27 results on '"Euchler, Eric"'
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2. Strong and anti-freezing alginate-based hydrogel with humidity response and wide-temperature-range strain sensing ability
- Author
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Zou, Lin, Liu, Xiang, Liu, Hongmin, Zhang, Xiaozhen, Euchler, Eric, Liu, Chuntai, and Chang, Baobao
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. In situ dilatometry and X-ray microtomography study on the formation and growth of cavities in unfilled styrene-butadiene-rubber vulcanizates subjected to constrained tensile deformation
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Bernhardt, Ricardo, Schneider, Konrad, Heinrich, Gert, Wießner, Sven, and Tada, Toshio
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Topical section “Advanced Testing of Soft Polymer Materials”
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Stoček, Radek, primary and Euchler, Eric, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. DYNAMIC REVERSIBLE NETWORKS AND DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-HEALING RUBBERS: A CRITICAL REVIEW
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Mandal, Subhradeep, primary, Das, Amit, additional, Euchler, Eric, additional, Wiessner, Sven, additional, Heinrich, Gert, additional, Sawada, Jun, additional, Matsui, Ryoji, additional, Nagase, Takayuki, additional, and Tada, Toshio, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Superlattice deformation in quantum dot films on flexible substrates via uniaxial strain
- Author
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Heger, Julian E., Chen, Wei, Zhong, Huaying, Xiao, Tianxiao, Harder, Constantin, Apfelbeck, Fabian A. C., Weinzierl, Alexander F., Boldt, Regine, Schraa, Lucas, Euchler, Eric, Sambale, Anna K., Schneider, Konrad, Schwartzkopf, Matthias, Roth, Stephan V., Mueller-Buschbaum, P., Heger, Julian E., Chen, Wei, Zhong, Huaying, Xiao, Tianxiao, Harder, Constantin, Apfelbeck, Fabian A. C., Weinzierl, Alexander F., Boldt, Regine, Schraa, Lucas, Euchler, Eric, Sambale, Anna K., Schneider, Konrad, Schwartzkopf, Matthias, Roth, Stephan V., and Mueller-Buschbaum, P.
- Abstract
The superlattice in a quantum dot (QD) film on a flexible substrate deformed by uniaxial strain shows a phase transition in unit cell symmetry. With increasing uniaxial strain, the QD superlattice unit cell changes from tetragonal to cubic to tetragonal phase as measured with in situ grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The respective changes in the optoelectronic coupling are probed with photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The PL emission intensity follows the phase transition due to the resulting changing inter-dot distances. The changes in PL intensity accompany a redshift in the emission spectrum, which agrees with the Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory. The results are essential for a fundamental understanding of the impact of strain on the performance of flexible devices based on QD films, such as wearable electronics and next-generation solar cells on flexible substrates., QC 20230329
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Superlattice deformation in quantum dot films on flexible substrates via uniaxial strain
- Author
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Heger, Julian E., primary, Chen, Wei, additional, Zhong, Huaying, additional, Xiao, Tianxiao, additional, Harder, Constantin, additional, Apfelbeck, Fabian A. C., additional, Weinzierl, Alexander F., additional, Boldt, Regine, additional, Schraa, Lucas, additional, Euchler, Eric, additional, Sambale, Anna K., additional, Schneider, Konrad, additional, Schwartzkopf, Matthias, additional, Roth, Stephan V., additional, and Müller-Buschbaum, P., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Multiple Physical Bonds Cross-Linked Strong and Tough Hydrogel with Antibacterial Ability for Wearable Strain Sensor
- Author
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Zou, Lin, primary, Chang, Baobao, additional, Liu, Hongmin, additional, Zhang, Xiaozhen, additional, Shi, Honghui, additional, Liu, Xiang, additional, Euchler, Eric, additional, and Liu, Chuntai, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Schädigungseffekte in weichen Polymeren für Glasstrukturverbindungen
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, primary, Bernhardt, Ricardo, additional, Schneider, Konrad, additional, Wießner, Sven, additional, and Stommel, Markus, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Beamline-implemented stretching devices for in situ X-ray scattering experiments
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Sambale, A. K., Schneider, Konrad, Uhlig, K., Boldt, R., Stommel, M., Stribeck, A., Schwartzkopf, M., Rothkirch, A., and Roth, S. V.
- Subjects
History ,ddc:530 ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Abstract
14th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation, (SRI 2021), Online, 28 Mar 2022 - 1 Apr 2022; Journal of physics / Conference Series 2380(1), 012109 (2022). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2380/1/012109, Two recently developed experimental devices for investigating soft matterdeformation are presented. Both devices exploit the capabilities of a modern synchrotronbeamline to enable advanced and highly precise materials-science experiments in which X-rayscattering is registered. The devices can be operated both in monotonic as well as cyclic modeand are implemented into a beamline at DESY, Hamburg (Germany). Hence, relevantexperimental parameters, such as displacement, force and temperature, are recordedsynchronously with the individual X-ray scattering patterns. In addition, spatial variation ofmaterials deformation can be monitored and recorded with optical microscopy. This uniquesample environment enables in situ X-ray experiments in transmission, i.e. small- or wide-angleX-ray scattering (SAXS or WAXS), and in grazing-incidence geometry, i.e. grazing-incidence(GI-) SAXS or WAXS. One device with stepper motors is designed for studies of slow, (quasi-)static deformation and the other one with pneumatic actuators can be used for fast, impactdeformation. Both devices are available to external beamline users, too., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol
- Published
- 2022
11. Experimental study on cavitation in rubber vulcanizates subjected to constrained tensile deformation
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, primary, Bernhardt, Ricardo, additional, Schneider, Konrad, additional, Tada, Toshio, additional, and Wießner, Sven, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Self-Organization at the Crack Tip of Fatigue-Resistant Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers
- Author
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Scetta Giorgia, Euchler Eric, Ju Jianzhu, Selles Nathan, Heuillet Patrick, and Ciccotti Matteo
- Abstract
Despite their technological relevance, the resistance of soft thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) to crack propagation in cyclic fatigue has never been investigated in detail. In particular, a clear shortcoming in the literature for this class of materials is the lack of connection between the cyclic fatigue resistance and the large strain behavior that has a fundamental role in defining the material’s resistance to crack propagation. We demonstrate here for the first time that when the strain-induced stiffening mechanism of TPU (already observed for large deformation) is combined with the presence of the nonhomogeneous strain, as in the case of cyclic fatigue, it produces a selective reinforcement in the crack tip area, which is the key to explain the remarkable cyclic fatigue resistance of TPU. Using commercial TPU with similar modulus (∼8 MPa) but different large strain behavior, we show that the described mechanism stems from the multiphase nature of TPU and it is not necessarily linked to a specific large strain property as the case of TPU, which undergoes strain-induced crystallization.
- Published
- 2021
13. Self-Organization at the Crack Tip of Fatigue-Resistant Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers
- Author
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Scetta, Giorgia, primary, Euchler, Eric, additional, Ju, Jianzhu, additional, Selles, Nathan, additional, Heuillet, Patrick, additional, Ciccotti, Matteo, additional, and Creton, Costantino, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Charakterisierung des Deformations- und Versagensverhaltens von Elastomerenunter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Wießner, Sven, Heinrich, Gert, and Reincke, Katrin
- Abstract
The deformation and failure behavior of rubbers is significantly influenced by the chemical composition and loading conditions. Investigations on how loading parameters, such as strain rate or type of loading, e.g. quasi-static vs. cyclic or tension vs. compression, affect the mechanical behavior of rubbers are elementary for designing elastomeric products. Some fracture mechanical concepts describing the failure behavior of rubbers are widely accepted in industrial and academic research. Although structural changes on the network scale may affect the mechanical properties of rubbers, the most common failure analyses are based on macroscopic approaches not considering microscopic damage. A specific phenomenon in (micro-) structural failure is cavitation due to strain constraints. Under geometrical constraints, the lateral contraction is suppressed. As a result, stress triaxiality causes inhomoge-neous, nonaffine deformation and internal defects, so-called cavities, appear. The formation and growth of cavities release stress and reduce the degree of constraints.Although cavitation in rubber has been studied for several decades, the knowledge about the fundamental mechanisms triggering the cavitation process is still very limited. This study aimed to characterize and describe the cavitation process comprehensively using convincing material parameters. Therefore several influenc-ing factors, such as network properties and filler reinforcement, have been consid-ered. Hence, advanced experimental methods, such as dilatometry and microtomog-raphy have been used for in situ investigations. Thin disk-shaped rubber samples have been used to prepare pancake specimens, which are characterized by a high aspect ratio. As a result, the degree of stress triaxiality is high and the dominating hydrostatic tensile stress causes the initiation of cavitation. For unfilled and carbon black reinforced styrene-butadiene-rubbers the onset of cavitation was determined precisely by highly sensitive data acquisition. Both, a stress-related and an energy-based cavitation criterion were found indicating that traditional approaches predicting internal failure indeed overestimate the material resistance against cavitation. Of special interest was the often suspected cavitation in unfilled rubbers, because, cavitation in rubbers is mainly attributed to interfacial failure between soft rubber matrix and rigid filler particles. Furthermore, cavitation in the process zone of notched planar specimens could be monitored by in situ X-ray scattering experiments. As a result, cavities appear in a region along the crack front. To understand the correlation between cavitation and macroscopic crack initiation additional tests were realized, i.e. intrinsic strength analysis. The results have shown that the macro failure is af-fected by microfracture, e.g. growth of cavities, controlled by the breakage of polymer chains. Both, numerical and experimental data indicate that under strain constraints rubbers do not exhibit incompressible deformation behavior. The presented experi-mental methods to characterize cavitation are suitable for future studies to investi-gate further aspects of cavitation, e.g. the behavior under dynamic loading, in rub-bers or other rubber-like materials.
- Published
- 2021
15. Superlattice deformation in quantum dot films on flexible substrates viauniaxial strainElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2nh00548d
- Author
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Heger, Julian E., Chen, Wei, Zhong, Huaying, Xiao, Tianxiao, Harder, Constantin, Apfelbeck, Fabian A. C., Weinzierl, Alexander F., Boldt, Regine, Schraa, Lucas, Euchler, Eric, Sambale, Anna K., Schneider, Konrad, Schwartzkopf, Matthias, Roth, Stephan V., and Müller-Buschbaum, P.
- Abstract
The superlattice in a quantum dot (QD) film on a flexible substrate deformed by uniaxial strain shows a phase transition in unit cell symmetry. With increasing uniaxial strain, the QD superlattice unit cell changes from tetragonal to cubic to tetragonal phase as measured with in situgrazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The respective changes in the optoelectronic coupling are probed with photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The PL emission intensity follows the phase transition due to the resulting changing inter-dot distances. The changes in PL intensity accompany a redshift in the emission spectrum, which agrees with the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory. The results are essential for a fundamental understanding of the impact of strain on the performance of flexible devices based on QD films, such as wearable electronics and next-generation solar cells on flexible substrates.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. First‐Time Investigations on Cavitation in Rubber Parts Subjected to Constrained Tension Using In Situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Microtomography (SRμCT)
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, primary, Bernhardt, Ricardo, additional, Wilde, Fabian, additional, Schneider, Konrad, additional, Heinrich, Gert, additional, Tada, Toshio, additional, Wießner, Sven, additional, and Stommel, Markus, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Charakterisierung des Deformations- und Versagensverhaltens von Elastomeren unter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Wießner, Sven, Heinrich, Gert, Reincke, Katrin, and Technische Universität Dresden
- Subjects
Elastomere, Kavitation, Zwangsbedingungen, hydrostatische Spannung, kompressible Deformation, energiebasiertes Kriterium ,Rubber, Cavitation, Constraints, Hydrostatic Stress, Compressible Deformation, Energy-based Criterion ,ddc:621.3 ,ddc:620 - Abstract
Das Deformations- und Versagensverhalten von Elastomeren wird maßgeblich von der rezepturspezifischen Zusammensetzung und den wirkenden Belastungsbedingungen beeinflusst. Untersuchungen zum Einfluss spezifischer Belastungsparameter, wie Deformationsgeschwindigkeit oder Belastungsszenario (statisch oder zyklisch, Zug oder Druck sowie Schub), auf das mechanische Verhalten von Elastomeren sind grundlegend für die technische Auslegung von Elastomerprodukten. Zur Beschreibung des Versagensverhaltens von Elastomeren unter zyklischer oder dynamischer Belastung sind bruchmechanische Konzepte in Industrie und Forschung bereits etabliert. Dabei basiert die Analyse des bruchmechanischen Verhaltens von Elastomeren meist auf makroskopischen Eigenschaften, obwohl (sub-) mikrostrukturelle Änderungen und Schädigungen erheblichen Einfluss haben wer-den. Ein spezifisches Phänomen mikrostruktureller Schädigung ist die Kavitation unter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung. Infolge geometrischer Zwangsbedingungen und einer dadurch eingeschränkten Kontrahierbarkeit, kann sich bei Zugbelastung ein mehrachsiger Spannungszustand einstellen. Infolge dessen können sich Defekte, sogenannte Kavitäten, bilden. Diese Kavitäten wachsen bei zunehmender äußerer Belastung und bauen dadurch die Zwangsbedingungen sowie die inneren Spannungen ab. Das Wissen über den Kavitationsprozess bei Elastomeren ist grundlegend für das Verständnis des makroskopischen Versagensverhaltens, doch bislang nur eingeschränkt vorhanden. In dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden für in situ Experimente, wie Dilatometrie und Mikrotomographie, entwickelt und optimiert. Dadurch konnte die Kavitation in Elastomeren umfassend untersucht und der Schädigungsverlauf mit aussagekräftigen Kennwerten beschrieben werden. Verschiedene Einflussfaktoren, wie Netzwerkeigenschaften und Füllstoffverstärkung, wurden ebenso beleuchtet wie der Einfluss von geometrischen Zwangsbedingungen. Für die Experimente wurden spezielle Prüfkörper verwendet, die durch ein ausgeprägtes Geometrieverhältnis gekennzeichnet sind. Sogenannte Pancake-Prüfkörper sind dünne scheibenförmige Zylinderproben, die zwischen steifen Probenhaltern verklebt werden. Sowohl an ungefüllten als auch rußverstärkten Elastomeren auf Basis von Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR) konnte die Charakterisierung des Beginns der Kavitation, insbesondere dank hochauflösender Messtechnik, gelingen. Neben einem spannungsbasierten konnte auch ein energiebasiertes Kavitationskriterium definiert werden. In jedem Fall zeigten die Ergebnisse, dass die traditionellen Vorhersagen den werkstoffimmanenten Widerstand gegen Kavitation deutlich überschätzen. Entgegen der oft getroffenen Annahme, dass Kavitation ausschließlich infolge eines Grenzflächenversagens zwischen weicher Elastomermatrix und steifen Füllstoffpartikeln auftritt, konnte gezeigt werden, dass dieses Schädigungsphänomen auch bei ungefüllten Elastomeren auftreten kann. Des Weiteren wurde das Phänomen Kavitation mittels Kleinwinkel-Röntgenstreuung auch an gekerbten Flach-Prüfkörpern untersucht. Dabei konnten Kavitäten entlang der Rissfronten nachgewiesen werden. Im Zusammenhang von Kavitation und bruchmechanischem Verhalten konnte auch eine Korrelation zwischen Beginn der Kavitation und makroskopischer Rissinitiierung gefunden werden. Dies deutet zum einen darauf hin, dass die Kavitation durch bruchmechanische Vorgänge, wie Kettenbruch, bestimmt wird und zum anderen, dass die Kavitation das makroskopische Versagensverhalten beeinflusst. Weiterhin konnte sowohl mittels numerischer Berechnungen als auch anhand experimenteller Daten gezeigt werden, dass infolge geometrischer oder struktureller Zwangsbedingungen, entgegen der allgemeinen Annahme, für Elastomere nicht ausschließlich von inkompressiblem Deformationsverhalten ausgegangen werden sollte. Die vorgestellten experimentellen Methoden zur Charakterisierung der Kavitation in Elastomeren sind geeignet, um in weiteren Studien die Bestimmung z.B. von dynamisch-bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften unter Berücksichtigung mikrostruktureller Schädigung für verschiedene Elastomere zu untersuchen.:1 EINLEITUNG UND ZIELSTELLUNG 2 STAND DER FORSCHUNG ZUM DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN 2.1 GRUNDLAGEN ZUR KAUTSCHUKMISCHUNGSHERSTELLUNG UND -VERARBEITUNG 2.2 TYPISCHE MERKMALE DES PHYSIKALISCH-MECHANISCHEN EIGENSCHAFTSPROFILS VON ELASTOMEREN 2.3 CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES MECHANISCHEN UND BRUCHMECHANISCHEN VERHALTENS VON ELASTOMEREN 2.4 ANALYSE DES VERSAGENSVERHALTENS VON ELASTOMEREN INFOLGE QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 2.5 ABLEITUNG VON UNTERSUCHUNGSANSÄTZEN ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG UND BESCHREIBUNG DER KAVITATION IN ELASTOMEREN 3 VORBETRACHTUNGEN ZUM DEFORMATIONSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN 3.1 ALLGEMEINE GRUNDLAGEN 3.2 DEFORMATIONSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN UNTER KOMPLEXEN BELASTUNGSZUSTÄNDEN 3.3 FE-ANALYSE ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES DEFORMATIONSVERHALTENS VON PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4 EXPERIMENTELLES 4.1 WERKSTOFFE 4.2 PRÜFKÖRPER 4.3 KONVENTIONELLE CHARAKTERISIERUNG DER ELASTOMERE 4.4 OBERFLÄCHENANALYSE 4.5 IN SITU DILATOMETRIE AN PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.6 IN SITU RÖNTGEN-MIKROTOMOGRAPHIE AN PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.7 IN SITU KLEINWINKEL-RÖNTGENSTREUUNG AN GEKERBTEN FLACH-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.8 ERMITTLUNG DES WERKSTOFFIMMANENTEN MAKROSKOPISCHEN WIDERSTANDS GEGEN RISSINITIIERUNG AN FLACH-PRÜFKÖRPERN 5 ERGEBNISSE UND DISKUSSION 5.1 PHYSIKALISCH-MECHANISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN 5.2 DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF VON UNGEFÜLLTEN ELASTOMEREN UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.2.1 Typische Verlaufsform der Kavitation und grundlegende Erkenntnisse 5.2.2 Beginn der Kavitation – Besonderheiten bei kleinen Dehnungen 5.2.3 Ursprung der Kavitation – Nukleierung und Bildung von Kavitäten 5.2.4 Fortschreitende Kavitation – Besonderheiten bei hohen Dehnungen 5.3 EINFLUSS TYPISCHER MISCHUNGSBESTANDTEILE AUF DEN DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.3.1 Unterschiedliche Netzwerkeigenschaften durch Variation von Schwefel- und ZnO-Anteilen 5.3.2 Einfluss des Verstärkungseffekts durch Variation des Rußanteils 5.4 EINFLUSS GEOMETRISCHER ZWANGSBEDINGUNGEN AUF DEN DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.4.1 Variation des Geometriefaktors von Pancake-Prüfkörpern ungefüllter Elastomere 5.4.2 Ermittlung einer effektiven Querkontraktionszahl als Maß der Kompressibilität des Deformationsverhaltens 5.4.3 Kavitation in der Rissprozesszone gekerbter Flach-Prüfkörper 5.5 BEWERTUNG DER KRITERIEN ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES BEGINNS DER KAVITATION 5.5.1 Diskussion zur Bestimmung eines spannungsbasierten sowie eines energiebasierten Kavitationskriteriums 5.5.2 Vergleich des energiebasierten Kavitationskriteriums mit dem werkstoffimmanenten Widerstands gegen Rissinitiierung 6 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 6.1 ÜBERBLICK ZU GEWONNENEN ERKENNTNISSEN 6.2 AUSBLICK 6.3 PRAKTISCHE RELEVANZ LITERATURVERZEICHNIS BILDVERZEICHNIS TABELLENVERZEICHNIS ANHANG PUBLIKATIONSLISTE The deformation and failure behavior of rubbers is significantly influenced by the chemical composition and loading conditions. Investigations on how loading parameters, such as strain rate or type of loading, e.g. quasi-static vs. cyclic or tension vs. compression, affect the mechanical behavior of rubbers are elementary for designing elastomeric products. Some fracture mechanical concepts describing the failure behavior of rubbers are widely accepted in industrial and academic research Although structural changes on the network scale may affect the mechanical properties of rubbers, the most common failure analyses are based on macroscopic approaches not considering microscopic damage. A specific phenomenon in (micro-) structural failure is cavitation due to strain constraints. Under geometrical constraints, the lateral contraction is suppressed. As a result, stress triaxiality causes inhomogeneous, nonaffine deformation and internal defects, so-called cavities, appear. The formation and growth of cavities release stress and reduce the degree of constraints. Although cavitation in rubber has been studied for several decades, the knowledge about the fundamental mechanisms triggering the cavitation process is still very limited. This study aimed to characterize and describe the cavitation process comprehensively using convincing material parameters. Therefore several influencing factors, such as network properties and filler reinforcement, have been considered. Hence, advanced experimental methods, such as dilatometry and microtomography have been used for in situ investigations. Thin disk-shaped rubber samples have been used to prepare pancake specimens, which are characterized by a high aspect ratio. As a result, the degree of stress triaxiality is high and the dominating hydrostatic tensile stress causes the initiation of cavitation. For unfilled and carbon black reinforced styrene-butadiene-rubbers the onset of cavitation was determined precisely by highly sensitive data acquisition. Both, a stress-related and an energy-based cavitation criterion were found indicating that traditional approaches predicting internal failure indeed overestimate the material resistance against cavitation. Of special interest was the often suspected cavitation in unfilled rubbers, because, cavitation in rubbers is mainly attributed to interfacial failure between soft rubber matrix and rigid filler particles. Furthermore, cavitation in the process zone of notched planar specimens could be monitored by in situ X-ray scattering experiments. As a result, cavities appear in a region along the crack front. To understand the correlation between cavitation and macroscopic crack initiation additional tests were realized, i.e. intrinsic strength analysis. The results have shown that the macro failure is affected by microfracture, e.g. growth of cavities, controlled by the breakage of polymer chains. Both, numerical and experimental data indicate that under strain constraints rubbers do not exhibit incompressible deformation behavior. The presented experimental methods to characterize cavitation are suitable for future studies to investigate further aspects of cavitation, e.g. the behavior under dynamic loading, in rubbers or other rubber-like materials.:1 EINLEITUNG UND ZIELSTELLUNG 2 STAND DER FORSCHUNG ZUM DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN 2.1 GRUNDLAGEN ZUR KAUTSCHUKMISCHUNGSHERSTELLUNG UND -VERARBEITUNG 2.2 TYPISCHE MERKMALE DES PHYSIKALISCH-MECHANISCHEN EIGENSCHAFTSPROFILS VON ELASTOMEREN 2.3 CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES MECHANISCHEN UND BRUCHMECHANISCHEN VERHALTENS VON ELASTOMEREN 2.4 ANALYSE DES VERSAGENSVERHALTENS VON ELASTOMEREN INFOLGE QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 2.5 ABLEITUNG VON UNTERSUCHUNGSANSÄTZEN ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG UND BESCHREIBUNG DER KAVITATION IN ELASTOMEREN 3 VORBETRACHTUNGEN ZUM DEFORMATIONSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN 3.1 ALLGEMEINE GRUNDLAGEN 3.2 DEFORMATIONSVERHALTEN VON ELASTOMEREN UNTER KOMPLEXEN BELASTUNGSZUSTÄNDEN 3.3 FE-ANALYSE ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES DEFORMATIONSVERHALTENS VON PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4 EXPERIMENTELLES 4.1 WERKSTOFFE 4.2 PRÜFKÖRPER 4.3 KONVENTIONELLE CHARAKTERISIERUNG DER ELASTOMERE 4.4 OBERFLÄCHENANALYSE 4.5 IN SITU DILATOMETRIE AN PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.6 IN SITU RÖNTGEN-MIKROTOMOGRAPHIE AN PANCAKE-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.7 IN SITU KLEINWINKEL-RÖNTGENSTREUUNG AN GEKERBTEN FLACH-PRÜFKÖRPERN 4.8 ERMITTLUNG DES WERKSTOFFIMMANENTEN MAKROSKOPISCHEN WIDERSTANDS GEGEN RISSINITIIERUNG AN FLACH-PRÜFKÖRPERN 5 ERGEBNISSE UND DISKUSSION 5.1 PHYSIKALISCH-MECHANISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN 5.2 DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF VON UNGEFÜLLTEN ELASTOMEREN UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.2.1 Typische Verlaufsform der Kavitation und grundlegende Erkenntnisse 5.2.2 Beginn der Kavitation – Besonderheiten bei kleinen Dehnungen 5.2.3 Ursprung der Kavitation – Nukleierung und Bildung von Kavitäten 5.2.4 Fortschreitende Kavitation – Besonderheiten bei hohen Dehnungen 5.3 EINFLUSS TYPISCHER MISCHUNGSBESTANDTEILE AUF DEN DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.3.1 Unterschiedliche Netzwerkeigenschaften durch Variation von Schwefel- und ZnO-Anteilen 5.3.2 Einfluss des Verstärkungseffekts durch Variation des Rußanteils 5.4 EINFLUSS GEOMETRISCHER ZWANGSBEDINGUNGEN AUF DEN DEFORMATIONS- UND VERSAGENSVERLAUF UNTER QUERDEHNUNGSBEHINDERTER ZUGBELASTUNG 5.4.1 Variation des Geometriefaktors von Pancake-Prüfkörpern ungefüllter Elastomere 5.4.2 Ermittlung einer effektiven Querkontraktionszahl als Maß der Kompressibilität des Deformationsverhaltens 5.4.3 Kavitation in der Rissprozesszone gekerbter Flach-Prüfkörper 5.5 BEWERTUNG DER KRITERIEN ZUR CHARAKTERISIERUNG DES BEGINNS DER KAVITATION 5.5.1 Diskussion zur Bestimmung eines spannungsbasierten sowie eines energiebasierten Kavitationskriteriums 5.5.2 Vergleich des energiebasierten Kavitationskriteriums mit dem werkstoffimmanenten Widerstands gegen Rissinitiierung 6 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 6.1 ÜBERBLICK ZU GEWONNENEN ERKENNTNISSEN 6.2 AUSBLICK 6.3 PRAKTISCHE RELEVANZ LITERATURVERZEICHNIS BILDVERZEICHNIS TABELLENVERZEICHNIS ANHANG PUBLIKATIONSLISTE
- Published
- 2020
18. Charakterisierung des Deformations- und Versagensverhaltens von Elastomerenunter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung
- Author
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Euchler, Eric
- Abstract
Dissertation, Technische Universit��t Dresden, 2020; Dresden : TUDpress, Thelem Universit��tsverlag & Buchhandel GmbH & Co. KG 172 pp. (2021). = Dissertation, Technische Universit��t Dresden, 2020, The deformation and failure behavior of rubbers is significantly influenced by the chemical composition and loading conditions. Investigations on how loading parameters, such as strain rate or type of loading, e.g. quasi-static vs. cyclic or tension vs. compression, affect the mechanical behavior of rubbers are elementary for designing elastomeric products. Some fracture mechanical concepts describing the failure behavior of rubbers are widely accepted in industrial and academic research. Although structural changes on the network scale may affect the mechanical properties of rubbers, the most common failure analyses are based on macroscopic approaches not considering microscopic damage. A specific phenomenon in (micro-) structural failure is cavitation due to strain constraints. Under geometrical constraints, the lateral contraction is suppressed. As a result, stress triaxiality causes inhomoge-neous, nonaffine deformation and internal defects, so-called cavities, appear. The formation and growth of cavities release stress and reduce the degree of constraints.Although cavitation in rubber has been studied for several decades, the knowledge about the fundamental mechanisms triggering the cavitation process is still very limited. This study aimed to characterize and describe the cavitation process comprehensively using convincing material parameters. Therefore several influenc-ing factors, such as network properties and filler reinforcement, have been consid-ered. Hence, advanced experimental methods, such as dilatometry and microtomog-raphy have been used for in situ investigations. Thin disk-shaped rubber samples have been used to prepare pancake specimens, which are characterized by a high aspect ratio. As a result, the degree of stress triaxiality is high and the dominating hydrostatic tensile stress causes the initiation of cavitation. For unfilled and carbon black reinforced styrene-butadiene-rubbers the onset of cavitation was determined precisely by highly sensitive data acquisition. Both, a stress-related and an energy-based cavitation criterion were found indicating that traditional approaches predicting internal failure indeed overestimate the material resistance against cavitation. Of special interest was the often suspected cavitation in unfilled rubbers, because, cavitation in rubbers is mainly attributed to interfacial failure between soft rubber matrix and rigid filler particles. Furthermore, cavitation in the process zone of notched planar specimens could be monitored by in situ X-ray scattering experiments. As a result, cavities appear in a region along the crack front. To understand the correlation between cavitation and macroscopic crack initiation additional tests were realized, i.e. intrinsic strength analysis. The results have shown that the macro failure is af-fected by microfracture, e.g. growth of cavities, controlled by the breakage of polymer chains. Both, numerical and experimental data indicate that under strain constraints rubbers do not exhibit incompressible deformation behavior. The presented experi-mental methods to characterize cavitation are suitable for future studies to investi-gate further aspects of cavitation, e.g. the behavior under dynamic loading, in rub-bers or other rubber-like materials., Published by TUDpress, Thelem Universit��tsverlag & Buchhandel GmbH & Co. KG, Dresden
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Charakterisierung des Deformations- und Versagensverhaltens von Elastomeren unter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung
- Author
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Wießner, Sven, Heinrich, Gert, Reincke, Katrin, Technische Universität Dresden, Euchler, Eric, Wießner, Sven, Heinrich, Gert, Reincke, Katrin, Technische Universität Dresden, and Euchler, Eric
- Abstract
Das Deformations- und Versagensverhalten von Elastomeren wird maßgeblich von der rezepturspezifischen Zusammensetzung und den wirkenden Belastungsbedingungen beeinflusst. Untersuchungen zum Einfluss spezifischer Belastungsparameter, wie Deformationsgeschwindigkeit oder Belastungsszenario (statisch oder zyklisch, Zug oder Druck sowie Schub), auf das mechanische Verhalten von Elastomeren sind grundlegend für die technische Auslegung von Elastomerprodukten. Zur Beschreibung des Versagensverhaltens von Elastomeren unter zyklischer oder dynamischer Belastung sind bruchmechanische Konzepte in Industrie und Forschung bereits etabliert. Dabei basiert die Analyse des bruchmechanischen Verhaltens von Elastomeren meist auf makroskopischen Eigenschaften, obwohl (sub-) mikrostrukturelle Änderungen und Schädigungen erheblichen Einfluss haben wer-den. Ein spezifisches Phänomen mikrostruktureller Schädigung ist die Kavitation unter querdehnungsbehinderter Zugbelastung. Infolge geometrischer Zwangsbedingungen und einer dadurch eingeschränkten Kontrahierbarkeit, kann sich bei Zugbelastung ein mehrachsiger Spannungszustand einstellen. Infolge dessen können sich Defekte, sogenannte Kavitäten, bilden. Diese Kavitäten wachsen bei zunehmender äußerer Belastung und bauen dadurch die Zwangsbedingungen sowie die inneren Spannungen ab. Das Wissen über den Kavitationsprozess bei Elastomeren ist grundlegend für das Verständnis des makroskopischen Versagensverhaltens, doch bislang nur eingeschränkt vorhanden. In dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden für in situ Experimente, wie Dilatometrie und Mikrotomographie, entwickelt und optimiert. Dadurch konnte die Kavitation in Elastomeren umfassend untersucht und der Schädigungsverlauf mit aussagekräftigen Kennwerten beschrieben werden. Verschiedene Einflussfaktoren, wie Netzwerkeigenschaften und Füllstoffverstärkung, wurden ebenso beleuchtet wie der Einfluss von geometrischen Zwangsbedingungen. Für die Experimente wurden spezielle Prüfkörper verwendet, die du, The deformation and failure behavior of rubbers is significantly influenced by the chemical composition and loading conditions. Investigations on how loading parameters, such as strain rate or type of loading, e.g. quasi-static vs. cyclic or tension vs. compression, affect the mechanical behavior of rubbers are elementary for designing elastomeric products. Some fracture mechanical concepts describing the failure behavior of rubbers are widely accepted in industrial and academic research Although structural changes on the network scale may affect the mechanical properties of rubbers, the most common failure analyses are based on macroscopic approaches not considering microscopic damage. A specific phenomenon in (micro-) structural failure is cavitation due to strain constraints. Under geometrical constraints, the lateral contraction is suppressed. As a result, stress triaxiality causes inhomogeneous, nonaffine deformation and internal defects, so-called cavities, appear. The formation and growth of cavities release stress and reduce the degree of constraints. Although cavitation in rubber has been studied for several decades, the knowledge about the fundamental mechanisms triggering the cavitation process is still very limited. This study aimed to characterize and describe the cavitation process comprehensively using convincing material parameters. Therefore several influencing factors, such as network properties and filler reinforcement, have been considered. Hence, advanced experimental methods, such as dilatometry and microtomography have been used for in situ investigations. Thin disk-shaped rubber samples have been used to prepare pancake specimens, which are characterized by a high aspect ratio. As a result, the degree of stress triaxiality is high and the dominating hydrostatic tensile stress causes the initiation of cavitation. For unfilled and carbon black reinforced styrene-butadiene-rubbers the onset of cavitation was determined precisely by highly sensit
- Published
- 2020
20. Fundamental studies on dynamic wear behavior of SBR rubber compounds modified by SBR rubber powder
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Michael, Hannes, Gehde, Michael, Stocek, Radek, Kratina, Ondrej, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, Saal, Wolfgang, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, and Tomas Bata University Zlin
- Subjects
Rubber, Rubber Powder, Wear Behavior ,ddc:621.3 ,Gummi, Gummimehl, Verschleiß ,Vulkanisat ,Gummi ,Gummimehl ,Verschleiß ,ddc:620 - Abstract
The aim of this study is focused on the experimental investigation of dynamic wear behavior of carbon black filled rubber compounds comprising pristine styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) together with incorporated SBR ground rubber (rubber powder). We also analyzed and described quantitatively the service conditions of some dynamically loaded rubber products, which are liable to wear (e.g. conveyor belts, tires). Beside the well-known standard test method to characterize wear resistance at steady-state conditions, we used an own developed testing equipment based on gravimetric determination of mass loss of rubber test specimen to investigate the influence of rubber powder content on dynamic wear depending on varying impact energy levels. Incorporation of SBR rubber powder in SBR rubber compounds increases wear. With increasing rubber powder content the wear at steady-state conditions progressively increases. However, the level of wear at dynamic loading conditions increases only once, but stays constant subsequently even with contents of incorporated rubber powder.
- Published
- 2015
21. Fundamental studies on dynamic wear behavior of SBR rubber compounds modified by SBR rubber powder
- Author
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Technische Universität Chemnitz, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Tomas Bata University Zlin, Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Michael, Hannes, Gehde, Michael, Stocek, Radek, Kratina, Ondrej, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, Saal, Wolfgang, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Tomas Bata University Zlin, Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Michael, Hannes, Gehde, Michael, Stocek, Radek, Kratina, Ondrej, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, and Saal, Wolfgang
- Abstract
The aim of this study is focused on the experimental investigation of dynamic wear behavior of carbon black filled rubber compounds comprising pristine styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) together with incorporated SBR ground rubber (rubber powder). We also analyzed and described quantitatively the service conditions of some dynamically loaded rubber products, which are liable to wear (e.g. conveyor belts, tires). Beside the well-known standard test method to characterize wear resistance at steady-state conditions, we used an own developed testing equipment based on gravimetric determination of mass loss of rubber test specimen to investigate the influence of rubber powder content on dynamic wear depending on varying impact energy levels. Incorporation of SBR rubber powder in SBR rubber compounds increases wear. With increasing rubber powder content the wear at steady-state conditions progressively increases. However, the level of wear at dynamic loading conditions increases only once, but stays constant subsequently even with contents of incorporated rubber powder.
- Published
- 2016
22. Fracture behavior of rubber powder modified rubber blends applied for conveying belt top covers
- Author
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Tomas Bata Universität, Euchler, Eric, Stocek, Radek, Gehde, Michael, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, Saal, Wolfgang, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Tomas Bata Universität, Euchler, Eric, Stocek, Radek, Gehde, Michael, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, Saal, Wolfgang, and Kipscholl, Reinhold
- Abstract
The aim of this study is concentrated on the experimental investigation of wear resistance of rubber powder modified rubber blends. Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) blends applied for conveying belt top covers have been modified by ground rubber (rubber powder) based on SBR. We theoretically described the rubber wear mechanism due to loading conditions occurring at conveyor belts in the field, to simulate wear behavior of top cover rubber materials. An own developed testing equipment based on gravimetric determination of mass loss of rubber test specimen was used investigating dynamic wear with respect to fracture properties of top cover materials. Furthermore we investigated fatigue crack growth (FCG) data over a broad range of tearing energy by Tear Analyzer to characterize crack propagation behavior of rubber powder modified rubber blends. Thus, we demonstrate the influence of rubber powder on resistance against occurrence of fracture as well as dynamic wear as a function of the rubber powder content in rubber blends applied for conveying belt top covers.
- Published
- 2016
23. Chip & Cut Tests an Elastomeren
- Author
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Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Tomas Bata University Zlin, Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Michael, Hannes, Gehde, Michael, Stocek, Radek, Kratina, Ondrej, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Tomas Bata University Zlin, Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Michael, Hannes, Gehde, Michael, Stocek, Radek, Kratina, Ondrej, and Kipscholl, Reinhold
- Abstract
Dieser Vortrag stellt einen neuartigen Prüfstand vor, mit welchem das Chip & Cut Verhalten von Elastomeren charakterisiert werden kann. Sowohl theoretischer Hintergrund als auch praktische Erkenntnisse werden diskutiert. Die Vorstellung der Praxisrelevanz dieser Untersuchungen steht im Fokus des Vortrags.
- Published
- 2016
24. The influence of thermal ageing of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber vulcanizates on steady state and dynamic wear behaviour
- Author
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Kratina, Ondřej, Stoček, Radek, Euchler, Eric, Kratina, Ondřej, Stoček, Radek, and Euchler, Eric
- Abstract
The aim of this work is to explore the influence of thermal ageing on wear resistance of cured rubber which has been based on varied composition of Natural rubber/Styrene butadiene rubber compounds. The thermal ageing process has been performed in a heating chamber at the temperature 80 degrees C during 4 and 16 days, respectively. The wear behaviour has been analysed at steady state as well as at dynamic conditions. The qualitative parameter "weight loss" has been observed during the analysis based on both of methods. We demonstrate the relationship between rubber composition, based on varied ratio of rubber types, and varied wear processes in dependence on thermal ageing.
- Published
- 2016
25. Fracture behavior of rubber powder modified rubber blends applied for conveying belt top covers
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, Stocek, Radek, Gehde, Michael, Bunzel, Jörg-Michael, Saal, Wolfgang, Kipscholl, Reinhold, and Tomas Bata Universität
- Subjects
ddc:621.3 ,Conveyor Belts, Rubber Materials, Ground Rubber, Dynamic Wear, Fracture Behavior ,Vulkanisat ,Gummi ,Gummimehl ,Verschleiß ,ddc:620 ,Förderband, Gummi, Gummimehl, Dynamischer Verschleiß, Reißverhalten - Abstract
The aim of this study is concentrated on the experimental investigation of wear resistance of rubber powder modified rubber blends. Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) blends applied for conveying belt top covers have been modified by ground rubber (rubber powder) based on SBR. We theoretically described the rubber wear mechanism due to loading conditions occurring at conveyor belts in the field, to simulate wear behavior of top cover rubber materials. An own developed testing equipment based on gravimetric determination of mass loss of rubber test specimen was used investigating dynamic wear with respect to fracture properties of top cover materials. Furthermore we investigated fatigue crack growth (FCG) data over a broad range of tearing energy by Tear Analyzer to characterize crack propagation behavior of rubber powder modified rubber blends. Thus, we demonstrate the influence of rubber powder on resistance against occurrence of fracture as well as dynamic wear as a function of the rubber powder content in rubber blends applied for conveying belt top covers.
- Published
- 2014
26. A Study of Correlation between Crack Initiation during Dynamic Wear Process and Fatigue Crack Growth of Reinforced Rubber Materials
- Author
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Euchler, Eric, primary, Kratina, Ondrej, additional, Stoček, Radek, additional, and Gehde, Michael, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Study of the relationship between fatigue crack growth and dynamic chip & cut behavior of reinforced rubber materials
- Author
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Stoček, Radek, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Euchler, Eric, Heinrich, Gert, Stoček, Radek, Kipscholl, Reinhold, Euchler, Eric, and Heinrich, Gert
- Abstract
This work focuses on the experimental investigation of rubber fracture behavior due to fatigue crack growth (FCG) as well as on the dynamic chip and cut (CC) analysis. We firstly show a relationship between FCG and CC for rubber blends composed of natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber (EPDM). As specific results the rate of crack growth rate at given tearing energy and of dynamic rubber wear depending on the corresponding blend compositions are shown. A comprehensive description is also presented of a newly developed advanced CC measuring concept that allows an exactly quantified determination of the relation between damaging energy and its effects.
- Published
- 2014
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