between January and September 2017. Clinical data and risk behaviours were identified and blood obtained for HCV whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses were performed, using sequences from this cohort and two other AHCV cohorts, to identify transmission clusters. Sixteen (40.0%) men in the clinic cohort were HIV-negative MSM. HIV-negative MSM were younger than HIV-positive MSM; most (81.3%) had taken HIV PrEP in the preceding year. Eighteen men (45.0%) reported injection drug use; most (34, 85.0%) reported noninjection drug use in the last year. Most in both groups reported condomless anal sex, fisting and sex in a group environment. Few (7, 17.5%) men thought partners may have had HCV. There were 52 sequences in the HCV genotype 1a phylogeny, 18 from the clinic cohort and 34 from other AHCV cohorts; 47 (90.4%) clustered with ≥1 other sequence. There were 7 clusters of 2-27 sequences; 6 clusters contained HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM and 1 cluster only HIV-positive MSM. Four of these clusters were part of larger clusters first described in 2007. PrEP-using MSM are at risk of HCV, sharing similar risk factors to HIV-positive MSM. Phylogenetics highlights that PrEP-using and HIV-positive MSM are involved in the same HCV transmission networks. Few men demonstrated HCV awareness and risk reduction strategies should be expanded.

Published
2020
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2. Sugar intake and craving during alcohol withdrawal in alcohol use disorder inpatients

Author

Margaux Tiberghien, Régis Alarcon, Stéphanie Alaux-Cantin, Stéphanie Pelletier, Amandine Luquiens, Bertrand Nalpas, Serge H. Ahmed, Mickaël Naassila, Raphaël Trouillet, Pascal Perney, Hôpital Universitaire de Réadaptation, de Rééducation et d'Addictologie du CHU de Nîmes [Grau-du-Roi] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Dynamique des capacités humaines et des conduites de santé (EPSYLON), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sociodemographic Factors, Visual analogue scale, Dietary Sugars, media_common.quotation_subject, Medicine (miscellaneous), Alcohol, Craving, Alcohol use disorder, alcohol use disorder, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, substitutability, Sugar intake, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Sugar, media_common, Aged, Pharmacology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, craving, withdrawal, Addiction, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Patient Acuity, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Psychiatry and Mental health, Alcoholism, chemistry, sugar, Female, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Addiction transfer from alcohol to sugar has been demonstrated in the alcohol postdependent state model in rats. To assess whether changes in sugar intake and craving can occur during alcohol withdrawal in humans we conducted a prospective, observational study in a university hospital addictions treatment center. Recruited patients had severe alcohol use disorder, were hospitalized for 7 days in the short-stay unit for alcohol withdrawal and then for 6 weeks in the rehabilitation unit. During the hospital stay, they had no access to alcohol but had full access to sweet products and beverages in a shop and vending machines located inside the hospital. Alcohol craving was assessed using a visual analogue scale on days 1, 15 and 45. Sugar craving, sweet products stored by patients in their rooms and weight were assessed on the same days. Thirty-five patients were included. Sugar craving increased in 14 patients during the hospital stay while no change was observed in the remaining 21. Significant increases in both the amounts of sweet products stored in the patients' rooms (p

Published
2020
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3. Recognition of Elicitors in Grapevine: From MAMP and DAMP Perception to Induced Resistance

Author

Marie-Claire Héloir, Marielle Adrian, Daphnée Brulé, Justine Claverie, Sylvain Cordelier, Xavier Daire, Stéphan Dorey, Adrien Gauthier, Christelle Lemaître-Guillier, Jonathan Negrel, Lucie Trdá, Sophie Trouvelot, Elodie Vandelle, Benoit Poinssot, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes - EA 4707 (RIBP), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche Vigne et Vins de Champagne Stress et Environnement - EA 4707 (URVVC), Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Poinssot, Benoît, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IEB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), ANRFrench National Research Agency (ANR), FederEuropean Union (EU), Regional Council of Bourgogne Franche-ComteRegion Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Bureau Interprofessionnel des Vins de Bourgogne, and MESRI (Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Damp, Vitis vinifera, innate immunity, defense responses, Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR), MicrobeAssociated Molecular Pattern (MAMP), Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMP), Induced Resistance (IR), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MicrobeAssociated Molecular Pattern (MAMP), Context (language use), Plant Science, Review, Biology, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, Microbe-Associated Molecular Pattern (MAMP), Plant defense against herbivory, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, MAMP, innate immunity, Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMP), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Innate immune system, fungi, defense responses, induced resistance (IR), damage-associated molecular pattern (damp), microbe-associated molecular pattern (mamp), pattern recognition receptor (prr), vitis vinifera, Pattern recognition receptor, food and beverages, Induced Resistance (IR), Elicitor, Cell biology, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, 030104 developmental biology, Vitis vinifera, Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; In a context of a sustainable viticulture, the implementation of innovative eco-friendly strategies, such as elicitor-triggered immunity, requires a deep knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine defense activation, from pathogen perception to resistance induction. During plant-pathogen interaction, the first step of plant defense activation is ensured by the recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns, which are elicitors directly derived from pathogenic or beneficial microbes. Vitis vinifera, like other plants, can perceive elicitors of different nature, including proteins, amphiphilic glycolipid, and lipopeptide molecules as well as polysaccharides, thanks to their cognate pattern recognition receptors, the discovery of which recently began in this plant species. Furthermore, damage-associated molecular patterns are another class of elicitors perceived by V. vinifera as an invader's hallmark. They are mainly polysaccharides derived from the plant cell wall and are generally released through the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes secreted by microbes. Elicitor perception and subsequent activation of grapevine immunity end in some cases in efficient grapevine resistance against pathogens. Using complementary approaches, several molecular markers have been identified as hallmarks of this induced resistance stage. This review thus focuses on the recognition of elicitors by Vitis vinifera describing the molecular mechanisms triggered from the elicitor perception to the activation of immune responses. Finally, we discuss the fact that the link between elicitation and induced resistance is not so obvious and that the formulation of resistance inducers remains a key step before their application in vineyards.

Published
2019
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4. Author Correction: Genome sequencing and population genomic analyses provide insights into the adaptive landscape of silver birch

Author

Balamuralikrishna Jayaprakash, Kurt V. Fagerstedt, Jorma Vahala, Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi, Courtney A. Hollender, Moona Rahikainen, Peter J. Gollan, Tiina Blomster, Ville Pennanen, Alexey Shapiguzov, Matti Rousi, Adrien Gauthier, Sirpa Kärenlampi, Raili Ruonala, Timo Sipilä, Mikael Brosché, Leila Kauppinen, Juan de Dios Barajas-López, Tuula Puhakainen, Kirk Overmyer, Airi Lamminmäki, Omid Safronov, Ari Pekka Mähönen, Kean-Jin Lim, Annikki Welling, Ykä Helariutta, Martin Lascoux, Colin T. Kelleher, Ali Amiryousefi, Katriina Mouhu, Fred O. Asiegbu, Johanna Leppälä, Ülo Niinemets, Pezhman Safdari, Pauliina Halimaa, Sari Kontunen-Soppela, Gugan Eswaran, Pekka Heino, Juan Antonio Alonso Serra, Fuqiang Cui, Juha Mikola, Jarkko Salojärvi, Lidia Vetchinnikova, Sacha Escamez, Hiroaki Fujii, Daniel Blande, Juha Immanen, Péter Poczai, Viivi Ahonen, Alan H. Schulman, Pasi Rastas, Chris Dardick, Matleena Punkkinen, Kristiina Himanen, Jaakko Tanskanen, Christiaan van der Schoot, Sanna Ehonen, Elina Oksanen, Anna Kärkönen, Victor A. Albert, Suvi Sutela, Olli-Pekka Smolander, Lee Macpherson, Michael Wrzaczek, E. Tapio Palva, Maija Sierla, Boy J.H.M. Possen, Juhana Kammonen, Sitaram Rajaraman, Paula Elomaa, Tianying Lan, Enjun Xu, Olga Blokhina, Suvi K. Broholm, Kaisa Nieminen, J. Patrik Koskinen, Jaakko Kangasjärvi, Risto Hagqvist, Lars Paulin, Arja Tervahauta, Aleksia Vaattovaara, Andriy Kovalchuk, Leila Pazouki, Petri Auvinen, Teemu H. Teeri, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Department of Zoology [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Division of Plant Physiology, University of Helsinki, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, University of Turku, University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Natural Resources Institute Finland, University of Oulu, Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, Department of Biological Sciences [Buffalo], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), and Natural resources institute Finland

Subjects
Mutation rate, Fitness landscape, Population, Adaptation, Biological, Mistake, Computational biology, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, DNA sequencing, Interpretation (model theory), [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Duplication, Genetics, Author Correction, education, Betula, Finland, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, Population Density, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Notice, Published Erratum, Genetics, Population, Genome, Plant, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Silver birch (Betula pendula) is a pioneer boreal tree that can be induced to flower within 1 year. Its rapid life cycle, small (440-Mb) genome, and advanced germplasm resources make birch an attractive model for forest biotechnology. We assembled and chromosomally anchored the nuclear genome of an inbred B. pendula individual. Gene duplicates from the paleohexaploid event were enriched for transcriptional regulation, whereas tandem duplicates were overrepresented by environmental responses. Population resequencing of 80 individuals showed effective population size crashes at major points of climatic upheaval. Selective sweeps were enriched among polyploid duplicates encoding key developmental and physiological triggering functions, suggesting that local adaptation has tuned the timing of and cross-talk between fundamental plant processes. Variation around the tightly-linked light response genes PHYC and FRS10 correlated with latitude and longitude and temperature, and with precipitation for PHYC. Similar associations characterized the growth-promoting cytokinin response regulator ARR1, and the wood development genes KAK and MED5A.

Published
2019
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5. Rho-of-plant activated root hair formation requires Arabidopsis YIP4a/b gene function

Author

Nicolas Esnay, Thomas Vain, Xie Dang, Anna Gustavsson, Anirban Baral, Stéphane Claverol, Thomas Stanislas, Markus Grebe, Delphine Gendre, Deshu Lin, Yohann Boutté, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao, Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Biologie végétale intégrative (BVI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, UMR 5200 Membrane Biogenesis Laboratory, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Centre Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CGFB), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux Ségalen [Bordeaux 2], ShapeSystems KAW 2012.0050, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, and Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GTPase, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Root hair, ROP, YIP, Secretion, Trans-Golgi network, sécrétion, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Arabidopsis, ddc:570, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Tip growth, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Polarity (international relations), poil radiculaire, biology, integumentary system, Biologie du développement, Golgi apparatus, biology.organism_classification, Development Biology, Cell biology, symbols, Utvecklingsbiologi, sense organs, Developmental biology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

International audience; Root hairs are protrusions from root epidermal cells with crucial roles in plant soil interactions. Although much is known about patterning, polarity and tip growth of root hairs, contributions of membrane trafficking to hair initiation remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the trans-Golgi network-localized YPT-INTERACTING PROTEIN 4a and YPT-INTERACTING PROTEIN 4b (YIP4a/b) contribute to activation and plasma membrane accumulation of Rho-of-plant (ROP) small GTPases during hair initiation, identifying YIP4a/b as central trafficking components in ROP-dependent root hair formation.

Published
2019
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6. Étude comparée du rôle des exsudats racinaires de pois (Pisum sativum) et de féverole (Vicia faba) durant les premières phases d’infection par Aphanomyces euteiches, agent pathogène de la pourriture racinaire du pois

Author

Laloum, Yohana, Gangneux, Christophe, Lanoue, Arnaud, Munsch, Thibaut, Gauthier, Adrien, Trinsoutrot-Gattin, Isabelle, Boulogne, Isabelle, Vicre-Gibouin, Maite, Driouich, Azeddine, Laval, Karine, Follet-Gueye, Marie-Laure, Laboratoire d’écologie microbienne (BioSol), École supérieure d'ingénieurs et de techniciens pour l'agriculture (ESITPA), Biomolécules et biotechnologies végétales (BBV EA 2106), Université de Tours, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale (Glyco-MEV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Tours (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), and Laloum, Yohana

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

7. The Sulfated Laminarin Triggers a Stress Transcriptome before Priming the SA- and ROS-Dependent Defenses during Grapevine's Induced Resistance against Plasmopara viticola

Author

Adrien Gauthier, Sophie Trouvelot, Jani Kelloniemi, Patrick Frettinger, David Wendehenne, Xavier Daire, Jean-Marie Joubert, Alberto Ferrarini, Massimo Delledonne, Victor Flors, Benoit Poinssot, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoires Goëmar, University of Verona (UNIVR), Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Area de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat Jaume I, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Università degli Studi di Verona

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, beta-Glucans, lcsh:Medicine, Crops, Cyclopentanes, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Fruits, Agricultural Production, Integrated Control, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stress, Physiological, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant Immunity, Vitis, Oxylipins, lcsh:Science, Biology, Glucans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Disease Resistance, Plant Diseases, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Cell Death, Plant Biochemistry, lcsh:R, 010401 analytical chemistry, Cell Membrane, Crop Diseases, Correction, Agriculture, Organic Farming, Sustainable Agriculture, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Oomycetes, lcsh:Q, Pest Control, Agrochemicals, Reactive Oxygen Species, Salicylic Acid, Transcriptome, 010606 plant biology & botany, Research Article, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is susceptible to many pathogens which cause significant losses to viticulture worldwide. Chemical control is available, but agro-ecological concerns have raised interest in alternative methods, especially in triggering plant immunity by elicitor treatments. The β-glucan laminarin (Lam) and its sulfated derivative (PS3) have been previously demonstrated to induce resistance in grapevine against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). However, if Lam elicits classical grapevine defenses such as oxidative burst, pathogenesis-related (PR)-proteins and phytoalexin production, PS3 triggered grapevine resistance via a poorly understood priming phenomenon. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular mechanisms of the PS3-induced resistance. For this purpose we studied i) the signaling events and transcriptome reprogramming triggered by PS3 treatment on uninfected grapevine, ii) grapevine immune responses primed by PS3 during P. viticola infection. Our results showed that i) PS3 was unable to elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration variations, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation but triggered a long lasting plasma membrane depolarization in grapevine cells, ii) PS3 and Lam shared a common stress-responsive transcriptome profile that partly overlapped the salicylate- (SA) and jasmonate-(JA)-dependent ones. After P. viticola inoculation, PS3 specifically primed the SA- and ROS-dependent defense pathways leading to grapevine induced resistance against this biotroph. Interestingly pharmacological approaches suggested that the plasma membrane depolarization and the downstream ROS production are key events of the PS3-induced resistance.

Published
2018
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8. Toward the Standardization of Mycological Examination of Sputum Samples in Cystic Fibrosis : Results from a French Multicenter Prospective Study

Author

Lafarge, Céline, Pontoire, Bruno, Cayot, Nathalie, Le Bail, Patricia, Coron, Noémie, Pihet, Marc, Fréalle, Emilie, Lemeille, Yolande, Pinel, Claudine, Pelloux, Hervé, Gargala, Gilles, Favennec, Loïc, Accoceberry, Isabelle, Durand-Joly, Isabelle, Dalle, Frédéric, Huet, Frédéric, Fanton, Annlyse, Boldron, Amale, Loeuille, Guy-André, Domblides, Philippe, Coltey, Bérengère, Pin, Isabelle, Llerena, Catherine, Troussier, Françoise, Person, Christine, Marguet, Christophe, Wizla, Nathalie, Thumerelle, Caroline, Turck, Dominique, Bui, Stéphanie, Fayon, Michael, Duhamel, Alain, Prévotat, Anne, Leroy, Sylvie, Wallaert, Benoit, Bouchara, Jean-Philippe, Delhaes, Laurence, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, ATOMycA (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie (Parasito - Myco - LILLE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie (UGA UFRP), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Pôle Biologie, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU Grenoble, CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité (MCMP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interactions Muqueuses Agents Transmissibles (LIMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose [CHU Dijon] (CRCM ), CHU Bordeaux, Ctr Rech Mucoviscidose CRCM Adulte, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CRCM Adulte [Grenoble], Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de pédiatrie générale et maladies infectieuses, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique [Angers], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Centre Robert Debré, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service de pédiatrie médicale et médecine de l'adolescent [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Clinique de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Pediatrics, CHU Bordeaux, Dept Pediat CRCM, INSERM Ctr Invest Clin CIC5, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble (IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Pneumologie, Hôpital A. Calmette, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU de Nice), Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie [CHU LIlle], Pole Cardio-vasculaire et pulmonaire [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Parasitologie et de Mycologie [Lille], Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CRCTB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), French Ministry of Health and Research (PHRC N°2006/1902), the association 'Vaincre la Mucoviscidose' (Defeat Cystic Fibrosis) (MucoFong and Mucofong-ATF N8 2006/351), the Pharmaceutical Division of Pfizer France (Nu 2006/158), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), ATIP AVENIR / ATOMycA (CRCINA - Département INCIT - Equipe 6), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service de Pédiatrie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose [Dijon], Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU LIlle], Institut de Microbiologie [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), université de Bourgogne, PAM, Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Université de Bordeaux (UB), CH Dunkerque, Centre de Recherche en Chimie Moléculaire (CRCM), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de Recherche sur les Antimicrobiens et les Micro-Organismes (GRAM 1.0), CHU Lille, CIC Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche en Informatique Médicale [Lille] (CERIM), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages ( BIA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), ATIP AVENIR / ATOMycA ( CRCINA - Département INCIT - Equipe 6 ), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers ( CRCINA ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes ( IRS-UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ) -Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes ( IRS-UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite ( GEIHP ), Université d'Angers ( UA ), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie ( Parasito - Myco - LILLE ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Pharmacie ( UGA UFRP ), Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition ( ADEN ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Microbiologie cellulaire et moléculaire et pathogénicité ( MCMP ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interactions Muqueuses Agents Transmissibles ( LIMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers-Centre Robert Debré, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers ( CHU Angers ), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans ( UNAM ), CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble ( IMAG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice ( CHU de Nice ), Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] ( CRCTB ), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiological Techniques, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Filamentous fungi, Adolescent, Veterinary (miscellaneous), Lung mycobiota, 030106 microbiology, Biology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Cystic fibrosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Molds, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Medical microbiology, Exophiala, Mycological examination, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Child, Candida albicans, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aspergillus, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Fungi, Sputum, Scedosporium apiospermum, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.MYC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Corpus albicans, 030104 developmental biology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

IF 1.710; International audience; Fungal respiratory colonization of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients emerges as a new concern; however, the heterogeneity of mycological protocols limits investigations. We first aimed at setting up an efficient standardized protocol for mycological analysis of CF sputa that was assessed during a prospective, multicenter study: “MucoFong” program (PHRC-06/1902). Sputa from 243 CF patients from seven centers in France were collected over a 15-month period and submitted to a standardized protocol based on 6 semi-selective media. After mucolytic pretreatment, sputa were plated in parallel on cycloheximide-enriched (ACT37), erythritol-enriched (ERY37), benomyl dichloran–rose bengal (BENO37) and chromogenic (CAN37) media incubated at 37 °C and on Sabouraud–chloramphenicol (SAB27) and erythritol-enriched (ERY27) media incubated at 20–27 °C. Each plate was checked twice a week during 3 weeks. Fungi were conventionally identified; time for detection of fungal growth was noted for each species. Fungal prevalences and media performances were assessed; an optimal combination of media was determined using the Chi-squared automatic interaction detector method. At least one fungal species was isolated from 81% of sputa. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species (58.8%), followed by Aspergillus fumigatus (35.4%). Cultivation on CAN37, SAB27, ACT37 and ERY27 during 16 days provided an optimal combination, detecting C. albicans, A. fumigatus, Scedosporium apiospermum complex and Exophiala spp. with sensitivities of 96.5, 98.8, 100 and 100%. Combination of these four culture media is recommended to ensure the growth of key fungal pathogens in CF respiratory specimens. The use of such consensual protocol is of major interest for merging results from future epidemiological studies.

Published
2018
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9. Purification of a 47-kDa calmodulin-binding polypeptide as an actin-binding protein from Neurospora crassa

Author

François Barja, Nicolas Capelli, Gilbert Turian, Jean Monnat, Diederik Van Tuinen, Ruben Ortega Pérez, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Hyphal growth, inorganic chemicals, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Calmodulin, Cellular localization, Blotting, Western, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Actin-binding protein, Neurospora crassa, 03 medical and health sciences, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Genetics, Binding site, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Molecular Biology, Actin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Binding Sites, biology, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, fungi, Crassa, biology.organism_classification, Chromatography, Agarose, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Actins, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, ddc:580, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Peptides, Protein Binding, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

We have enriched a 47-kDa polypeptide (p47) from Neurospora crassa on the basis of its affinity to calmodulin. The p47 was purified to homogeneity by chromatography on a Mono S cation exchange column and evidence is presented that the polypeptide co-sediments specifically with F-actin. The intracellular distribution of p47 and actin was also examined using indirect double immunofluorescence staining of cells at different stages of development. Our results suggest that by altering the conformation binding site of actin to p47, calmodulin could play a regulatory role in the polarized hyphal growth of N. crassa.

Published
2017

10. A Key Role for Apoplastic H 2 O 2 in Norway Spruce Phenolic Metabolism

Author

Teemu H. Teeri, Kean-Jin Lim, Kaloian Iliev Nickolov, Günter Brader, Adrien Gauthier, Kris Morreel, Bastian Schiffthaler, Nathaniel R. Street, Nicolas Delhomme, Anna Kärkönen, Wout Boerjan, Teresa Laitinen, Dept Plant Syst Biol, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT), Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Center for Plant Systems Biology (PSB Center), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie [Ghent, Belgique] (VIB), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Systems Biology, and State University of Ghent

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, BENZYLIC ETHER REDUCTASE, Physiology, CULTURES, macromolecular substances, Plant Science, TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY, PEROXIDASES, 01 natural sciences, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, CONIFERYL ALCOHOL, LIGNIN BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY, Genetics, CELL-SUSPENSION, Lignin, Shikimate pathway, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, OXIDATIVE STRESS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Chemistry, TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION, fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, food and beverages, Metabolism, PICEA-ABIES, Apoplast, GENE REGULATORY NETWORK, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Monolignol, CLASS-III, 010606 plant biology & botany, Coniferyl alcohol, Peroxidase
Abstract

Apoplastic events such as monolignol oxidation and lignin polymerization are difficult to study in intact trees. To investigate the role of apoplastic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in gymnosperm phenolic metabolism, an extracellular lignin-forming cell culture of Norway spruce (Picea abies) was used as a research model. Scavenging of apoplastic H2O2 by potassium iodide repressed lignin formation, in line with peroxidases activating monolignols for lignin polymerization. Time-course analyses coupled to candidate substrate-product pair network propagation revealed differential accumulation of low-molecular-weight phenolics, including (glycosylated) oligolignols, (glycosylated) flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins, in lignin-forming and H2O2-scavenging cultures and supported that monolignols are oxidatively coupled not only in the cell wall but also in the cytoplasm, where they are coupled to other monolignols and proanthocyanidins. Dilignol glycoconjugates with reduced structures were found in the culture medium, suggesting that cells are able to transport glycosylated dilignols to the apoplast. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that scavenging of apoplastic H2O2 resulted in remodulation of the transcriptome, with reduced carbon flux into the shikimate pathway propagating down to monolignol biosynthesis. Aggregated coexpression network analysis identified candidate enzymes and transcription factors for monolignol oxidation and apoplastic H2O2 production in addition to potential H2O2 receptors. The results presented indicate that the redox state of the apoplast has a profound influence on cellular metabolism.

Published
2017
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11. Genome sequencing and population genomic analyses provide insights into the adaptive landscape of silver birch

Author

Airi Lamminmäki, Colin T. Kelleher, Petri Auvinen, Olga Blokhina, Peter J. Gollan, Jaakko Kangasjärvi, Pekka Heino, Hiroaki Fujii, Suvi K. Broholm, Mikael Brosché, Adrien Gauthier, Victor A. Albert, Juhana Kammonen, Suvi Sutela, Leila Pazouki, Olli-Pekka Smolander, Paula Elomaa, Tianying Lan, Ykä Helariutta, Sitaram Rajaraman, Risto Hagqvist, Ali Amiryousefi, Péter Poczai, Maija Sierla, Viivi Ahonen, Jorma Vahala, Fred O. Asiegbu, Enjun Xu, Leila Kauppinen, Jarkko Salojärvi, Ülo Niinemets, Sari Kontunen-Soppela, Alan H. Schulman, Arja Tervahauta, Aleksia Vaattovaara, Kristiina Himanen, Lars Paulin, Johanna Leppälä, E. Tapio Palva, Annikki Welling, Jaakko Tanskanen, Juha Mikola, Daniel Blande, Raili Ruonala, Teemu H. Teeri, Christiaan van der Schoot, Sanna Ehonen, Kaisa Nieminen, Fuqiang Cui, Kurt V. Fagerstedt, Katriina Mouhu, Michael Wrzaczek, Pezhman Safdari, Gugan Eswaran, Andriy Kovalchuk, Elina Oksanen, Lee Macpherson, Pauliina Halimaa, Anna Kärkönen, Kean-Jin Lim, Balamuralikrishna Jayaprakash, J. Patrik Koskinen, Chris Dardick, Matleena Punkkinen, Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi, Juan de Dios Barajas-López, Pasi Rastas, Ari Pekka Mähönen, Courtney A. Hollender, Tiina Blomster, Timo Sipilä, Lidia Vetchinnikova, Tuula Puhakainen, Moona Rahikainen, Sirpa Kärenlampi, Omid Safronov, Ville Pennanen, Alexey Shapiguzov, Matti Rousi, Sacha Escamez, Juha Immanen, Kirk Overmyer, Martin Lascoux, Juan Antonio Alonso Serra, Boy J.H.M. Possen, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Department of Zoology [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Division of Plant Physiology, University of Helsinki, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, University of Turku, University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Natural Resources Institute Finland, University of Oulu, Department of Ecology and Genetics [Uppsala] (EBC), Uppsala University, Department of Biological Sciences [Buffalo], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Natural resources institute Finland, Ympäristö- ja biotieteiden laitos / Toiminta, Biosciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioinformatics for Molecular Biology and Genomics (BMBG), Plant-Fungal Interactions Group, Plant ROS-Signalling, Department of Forest Sciences, Frederick Asiegbu / Principal Investigator, Forest Ecology and Management, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Plant stress and natural variation, Plant Biology, Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), Asteraceae developmental biology and secondary metabolism, Plant Production Sciences, Pekka Heino / Principal Investigator, Tapio Palva Research Group, Genetics, Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial Interactions Research Group, Ari Pekka Mähönen / Principal Investigator, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botany, Embryophylo, Teemu Teeri / Principal Investigator, Receptor-Ligand Signaling Group, Alan Schulman / Principal Investigator, DNA Sequencing and Genomics, and Yrjö Helariutta / Principal Investigator

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Germplasm, FLOWERING TIME, Plant genetics, Population genetics, Population, Genomics, CAMBIAL ACTIVITY, Genome, DNA sequencing, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, PHYTOCHROME-C, CYTOKININ, PLANTS, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, BETULA-PUBESCENS, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, ta1184, ta1183, fungi, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, food and beverages, Betula pubescens, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, EVOLUTION, SIZE, 030104 developmental biology, Betula pendula, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA
Abstract

Silver birch (Betula pendula) is a pioneer boreal tree that can be induced to flower within 1 year. Its rapid life cycle, small (440-Mb) genome, and advanced germplasm resources make birch an attractive model for forest biotechnology. We assembled and chromosomally anchored the nuclear genome of an inbred B. pendula individual. Gene duplicates from the paleohexaploid event were enriched for transcriptional regulation, whereas tandem duplicates were overrepresented by environmental responses. Population resequencing of 80 individuals showed effective population size crashes at major points of climatic upheaval. Selective sweeps were enriched among polyploid duplicates encoding key developmental and physiological triggering functions, suggesting that local adaptation has tuned the timing of and cross-talk between fundamental plant processes. Variation around the tightly-linked light response genes PHYC and FRS10 correlated with latitude and longitude and temperature, and with precipitation for PHYC. Similar associations characterized the growth-promoting cytokinin response regulator ARR1, and the wood development genes KAK and MED5A., published version, peerReviewed

Published
2017
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12. Plastids of Marine Phytoplankton Produce Bioactive Pigments and Lipids

Author

Damien Loizeau, Isabelle Poirier, Parisa Heydarizadeh, Martine Bertrand, Virginie Mimouni, Lionel Ulmann, Benoît Schoefs, FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral (IUML), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Institut national des sciences et techniques de la mer (INTECHMER), Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160 (MMS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), University of Gothenburg (GU), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Pharmaceutical Science, Review, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Photosynthesis, cyanobacteria, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Discovery, Terrestrial plant, Phytoplankton, Botany, Animals, Humans, Seawater, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 14. Life underwater, Plastid, lcsh:QH301-705.5, plastids, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Biological Products, 0303 health sciences, biology, ved/biology, microalgae, carotenoids, Pigments, Biological, biology.organism_classification, Lipids, Light intensity, tetrapyrroles, Membrane, lcsh:Biology (General), chemistry, polyunsaturated fatty acids, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Phytoplankton is acknowledged to be a very diverse source of bioactive molecules. These compounds play physiological roles that allow cells to deal with changes of the environmental constrains. For example, the diversity of light harvesting pigments allows efficient photosynthesis at different depths in the seawater column. Identically, lipid composition of cell membranes can vary according to environmental factors. This, together with the heterogenous evolutionary origin of taxa, makes the chemical diversity of phytoplankton compounds much larger than in terrestrial plants. This contribution is dedicated to pigments and lipids synthesized within or from plastids/photosynthetic membranes. It starts with a short review of cyanobacteria and microalgae phylogeny. Then the bioactivity of pigments and lipids (anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-allergic activities, and cardio-neuro-, hepato-and photoprotective effects), alone or in combination, is detailed. To increase the cellular production of bioactive compounds, specific culture conditions may be applied (e.g., high light intensity, nitrogen starvation). Regardless of the progress made in blue biotechnologies, OPEN ACCESS Mar. Drugs 2013, 11 3426 the production of bioactive compounds is still limited. However, some examples of large scale production are given, and perspectives are suggested in the final section.

Published
2013
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13. There's More to the Picture Than Meets the Eye: Nitric Oxide Cross Talk with Ca2+ Signaling

Author

Sumaira Rasul, Jeremy Astier, Wei Ma, David Wendehenne, Pauline Trapet, Sylvain Jeandroz, Angélique Besson-Bard, Gerald A. Berkowitz, Olivier Lamotte, Valérie Nicolas-Francès, Stéphane Bourque, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, University of Connecticut (UCONN), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant no. BLAN07-2_184783 PIANO), La Region de Bourgogne (PARI AGRALE 8 project to O.L.), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. 1146827)., Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire Management et Relations internationales, ESG, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie ( PMEBBCE ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique ( LMFA ), École Centrale de Lyon ( ECL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, calmodulin, Cell signaling, Calmodulin, Physiology, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Nanotechnology, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Nitric oxide, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [ SDV.SA.AGRO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, plant defense, Genetics, Plant defense against herbivory, Ion channel, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, cell signalling, Biotic stress, Cell biology, chemistry, protein S-nitrosylation, gene expression, biology.protein, plant immunity, Signal transduction, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Calcium and nitric oxide (NO) are two important biological messengers. Increasing evidence indicates that Ca2+ and NO work together in mediating responses to pathogenic microorganisms and microbe-associated molecular patterns. Ca2+ fluxes were recognized to account for NO production, whereas evidence gathered from a number of studies highlights that NO is one of the key messengers mediating Ca2+ signaling. Here, we present a concise description of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross talk between Ca2+ and NO in plant cells exposed to biotic stress. Particular attention will be given to the involvement of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels and Ca2+ sensors. Notably, we provide new evidence that calmodulin might be regulated at the posttranslational level by NO through S-nitrosylation. Furthermore, we report original transcriptomic data showing that NO produced in response to oligogalacturonide regulates the expression of genes related to Ca2+ signaling. Deeper insight into the molecules involved in the interplay between Ca2+ and NO not only permits a better characterization of the Ca2+ signaling system but also allows us to further understand how plants respond to pathogen attack.

Published
2013
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14. PO² - A Process and Observation Ontology in Food Science. Application to Dairy Gels

Author

Ibanescu, Liliana, Dibie, Juliette, Dervaux, Stephane, Guichard, Elisabeth, Raad, Joe, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées ( MIA-Paris ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB )

Subjects
[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs], Ontology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Domain ontology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Process and Observation Ontology, computer science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

Chapter 13 10th International Conference, MTSR 2016, Göttingen, Germany, November 22-25, 2016, Proceedings; International audience; This paper focuses on the knowledge representation task for an interdisciplinary project called Delicious concerning the production and transformation processes in food science. The originality of this project is to combine data from different disciplines like food composition, food structure, sensorial perception and nutrition. Available data sets are described using different vocabularies and are stored in different formats. Therefore there is a need to define an ontology, called PO2PO2 (Process and Observation Ontology), as a common and standardized vocabulary for this project. The scenario 6 of the NeON methodology was used for building PO2PO2 and the core component is implemented in OWL. By making use of PO2PO2 , data from the project were structured and an use case is presented here. PO2PO2 aims to play a key role as the representation layer of the querying and simulation systems of Delicious project.

Published
2016
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15. Burial behaviour by dealates of the termite Pseudacanthotermes spiniger (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) induced by chemical signals from termite corpses

Author

Etienne Sémon, Christian Bordereau, Thomas Chouvenc, Alain Robert, Department of Entomology and Nematology (DEN), University of Florida [Gainesville], Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Robert, Alain, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Department of Entomology and Nematology ( DEN ), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux ( Bioemco ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, Ecology, Pathogens Semiochemicals Imago Incipient colony Pleometrosis, education, fungi, Cannibalism, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010602 entomology, Necrophoresis, Termitidae, Nest, Insect Science, Pseudacanthotermes spiniger, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Macrotermitinae, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

In order to maintain healthy colonies, termite workers dispose of the cadavers of dead nest mates by cannibalism, burial, or necrophoresis. However, when multiple reproductives found a new colony by pleometrosis, there are no worker castes at the early stages of the foundation to eliminate or isolate the corpses. In this study, we showed that in young pleometrotic colonies, reproductives of Pseudacanthotermes spiniger had the ability to perform this task. Because of the claustral conditions, and the potential inability of the dealates to feed on their own, their behaviour was restricted to the burial of the cadaver within the initial chamber. This burial behaviour, previously not reported in the reproductive caste of termites, appeared to be induced by chemical signals released by the corpses during decomposition, among which various fatty acids, indole and phenol were the most active. The burial finally resulted in the physical isolation of corpses, thus reducing the chances for opportunistic pathogens to spread among the rest of the individuals.

Published
2011
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16. Genome size and cytogenetic characterization of three Algerian Retama species

Author

Spencer Brown, Radia Benmiloud-Mahieddine, Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev, Meriem Kaid-Harche, Mona Abirached-Darmency, Université des sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf [Oran] (USTO MB), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, UPR2355 Institut des sciences du végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), La plante et son environnement (IFR87), and Comite Mixte d'Evaluation et de Prospective de Cooperation Interuniversitaire Franco-Algerienne (MDU 530)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Secondary constriction, rDNA, Retama, Locus (genetics), Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular cytogenetics, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Botany, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Genome size, 030304 developmental biology, fish, 0303 health sciences, Retama monosperma, flow cytometry, Forestry, Karyotype, biology.organism_classification, fluorochrome banding, genome size, 010606 plant biology & botany, Satellite chromosome
Abstract

International audience; Thirty-three populations belonging to the three Retama species, Retama monosperma, Retama raetam and Retama sphaerocarpa, were collected to study species differentiation using flow cytometry for 2C DNA assessment and molecular cytogenetics for karyotype organisation. All were 2n=48. Genome size ranged from 1.76 to 1.97 pg and revealed significant intraspecific variation correlated to the geographic distribution of the populations. The number and position of the two ribosomal gene families 5S and 45S were determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, revealing chromosome reorganisation between species. In R. raetam and R. monosperma, the minor 5S loci co-localised with 45S on the satellite chromosome pair. Fluorochrome banding identified GC- and AT-rich DNA regions. In R. monosperma a unique chromomycin positive GC-rich band was observed associated with the secondary constriction. In contrast, an original pattern showing two chromomycin positive bands localised at each side of the extended rDNA locus was observed in R. sphaerocarpa and R. raetam. The polymorphism revealed in our cytogenetic data allowed us to separate the group of R. raetam and R. monosperma from R. sphaerocarpa

Published
2011
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17. Combining ecophysiological modelling and quantitative trait locus analysis to identify key elementary processes underlying tomato fruit sugar concentration

Author

Mathilde Causse, Jean-Paul Bouchet, Michel Génard, Alain Lecomte, Nadia Bertin, Marion Prudent, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), and PL 016214-2

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Physiology, variabilité génétique, INTROGRESSION LINES, Plant Science, fruit load, 01 natural sciences, Solanum chmielewskii, qualité nutritionnelle, tomate, Solanum lycopersicum, SUGAR ACCUMULATION, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, amidon, biology, Assimilate supply, qtl, STARCH ACCUMULATION, food and beverages, charge en fruits, ECOPHYSIOLOGIE, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Research Papers, Botanique, lycopersicon esculentum, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Solanaceae, Botanics, Genotype, Population, Quantitative Trait Loci, Introgression, Quantitative trait locus, 03 medical and health sciences, physiologie végétale, sugar and starch accumulation, Botany, Genetic variation, Genetic variability, Sugar, education, métabolisme, 030304 developmental biology, modélisation, SOLANUM CHMIELEWSKII, ASSIMILATE SUPPLY, DILUTION, FRUIT LOAD, FRUIT QUALITY, GENETIC VARIATION, METABOLISM, MODEL, GENETIQUE, model, Models, Genetic, fungi, fruit quality, nutrition des plantes, biology.organism_classification, dilution, qualité technologique, plante légumière, Fruit, genetic variation, Solanum, metabolism, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; A mechanistic model predicting the accumulation of tomato fruit sugars was developed in order (i) to dissect the relative influence of three underlying processes: assimilate supply (S), metabolic transformation of sugars into other compounds (M), and dilution by water uptake (D); and (ii) to estimate the genetic variability of S, M, and D. The latter was estimated in a population of 20 introgression lines derived from the introgression of a wild tomato species (Solanum chmielewskii) into S. lycopersicum, grown under two contrasted fruit load conditions. Low load systematically decreased D in the whole population, while S and M were targets of genotype×fruit load interactions. The sugar concentration positively correlated to S and D when the variation was due to genetic introgressions, while it positively correlated to S and M when the variation was due to changes in fruit load. Co-localizations between quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for sugar concentration and QTLs for S, M, and D allowed hypotheses to be proposed on the processes putatively involved at the QTLs. Among the five QTLs for sugar concentration, four co-localized with QTLs for S, M, and D with similar allele effects. Moreover, the processes underlying QTLs for sugar accumulation changed according to the fruit load condition. Finally, for some genotypes, the processes underlying sugar concentration compensated in such a way that they did not modify the sugar concentration. By uncoupling genetic from physiological relationships between processes, these results provide new insights into further understanding of tomato fruit sugar accumulation.

Published
2010
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18. Multi-phase cross-correlation method for motion estimation of fertiliser granules during centrifugal spreading

Author

Sebastien Coudert, Michel Paindavoine, Jürgen Vangeyte, Julien Dubois, Jan Pieters, Bilal Hijazi, Frédéric Cointault, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 ( LML ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
business.product_category, Computer science, Cross-correlation, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Image processing, 02 engineering and technology, Motion estimation, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Range (statistics), Computer vision, Fertiliser granules, Spinning, Digital camera, Pixel, business.industry, Process (computing), High-speed images, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Algorithm
Abstract

International audience; Excessive fertiliser use has been a main contributor to the increasing environmental imbalance observed in the past 20 years. Better accuracy in spreading would limit excess fertiliser loss into the environment. Increased accuracy begins by understanding the fertiliser spreading process from the vane to the soil. Our work concentrates on the use of centrifugal spreaders, as these are most commonly used in Europe. Progress in imaging devices and image processing has resulted in the availability of new technologies to use when describing the behaviour of fertiliser granules during ejection from centrifugal spreaders. Fertiliser deposition on the soil can be predicted using a ballistic flight model, but this requires determination of the velocities and the directions of the granules when they leave the spinning disc. This paper presents improvements to the high speed imaging system that we had previously developed, i.e. enhancements to the illumination and the image processing. The illumination of the previous system, which used many separate flashes, did not give consistent illumination. We have improved it by using a stroboscope with power-LEDs, located at 1 m height around the digital camera and controlled by a Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) card. The image processing has been improved by development of a multi-phase method based on a cross-correlation algorithm. We have compared the cross-correlation method to the Markov Random Fields (MRF) method previously implemented. These tests, based on multi-exposure images, revealed that cross-correlation method gives more accurate results than the MRF technique, with guaranteed sub-pixel accuracy. Knowing that an error of one pixel can lead to a prediction error between 200 and 500 mm on the ground, the latter method gives an accuracy range between 0.1 and 0.4 pixels, whereas the MRFs technique is limited to 3 and 9 pixels for the vertical and horizontal components of the velocities, respectively. The sub-pixel accuracy of the new method was proven by applying it on simulated images with known displacements between the grains. By using a realistic spreading model, the simulated images are similar to those obtained with a high speed imaging system. This sub-pixel accuracy now makes it possible to decrease the resolution of the camera to that of a classical high-speed camera. These improvements have created an affordable and durable system appropriate for installation on a spreader. Farmers could use this system to both calibrate the spreader and verify the fertiliser distribution on the ground.

Published
2010
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19. Contrasting weed species composition in perennial alfalfas and six annual crops: implications for integrated weed management

Author

Rainer Waldhardt, Helmut Meiss, Jacques Caneill, Nicolas Munier-Jolain, Safia Mediene, Biologie et Gestion des Adventices ( BGA ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen ( JLU ), UMR211 BIOEMCO Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Biologie et Gestion des Adventices (BGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Perennial plant, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, TEMPORARY GRASSLAND, PERENNIAL FORAGE CROP, ALFALFA, PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, perennial forage crop, luzerne, 01 natural sciences, Poa trivialis, plant community composition, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Galium, Fallopia convolvulus, crop diversification, mauvaise herbe, Cirsium arvense, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Noxious weed, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, temporary grassland, biology.organism_classification, Weed control, rotation culturale, Agricultural sciences, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, europe, Weed, france, alfalfa, Agronomy and Crop Science, Sciences agricoles, Medicago sativa, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Weed communities are most strongly affected by the characteristics and management of the current crop. Crop rotation may thus be used to prevent the repeated selection of particular weed species. While weed communities are frequently compared among annual crops, little is known about the differences between annual and perennial crops that may be included in the rotations. Moreover, nearly all existing studies (17 articles reviewed) are based on local field experiments rather than commercial fields. We compared the weed composition in perennial alfalfas (Medicago sativa) and six annual crops: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), oilseed rape (Brassica napus), pea (Pisum sativum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), maize (Zea mays) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using data from 632 commercial fields in western France. Weed species composition showed the strongest dissimilarities between perennial alfalfas and all annual crops, followed by the well-known differences between autumn- and spring/summer-sown annual crops. Indicator Species Analysis showed that most weed species either preferred perennial alfalfas (including Taraxacum officinale, Veronica persica, Crepis spp., Poa trivialis, Silene latifolia, Capsella bursa-pastoris and Picris spp.) or annual crops (including Mercurialis annua, Galium aparine, Fallopia convolvulus, Chenopodium album and Cirsium arvense). Perennial alfalfas thus suppressed many weeds that are widespread (and sometimes problematic) in annual crops while favouring other species. Shifted weed composition and reduced frequency of several noxious weeds suggest that perennial alfalfas may be used as a valuable part of integrated weed management, reducing the need for herbicides and sustaining plant and animal diversity in agricultural landscapes.

Published
2010
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20. From human to artificial mouth, from basics to results

Author

C. Salles, Patrick Gorria, Jacques Maratray, Jean Jacques Liodenot, Jean-Luc Andrejewski, Patrick Mielle, Joël Liaboeuf, Amparo Tárrega, Etienne Sémon, FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Plateform3D [Dijon - Le Creusot], Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Le Creusot (IUT Le Creusot), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Société d’Accélération du Transfert de Technologie (SATT) Grand Est - Welience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Le Creusot (IUT Le Creusot), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Le Creusot ( IUT Le Creusot ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Société d’Accélération du Transfert de Technologie (SATT) Grand Est - Welience, ProdInra, Migration, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Le Creusot (IUT Le Creusot), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Société d’Accélération du Transfert de Technologie (SATT) Grand Est - Welience-Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), and Alpha MOS France. FRA.

Subjects
MASS SPECTROMETRY, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, AROMA, [ SPI.OTHER ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Artificial mouth, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, MASTICATION, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Materials Chemistry, Food science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Mastication, Flavor, RELEASE, Electronic nose, [SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Chemistry, ELECTRONIC NOSE, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 010401 analytical chemistry, Metals and Alloys, food and beverages, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Food sample, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, FOOD BREAKDOWN, equipment and supplies, Condensed Matter Physics, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Human mouth, SIMULATION, Active cell, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Biological system
Abstract

Papier publié également dans : Proceedings en ligne de American Institute of Physics http://proceedings.aip.org/dbt/dbt.jsp?KEY=APCPCS&Volume=1137&Issue=1 (RN 2508; Sensory perception of the flavor release during the eating of a food piece is highly dependent upon mouth parameters. Major limitations have been reported during in vivo flavor release studies, such as marked intra- and inter-individual variability. To overcome these limitations, a chewing simulator has been developed to mimic the human mastication of food samples. The device faithfully reproduces most of the functions of the human mouth. The active cell comprises several mobile parts that can accurately reproduce shear and compression strengths and tongue functions in real-time, according to data previously collected in vivo. The mechanical functionalities of the system were validated using peanuts, with a fair agreement with the human data. Flavor release can be monitored on-line using either API-MS or chemical sensors, or off-line using HPLC for non-volatile compounds. Couplings to API-MS detectors have shown differences in the kinetics of flavor release, as a function of the food sample composition. Data were also collected for the analysis of taste compounds released during the human chewing but are not available yet for the chewing simulator.

Published
2010
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21. Diversity maintenance and use of Vicia faba L. genetic resources

Author

Xuxiao Zong, Shiying Bao, Michael Baum, M. J. Suso, Mohammed Sadiki, Margarita Vishniakova, Gérard Duc, Bob Redden, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas [Syrie] (ICARDA), Australian Temperate Field Crops Collection, Partenaires INRAE, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II (IAV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, Institute of Crop Sciences of CAAS [Beijing] (ICS CAAS), and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, COLLECTIONS, DIVERSITY, Soil Science, GENOTYPING, 01 natural sciences, PHENOTYPING, Rhizobia, 03 medical and health sciences, FABA BEAN, Genetic variation, Genetic variability, Genotyping, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, business.industry, fungi, GENETIC RESOURCES, food and beverages, Phenotypic trait, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Vicia faba, Biotechnology, Evolutionary biology, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an ancient crop that is represented in collections by cultivated forms only. Botanic and molecular data suggest that the wild ancestor of this species has not yet been discovered or has become extinct. This fact makes ex situ collections more crucial for the present and future breeding activities of this crop, especially when the modernization of agriculture reduces genetic diversity. At the world level, more than 38,000 accession entries are included in at least 37 listed collections. The partial allogamous status of this crop makes maintenance activity of genotypes more expensive and difficult. In addition to the requirement of fixed genotypes to support new association genetics strategies, there is a need for more research on pollinators and maintenance of genetic diversity within populations. A large genetic variability has already been identified in V. faba in terms of floral biology, seed size and composition, and also tolerance to several biotic and abiotic stresses. More knowledge is needed on the interactions of V. faba with parasitic and pollinator insects, on traits related to environmental adaptation and impacts, on nitrogen fixation in interaction with soil Rhizobia and on bioenergy potential, which strengthens the demand for new and large phenotyping actions. Diversity analysis through genotyping is just beginning. The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers has allowed genetic resources to be distinguished according to their geographic origin and the structuring of collections. Conservation of gene sequences among legume species and the rapid discovery of genes (particularly in the model species Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus), together with robotic developments in molecular biology, offer new possibilities for the analysis of sequence diversity for V. faba genes and to evaluate their impact on phenotypic traits. Combined genotyping and phenotyping projects must continue on V. faba so that core collections can be defined; these will help in the discovery of genes and alleles of interest for breeders. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., The contribution of M.J. Suso was partially supported by the RF2006-00002-00-00 project.

Published
2010
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22. Nutritional value of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds for feed and food

Author

Pascal Marget, Paolo Arese, Gérard Duc, Corinne Peyronnet, Benoit Carrouée, Katell Crépon, Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des plantes riches en Protéines (UNIP), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Universita di Torino

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Soil Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, ANIMAL NUTRITION, HUMAN NUTRITION, chemistry.chemical_compound, Divicine, FABA BEAN, FAVISM, Food science, VICIA FABA L, Animal nutrition, Legume, TANNINS, 2. Zero hunger, TECHNOLOGICAL TREATMENTS, Monogastric, 0402 animal and dairy science, Broiler, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040201 dairy & animal science, Vicia faba, Vicine, Human nutrition, Agronomy, chemistry, VICINE/CONVICINE, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a protein-rich legume seed well adapted to most climatic areas of Europe and widely used for feed and food. Even if the seed is generally recognized to be of good nutritional value, existing genetic variability for seed composition offers possibilities for improvement of this trait by breeding. Four major quality types must be distinguished according to the presence or absence of tannins in the integuments and of vicine (V) and convicine (C) in the cotyledons. The nutritional value of diets containing varying amounts of different faba bean cultivars characterized by high or low levels of tannins, and high or low levels of vicine + convicine (VC), has been examined in monogastric animals and ruminants. Low-tannin content generally results in higher protein and energy digestibility for monogastric animals and low VC content has a positive effect on laying hen and broiler production performances. V and C, inactive precursors of divicine and isouramil are redox compounds potentially toxic to human carriers of a widespread genetic deficiency of the erythrocyte (red blood cell, RBC) enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Ingestion of faba beans by these deficient individuals may cause a severe, potentially lethal hemolytic anemia (favism). The mechanism of action of divicine and isouramil in the G6PD-deficient RBC is discussed. Beside the positive impact of using tannin-free varieties in monogastric animals diets, the development of faba bean cultivars with very low levels of VC would represent a real advantage in terms of nutritional performance in poultry diets and of food safety to humans.

Published
2010
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23. Adaptation of Medicago truncatula to nitrogen limitation is modulated via local and systemic nodule developmental responses

Author

Anne Lise Santoni, Marc Lepetit, Sandrine Ruffel, Sylvain Morel, Christophe Salon, Pascal Tillard, Christian Jeudy, Alain Gojon, Etienne-Pascal Journet, Sandra Freixes, Gérard Duc, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Time Factors, Root nodule, Physiology, NODULE N-LIMITATION, Mutant, Stimulation, Plant Science, medicine.disease_cause, Plant Root Nodulation, 01 natural sciences, MESH: Biomass, Biomass, MESH: Medicago truncatula, MESH: Nitrogen, SYSTEMIC SIGNALING, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Nitrogen deficiency, food and beverages, Adaptation, Physiological, Medicago truncatula, Cell biology, MESH: Root Nodules, Plant, MESH: Nitrates, HYPERNODULATING MUTANT, Nitrogen fixation, Root Nodules, Plant, MESH: Plant Root Nodulation, LEGUME, MESH: Mutation, MESH: Carbon, Biology, MESH: Nitrogen Fixation, 03 medical and health sciences, ROOT, Nitrogen Fixation, Botany, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Nitrates, ACL, MESH: Time Factors, fungi, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, Carbon, NITROGEN, NODULE DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, Plant nutrition, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Adaptation of Medicago truncatula to local nitrogen (N) limitation was investigated to provide new insights into local and systemic N signaling. The split-root technique allowed a characterization of the local and systemic responses of NO(3)(-) or N(2)-fed plants to localized N limitation. (15)N and (13)C labeling were used to monitor plant nutrition. Plants expressing pMtENOD11-GUS and the sunn-2 hypernodulating mutant were used to unravel mechanisms involved in these responses. Unlike NO(3)(-)-fed plants, N(2)-fixing plants lacked the ability to compensate rapidly for a localized N limitation by up-regulating the N(2)-fixation activity of roots supplied elsewhere with N. However they displayed a long-term response via a growth stimulation of pre-existing nodules, and the generation of new nodules, likely through a decreased abortion rate of early nodulation events. Both these responses involve systemic signaling. The latter response is abolished in the sunn mutant, but the mutation does not prevent the first response. Local but also systemic regulatory mechanisms related to plant N status regulate de novo nodule development in Mt, and SUNN is required for this systemic regulation. By contrast, the stimulation of nodule growth triggered by systemic N signaling does not involve SUNN, indicating SUNN-independent signaling.

Published
2009
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24. A Medicago truncatula mutant hyper-responsive to mycorrhiza and defective for nodulation

Author

Christine Le Signor, Gérard Duc, Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson, Dominique Morandi, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, GLOMUS INTRARADICES, Mutant, Plant Science, Root system, Coumestrol, Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Symbiosis, Mycorrhizae, Botany, NOD−/+ MUTANT, Genetics, Biomass, MYC++, COUMESTROL, Mycorrhiza, Glomeromycota, Molecular Biology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, chemistry, Mutation, Shoot, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, Plant Shoots, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; One key strategy for the identification of plant genes required for mycorrhizal development is the use of plant mutants affected in mycorrhizal colonisation. In this paper, we report a new Medicago truncatula mutant defective for nodulation but hypermycorrhizal for symbiosis development and response. This mutant, called B9, presents a poor shoot and, especially, root development with short laterals. Inoculation with Glomus intraradices results in significantly higher root colonisation of the mutant than the wild-type genotype A17 (+20% for total root length, +16% for arbuscule frequency in the colonised part of the root, +39% for arbuscule frequency in the total root system). Mycorrhizal effects on shoot and root biomass of B9 plants are about twofold greater than in the wild-type genotype. The B9 mutant of M. truncatula is characterised by considerably higher root concentrations of the phytoestrogen coumestrol and by the novel synthesis of the coumestrol conjugate malonyl glycoside, absent from roots of wild-type plants. In conclusion, this is the first time that a hypermycorrhizal plant mutant affected negatively for nodulation (Myc++, Nod −/+ phenotype) is reported. This mutant represents a new tool for the study of plant genes differentially regulating mycorrhiza and nodulation symbioses, in particular, those related to autoregulation mechanisms.

Published
2009
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25. Effects of varying vicine, convicine and tannin contents of faba bean seeds (Vicia faba L.) on nutritional values for broiler chicken

Author

J. P. Métayer, K. Crépon, M. Vilariño, G. Duc, Station Expérimentale, ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des plantes riches en Protéines (UNIP), UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
FEVE, Biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Animal science, Tannin, Dry matter, Amen, Animal nutrition, TANNINS, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, VICINE, 0402 animal and dairy science, Broiler, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, CONVICINE, 040401 food science, 040201 dairy & animal science, Vicia faba, Vicine, ALIMENT POUR ANIMAUX, Agronomy, chemistry, Polyphenol, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Animal Science and Zoology, BROILER CHICKEN
Abstract

International audience; Faba bean tannins are known to decrease apparent protein digestibility. The vicine and convicine contained in the seeds reduce egg size in laying hens, but their effects in broiler chickens have never been reported. Vicia faba genotypes have been identified which result in a major reduction of these compounds in seeds. Tannins are located in seed hulls whereas vicine and convicine (VC) are located in the cotyledons and therefore they can be separated and re-combined in reconstituted faba beans (RFB) by mixing hulls and cotyledons from genotypes with variable tannin and VC contents, in order to evaluate their effects alone or in interaction. Six RFB were built with high, medium or low tannin contents (means of 9.9,5.8 and 1.3 g/kg, respectively) combined with high or low VC contents (means of 10.1 and 0.7 g/kg, respectively). The six RFB were incorporated in the experimental diets and fed to broiler chickens in a balance experiment to measure apparent protein digestibility and apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn) content. The AMEn was lower for the high- than for the low-tannin RFB (12.08 MJ/kg versus 12.48 MJ/kg DM; P < 0.001). Also, the AMEn was lower for the high- than for the low-VC RFB (11.99 MJ/kg versus 12.34 MJ/kg DM; P < 0.05). The negative effects of the two anti-nutritional factors on energy were additive and a linear regression on their contents explains 80% of the variability. The total tract apparent protein digestibility was lower for the high-than for the low-tannin RFB (0.75 versus 0.86; P < 0.001) with no significant interaction with VC contents, which in contrast have no significant effect on this trait. The results confirm the nutritional advantages of faba bean varieties free of tannins and low in vicine and convicine content in diets for poultry. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2009
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26. Temporal Dominance of Sensations: Construction of the TDS curves and comparison with time-intensity

Author

Christelle Mathonnière, Nicolas Pineau, Pascal Schlich, Sylvie Cordelle, Patrick Etiévant, Michel Rogeaux, Annie Imbert, Sylvie Issanchou, Egon Peter Köster, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nestlé, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Fromageries Bel, Groupe DANONE, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB )

Subjects
030309 nutrition & dietetics, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Sensory system, perception, TIME-INTENSITY, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Perception, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Quality (business), TEMPORAL DOMINANCE OF SENSATIONS, Set (psychology), ARTICLE OUTLINE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Pattern recognition, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, DAIRY PRODUCTS, 040401 food science, Temporal database, Dominance (ethology), Product (mathematics), [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Artificial intelligence, Wine tasting, business, Consumer Science & Intelligent Systems, sweetness, TDS CURVES, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The evaluation of the temporality of the sensory perception in food products is mainly assessed using the time–intensity (TI) methodology. This approach is useful for studying the temporal aspects of the perception of a given sensory attribute in a product. When TI is used for several attributes, it quickly becomes very time-consuming because one run is needed by attribute. A new method of sensory evaluation, called Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS), was proposed by the authors a few years ago [Pineau, N., Cordelle, S., & Schlich, P. (2003a). Temporal Dominance of Sensations: A new technique to record several sensory attributes simultaneously over time. In 5th Pangborn symposium (p. 121). July 20–24]. It makes possible to collect temporal data during one single evaluation for up to 10 attributes on complex food products. The method consists in presenting the entire set of attributes to the panellist on the computer screen. Along the tasting of one product, the panellist has to wonder what the dominant sensory perception is and to select and score the corresponding attribute. Each time the panellist thinks the dominant sensory perception has changed, either in intensity or in quality, he/she has to score the new perception. For each run, this method enables to collect a sequence of sensory attributes (and their respective scoring) quoted at different times along the tasting. Based on one study on five dairy products, this paper explains how to describe the temporality of the sensations in a product thanks to the TDS curves. TI was also performed on the same products to compare the two methodologies. TDS and TI results exhibit close patterns of sensations but TDS is found to better enhance the sequence of the sensations over time.

Published
2009
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27. Dissecting the proteome of pea mature seeds reveals the phenotypic plasticity of seed protein composition

Author

Nicolas Sommerer, Judith Burstin, Françoise Jacquin, Vincent Savois, Céline Henry, Michael Bourgeois, Valérie Labas, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biochimie bactérienne (BIOBAC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Proteomics, 0106 biological sciences, Proteome, Globulin, Environment, CARTE PROTEOMIQUE, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, Sativum, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY, Botany, Storage protein, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, PREMOBILIZATION, Molecular Biology, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Analysis of Variance, 0303 health sciences, biology, Seed Storage Proteins, Peas, food and beverages, Plant physiology, STORAGE PROTEINS, biology.organism_classification, Phenotype, chemistry, PEA SEED PROTEIN COMPOSITION, Germination, Seeds, biology.protein, 2-DE REFERENCE MAP, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the most cultivated European pulse crop and the pea seeds mainly serve as a protein source for monogastric animals. Because the seed protein composition impacts on seed nutritional value, we aimed at identifying the determinants of its variability. This paper presents the first pea mature seed proteome reference map, which includes 156 identified proteins (http://www.inra.fr/legumbase/peaseedmap/). This map provides a fine dissection of the pea seed storage protein composition revealing a large diversity of storage proteins resulting both from gene diversity and post-translational processing. It gives new insights into the pea storage protein processing (especially 7S globulins) as a possible adaptation towards progressive mobilization of the proteins during germination. The nonstorage seed proteome revealed the presence of proteins involved in seed defense together with proteins preparing germination. The plasticity of the seed proteome was revealed for seeds produced in three successive years of cultivation, and 30% of the spots were affected by environmental variations. This work pinpoints seed proteins most affected by environment, highlighting new targets to stabilize storage protein composition that should be further analyzed.

Published
2009
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28. Perception of odor blending mixtures in the newborn rabbit

Author

Gérard Coureaud, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Elodie Le Berre, Benoist Schaal, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur ( FLAVIC ), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB )

Subjects
Male, Associative conditioning, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Olfaction, BLENDING MIXTURE, Unconditioned stimulus, Pheromones, Discrimination Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, RABBIT, Perception, Animals, Food science, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, PERCEPTION, 0303 health sciences, Communication, Chi-Square Distribution, Behavior, Animal, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Smell, Animals, Newborn, Odor, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Odorants, OLFACTION, ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS, Pheromone, Female, Rabbits, Psychology, business, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MAMMARY PHEROMONE, NEWBORN
Abstract

International audience; In adult mammals, the processing of complex odor mixtures is elemental or configural. Here, we challenged these processes in newborn rabbits, in evaluating their perception of a binary odor mixture for which perceptual blending occurs in humans. This model of newborn animal was interesting since general questions remain on how odor cues are processed in immature organisms, and since rabbit pups present abilities of rapid odor learning. In the present study, we first demonstrated (Exp. 1) that rabbit pups rapidly acquired the odor of the binary mixture through associative conditioning (when the mammary pheromone was used as unconditioned stimulus). Then, we compared how they responded to the mixture, its components and the mammary pheromone, after they had learned the mixture or one of its constituents. After they had learned the odor of the mixture, they responded to its odor and the odor of its constituents (Exp. 2). However, after they had learned one constituent's odor, they responded to this odor but not to the mixture's odor (Exp. 3). The response to the mixture appeared nevertheless when pups successively acquired the odor of the two components (Exp. 4). Therefore, both elemental and configural processing of the mixture seem to be displayed by rabbit pups, suggesting that neonatal perception of a simple odor mixture may involve more than the perception of its constituents.

Published
2008
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29. A gene expression atlas of the model legumeMedicago truncatula

Author

Ji He, Andreas Niebel, Jeremy D. Murray, Tancred Frickey, Georg F. Weiller, Jerome Verdier, Hélène Zuber, Yuhong Tang, Sandra Moreau, Ivone Torres-Jerez, Maren Wandrey, Thomas Ott, Patrick X. Zhao, Stacy N. Allen, Andry Andriankaja, Michael K. Udvardi, Vagner A. Benedito, Klementina Kakar, Xinbin Dai, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research School of Biological Sciences, and Australian National University (ANU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, SEED, Gene Expression, Genomics, Plant Science, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, DEVELOPMENT, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Nitrogen Fixation, Databases, Genetic, Botany, Genetics, Cluster Analysis, RNA, Messenger, TRANSCRIPTOME, Symbiosis, Gene, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 030304 developmental biology, Regulator gene, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Medicago, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Plant Leaves, Gene expression profiling, Evolutionary biology, Root Nodules, Plant, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, Transcription Factor Gene, Functional genomics, NODULE, Sinorhizobium meliloti, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Legumes played central roles in the development of agriculture and civilization, and today account for approximately one-third of the world's primary crop production. Unfortunately, most cultivated legumes are poor model systems for genomic research. Therefore, Medicago truncatula, which has a relatively small diploid genome, has been adopted as a model species for legume genomics. To enhance its value as a model, we have generated a gene expression atlas that provides a global view of gene expression in all major organ systems of this species, with special emphasis on nodule and seed development. The atlas reveals massive differences in gene expression between organs that are accompanied by changes in the expression of key regulatory genes, such as transcription factor genes, which presumably orchestrate genetic reprogramming during development and differentiation. Interestingly, many legume-specific genes are preferentially expressed in nitrogen-fixing nodules, indicating that evolution endowed them with special roles in this unique and important organ. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Medicago versus Arabidopsis revealed significant divergence in developmental expression profiles of orthologous genes, which indicates that phylogenetic analysis alone is insufficient to predict the function of orthologs in different species. The data presented here represent an unparalleled resource for legume functional genomics, which will accelerate discoveries in legume biology.

Published
2008
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30. Early development of filial preferences in the rabbit: implications of nursing- and pheromone-induced odour learning?

Author

Guy Perrier, Benoist Schaal, Bruno Patris, Gérard Coureaud, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Gros, Sabine, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD )

Subjects
Communication, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Context (language use), Olfaction, Chemical communication, Preference, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Odor, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Pheromone, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, business, Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Newborn rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, discriminate between different categories of adult conspecifics on the basis of their abdominal odour cues. Whether these cues can support the development of filial preferences has not been adequately tested. Using a two-choice paradigm, we assessed the ability of 3–8-day-old pups to orient selectively to the mother versus an unfamiliar female, either spontaneously or after odour conditioning. In experiment 1, nonconditioned pups roamed indifferently over the mother and an unfamiliar female. In experiment 2, pups conditioned to a neutral odorant while nursing or with the mammary pheromone became attracted by the odorant. In experiment 3, pups that had learned the odorant while nursing oriented for longer to any female carrying it, but the unscented mother and a scented unfamiliar female were equally attractive. Finally, in experiment 4, pups that had learned the odorant paired with the mammary pheromone showed a preference for their scented mother, but not systematically for a scented unfamiliar female; furthermore, they were equally attracted by the unscented mother and a scented unfamiliar female. In sum, pups did not spontaneously evince an olfactory preference for the mother when opposed to an unfamiliar female, although they seemed able to detect individual maternal odours. In fact, they appeared to react to both species-specific cues and individual cues that they had learned, and their responses depended on their degree of familiarity with the cues and on the context. The mammary pheromone by itself might act as both a releasing and a reinforcing signal in these early socially oriented behaviours.

Published
2008
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31. Can the large ecological amplitude of Ambrosia artemisiifolia explain its invasive success in France?

Author

François Bretagnolle, Bruno Chauvel, C Girod, Boris Fumanal, Guillaume Fried, Biologie et Gestion des Adventices (BGA), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, DISTURBED HABITAT, INVASION, Population, Plant Science, Biology, WEED, Generalist and specialist species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, COMMON RAGWEED, Diversity index, Plant life-form, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ecological niche, education.field_of_study, Ecology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Habitat, GENERALIST SPECIES, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, VEGETATION SURVEY, AMBROSIA ARTEMISIIFOLIA L, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

International audience; In order to understand the successful spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in France, the variability of colonised habitat by this species was studied at 48 locations, from its central to peripheral area of distribution. Each site was characterised by a vegetation survey, a description of the A. artemisiifolia population and a soil analysis. Differences in the number of species, Shannon diversity index, evenness index and plant life form spectra were compared among the sites. A total of 276 species occurring along with A. artemisiifolia was observed. Therophytes and hemicryptophytes represented more than 80% of all the species. The two most frequent species occurring along with A. artemisiifolia were Chenopodium album and Polygonum aviculare. Multivariate analysis of vegetation surveys showed that A. artemisiifolia has a wide ecological tolerance. It colonises a large range of disturbed habitats differing in terms of vegetation cover, species composition and type of soil. The present study highlights the potential of A. artemisiifolia for invading spring crops and all semi-natural or disturbed open areas. The success of its ongoing invasion can be explained by both its generalist character and the existence of vacant ecological niches, which are poorly occupied by the French native flora.

Published
2008
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32. In‐fieldTriticum aestivumear counting using colour‐texture image analysis

Author

B. Chopinet, D. Guerin, J.-P. Guillemin, Frédéric Cointault, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Biologie et Gestion des Adventices (BGA), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 02 engineering and technology, Horticulture, Texture (music), 01 natural sciences, Field (computer science), Image (mathematics), SEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION METHODS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, COLOUR IMAGES, HYBRID SPACE, Analysis method, Mathematics, business.industry, Pattern recognition, Image segmentation, WHEAT COUNTING, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, A priori and a posteriori, RGB color model, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, COMPTAGE D'EPIS, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; A colour and texture image analysis method based on the determination of a hybrid space was developed for a feasibility study for the (semi-)automatic counting of Triticum aestivum wheat ears to simplify manual counting. To detect ears, five textural and statistic features, and colour analyses were both used to give a new representation of the images within a specific space (hybrid space). This new representation was constructed with a priori knowledge about the images (especially the number of classes and training points), providing better recognition than in the standard RGB space (Red/Green/Blue). Classical methods of image segmentation and classification, combined with morphological information about wheat ears, were then applied to the new images to assist counting. Only 20 images were tested and classification accuracy ranged from 73% to 85%. The counting information, which needs to be validated on numerous images, will be in future combined with grain counting per ear and thousand-seed weight to obtain an estimation of wheat yields. The resulting information could prove to be relevant, for example, to allow French cooperatives to organise their harvest

Published
2008
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33. In vitro shortening of generation time in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Sergio Ochatt, Rajbir S. Sangwan, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Picloram, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Murashige and Skoog medium, MODEL SPECIES, Botany, SHORT GENERATION CYCLES, Arabidopsis thaliana, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Generation time, ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA, food and beverages, Sowing, Plant physiology, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Germination, IN VITRO FLOWERING AND SEED SET, Silique, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Shortening of generations is very important for gene validation and a rapid exploitation of genetic novelties. Even if the life cycle of Arabidopsis thaliana is theoretically short, shortening it further would be useful. We developed a strategy where seeds germinated on medium with picloram (0.1 mg/l) and benzylaminopurine (0.5 mg/l) set seed about 40-45 days after sowing. Green seeds from immature siliques (second generation) are sown on half-strength, hormone-free MS medium where they flower and fruit much faster than the first generation (between 20 [C24] and 26 [Col] days/generation). A cold treatment was not needed for germination of immature seeds, and the duration of each cycle could thus be halved compared with the first generation. This strategy, allowing comfortably more than 10 generations per year, may be helpful for genetic studies using this model plant species.

Published
2008
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34. Systemic Signaling of the Plant Nitrogen Status Triggers Specific Transcriptome Responses Depending on the Nitrogen Source in Medicago truncatula

Author

Marc Lepetit, Michael K. Udvardi, Christophe Salon, Marie Laure Martin-Magniette, Klementina Kakar, Alain Gojon, Jérôme Gouzy, Margaretha J. van der Merwe, Sandra Freixes, Sandrine Ruffel, Christian Jeudy, Pascal Tillard, Alisdair R. Fernie, Sandrine Balzergue, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, 0106 biological sciences, Transcription, Genetic, Nitrogen, Physiology, Azote, Functional response, Plant Science, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Botany, Gene expression, Medicago, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, RNA, Messenger, Gene, Root N Acquisiton, 030304 developmental biology, Regulator gene, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Medicago Truncatula, ACL, fungi, Nitrogen Source, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Cell biology, Split Root, Rhizobium, Genome, Plant, Signal Transduction, Research Article, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Legumes can acquire nitrogen (N) from NO3 −, NH4 +, and N2 (through symbiosis with Rhizobium bacteria); however, the mechanisms by which uptake and assimilation of these N forms are coordinately regulated to match the N demand of the plant are currently unknown. Here, we find by use of the split-root approach in Medicago truncatula plants that NO3 − uptake, NH4 + uptake, and N2 fixation are under general control by systemic signaling of plant N status. Indeed, irrespective of the nature of the N source, N acquisition by one side of the root system is repressed by high N supply to the other side. Transcriptome analysis facilitated the identification of over 3,000 genes that were regulated by systemic signaling of the plant N status. However, detailed scrutiny of the data revealed that the observation of differential gene expression was highly dependent on the N source. Localized N starvation results, in the unstarved roots of the same plant, in a strong compensatory up-regulation of NO3 − uptake but not of either NH4 + uptake or N2 fixation. This indicates that the three N acquisition pathways do not always respond similarly to a change in plant N status. When taken together, these data indicate that although systemic signals of N status control root N acquisition, the regulatory gene networks targeted by these signals, as well as the functional response of the N acquisition systems, are predominantly determined by the nature of the N source.

Published
2008
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35. Flow cytometry in plant breeding

Author

Sergio Ochatt, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Optics and Photonics, Plant growth, Histology, DNA, Plant, Genotype, TRUE TO TYPENESS, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), Biology, 01 natural sciences, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Immunophenotyping, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Plant science, PHYSICAL MAPPING OF GENOMES, C-DNA CONTENT, CELL WALL FRACTIONS, Plant breeding, Plant metabolism, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, Crosses, Genetic, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Nucleus, PLANT CELL CYTOGENETICS, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Ploidies, Botany, REGENERATION COMPETENCE, food and beverages, Fabaceae, Equipment Design, Cell Biology, Plants, Flow Cytometry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, SOMATIC HYBRIDS, PLOIDY-LEVEL DETERMINATION, CHROMOSOME SORTING, Biochemical engineering, CYTOMETRIE EN FLUX, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Since the first report on the flow cytometric study of plant material 35 years ago, analyzing the nuclear DNA content of field bean, an ever increasing number of applications of FCM has been developed and applied in plant science and industry, but a similar length of time elapsed before the appearance of the first complete volume devoted to FCM of plant cells. Most published information on the uses of FCM addresses various aspects of animal (including human) cell biology, thus failing to provide a pertinent substitute. FCM represents an ideal means for the analysis of both cells and subcellular particles, with a potentially large number of parameters analyzed both rapidly, simultaneously, and quantitatively, thereby furnishing statistically exploitable data and allowing for an accurate and facilitated detection of subpopulations. It is, indeed, the summation of these facts that has established FCM as an important, and sometimes essential, tool for the understanding of fundamental mechanisms and processes underlying plant growth, development, and function. In this review, special attention is paid to FCM as applied to plant cells in the context of plant breeding, and some new and less well-known uses of it for plants will be discussed. (c) 2008 Interoational Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

Published
2008
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36. Effects of repeated exposure on acceptance of initially disliked vegetables in 7-month old infants

Author

Sylvie Issanchou, Andrea Maier, Peter D. Leathwood, Claire Chabanet, Benoist Schaal, FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Nestlé, Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
VEGETABLE, Long lasting, 0303 health sciences, Meal, Nutrition and Dietetics, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Food acceptance, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal science, FOOD ACCEPTANCE, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Weaning, Medicine, WEANING, INFANT, EXPOSURE EFFECT, Food science, business, Food Science
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; In the weeks following the start of weaning, 70 mothers were asked to identify a vegetable purée that their infant disliked and that they normally would not offer again. The 49 who did so were then asked to offer that vegetable on alternate days for 16 days, and to offer a well-liked one (carrot purée) on the other days. Amount eaten and acceptance were measured at each meal. On the first day of exposure, mean intake of the initially disliked vegetable was 39 ± 29 g and of the liked one, 164 ± 73 g (mean ± SD). Over the following days, intake of the initially disliked vegetable increased rapidly and by the eighth exposure was 174 ± 54 g, similar to that of the liked vegetable (186 ± 68 g). A similar pattern of results was found for mother-reported liking ratings. These effects of repeated exposure appear to be long lasting because nine months later, 63% of the infants were still eating and liking the initially disliked vegetable. The present study shows that when a vegetable is initially disliked it is worth persisting in feeding it for at least eight subsequent meals

Published
2007
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37. Relations entre pratiques de finition et performances à l’abattage de vaches de réforme Simmental Française : intérêt du caractère mixte de la race

Author

Claire Gaillard, C. Devevey, J. Blanquet, M. Roux, Stéphane Ingrand, Systèmes d'élevage et Qualité des Animaux et des Viandes, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Mutations des activités des espaces et des formes d'organisation dans les territoires ruraux (UMR METAFORT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles de Clermont-Ferrand (ENITAC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées à l’Informatique et aux Statistiques, Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ), Mutations des activités des espaces et des formes d'organisation dans les territoires ruraux ( METAFORT ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Mutations des activités des espaces et des formes d'organisation dans les territoires ruraux (METAFORT), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 2. Zero hunger, race bovine mixte, performance à l'abattage, vache de réforme, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Sciences agricoles, aptitude bouchère, Agricultural sciences, aptitude laitière, pratique d'élevage
Abstract

L’objectif de ce travail a été d’étudier les performances bouchères de vaches de réforme de race Simmental Française à partir de données d’abattage, puis de les mettre en relation avec les modes de production des animaux appréhendés en amont à travers des enquêtes en élevage. Une Analyse Factorielle Multiple (AFCM) réalisée sur les caractéristiques d’abattage de 2743 vaches de réforme issues de 122 élevages de trois départements (Côte d’Or, Haute-Marne, Jura) a permis de définir quatre profils de performances bouchères, en fonction du poids de carcasse et de la conformation. Une enquête directe dans vingt-cinq élevages, choisis par stratification, a conduit à distinguer par AFCM cinq profils d’exploitations en fonction des pratiques mises en œuvre et des ressources alimentaires mobilisées particulièrement lors de la finition. Le croisement entre ces deux typologies met en évidence une grande diversité dans la valorisation du caractère mixte de la race. La gamme des pratiques d’élevage observées, va du non-engraissement jusqu’au tout-engraissement des vaches de réforme avec des écarts de performances entre groupes extrêmes de 70 kg de poids de carcasse et de plus d’une classe de conformation. Les performances les plus élevées (carcasse de poids>= 380 kg, classée R- à R=) sont associées à une forte mobilisation de ressources alimentaires, notamment l’ensilage de maïs mais également à la mise en œuvre de pratiques spécifiques telles que le tarissement ou la prise en compte des critères de morphologie bouchère dans la sélection des vaches laitières. Les liaisons observées entre pratiques d’élevage et performances révèlent donc différentes logiques de fonctionnement d’élevage mais aussi différentes perceptions des éleveurs concernant le type génétique recherché. Les combinaisons identifiées entre pratiques et niveau de performances semblent configurer un gradient d’expression de la mixité, avec la possibilité de déplacer un curseur situant le niveau d’équilibre lait-viande exprimé par l’éleveur en fonction de ses objectifs et de ses contraintes. Le réglage de ce curseur qui pourrait constituer un atout des races mixtes souligne toutefois la difficulté inhérente à l’élaboration de programmes de sélection, recherchant cet équilibre entre aptitudes laitières et bouchères., This study of relationships between meat results of Simmental culled-cows and fattening practices is based on slaughtering data and surveys on farms. We selected slaughtering data of culled-cows in the French Simmental breed centre area. A first analysis allowed us to differentiate four farm groups on their meat performances (carcass weight and commercial conformation). In a second time, 25 surveys on farms enabled us to make out five groups according to farmer practices, and especially fattening practices. Maize-silage based-rations were associated with higher meat results, nevertheless pasture-based rations could be linked with interesting meat results, when associated with appropriate practices (drying up, attention paid to meat traits in animal breeding). The cros-sing of these two typologies (performances and practices) showed a large variability in dual-purpose situations, from zero fattening to all cows fattening with plenty of food (maize silage, concentrates). The difference between these extreme groups reached 70 kg of carcass weight and about one class of conformation. Among these groups, we can identify different degrees in meat character with this dual- purpose breed, according to assets or limits of livestock farming systems. These degrees showed a certain flexibility in production.

Published
2007
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38. MODELING THE EVOLUTION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF A SENSORY PANEL: A MIXED-MODEL AND CONTROL CHART APPROACH

Author

Claire Chabanet, Nicolas Pineau, Pascal Schlich, Centre Européen des Sciences du Goût (CESG), Université de Bourgogne (UB), FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre des Sciences du Goût (CSG), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mixed model, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Computer science, CONTROL CHART METHOD, computer.software_genre, Standard deviation, Set (abstract data type), 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Control chart, Representation (mathematics), Profiling (computer programming), 0303 health sciences, LINEAR AND QUADRATIC EVOLUTIONS, MIXED-MODEL APPROACH, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Repeatability, 040401 food science, Sensory Systems, Outlier, SENSORY PANEL, Data mining, computer, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; A sensory panel is often used to profile the same type of product with the same set of attributes for many years. We are interested in characterizing the evolution of the performance of such a panel (and its panelists) over time. This article presents a methodology based on a mixed-model approach that takes into account the evolution of both panel and panelist in the same model. At the panel level, linear and quadratic evolutions of the performance are tested. At the panelist level, the method allows detection of whether some panelists perform better than others, and whether this difference remains the same or evolves over time. This mixed-model approach is followed by a graphical representation using a control chart method to identify occasional outliers. Data used to illustrate this methodology are eight sensory profiling data sets collected on ready-made frozen meals between 1997 and 2001 (every 6 months). The performance index chosen as an example in this study is the individual repeatability measured by standard deviation over replicates. A sensory panel is often used to profile the same type of product with the same set of attributes for many years. We are interested in characterizing the evolution of the performance of such a panel (and its panelists) over time. This article presents a methodology based on a mixed-model approach that takes into account the evolution of both panel and panelist in the same model. At the panel level, linear and quadratic evolutions of the performance are tested. At the panelist level, the method allows detection of whether some panelists perform better than others, and whether this difference remains the same or evolves over time. This mixed-model approach is followed by a graphical representation using a control chart method to identify occasional outliers. Data used to illustrate this methodology are eight sensory profiling data sets collected on ready-made frozen meals between 1997 and 2001 (every 6 months). The performance index chosen as an example in this study is the individual repeatability measured by standard deviation over replicates.

Published
2007
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39. Cryptogein-Induced Anion Effluxes

Author

Alain Pugin, Adrien Gauthier, David Wendehenne, Olivier Lamotte, David Reboutier, François Bouteau, ProdInra, Migration, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED (UMR_8236)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Universite de Fribourg, Laboratoire d'Electrophysiologie des Membranes (LEM) EA 3514, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Hypersensitive response, Programmed cell death, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, Biology, Calcium, CELL DEATH, CALCIUM, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, [SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, PLASMA MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, CRYPTOGEIN, food and beverages, Depolarization, Plant cell, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Elicitor, Cell biology, PROTEASES, Electrophysiology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Efflux, Research Paper, ANION CHANNELS
Abstract

Anion effluxes are amongst the earliest reactions of plant cells to elicitors of defence responses. However, their properties and their role in disease resistance remain almost unknown. We previously demonstrated that cryptogein, an elicitor of tobacco defence responses, induces a nitrate (NO(3) (-)) efflux. This efflux is an early prerequisite to the cryptogein-triggered hypersensitive response (HR). Here, we analyzed the electrophysiological properties of the elicitor-mediated NO(3) (-) efflux and clarified the mechanisms through which it contributes to cell death. Application of the discontinuous single electrode voltage-clamp technique in tobacco cells elicited with cryptogein enabled us to record the activation of slow-type deactivating anion channel currents. Cryptogein-induced plasma membrane depolarization and Ca(2+) influx, an essential component of elicitor signalling for HR cell death, were prevented by inhibiting the NO(3) (-) efflux. Similarly, pharmacological blocking of the anion efflux suppressed vacuolar collapse, a hallmark of cell death. The role of NO(3) (-) efflux in mediating proteases activation was further assessed. It is shown that cryptogein induced the activation of three proteases with apparent molecular masses of 95, 190 and 240 kDa. Their activation occurred independently on the anion efflux and, together with cell death, was strongly reduced by cycloheximide and the protease inhibitor PMSF. In contrast, the NO(3) (-) efflux was shown to promote the accumulation of transcripts encoding vacuolar processing enzymes, a family of proteases previously reported to contribute to the disruption of vacuole integrity observed during the HR. Collectively, our data indicate that anion efflux is an early prerequisite to morphological and biochemical events participating to cell death.

Published
2007
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40. Centrifugal partition chromatography as a tool for preparative purification of pea albumin with enhanced yields☆

Author

Laurence Quillien, Alain Foucault, Serge Bérot, Elisabeth Le Goff, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
Insecticides, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, PROTEIN, Centrifugation, Fraction (chemistry), macromolecular substances, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, CENTRIFUGAL PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Albumins, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Chromatography, Aqueous solution, Ion exchange, Chemistry, Butanol, 010401 analytical chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Peas, technology, industry, and agriculture, Albumin, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Cell Biology, General Medicine, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, INSECTICIDE, Yield (chemistry), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PEA ALBUMIN, SEEDS, Methanol, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; A new procedure including the use of centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) is proposed to purify PA1b and its isoforms. These pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed proteins are toxic against weevils and can be used as an environment-friendly insecticide. CPC was applied to a whole albumin fraction prepared from pea flour. The butanol:aqueous TFA system used in CPC allowed the separation of PA1b from other albumins and a degree of purification above 95%. Compared to analytical procedures based on methanol extraction, anion exchange and then reversed-phase chromatography (RPC), CPC recovered PA1b in much better yield, which is indispensable for large-scale purification of a biodegradable insecticide.

Published
2007
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41. Large-Scale Phenomics Identifies Primary and Fine-Tuning Roles for CRKs in Responses Related to Oxidative Stress

Author

Gildas Bourdais, Paweł Burdiak, Adrien Gauthier, Lisette Nitsch, Jarkko Salojärvi, Channabasavangowda Rayapuram, Niina Idänheimo, Kerri Hunter, Sachie Kimura, Ebe Merilo, Aleksia Vaattovaara, Krystyna Oracz, David Kaufholdt, Andres Pallon, Damar Tri Anggoro, Dawid Glów, Jennifer Lowe, Ji Zhou, Omid Mohammadi, Tuomas Puukko, Andreas Albert, Hans Lang, Dieter Ernst, Hannes Kollist, Mikael Brosché, Jörg Durner, Jan Willem Borst, David B Collinge, Stanisław Karpiński, Michael F Lyngkjær, Silke Robatzek, Michael Wrzaczek, Jaakko Kangasjärvi, CRK Consortium, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biosciences, Bioinformatics for Molecular Biology and Genomics (BMBG), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Receptor-Ligand Signaling Group, Plant Biology, Plant-Fungal Interactions Group, Plant stress and natural variation, Plant ROS-Signalling, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Plante - microbe - environnement : biochimie, biologie cellulaire et écologie (PMEBBCE), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oulu, Physiologie des Semences, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Fisico-Quimica Biologica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology (BIOP), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), and Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cancer Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, protein-kinase, Pseudomonas syringae, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Adapter molecule crk, light acclimation, Phenomics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, transcriptional regulation, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, biology, EPS-1, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, flagellin perception, Adaptation, Physiological, Cell biology, receptor-like kinase, multiple sequence alignment, Signal Transduction, Research Article, DNA, Bacterial, Xanthine Oxidase, lcsh:QH426-470, stomatal immunity, Protein domain, Biochemie, arabidopsis-thaliana, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, pseudomonas-syringae, 03 medical and health sciences, Ascomycota, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Diseases, Arabidopsis Proteins, biology.organism_classification, cell-death, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Oxidative Stress, lcsh:Genetics, Adaptation, Reactive Oxygen Species, Function (biology), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) are transmembrane proteins characterized by the presence of two domains of unknown function 26 (DUF26) in their ectodomain. The CRKs form one of the largest groups of receptor-like protein kinases in plants, but their biological functions have so far remained largely uncharacterized. We conducted a large-scale phenotyping approach of a nearly complete crk T-DNA insertion line collection showing that CRKs control important aspects of plant development and stress adaptation in response to biotic and abiotic stimuli in a non-redundant fashion. In particular, the analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related stress responses, such as regulation of the stomatal aperture, suggests that CRKs participate in ROS/redox signalling and sensing. CRKs play general and fine-tuning roles in the regulation of stomatal closure induced by microbial and abiotic cues. Despite their great number and high similarity, large-scale phenotyping identified specific functions in diverse processes for many CRKs and indicated that CRK2 and CRK5 play predominant roles in growth regulation and stress adaptation, respectively. As a whole, the CRKs contribute to specificity in ROS signalling. Individual CRKs control distinct responses in an antagonistic fashion suggesting future potential for using CRKs in genetic approaches to improve plant performance and stress tolerance., Author Summary Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are important regulators in signal transduction in plants. However, the large number of RLKs and their high sequence similarity has hampered the analysis of RLKs. One of the largest subgroups of RLKs, the cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs), has been suggested to be involved in mediating the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While ROS are recognized as important signalling elements with a large variety of roles in plants, their ligands and achievement of signalling specificity remain unknown. Using insertion mutants we analysed the roles of CRKs in plant development and stress responses and show that CRKs have important roles as mediators of signalling specificity during regulation of stomatal aperture. Our study shows that, despite their large number and high sequence conservation, individual CRKs have intriguingly distinct functions in different aspects of plant life. This makes the CRKs promising candidates for future studies of their biochemical function.

Published
2015
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42. INFLUENCE OF FLAVORING ON THE VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF STARCH GELS DURING GELATION AND LONG-TIME RETROGRADATION

Author

Nathalie Cayot, Gaëlle Arvisenet, F. Moine, P.-Y. Le Bail, J.M. Reparet, FLAveur, VIsion et Comportement du consommateur (FLAVIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), École nationale d'ingénieurs des techniques des industries agricoles et alimentaires (ENITIAA), Unité de recherche biopolymeres interactions assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), and AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
Materials science, Retrogradation (starch), Starch, Isoamyl acetate, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, Polysaccharide, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Complexes, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Aroma compound, Organic chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, X‐ray diffraction, Amylase, Dynamic measurement, Aroma, chemistry.chemical_classification, X-RAY DIFFRACTION, biology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, chemistry, Aroma compounds, Amylopectin, biology.protein, Rheology, 0210 nano-technology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The effect of three different aroma compounds on the texture of starch dispersions during gelation and retrogradation was studied. Oscillatory measurements were used to follow gelation and to check the structure of the starch dispersions after retrogradation up to 28 days. Rheological tests did not indicate any effect of the presence of any of the aroma compounds on the mechanism of gelation. During long-time retrogradation, some added aroma compound did. We assume that this is a consequence of the ability of aroma compounds to form a complex or to show another type of interaction with starch molecules like entrapment in the amorphous regions of starch. Linalool is known to form complexes with amylase, but did not induce texture modifications, probably because, in our experiments, the added amount of this compound was too low. Isoamyl acetate, which according to literature interacts with amylopectin, exhibited a weak effect after 3 or 4 weeks, depending on the amount added. Octanal also increased gel stiffness after 3 weeks. This phenomenon is consistent with the observation that this aroma compound can form complexes with starch as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction in this study.

Published
2006
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43. Genetic and genomic analysis of legume flowers and seeds

Author

Karine Gallardo, Christian Firnhaber, Gérard Duc, Claire Domoney, Christophe Salon, Helge Küster, Franciso Madueño, Richard D. Thompson, Joachim Kopka, Klaus F. X. Mayer, Julie M.I. Hofer, Nathalie G. Munier-Jolain, Michael K. Udvardi, T. H. Noel Ellis, Cristina Ferrándiz, John Innes Centre, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Genomics, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, Biology, 01 natural sciences, GENOMIQUE, Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, DNA microarray, business, Legume, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; New tools, such as ordered mutant libraries, microarrays and sequence based comparative maps, are available for genetic and genomic studies of legumes that are being used to shed light on seed production, the objective of most arable farming. The new information and understanding brought by these tools are revealing the biological processes that underpin and impact on seed production.

Published
2006
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44. Functional mapping in pea, as an aid to the candidate gene selection and for investigating synteny with the model legume Medicago truncatula

Author

A. Petit, Julie Morin, Marie-Christine Quillet, Judith Burstin, Isabelle Lejeune-Hénaut, Françoise Jacquin, Thierry Huguet, Grégoire Aubert, Catherine Rameau, K. Loridon, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Domaine Brunehaut, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés (SADV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Genetic Markers, 0106 biological sciences, Candidate gene, DNA, Plant, Genotype, Positional cloning, Genetic Linkage, Transposon tagging, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Flowers, QTLS, CARTOGRAPHIE GENETIQUE, Genes, Plant, Models, Biological, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Synteny, 01 natural sciences, Chromosomes, Plant, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene mapping, Databases, Genetic, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, Selection, Genetic, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, Gene, Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Peas, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy and Crop Science, Microsatellite Repeats, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; The identification of the molecular polymorphisms giving rise to phenotypic trait variability—both quantitative and qualitative—is a major goal of the present agronomic research. Various approaches such as positional cloning or transposon tagging, as well as the candidate gene strategy have been used to discover the genes underlying this variation in plants. The construction of functional maps, i.e. composed of genes of known function, is an important component of the candidate gene approach. In the present paper we report the development of 63 single nucleotide polymorphism markers and 15 single-stranded conformation polymorphism markers for genes encoding enzymes mainly involved in primary metabolism, and their genetic mapping on a composite map using two pea recombinant inbred line populations. The complete genetic map covers 1,458 cM and comprises 363 loci, including a total of 111 gene-anchored markers: 77 gene-anchored markers described in this study, 7 microsatellites located in gene sequences, 16 flowering time genes, the Tri gene, 5 morphological markers, and 5 other genes. The mean spacing between adjacent markers is 4 cM and 90% of the markers are closer than 10 cM to their neighbours. We also report the genetic mapping of 21 of these genes in Medicago truncatula and add 41 new links between the pea and M. truncatula maps. We discuss the use of this new composite functional map for future candidate gene approaches in pea.

Published
2006
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45. Germplasm Management of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.): Monitoring Intercrossing between Accessions with Inter-plot Barriers

Author

Pascal Marget, M. J. Suso, S. Gilsanz, Maria Teresa Moreno, Gérard Duc, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centro de Investigación y Fomento Agrario, Partenaires INRAE, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Progeny testing, Germplasm, Population, Plant Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, VICIA NARBONENSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, VICIA FABA, Pollen, FABA BEANS, Genotype, GENE FLOW, Genetics, medicine, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, DIVERSITY CONSERVATION, 030304 developmental biology, Hybrid, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, EX SITU CONSERVATION, food and beverages, Vicia faba, Agronomy, INTER-PLOT BARRIERS, Agronomy and Crop Science, POLLEN DISPERSION, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Knowledge of gene flow is essential for designing strategies of germplasm multiplication. Inter and intra-plot gene flow and pollen dispersion between small plots in a field of Vicia faba germplasm multiplication were measured under four isolation zones at two locations. The four isolation zones were: a barren zone, a nucleocytoplasmic Vicia faba male sterile line, a Vicia faba tetraploid genotype and a Vicia narbonensis L. population. Genotypes fixed for alternative isozyme and allozyme alleles allowed the identification of inter and intra-plot hybrids through progeny testing. A set of log-likelihood ratio (LLR) G tests were used to analyze the effects of geographical location, isolation zone and genotype on the different components of gene flow. Considerable heterogeneity among the genotypes in all the components, inter and intra-plot gene flow and pollen dispersion, of gene flow has been found. It has been shown that gene flow is location, isolation zone and genotype dependent. Planting a barrier surrounding the plots rather than using a non cultivated area between plots seemed more or less efficient for preventing inter-plot gene flow depending on the genotype and the location. Specific associations between genotype and male sterile or tetraploid border rows for every location can bring about gene flow as high, or even higher, than those produced by a barren zone. Differences among the genotypes and borders in flowering overlapping appear not to be the major factor influencing the pattern of gene flow. Implications of the pattern of gene flow observed are discussed in relation to crop diversity managed by farmers.

Published
2006
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46. Displacement of an herbaceous plant species community by mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Gmelina arborea, an exotic tree, grown in a microcosm experiment

Author

Christian Plenchette, Michel Lepage, Robin Duponnois, Jean Thioulouse, Rodolphe Spichiger, Pascal Martin, Arsene Sanon, Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève, Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie et Gestion des Adventices (BGA), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Séquestration du carbone et bio- fonctionnement des sols : effets des modes de gestion des agro-écosystèmes tropicaux (SEQBIO), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD), Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes ( LSTM ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biologie et Gestion des Adventices ( BGA ), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon ( ENESAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux ( Bioemco ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Séquestration du carbone et bio- fonctionnement des sols : effets des modes de gestion des agro-écosystèmes tropicaux ( SEQBIO ), Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genève (CJBG), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, catabolic diversity, Plant Science, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Species Specificity, Mycorrhizae, AMF, Botany, Genetics, Mycorrhiza, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Allelopathy, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Lamiaceae, Catabolic biodiversity, biology, fungi, food and beverages, Plant community, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, biology.organism_classification, plant diversity, Soil conditioner, Horticulture, Plant diversity, Seedlings, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Glomus intraradices, Fertilizer, Gmelina, Gmelina arborea, 010606 plant biology & botany, Woody plant
Abstract

International audience; Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Gmelina, Yemane) is a fast growing tree, native from India and considered as a potentially invasive woody plant in West Africa. Mycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings with Glomus intraradices was performed to study (1) the effect on the growth of G. arborea, (2) the impact on the catabolic diversity of soil microbial communities and (3) the influence on the structure of herbaceous plant species communities in microcosms. Treatments consisted of control plants, pre-planting fertilizer application and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation. After 4 months’ culture in autoclaved soil, G. arborea seedlings were either harvested for growth measurement or transferred into containers filled with the same soil but not sterilized. Other containers were kept without G. arborea seedlings. After 12 months’ further culture, effects of fertilizer amendment and AM inoculation on the growth of G. arborea seedlings were recorded. AM colonization was significantly and positively correlated with plant diversity. The substrate-induced respiration response to carboxylic acids was significantly higher in the absence of G. arborea and in the presence of G. intraradices as compared to the other treatments. The influence of AM symbiosis on plant coexistence and on allelopathic processes of invasive plants are discussed.

Published
2005
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47. Microsatellite marker polymorphism and mapping in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Author

Kevin McPhee, K. Loridon, Julie Morin, Judith Burstin, Catherine Rameau, Clarice J. Coyne, Grégoire Aubert, Isabelle Lejeune-Hénaut, Marie-Laure Pilet-Nayel, P Dubreuil, Alain Baranger, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Domaine expérimental de Brunehaut (LILL MONS UE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Amélioration des Plantes et Biotechnologies Végétales (APBV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des plantes (GAP), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, FABACEAE, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Molecular marker, Genotype, Genetics, Genomic library, Allele, Genotyping, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Polymorphism, Genetic, Peas, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, General Medicine, GENETIQUE, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, chemistry, Microsatellite, Agronomy and Crop Science, Microsatellite Repeats, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; This paper aims at providing reliable and cost effective genotyping conditions, level of polymorphism in a range of genotypes and map position of newly developed microsatellite markers in order to promote broad application of these markers as a common set for genetic studies in pea. Optimal PCR conditions were determined for 340 microsatellite markers based on amplification in eight genotypes. Levels of polymorphism were determined for 309 of these markers. Compared to data obtained for other species, levels of polymorphism detected in a panel of eight genotypes were high with a mean number of 3.8 alleles per polymorphic locus and an average PIC value of 0.62, indicating that pea represents a rather polymorphic autogamous species. One of our main objectives was to locate a maximum number of microsatellite markers on the pea genetic map. Data obtained from three different crosses were used to build a composite genetic map of 1,430 cM (Haldane) comprising 239 microsatellite markers. These include 216 anonymous SSRs developed from enriched genomic libraries and 13 SSRs located in genes. The markers are quite evenly distributed throughout the seven linkage groups of the map, with 85% of intervals between the adjacent SSR markers being smaller than 10 cM. There was a good conservation of marker order and linkage group assignment across the three populations. In conclusion,we hope this report will promote wide application of these markers and will allow information obtained by different laboratories worldwide in diverse fields of pea genetics, such as QTL mapping studies and genetic resource surveys, to be easily aligned.

Published
2005
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48. The Medicago truncatula SUNN Gene Encodes a CLV1-like Leucine-rich Repeat Receptor Kinase that Regulates Nodule Number and Root Length

Author

Fernanda de Carvalho-Niebel, Elise Schnabel, Gérard Duc, Etienne-Pascal Journet, Julia Frugoli, Clemson University, Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, USDA Grant (2002-35319-12529), CREES SC-1700150 to JF, ACI Ministère de la Recherche (2001-03) (02N60/0546), INRA-SPE Grant (0441-01) (2002-03) to EPJ, and Technical Contribution No. 5054 of the Clemson University Experiment Station

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mutant, Lotus japonicus, Plant Science, Leucine-rich repeat, Biology, Genes, Plant, Plant Roots, Synteny, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, 03 medical and health sciences, SUNN, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Arabidopsis, Genetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, RLP1, Gene, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Nitrates, fungi, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, General Medicine, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, NODULE REGULATION, Phenotype, SUPERNODULATION, Mutation, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, Agronomy and Crop Science, Plant Shoots, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Four Medicago truncatula sunn mutants displayed shortened roots and hypernodulation under all conditions examined. The mutants, recovered in three independent genetic screens, all contained lesions in a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor kinase. Although the molecular defects among alleles varied, root length and the extent of nodulation were not significantly different between the mutants. SUNN is expressed in shoots, flowers and roots. Although previously reported grafting experiments showed that the presence of the mutated SUNN gene in roots does not confer an obvious phenotype, expression levels of SUNN mRNA were reduced in sunn-1 roots. SUNN and the previously identified genes HAR1 (Lotus japonicus) and NARK (Glycine max) are orthologs based on gene sequence and synteny between flanking sequences. Comparison of related LRR receptor kinases determined that all nodulation autoregulation genes identified to date are the closest legume relatives of AtCLV1 by sequence, yet sunn, har and nark mutants do not display the fasciated clv phenotype. The M. truncatula region is syntenic with duplicated regions of Arabidopsis chromosomes 2 and 4, none of which harbor CLV1 or any other LRR receptor kinase genes. A novel truncated copy of the SUNN gene lacking a kinase domain, RLP1, is found immediately upstream of SUNN and like SUNN is expressed at a reduced level in sunn-1 roots.

Published
2005
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49. Indirect versus Direct Selection of Winter Wheat for Low‐Input or High‐Input Levels

Author

Emmanuel Heumez, J. Le Gouis, Denis Beghin, P. Pluchard, C. Depatureaux, Maryse Brancourt-Hulmel, Alex Giraud, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Unité Expérimentale Grandes Cultures Innovation Environnement - Picardie (GCIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés (SADV), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, unité experimentale Le Moulon, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Winter wheat, food and beverages, Biology, Heritability, Biotechnology, Fungicide, Animal science, Efficiency, Genetic variation, Cultivar, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, High input, Selection (genetic algorithm)
Abstract

Market prices and environmental concerns favor low-input wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production systems. This study assesses the efficiency of low-input vs. high-input selection environments to improve wheat for low-input environments. Three standard cultivars, 11 parents, and 270 lines bred in INRA Mons-Peronne were investigated for 2 yr (1998, 1999) in France at three INRA locations. Four agronomic treatments combining two levels of fungicides with two levels of nitrogen (N) were applied. Because of seed supply, only 10 year × treatment × location combinations were conducted. Broad-sense heritabilities for grain yield (GY) ranged from 0.18 at low N without fungicide to 0.90 at high N without fungicide. Heritability estimates were higher at high N than at low N level. This was due to both an increase in error variance and a decrease in genetic variance at low nitrogen level. Heritabilities in treatments without fungicide were the same or higher than heritabilities measured in the corresponding controlled treatments. Broad-sense heritabilities for grain N content (GNC) were similar between the controlled treatments with fungicide and the corresponding treatments without fungicide. They were lower at low N level and this was due to an increased error variance in both years. Genetic correlations between the 10 experiments were always positive for GY and N content: they ranged from 0.10 to 0.95 for yield and from 0.78 to 0.98 for GNC. The relative efficiency of indirect selection to direct selection for each pair of environments ranged from 0.15 to 0.99 indicating that indirect selection was never more efficient than direct selection. Therefore, breeding programs targeting low-input environments should include low-input selection environments to maximize selection gains.

Published
2005
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50. Development and composition of the seeds of nine genotypes of the Medicago truncatula species complex

Author

Christine Rochat, Christophe Salon, Arnaud Lechevalier, Jean-Pierre Boutin, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Nadia Djemel, Delphine Guedon, Martine Miquel, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Biologie des Semences (LBS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées (UMR DGPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Genotype, Nitrogen, Physiology, Starch, Oligosaccharides, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Stachyose, Endosperm, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Medicago truncatula, Botany, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Storage protein, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acids, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Legume, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Fatty Acids, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Vicia faba, chemistry, Seeds, Desiccation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The seed development and composition of Medicago truncatula Gaertn., the new model plant for grain legumes, was studied using nine genotypes of the species complex: M. truncatula–Medicago littoralis (M. truncatula). The seed development of M. truncatula was very similar to that of other legumes, the only notable exception being the presence, in the mature seed, of an endosperm layer that is absent in grain legumes. During early embryogenesis and until mid-maturation, transient storage of starch occurred in the seed coat and embryo. This temporary storage probably contributed to the early development of the embryo and reserve synthesis. During maturation the synthesis and accumulation of proteins and oil took place at quasi-constant rates. Conversely oligosaccharides, mainly stachyose, were synthesised only during late maturation and at the beginning of desiccation. Proteins represented the major class of storage compounds and their average amino acid composition was found to be very close to that of pea and robust in various environmental conditions. Similar compositions between the two species and other grain legumes were also found for the fatty acids and the soluble sugars; most of these characters varied depending on the various environmental conditions used for seed production. All these similarities fully justify the use of M. truncatula as a model plant for genomic approaches to grain legume improvement. The major difference between M. truncatula seeds and European grain legume seeds resides in the nature of their carbon storage namely triacylglycerides for M. truncatula and starch for pea and faba bean. © 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Published
2005
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