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Introduction : Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer worldwide. In 2013 a total of 21,524 new cases of lung cancer in Poland and 751 (576 in men and 175 in women, respectively) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship were reported. Aim of the research: To assess the dynamics of changes in lung cancer incidence between 1999 and 2013 in the population of inhabitants of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship by sex. Material and methods : Eleven thousand four hundred and eighteen new lung cancer cases in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in 1999–2013 were analysed. Crude rates (CRs) and age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 105 population were calculated, in general and by sex. The analysis of incidence trends was carried out using joinpoint models. Results : In 2013 a significant decrease by 22.3% in lung cancer incidence was reported in comparison with the year 1999. A significant decrease by 32.3% among men and non-significant increase by 32.3% in lung cancer incidence among women were reported. The relative risk of lung cancer incidence in men decreased by 44.5% compared to women. The trend in ASRs showed a significant decrease by 2.0% per year. In the male population a significant decreasing trend by 2.9% per year and a significant increasing trend by 2.1% per year among the female population were observed. The lung cancer incidence among men in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship decreased, with a simultaneous increase in incidence among women in 1999–2013. Sex was the main factor that differentiated the shaping of incidence trends. A significant decreasing incidence trend among men and a significant increasing incidence trend among women were observed. Conclusions : It is necessary to intensify the primary and secondary prevention of lung cancer in the voivodeship.

Introduction : Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour among females worldwide, including low and middle-income countries. It affects 25% of the female population and yearly is diagnosed in 1.5 million women. Aim of the research : To determine the trends and distributions for invasive and in situ breast cancer incidence rates between 1999 and 2014 in Poland overall and in the voivodeships with the greatest proportion of females aged ≥ 65 years old. Material and methods : Data for 226,146 invasive (C50) and 7865 in situ (D05) breast cancer incidence (1999–2014) for all females was obtained from published data of the Polish National Cancer Registry (NCR). Age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 10 5 person-years for all ages of combined females with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Joinpoint regression was performed to identify log-linear trends in both invasive and carcinoma in situ incidence rates in the analysed voivodeships and in Poland overall. Results : The ASRs of both invasive and in situ breast cancers showed increasing trends over the 1999–2014 period, with different patterns between analysed voivodeships. On average, average annual percent changes (AAPCs) varied from 1.6% to 7.9% annually, while in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship AAPCs remained below 0.9% annually. Conclusions : in situ and invasive breast cancer ASRs in Poland increased between 1999 and 2014. The Annual Percentage Change have slowed since 2004 in the analysed voivodeships, but not in Poland overall. It remains uncertain if breast cancer incidence rates will continue to increase or stabilise over time.

Introduction : Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour among women in Poland. In 2012 invasive breast cancer was diagnosed in 17,000 Polish women. The effective fight against breast cancer is based on activities to prevent its occurrence or to enable early detection of the disease and then its effective treatment (cure). Aim of the research: To assess the prevalence of invasive breast cancer in women in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in 1999–2012. Material and methods: A total of 6079 new female invasive breast cancer cases were analysed. Crude rates (CRs) and age-standarised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 population were calculated. The total value of incidence rates was analysed for all ages (0–85+) and in separate age groups (15–49, 50–69, and 70–85+). Results : In 1999–2012 in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship 6079 new invasive female breast cancer cases were diagnosed. Fifty-three percent of them were in the age group of 50–69 years, 25.0% in the age group 70–85+, and 21.5% in the age group 15–49 years. The incidence of BC in general (0–85+) increased from 41.2/105 in 1999 to 43.8/105 in 2012. In the women aged 15–49 years the value of ASRs of incidence increased. In the age group of 50–69 years the value of ASRs increased from 146.6/105 in 1999 to 163.5/105 in 2012. The increase in the incidence of breast cancer was reported among women in perimenopausal age and in premenopausal women. The decrease in breast cancer cases was observed among young, premenopausal women (15–49 years) as well as among women over 70 years of age. Conclusions: Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship is a region in Poland with moderate risk of breast cancer.

Scarring is a natural process of wound healing. In some cases, however, there is formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids that are the result of collagen decomposition and synthesis. A disturbed scarring process causes functional, aesthetic, and psychological disorders in the patient. Silicone dressings in the form of plasters or gel are used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. A case of pressotherapy of a postoperative scar with the use of non-sterile silicone dressings in a 56-year-old patient treated for breast cancer is described herein. The use of a 2-month pressotherapy of the scar resulted in an improvement in all the assessed parameters. Pressotherapy of the postoperative scar in the patient after mastectomy proved to be an effective and promising method. However, the methods of the scar assessment before and after treatment need objectivity. Pawel Macek, Malgorzata Terek-Derszniak, Anna Lipinska, Ewa Blaszkiewicz, Halina Krol, Stanislaw Gluszek, Stanislaw Goźdź 282 Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne 2015; 31/4 Introduction Scarring is a natural result of wound healing. In some cases, however, there is formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids that are the result of collagen decomposition and synthesis [1, 2]. The cause of the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids is not fully known. Some scars heal well, which leads to the formation of an imperceptible thin line, others are susceptible to the hypertrophy of a scar, and in the worst case, to the conversion into a keloid. A disturbed scarring process causes functional, aesthetic, and psychological disorders in the patient [1, 3]. Frequent symptoms associated with hypertrophic scars and keloids are: itching, pain, and restriction of movement, especially in the vicinity of the joints [4–7]. If left untreated, scars can cause contractures negatively affecting the patient’s health [8–10]. Hypertrophic scars and keloids are usually localised on the skin in the area of the chest, back, shoulders, in places of increased tension, and more often on flexor muscles [8].