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18 results on '"European Project : 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM ( 2013 )"'

1. Morphology of Hydrated Nafion through a Quantitative Cluster Analysis: A Case Study Based on Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations

Author

Deborah J. Jones, Stephen J. Paddison, Sara Cavaliere, Jacques Rozière, Hongjun Liu, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Tennessee, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier ( ICGM ICMMM ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), European Project : 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM ( 2013 ), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Rod, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nafion, Proton transport, Cluster (physics), Physics::Chemical Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Range (particle radiation), Dissipative particle dynamics, Percolation threshold, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, General Energy, chemistry, Chemical physics, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, SPHERES, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The evolution of the hydrated morphology of Nafion over a range of water contents was quantified through the cluster analysis method. Our findings are in contrast with those solely based on the radial distribution functions (RDFs) where cluster size and separation are approximated by certain characteristics of the RDF. The quantitative cluster analysis along with realistic microscopic images colored by unique IDs leads to a wealth of information on water domain size, shape, and connectivity, which is essential for a mechanistic understanding of proton transport. The percolation threshold of the water domains in hydrated Nafion was found to occur at a hydration level of 5 H2O/SO3H. Below the threshold, isolated individual water clusters cannot contribute to the ion transport. Water clusters grow from small aggregates into larger spheres, elongated rods, and branched and twisted cylinders as the hydration level increases. Beyond the threshold, the percolating water network is conspicuously dominant in the m...

Published
2018
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2. Scaling Behavior of Nafion with Different Model Parameterizations in Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations

Author

Sara Cavaliere, Hongjun Liu, Jacques Rozière, Deborah J. Jones, Stephen J. Paddison, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Tennessee, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier ( ICGM ICMMM ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), European Project : 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM ( 2013 ), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Organic Chemistry, Dissipative particle dynamics, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, [ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Nafion, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Materials Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0210 nano-technology, Scaling, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018
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3. Strategies to Hierarchical Porosity in Carbon Nanofiber Webs for Electrochemical Applications

Author

Sara Cavaliere, Deborah J. Jones, Frédéric Jaouen, Svitlana Yarova, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces (LMI), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The research leading to these results has received funding from the French National Research Agencyunder the CAT2CAT contract (ANR-16-CE05-0007). SC acknowledges the financial support from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC GrantAgreement n. 306682 and the French IUF., European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-16-CE05-0007,CAT2CAT,Des catalyseurs aux cathodes: Une approche d'architecture contrôlée d'électrode pour pile PEM à base de métaux abondants(2016)

Subjects
Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, micropore, mesopore, porogen, Porosity, electrospinning, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Carbon nanofiber, Polyacrylonitrile, carbon nanofiber, ammonia activation, surface area, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, Microporous material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrospinning, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Chemical engineering, porous fiber, 0210 nano-technology, Mesoporous material, Carbon, medicine.drug
Abstract

Morphology and porosity are crucial aspects for designing electrodes with facile transport of electrons, ions and matter, which is a key parameter for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) prepared by electrospinning are attractive for their high aspect ratio, inter-fiber macroporosity and their use as self-standing electrodes. The present work compares several strategies to induce intra-fiber micro-mesoporosity in self-standing CNF webs prepared by electrospinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Two main strategies were investigated, namely i) a templating method based on the addition of a porogen (polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Nafion&reg, or ZnCl2) in the electrospinning solution of PAN, or ii) the activation in ammonia of previously formed CNF webs. The key result of this study is that open intra-fiber porosity could be achieved only when the strategies i) and ii) were combined. When each approach was applied separately, only closed intra-fiber porosity or no intra-fiber porosity was observed. In contrast, when both strategies were used in combination all CNF webs showed high mass-specific areas in the range of 325 to 1083 m2&middot, g&minus, 1. Selected webs were also characterized for their carbon structure and electrical conductivity. The best compromise between high porosity and high electrical conductivity was identified as the fibrous web electrospun from PAN and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Published
2019
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4. Self-supported carbon nanofibers as negative electrodes for K-ion batteries: Performance and mechanism

Author

Filippo Farina, Sara Cavaliere, Lorenzo Stievano, Hervé Martinez, Laure Monconduit, Justine Touja, Patrik Johansson, Lénaïc Madec, Athmane Boulaoued, Joachim Wallenstein, Laure Caracciolo, Vincent Gabaudan, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Advanced Lithium Energy Storage Systems - ALISTORE-ERI (ALISTORE-ERI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0076,STORE-EX,Laboratory of excellency for electrochemical energy storage(2010), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), European Project: 28721,ALISTORE, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Materials science, Potassium hexafluorophosphate, Carbon nanofiber, General Chemical Engineering, Intercalation (chemistry), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Electrode, Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology, Faraday efficiency
Abstract

Self-standing carbon nanofibers (CNF) were electrospun and tested in K-ion batteries (KIB). The comparison of the electrochemical performance of KIB using potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) and potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF6) carbonate-based electrolytes revealed that, despite the coulombic efficiency is more readily stabilized with KFSI than with KPF6, the long-term cycling is quite the same, with a specific capacity of 200 mAh.g−1 for the CNF electrode. Post-mortem X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows a more stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for KIB employing KFSI. Finally, the K+ ion storage mechanism was investigated by combining cyclic voltammetry and operando Raman spectroscopy, showing a combination of adsorption and intercalation processes. The rate capability is, however, better with the KPF6 salt due to SEI layers formed at both CNF and K metal electrode, highlighting that full cell may lead to even superior results.

Published
2020
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5. Preparation of Ni@Pt core@shell conformal nanofibre oxygen reduction electrocatalysts via microwave-assisted galvanic displacement

Author

Deborah J. Jones, Jacques Rozière, Filippo Farina, Sara Cavaliere, Lorenzo Stievano, Giorgio Ercolano, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Projets ERC et FCHJU et IUF, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), European Project: 700127,H2020,H2020-JTI-FCH-2015-1,INSPIRE(2016), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 010405 organic chemistry, Shell (structure), chemistry.chemical_element, Core (manufacturing), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Electrocatalyst, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Thermal, Galvanic cell, Platinum, Displacement (fluid), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Galvanic displacement is widely used for material preparation in high-tech and electronics industries, and in the last years has also found application for preparation of advanced electrocatalysts. Herein, the use of microwave irradiation is developed as an alternative means of energy delivery to increase galvanic exchange kinetics and significantly reduce the reaction time. By this means, Ni@Pt core@shell nanofibres with controlled platinum shell thickness and the Pt/Ni ratio are synthesised by an extremely fast and reproducible route. The reaction time is reduced 200-fold compared to the conventional thermal galvanic reaction. Furthermore, using microwave-assisted exchange, Pt forms a shell cleanly separated from the Ni core allowing their direct use as an electrocatalyst.

Published
2019
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6. Designing heterogeneities and interfaces with nanofibers in proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications

Author

Zatoń, Marta, Cavaliere, Sara, Jones, Deborah, Roziere, Jacques, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), A. Barhoum, M. Bechelany, A. Makhlouf, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), European Project: 671465,H2020,H2020-JTI-FCH-2014-1,VOLUMETRIQ(2015), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cavaliere, Sara, Electrospinning: a method to elaborate membrane-electrode assemblies for fuel cells - SPINAM - - EC:FP7:ERC2013-01-01 - 2017-12-31 - 306682 - VALID, Volume Manufacturing of PEM FC Stacks for Transportation and In-line Quality Assurance - VOLUMETRIQ - - H20202015-09-01 - 2018-08-31 - 671465 - VALID, and A. Barhoum, M. Bechelany, A. Makhlouf

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

7. Thin Metal Structures and Metal Oxide Supports for Durable Ultra-Low PGM Fuel Cell Cathodes

Author

HAIDAR, Fatima, Université de Montpellier (UM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Uuniversité de Montpellier, Deborah JONES, and European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013)

Subjects
oxygen reduction reaction, Pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons, dépôt sous potentiel, corrosion resistant support, under-potential deposition, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, électrofilage, Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, platine, nanofibres, tantale, réaction de réduction de l’oxygène, oxydes métalliques, metal oxides, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, déplacement galvanique, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, oxyde d’étain, platinum, galvanic displacement, support résistant à la corrosion, electrospinning, tantalum, tin oxide
Abstract

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are clean and efficient energy converters. Their accessible power ranges allow their use in the field of transport or stationary applications. Two main challenges concern the cathode deployment: i) The reduction of the amount of low abundant platinum group metal in the catalyst. ii) The enhancement of stability of the catalyst support at high voltage. In this work we present two strategies to address these challenges and improve performance and durability of the cathodes: developing novel ultra-low loaded platinum electrocatalysts and corrosion resistant support materials. To reduce noble metal amount in the catalyst, we developed platinum thin films, which allow maximal electrocatalytic exploitation thus minimal loading. For that, we have used electrochemical methods based on under-potential deposition and galvanic displacement. The thin structures deposited on model substrates were characterized by electrochemical, elemental analysis and microscopy techniques. To prepare corrosion resistant supports, our strategy was the replacement of conventional carbon black with a doped conducting tin oxide. SnO2-based materials have been demonstrated as electrochemical stable supports also promoting platinum activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. In this work, tantalum-doped tin oxide was prepared by electrospinning followed by calcination, leading to a fiber-in-tube morphology. This support was catalyzed with platinum nanoparticles prepared by a microwave-assisted polyol method, and characterized for their physico-chemical and electrocatalytic properties. In particular, stability to voltage cycling was evaluated by ex situ electrochemical analysis. The possibility to associate the extended surface electrocatalyst with the corrosion resistant supports to obtain active and durable cathodes is in progress.; Les piles à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons sont des dispositifs de conversion de l’énergie propre et efficace. Les gammes de puissance accessibles permettent leur utilisation dans le domaine de transport et des applications stationnaires. Il existe deux verrous technologiques à lever pour le déploiement de la cathode: i) la diminution de la quantité de platine dans le catalyseur. ii) l’amélioration de la stabilité du support de catalyseur à haut potentiel. Dans ce travail, nous présentons deux stratégies qui permettent de faire face à ces problématiques et améliorer les performances et la durabilité des cathodes: développer de nouveaux électrocatalyseurs à très faible quantité de platine et des supports à base de matériaux résistants à la corrosion. Afin de réduire la quantité de platine dans le catalyseur, nous avons développé des nanostructures fines de platine, qui permettent une exploitation électrocatalytique maximale et une quantité minimale de métal noble. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons utilisé une méthode électrochimique basée sur le dépôt sous potentiel et le déplacement galvanique. Les nanostructures fines déposées sur le substrat modèle ont été caractérisées électrochimiquement ainsi que par des techniques microscopiques et d’analyse élémentaire. Pour réaliser un support résistant à la corrosion, notre approche a consisté à remplacer du carbone noir conventionnel par un matériau conducteur d’oxyde d’étain dopé. Les matériaux à base de SnO2 ont démontré leur efficacité comme supports électrochimiques stables mais également efficaces pour la réaction de réduction de l’oxygène. Dans cette étude, l’oxyde d’étain dopé au tantale a été préparé par électrofilage suivi d’une étape de calcination, permettant ainsi d’obtenir des fibres de morphologie tubulaires. Ces fibres ont été utilisées comme support de nanoparticules de platine préparées par la méthode de polyol assistée par micro-ondes, puis caractérisées pour leurs propriétés physico-chimiques et électrocatalytiques. En particulier, la stabilité aux cyclages en potentiel a été évaluée par analyse électrochimique ex situ. La possibilité d’associer l’électrocatalyseur à surface étendue avec les supports résistants à la corrosion pour obtenir des cathodes actives et durables est en cours.

Published
2018

8. Electrodeposition of Two-Dimensional Pt Nanostructures on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG): The Effect of Evolved Hydrogen and Chloride Ions

Author

Deborah J. Jones, Filippo Farina, Jacques Roziere, Mario A. Alpuche-Aviles, Giorgio Ercolano, Pradeep Subedi, Sara Cavaliere, University of Nevada [Reno], Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: CHE-1255387,NSF CAREER, European Project, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Auxiliary electrode, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Materials science, Standard hydrogen electrode, Hydrogen, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 2D growth, 010402 general chemistry, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, lcsh:Chemistry, Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, General Materials Science, platinum, Deposition (law), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, electrochemistry, chemistry, Chemical engineering, electrodeposition, Cyclic voltammetry, 0210 nano-technology, Platinum
Abstract

We discuss the electrodeposition of two-dimensional (2D) Pt-nanostructures on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) achieved under constant applied potential versus a Pt counter electrode (Eappl = ca. &minus, 2.2 V vs. NHE, normal hydrogen electrode). The deposition conditions are discussed in terms of the electrochemical behavior of the electrodeposition precursor (H2PtCl6). We performed cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the electrochemical Pt deposit on HOPG and on Pt substrates to study the relevant phenomena that affect the morphology of Pt deposition. Under conditions where the Pt deposition occurs and H2 evolution is occurring at the diffusion-limited rate (&minus, 0.3 V vs. NHE), Pt forms larger structures on the surface of HOPG, and the electrodeposition of Pt is not limited by diffusion. This indicates the need for large overpotentials to direct the 2D growth of Pt. Investigation of the possible effect of Cl&minus, showed that Cl&minus, deposits on the surface of Pt at low overpotentials, but strips from the surface at potentials more positive than the electrodeposition potential. The CV of Pt on HOPG is a strong function of the nature of the surface. We propose that during immersion of HOPG in the electrodeposition solution (3 mM H2PtCl6, 0.5 M NaCl, pH 2.3) Pt islands are formed spontaneously, and these islands drive the growth of the 2D nanostructures. The reducing agents for the spontaneous deposition of Pt from solution are proposed as step edges that get oxidized in the solution. We discuss the possible oxidation reactions for the edge sites.

Published
2018
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9. Electrospun materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and water electrolysis, dans «Electrospinning - Basic Research to Commercialization

Author

Cavaliere, Sara, Zatoń, Marta, Farina, Filippo, Jones, Deborah, Roziere, Jacques, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), E. Kny, K. Ghosal, S. Thomas, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Cavaliere, Sara, Electrospinning: a method to elaborate membrane-electrode assemblies for fuel cells - SPINAM - - EC:FP7:ERC2013-01-01 - 2017-12-31 - 306682 - VALID, E. Kny, K. Ghosal, S. Thomas, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

10. La conversion de l’énergie mise sur la nanostructuration et les nanocomposites

Author

Cavaliere, Sara, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cavaliere, Sara, and Electrospinning: a method to elaborate membrane-electrode assemblies for fuel cells - SPINAM - - EC:FP7:ERC2013-01-01 - 2017-12-31 - 306682 - VALID

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract

National audience; Les piles à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons sont des dispositifs de conversion de l’énergie appelésà jouer un rôle de plus en plus important dans le contexte de la transition énergétique. Pour rendre plus compétitivecette technologie, il est essentiel d’améliorer les performances et la stabilité des matériaux au coeur de ces dispositifs.Cet article présente un aperçu des avancées et défis à relever concernant les membranes ionomères et lesélectrocatalyseurs, en insistant sur le rôle du contrôle des interfaces dans la nanostructuration et les propriétésdes matériaux nanocomposites.

Published
2018

11. Novel niobium carbide/carbon porous nanotube electrocatalyst supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes

Author

Jacques Rozière, Sara Cavaliere, Yannick Nabil, Deborah J. Jones, Jonathan Sharman, I.A. Harkness, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nanotube, Materials science, Inorganic chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Electrochemistry, Electrocatalyst, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Membrane electrode assembly, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cathode, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Niobium carbide, 0210 nano-technology, Carbon
Abstract

Niobium carbide/carbon nanotubular porous structures have been prepared using electrospinning and used as electrocatalyst supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. They were functionalised with 3.1 nm Pt particles synthesised by a microwave-assisted polyol method and characterised for their electrochemical properties. The novel NbC-based electrocatalyst demonstrated electroactivity towards the oxygen reduction reaction as well as greater stability over high potential cycling than a commercial carbon-based electrocatalyst. Pt/NbC/C was integrated at the cathode of a membrane electrode assembly and characterised in a single fuel cell showing promising activity and power density.

Published
2017
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12. Towards ultrathin Pt films on nanofibres by surface-limited electrodeposition for electrocatalytic applications

Author

Giorgio Ercolano, Filippo Farina, Deborah J. Jones, Jacques Rozière, Sara Cavaliere, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), European Project: 325268,EC:FP7:SP1-JTI,FCH-JU-2012-1,CATAPULT(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Overpotential, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Electrode, Fuel cells, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Platinum, Science, technology and society, Carbon
Abstract

International audience; Novel fuel cell nanofibrous electrodes (NFEs) with higher degree of platinum exploitation and higher durability compared to commercial standards are produced, based on self-standing electrospun carbon nanofiber webs covered by platinum ultrathin nanoislands deposited by high overpotential pulsed electrodeposition.

Published
2017
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13. Surface-Limited Electrodeposition of Continuous Platinum Networks on Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite

Author

Jacques Rozière, Sara Cavaliere, Giorgio Ercolano, Deborah J. Jones, Filippo Farina, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 2D growth, 02 engineering and technology, Overpotential, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, lcsh:Chemistry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, Scanning transmission electron microscopy, General Materials Science, platinum, Pyrolytic carbon, Thin film, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, thin films, chemistry, Chemical engineering, electrodeposition, 0210 nano-technology, Platinum
Abstract

International audience; Continuous thin platinum nanoplatelet networks and thin films were obtained on the flat surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by high overpotential electrodeposition. By increasing the deposition time, the morphology of the Pt deposits can be progressively tuned from isolated nanoplatelets, interconnected nanostructures, and thin large flat islands. The deposition is surface-limited and the thickness of the deposits, equivalent to 5 to 12 Pt monolayers, is not time dependent. The presence of Pt (111) facets is confirmed by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and evidence for the early formation of a platinum monolayer is provided by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy (STEM-EDX) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The electroactivity towards the oxygen reduction reaction of the 2D deposits is also assessed, demonstrating their great potential in energy conversion devices where ultra-low loading of Pt via extended surfaces is a reliable strategy.

Published
2018
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14. Nickel Based Electrospun Materials with Tuned Morphology and Composition

Author

Deborah J. Jones, Jacques Rozière, Sara Cavaliere, Giorgio Ercolano, Filippo Farina, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, nickel oxide, 02 engineering and technology, electrospinning, nanofibers, nickel, nickel nitride, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, Nanomaterials, lcsh:Chemistry, General Materials Science, Nickel oxide, Non-blocking I/O, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrochemical energy conversion, Electrospinning, 0104 chemical sciences, Nickel, chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, Nanofiber, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Nickel is set to play a crucial role to substitute the less-abundant platinum in clean electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices and catalysis. The controlled design of Ni nanomaterials is essential to fine-tune their properties to match these applications. A systematic study of electrospinning and thermal post-treatment parameters has been performed to synthesize Ni materials and tune their morphology (fibers, ribbons, and sponge-like structures) and composition (metallic Ni, NiO, Ni/C, Ni 3 N and their combinations). The obtained Ni-based spun materials have been characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The possibility of upscaling and the versatility of electrospinning open the way to large-scale production of Ni nanostructures, as well as bi-and multi-metal systems for widened applications.

Published
2016
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15. Electrospun Nanofibre Composite Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell and Electrolysis Membranes

Author

Jacques Rozière, Sara Cavaliere, Rakhi Sood, Deborah J. Jones, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Composite number, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, Nanotechnology, inorganic materials, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, chemistry.chemical_compound, General Materials Science, crosslinking, Ceramic, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Ionomer, polymer electrolyte/proton conducting membranes, electrospinning, chemistry.chemical_classification, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Polymer, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, mechanical reinforcement, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrospinning, 0104 chemical sciences, nanofibres, Membrane, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, PEMFC, 0210 nano-technology, crosslinking Contents, DMFC
Abstract

International audience; Large-scale commercialisation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) technology for automotive and stationary applications demands the development of a robust, durable and cost-effective materials. In this regard, ionomer membranes being present at the core of PEMFCs are required to maintain elevated proton conductivity, high mechanical strength and low gas permeability during the lifespan of the fuel cell. These challenges are addressed by investigating novel nano-structured membrane materials possessing long-range spatial organisation of ionic and hydrophobic domains at the micro-and nano-scales. Electrospinning, a versatile and easily up-scalable tool for the preparation of nanofibrous polymers and ceramics with targeted architectures, is being extensively applied for the development of nanostructured electrolyte membranes. This review describes the most important advances in the use of electrospun materials for the preparation of new generation fuel cell proton conducting membranes. It also highlights the challenges to be overcome and the new directions and future application fields of composite nanofibre-based membranes in the broader context of energy materials.

Published
2016
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16. Electrospun nanofibres for low temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Author

Subianto, Surya, Giancola, Stefano, Ercolano, Giorgio, Nabil, Yannick, Jones, Deborah, Roziere, Jacques, Cavaliere, Sara, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sara Cavaliere, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Cavaliere, Sara, Electrospinning: a method to elaborate membrane-electrode assemblies for fuel cells - SPINAM - - EC:FP7:ERC2013-01-01 - 2017-12-31 - 306682 - VALID, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

17. Highly Stable PEMFC Electrodes Based on Electrospun Antimony-Doped SnO 2

Author

Deborah J. Jones, Ignacio Jiménez-Morales, Jacques Rozière, Iuliia Savych, Giorgio Ercolano, Sara Cavaliere, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-12-PRGE-0007,SURICAT,SUpports Robustes et Innovants pour CATalyseur de PEMFC(2012), European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Membrane electrode assembly, Inorganic chemistry, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrocatalyst, Platinum nanoparticles, Tin oxide, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antimony, chemistry, Electrochemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Platinum
Abstract

International audience; High durability and activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was demonstrated for oxide-supported platinum catalysts. The supports were antimony doped SnO2 (ATO) fibres-in-tubes obtained by electrospinning and subsequent calcination. The doping with antimony instead of the already reported niobium, allowed the preparation of tin oxide with electrical conductivity similar to carbon, as well as an increased electrocatalyst loading. Platinum nanoparticles supported on electrospun ATO demonstrated higher electrochemical stability and comparable mass activity to commercial Pt/C during ex situ potential cycling. The in situ fuel cell tests also revealed an improved corrosion resistance with no noticeable degradation of the oxide based membrane electrode assembly (MEA), but a slightly lower performance compared to the MEA with carbon-supported catalysts.

Published
2015
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18. Electrospun Ni nanofibres as Pt supports for PEMFC electrodes

Author

Jacques Rozière, Deborah J. Jones, Giorgio Ercolano, Sara Cavaliere, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), European Research Council, European Project: 306682,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111012,SPINAM(2013), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Oxygen reduction, Electrospinning, 0104 chemical sciences, Metal, Nickel, chemistry, Chemical engineering, visual_art, Electrode, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Galvanic cell, 0210 nano-technology, Platinum
Abstract

A thriving market for emerging and established mobile devices, operating on electrical energy is pushing the research and the market demands towards continuous sustainable and clean sources of energy. In particular key operators of the automotive industry are seeking a leading market position introducing hybrid and electric vehicles. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) provide clean and long lasting electrical energy while being portable and operated at relatively low temperatures and would be the obvious power source for those applications. However a reduction of the fabrication costs and an improved durability are pivotal to a successful market introduction of this technology. A more effective utilisation of the highly priced Pt catalyst and the use of more durable materials for the catalyst supports are the core of the development of novel, market ready PEMFC. A paradigm shift from Pt nanoparticles supported on carbon to thin layers of platinum deposited on metals, metal oxides or carbon could be achieved adopting electrochemical Pt deposition techniques like the galvanostatic displacement of Ni and Cu ions with Pt 1 , self-terminated Pt electrodeposition 2 or electrochemical atomic layer deposition 1. This novel morphologies could push the boundary of Pt exploitation further and vastly increase the stability of the electrodes, therefore the sought after reduction of fabrication costs and increased stability are within the reach of current researches. Electrospinning is a proven technique and is reliable and scalable for the production of nanowires made of several metals 3, metal oxides 4 or carbon 5. The capability to finely control the diameter and composition of the nanowires makes this technique appealing in the search of novel catalyst support materials and morphologies. Our research group is actively testing different Pt deposition techniques on electrospun carbon, metal oxide nanowires, pristine and doped, as well as metallic nanowires. 1. Adzic, R. R. et al. Platinum Monolayer Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts. Top. Catal. 46,249–262 (2007). 2. Liu, Y., Gokcen, D., Bertocci, U. & Moffat, T. P. Self-terminating growth of platinum films by electrochemical deposition. Science 338,1327–30 (2012). 3. Wu, H. et al. Electrospun metal nanofiber webs as high-performance transparent electrode. Nano Lett. 10,4242–8 (2010). 4. Cavaliere, S., Subianto, S., Savych, I., Jones, D. J. & Rozière, J. Electrospinning: designed architectures for energy conversion and storage devices. Energy Environ. Sci.(2011). 5. Qiu, Y. et al. Nitrogen-doped ultrathin carbon nanofibers derived from electrospinning: Large-scale production, unique structure, and application as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction. J. Power Sources 196, 9862–9867 (2011).

Published
2015
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