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The paper presents the results of geochemical analyses of samples from the Poruba Beds of the paralic series and from the Zaleskie Beds of the limnic series Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB). The contents of the following trace elements and oxides were evaluated using spectrometric method: Cr, Th, U, V, AL2O3, MgO, K2O, P2O5. The following indicators, most commonly used in chemostratigraphy and in the identification of the marine and non-marine sediments ratios, were analyzed: U, Th, Th/U, K2O, Th/K2O, P2O5, Al2O3, P2O5/ Al2O3, V, Cr, V/Cr, and (K2O/Al2O3) / (MgO/Al2O3). The research showed that those ratios may be used to identify sedimentary environments and geochemical correlations of the sedimentary rock sequences in the USCB. Geochemical ratios discussed in the paper allowed distinguishing two populations of samples representing paralic and limnic series.

Dunbarella marine marker horizon has significant stratigraphical importance for the Lublin Coal Basin — LCB (Poland). It sets the boundary between Westphalian A (Langsettian) and B (Duckmantian) and between paralic and limnic sedimentation at the same time. This marker horizon is also the base of the Lublin formation deposits where a main multi-seam coal deposits can be found. The horizon correlates with the Clay Cross Marine Band (England), the Katharina horizon (Germany, The Netherlands) and the Quaregnon horizon (Belgium). The paleontological material taken from recent boreholes provides new data about development of the Dunbarella horizon of the LCB. 32 bivalve species have been encountered and can be assigned to 28 genera. Edmondia, Posidonia, Sanguinolites, Polidevcia, Phestia and Dunbarella are the most abundant in all profiles. Slightly less numerous are gastropods (9 genera), represented mainly by Glabrocingulum and Euphemites, and cephalopods (4 genera), represented mainly by Gastrioceras and Anthracoceras. Very frequent, although not so diverse, are the brachiopods, primarily inarticulate and represented almost exclusively by Lingula. Studies of macrofauna showed the presence of marker species and faunal assemblages typical of the Dunbarella horizon. A distinctive feature of this horizon which was observed was the cyclic sedimentation and associated variability of the fauna spectrum. This is typical for Westphalian marine horizons of Northwestern Europe, including those correlated with the Dunbarella horizon.

The Lublin Formation (upper Westphalian A and Westphalian B) is the main coal-bearing series of the Lublin Coal Basin (LCB). So far, few geochemical studies of the Carboniferous of the LCB have been performed, and there is almost no data on the geochemistry of this series. This paper presents geochemical data for 118 samples from the Lublin Formation, from the central part of the LCB. Major oxide concentrations (Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, P2O5, K2O, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MnO, TiO2, Cr2O3, Ba) were obtained using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Trace and major elements (Zr, Th, Sc, La, U, Cu, Sr, Rb, Ni, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, Na) were analysed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Concentrations of the major and trace elements showed significant diversity, especially in the Westphalian B deposits. The Chemical Index of Alteration, Plagioclase Index of Alternation, and Weathering Index of Parker values, as well as the Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, C and Th/U ratios of the studied samples suggest a high degree of chemical weathering of the source rocks and a prevailing warm, humid climate with some arid episodes. Based on indicators such as Al2O3/TiO2, TiO2/Zr and La/Th, it is suggested that all the studied samples from the Lublin Formation of the LCB were derived from felsic to intermediate igneous rocks, while the Th/Sc ratio suggests a mixed source for these sediments.

Death Valley National Park located in the U.S. states of California and Nevada is one of many units within the Nation- al Park Service established because of their exceptional natural and geological values. Death Valley National Park is renowned worldwide for its perfectly exposed, complex, unique and diverse geological resources. Within the park visitors encounter represen- tatives of many geological epochs, from Precambrian metamor- phic rocks exposed in the Black Mountains to recent desert sedi- ments. This paper presents the geology of Death Valley and some of the most interesting geosites: Zabriskie Point, Badwater Basin

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine amperometrische Methode der Bestimmung von Kupfer(I) mittels Thioacetamid (TAA) in saurem pH-Gebiet beschrieben. Der Strom wird bei konstantem Potential zwischen −0,25 und 0,40 V gegen eine gesattigte Kalomelelektrode gemessen. Auch bei tausendfachemuberschus stort die Anwesenheit von Zn2+, Te+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Co2+ und Ni2+ nicht. Die Reaktion verlauft bei Zimmertemperatur schnell, und der Durchschnittsfehler liegt zwischen 1 und 2%.