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Simple Summary: The EU represents the second largest milk producer at the global level and has the potential to be a key driver of future economic growth. However, the European dairy sector is facing major challenges. To achieve its potential, growth must be delivered from sustainable production systems, which provide viable incomes and an adequate quality of life to dairy farmers, impact less on the environment, and are valued by society. This study focusses on improving the resilience of the dairy farming systems in Europe. Fifteen EU countries participated. Needs and solutions (practices, techniques, and tools) were inventoried by surveys and by a series of local workshops. The solutions were scored by experts, farmers, and stakeholders from the participating countries. The outcomes highlight the diversity in farmer communities and stakeholders in Europe and the practices and techniques most wanted to contribute to building a more resilient dairy sector in times to come. The objective of the EU project Resilience for Dairy (R4D) is to develop and strengthen a self-sustainable Thematic Network on resilient dairy farms in 15 European countries. This article focusses on those solutions (practices and techniques) that are assessed contributing to a resilient dairy farming sector. The opinions of experts, farmers, and stakeholders were collected and scored through surveys and in a series of local workshops. Six key contributing knowledge fields are included: economic and social resilience, technical efficiency, environment, animal welfare and health, and societal perception. Assessing these knowledge fields proved to be a good predictor for measuring resilience. Only the impact fields of animal welfare and health and societal perception overlapped each other in response. This study shows differences in the choice of solutions across Europe. Experts from South and East Europe are more positive about the contribution of solutions to resilience than their colleagues from North and West Europe, except for social life items. Expert and farmer/stakeholder opinions differ regarding several of the solutions. Technical efficiency is a leading strategy. Priority topics of interest are communication with society, renewable energy production, strategic hoof trimming, early detection of diseases, monitoring fertility and health, and calf rearing. Besides resilience, attractiveness and readiness of the solutions were also assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signature verification often entails ambiguous scenarios where a signature may closely resemble multiple reference samples or differ due to inherent handwriting variations. In such cases, a neutrosophic engine can enhance the verification process by addressing the uncertainties and ambiguities present in signatures. This is achieved by representing the features and similarity scores produced by the matching algorithm as neutrosophic sets, thereby capturing the degrees of membership, non-membership, and indeterminacy. However, type-1 neutrosophic logic, which assigns fixed values to these membership functions, proves inadequate in capturing the varying degrees of uncertainty in signature characteristics. This limitation stems from its inability to adjust to different levels of uncertainty. To address these shortcomings, the proposed forensic signature examination approach explores the utilization of type-2 neutrosophic logic. This approach offers greater flexibility and granularity in handling ambiguity, indeterminacy, and uncertainty, thereby enhancing the accuracy of signature verification systems. Type-2 neutrosophic logic facilitates more precise decision-making by allowing for the evaluation of multiple sources of ambiguity and conflicting information. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of employing a type-2 neutrosophic engine for signature verification, particularly in its superior capability to manage uncertainty and variability when compared to type-1 neutrosophic logic. This advancement leads to more accurate False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR) outcomes. Comparative analysis using a benchmark dataset of handwritten signatures reveals that the type-2 neutrosophic similarity measure achieves an accuracy rate of 98%, outperforming the 95% accuracy rate associated with type-1 neutrosophic logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This article describes the application of the A-priori algorithm for defining the rule-based relationships between individual defects caused during the lamination process, affecting the deformation defect of the yacht shell. The data from 542 yachts were collected and evaluated. For the proper development of the algorithm, a technological process of the yacht lamination supported by expert decisions was described. The laminating technology is a complex process of a sequential application of individual laminates according to a special strategy. The A-priori algorithm allowed for obtaining the set of association rules defining the relationships between the defects resulting from the lamination process and influencing the deformation defect of the yacht shell, which is one of the most common errors in yacht production. The obtained aggregated rules were compared with the expert knowledge of the employees of the production, quality control, mould regeneration, and technology departments of the yacht yard. The use of the proposed A-priori algorithm allowed for the generation of relationship rules consistent with the general opinion of experts. Associative rules additionally took into account detailed causes of a specific error, which were not always noticed by employees of specific departments. The assessment of the lamination process using an artificial intelligence algorithm turned out to be more objective, which made it possible to gradually reduce the total number of errors occurring in the yacht shell lamination process, and thus shorten the time needed to repair errors and the total time of producing the yacht.

It is well established in science and technology studies that participation and expert analysis should not be seen as contradictory. Key analytical questions include how both public and expert knowledge contribute to "closing down" and "opening up" appraisals and commitments, and how important these dynamics are in assessing the process and the conditions of democratizing technology. This article examines how the participatory turn has affected nuclear waste governance options in France and Canada. Through cross-case analysis, it describes how at each constitutive step of management programs, public and expert knowledge has followed a variety of pathways in (in)forming commitments, resulting in asymmetrical trade-offs. The term "closing up commitment" is introduced to refer to the way both national governments finally opted for closing the technological options at hand while introducing new conditions that might challenge future actions. We argue that paying attention to this mutation in nuclear governance allows for a more detailed analysis of power distributions in science and technology governance than a critical approach that rejects any closure because it can be (and often is) the result of an instrumental approach undertaken by the incumbent actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we present a novel machine learning framework for web server anomaly detection that uniquely combines the Isolation Forest algorithm with expert evaluation, focusing on individual user activities within NGINX server logs. Our approach addresses the limitations of traditional methods by effectively isolating and analyzing subtle anomalies in vast datasets. Initially, the Isolation Forest algorithm was applied to extensive NGINX server logs, successfully identifying outlier user behaviors that conventional methods often overlook. We then employed DBSCAN for detailed clustering of these anomalies, categorizing them based on user request times and types. A key innovation of our methodology is the incorporation of post-clustering expert analysis. Cybersecurity professionals evaluated the identified clusters, adding a crucial layer of qualitative assessment. This enabled the accurate distinction between benign and potentially harmful activities, leading to targeted responses such as access restrictions or web server configuration adjustments. Our approach demonstrates a significant advancement in network security, offering a more refined understanding of user behavior. By integrating algorithmic precision with expert insights, we provide a comprehensive and nuanced strategy for enhancing cybersecurity measures. This study not only advances anomaly detection techniques but also emphasizes the critical need for a multifaceted approach in protecting web server infrastructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RELEVANCE. Increasing energy efficiency is one of the necessary conditions for modernizing the Russian economy. High energy intensity and energy efficiency analysis are due to the combined influence of a number of factors, both global and private. Thus, for electric grid organizations the problem of energy efficiency is a priority. Having at their disposal electrical grid facilities, including points of reception and transmission of electrical energy, electrical equipment and power transmission lines, electrical grid organizations incur huge losses caused by losses during the transmission of electrical energy, losses associated with the unaccounted share of electricity, as well as third-party factors. OBJECT. Conduct an analysis of the energy efficiency of an electric grid organization that has 10 branches. Form a hierarchy of energy efficiency indicators, determine the impact of each indicator on the integral indicator that reflects the energy efficiency of the facility. Conduct benchmarking, identify leaders and outsiders among power grid organizations. METHODS. To calculate the weight coefficients, the method of analysis of hierarchies in the classical and fuzzy formulations was used. Energy efficiency benchmarking was carried out by ranking power grid organizations according to the integral indicator of energy efficiency. RESULTS. A three-level hierarchy of energy efficiency indicators has been formed. A decision-making algorithm is presented when analyzing the energy efficiency of energy industry facilities. The weight coefficients of indicators and integral values of energy efficiency of organizations are calculated. The indicators that have the greatest impact on the overall efficiency of the facility were identified. A summary diagram of comparison of all branches has been formed, the most and least successful organizations have been identified. CONCLUSIONS. The analysis of energy efficiency, carried out using two methods of analysis of hierarchies, made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the classical representation of the method. Determination of leaders within the branch structure of the electric grid organization allows us to analyze the methods used to improve energy efficiency, as well as to introduce them in the future to less successful branches.

The objective of the EU project Resilience for Dairy (R4D) is to develop and strengthen a self-sustainable Thematic Network on resilient dairy farms in 15 European countries. This article focusses on those solutions (practices and techniques) that are assessed contributing to a resilient dairy farming sector. The opinions of experts, farmers, and stakeholders were collected and scored through surveys and in a series of local workshops. Six key contributing knowledge fields are included: economic and social resilience, technical efficiency, environment, animal welfare and health, and societal perception. Assessing these knowledge fields proved to be a good predictor for measuring resilience. Only the impact fields of animal welfare and health and societal perception overlapped each other in response. This study shows differences in the choice of solutions across Europe. Experts from South and East Europe are more positive about the contribution of solutions to resilience than their colleagues from North and West Europe, except for social life items. Expert and farmer/stakeholder opinions differ regarding several of the solutions. Technical efficiency is a leading strategy. Priority topics of interest are communication with society, renewable energy production, strategic hoof trimming, early detection of diseases, monitoring fertility and health, and calf rearing. Besides resilience, attractiveness and readiness of the solutions were also assessed.

This work aims to present a detailed evaluation instrument with the best possible operating conditions for the analysis of academic journals, from the point of view of the research staff. This protocol is based on the identification and operationalization of indicators previously obtained through the heuristic analysis method, a systematic review and expert observation. This work has resulted in a multidimensional characterization instrument composed of 31 indicators–each with its description, examination procedure and examples–articulated in seven major parameters: impact, dissemination, submission process, costs, journal services and commitment to both the European Research Council (ERC) Plan S and the DORA declaration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ever since mankind has known the world around him and space, he has been trying to find a suitable alternative for his current residence, the Earth. In this research, two main criteria for buildings on Mars and their information management were extracted by checking the library of studies on Mars. These two main criteria are the components of the building and the internal components of the building. The criteria for building components include the health of walls, the health of roofs, meteor protection, the health of facilities, and the health of windows (air exchange), and the internal components of the building, including air temperature, air pressure, ambient oxygen, ambient carbon dioxide, humidity, and the amount of light. These criteria, which were extracted from the library materials, were screened using the fuzzy Delphi method, which is one of the most accurate criteria screening methods and is completed by experts. After the opinions of experts, the criteria of health of walls, health of roofs, health of facilities, rejection, air exchange, ambient temperature, and oxygen content were extracted as final criteria. The results of the experts' paired questionnaire were analyzed using the fuzzy AHP method, and the health criteria of the walls, the health of the ceilings, and air exchange have the first priority; the criteria of the ambient temperature and oxygen level are the second priority; and the criteria of the facilities are the last priority. These were placed as a suggestion, and it can be stated to the researchers that these priorities should be implemented in the blockchain platform so that the building information management system (BIM) works well in buildings on Mars and against any intrusion or damage. Being resistant, but it seems that the experts considered the components of the building separately from its protective components and put components such as the health of the window as a guarantee of the architecture of Martian buildings and did not include them as part of the main criteria of the research. Also, this research can be used as background for other research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various tools used in quality assessment of new cars by expert analysis are studied. Critical analysis of the tools reveals principles for their improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the difficulty of accessing quiet urban areas as defined by the EU Directive 2002/49/EC and of designing new ones, especially in the historical centers, it becomes more and more important to recognize pockets of quiet which can provide visitors with time for their physical and mental restoration. To this aim, an investigation methodology has been developed in previous studies conducted in Naples (Italy), Istanbul (Turkey) and Murcia (Spain) focused on finding and characterization of alternative quiet spaces which could offer opportunities to rest from the surrounding noise, which highlighted the role of non-auditory aspects on the restorativeness of urban spaces, such as green and water elements, or of historic and cultural value. This methodology which includes objective and subjective assessment has been used to characterize and illustrate the potentialities of the existing and potential spaces for restoration within the ancient center of the city of Florence (Italy). Concerning acoustic measurements, the “quietness” is confirmed by the fact that the differences between the sound levels (LAeq) of the surrounding areas and those within selected sites is greater than 9 dB; while the outcomes of the survey confirm the expectations especially concerning the importance and relevance, the cultural value, the historical-artistic elements, the perceived sense of being away and the distinction with the external acoustic environment.

Objectives: Reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) based on the SARSCoV-2 viral RNA demonstration is the gold standard in diagnosis. Data files obtained from PCR devices should be analysed by a specialist physician and results should be transferred to Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS). CAtenA Smart PCR (Ventura, Ankara, Türkiye) program is a local bioinformatics software that assess PCR data files with artificial intelligence, submits to expert approval and transfers the approved results to LIMS. The aim of this study is to investigate its accuracy and matching success rate with expert analysis. Methods: A total of 9400 RT-qPCR test results studied in Ankara Provincial Health Directorate Public Health Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory were compared with respect to expert evaluation and CAtenA results. Results: It was determined that the preliminary evaluation results of the CAtenA matched 86% of the negative and 90% of the positive results provided by expert analysis. 987 tests which CAtenA determined as inconclusive and suggested repeating PCR were found either negative or positive by expert analysis. A significant difference between positive and negative matching success rates and artificial intelligence (AI) based software overall accuracy was found and associated with the missed tests of the AI. Conclusions: As a result, it was suggested there is a low risk of confirming false positive results without expert analysis and test repetitions would cause losing time along with extra test costs. It was agreed that the PCR analysis used in CAtenA should be improved particularly in terms of test repetitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authors of the paper present results of research in the area of deployment and operation of multirotors, i.e., autonomous aerial systems with vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capability. Survey of Czech Army experts’ opinions based on the Delphi method points to the significance of MINI VTOL UAS project undertaking – reconnaissance VTOL autonomous aerial system. The conclusion of the analysis is the identification of the primary applications of and requirements for (concept, system, and training) successful deployment of multirotors, with framing of existing issues of technical, acquisition/program and legislative nature, and determination of their importance. The paper also explores experts’ views to the acquisition and operation of multirotors in Czech Army to achieve their full operational potential, certainly available in the future battlefield. Inconsistent architecture of information sharing was identified by experts as one of the most important issues with the highest likelihood of solution in the upcoming years.

Ever since mankind has known the world around him and space, he has been trying to find a suitable alternative for his current residence, the Earth. In this research, two main criteria for buildings on Mars and their information management were extracted by checking the library of studies on Mars. These two main criteria are the components of the building and the internal components of the building. The criteria for building components include the health of walls, the health of roofs, meteor protection, the health of facilities, and the health of windows (air exchange), and the internal components of the building, including air temperature, air pressure, ambient oxygen, ambient carbon dioxide, humidity, and the amount of light. These criteria, which were extracted from the library materials, were screened using the fuzzy Delphi method, which is one of the most accurate criteria screening methods and is completed by experts. After the opinions of experts, the criteria of health of walls, health of roofs, health of facilities, rejection, air exchange, ambient temperature, and oxygen content were extracted as final criteria. The results of the experts’ paired questionnaire were analyzed using the fuzzy AHP method, and the health criteria of the walls, the health of the ceilings, and air exchange have the first priority; the criteria of the ambient temperature and oxygen level are the second priority; and the criteria of the facilities are the last priority. These were placed as a suggestion, and it can be stated to the researchers that these priorities should be implemented in the blockchain platform so that the building information management system (BIM) works well in buildings on Mars and against any intrusion or damage. Being resistant, but it seems that the experts considered the components of the building separately from its protective components and put components such as the health of the window as a guarantee of the architecture of Martian buildings and did not include them as part of the main criteria of the research. Also, this research can be used as background for other research in this field.

Background. The development of information technologies has led to the intensification of sociocultural interaction, allowed the creation of new systems for storing and processing information, and provided space for users to share their opinions, ideas, and standpoints. Thus, the Internet has become a major social-humanitarian scientific space. In this modern scientific space, one can single out a wide range of studies in psychology that show which topics are most popular and most widely discussed, or which moral grounds the participants of radical political movements share. Such studies show, for example, that U.S. working people experience psycho-physiological strain, and that infectious diseases spread more easily under modern conditions. Objective. This study focused on the attitude that users of the Twitter social network hold towards money. Design. It was carried out by analyzing the texts of messages posted by Russian and Japanese users (background research) which contained the word “money.” The research methods included program tools for word frequency analysis, semantic grouping of content, and analyzing the emotional nature of informal short messages. To interpret the results, the authors used expert analysis, theoretical justification, and content analysis. Results. We found that Russians’ attitudes toward money can be divided into eight main categories: people, time, country, expenses, economy, philosophical speculations, power, and income. The main economic concerns were centered on the expenses and income coming from salaried jobs. Russians’ major expenses were mainly associated with everyday financial problems. A comparison of Russian and Japanese messages revealed a number of clear-cut psychological differences.

Donor organizations and multilaterals require ways to measure progress toward the goals of creating an open internet, and condition assistance on recipient governments maintaining access to information online. Because the internet is increasingly becoming a leading tool for exchanging information, authoritarian governments around the world often seek methods to restrict citizens’ access. Two of the most common methods for restricting the internet are shutting down internet access entirely and filtering specific content. We conduct a systematic literature review of articles on the measurement of internet censorship and find that little work has been done comparing the tradeoffs of using different methods to measure censorship on a global scale. We compare the tradeoffs between measuring these phenomena using expert analysis (as measured by Freedom House and V-Dem) and remote measurement with manual oversight (as measured by Access Now and the OpenNet Initiative [ONI]) for donor organizations that want to incentivize and measure good internet governance. We find that remote measurement with manual oversight is less likely to include false positives, and therefore may be more preferable for donor organizations that value verifiability. We also find that expert analysis is less likely to include false negatives, particularly for very repressive regimes in the Middle East and Central Asia and therefore these data may be preferable for advocacy organizations that want to ensure very repressive regimes are not able to avoid accountability, or organizations working primarily in these areas.

The current paper is focused on the research of Internet-mediated text as a special kind of oral- written discourse. The Internet has spawned an entirely new form of communication at the intersection of its conventional forms – a “written spoken language” which differs both from standard written speech and standard oral speech. Social network discourse as a result of Internet-mediated communication is characterized by a set of variant and invariant parameters that appear in the verbal and paraverbal characteristics of the digitally processed written text. The text as a product of the intellectual activity of a particular person is a complex structural formation with the laws of relations. The transition to a digital personality significantly affected the process of transmission and formation of the final digital product: text – intertext – quasi-text as a product of multi-stage processing of the initial version of the text. The main factors that characterize social network discourse presented in the article are reflected in the specifics of the texts generated in its process and which are considered as the result of the newest type of Internet-mediated communication. The article presents a paradigm change of linguistic expertology in relation to digital content, considers traditional and the newest approaches to estimating the key linguistic parameters that would allow to solve profiling issues on the basis of Russian speech.

The use of sustainably sourced biomass is an important tool for mitigating the effects of climate change; but biomass is far from being a homogeneous resource. The aim of this study was to examine the decision-making process of industrial end-users considering biomass procurement. An online, two-part survey generated responses from 27 experienced professionals, representing a portfolio of facilities varying in size, technology, and biomass types, across Australia, Canada, Finland, and Sweden. A PAPRIKA conjoint analysis approach was used to analyze the data so that the attributes that influenced procurement decisions could be weighted and ranked. The results provided an insight into end-users' views on factors including facility location, size, and biomass storage, handling, and procurement for different wood-based industrial services. The most important decision-making attribute appeared to be the type of biomass assortment, at individual, national, and aggregated levels. Of seven sub-categories of biomass assortments, sawdust (35%) was the most preferred type followed by stem wood chips (20%) and energy wood (15%). We concluded that, from the end-user's perspective, a pre-defined biomass assortment is the most important factor when deciding on feedstock procurement at a bioenergy facility. These results help us better understand end-users' perceptions of biomass properties in relation to their conversion processes and supply preferences and can inform product development and the securement of new niches in alternative business environments by existing and future biohubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of feasible and effective management decisions as a task of optimal choice of some system parameters and their following realization influences significantly the main goals of the companies and defines its success in a competition. The article contains the statement of theoretical material and practical examples of the development of management decisions, models and methods are exploited in a multicriterial environment.

The article addresses the category of “provocation” as a forensic term that is an interdisciplinary concept in between the legal legal and linguistic concepts of “provocation”. An expert term “speech provocation” has been developed through an expert analysis where the category of “provocation” has been considered from the legal, linguistic, and expert perspectives. As a part of the consideration of the concept in the expert aspect, the relationship between the legal and linguistic categories has been established. The author concluded that as an expert linguistic term in examinations in corruption cases, the term “speech provocation for an offer/payment of a bribe” is used. In this case, the speech provocation is interpreted as a verbal act which incites one of the communicators to commit an unlawful act – to bribe. That is the linguistic contents of the phenomenon legally called “crime provocation". The article also addresses the methodological aspect of the detection of speech provocation.

Nowadays, we are witnesses to an unpreceded growth of infrastructure and technology, especially in the mobile services and applications domain. However, not all mobile applications prove suitable for meeting end-users anticipations. In order for an application to properly address the users’ needs, it has to feature usability or, in other words, be effective, efficient and satisfactory. The aim of this paper is to study agricultural mobile applications available for smartphones in the Greek market and conduct a thorough evaluation of their usability characteristics. The paper materials and methods employed involve the conduction of two separate usability evaluation surveys of five selected agricultural applications. The first one includes a heuristic analysis performed by three experts in design and human factors. The second one is a survey performed with end-users and specifically involves a user group of ten agricultural professionals, who were asked to rate the applications with respect to five different dimensions affecting usability. Both methods included properly composed questionnaires conforming to relevant international usability standards and best practices (such as the ten heuristics of Nielsen) and suitably selected Likert scales. Results show that some of the applications under consideration feature severe design and functionality flaws (e.g. with respect to system feedback and recovery from errors) that could limit their usefulness as well as their impact on farmers’ everyday activities. In conclusion, both of the employed methods acted in a complementary fashion and their joint utilization revealed design flaws that could be addressed and improved in subsequent application development.

Copyright of LHB: Hydroscience Journal is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The presented work is devoted to the development of new approaches to the individual expert analysis of the obtained values of laboratory data. A description of the sequence of the stages of mathematical transformations, the creation of a» panel « neural network, the formation of matrix tables. Referring to their earlier publications, the authors argue that the structural changes in the «panels» of the ratios of indicators formed by the rows of «reference points», despite the same type of displacement of the absolute parameters of the selected value, could in different observations both coincide and differ significantly, while demonstrating the selective relationships that are justified in the known literature data. According to the authors, the proposed algorithm makes it possible to establish hidden links between the dynamics of various laboratory indicators in individual cases, thereby significantly increasing their informativeness. The development and implementation of this method of analysis, firstly, will allow to identify in the individual laboratory data, at least as «Express» method, States (images) corresponding to different complex pathological changes, including those requiring for its diagnosis of labor-intensive and expensive research, and secondly-significantly expand the information content of routine laboratory research and without additional labor and financial costs to be used in any health facilities.

The use of sustainably sourced biomass is an important tool for mitigating the effects of climate change; but biomass is far from being a homogeneous resource. The aim of this study was to examine the decision-making process of industrial end-users considering biomass procurement. An online, two-part survey generated responses from 27 experienced professionals, representing a portfolio of facilities varying in size, technology, and biomass types, across Australia, Canada, Finland, and Sweden. A PAPRIKA conjoint analysis approach was used to analyze the data so that the attributes that influenced procurement decisions could be weighted and ranked. The results provided an insight into end-users’ views on factors including facility location, size, and biomass storage, handling, and procurement for different wood-based industrial services. The most important decision-making attribute appeared to be the type of biomass assortment, at individual, national, and aggregated levels. Of seven sub-categories of biomass assortments, sawdust (35%) was the most preferred type followed by stem wood chips (20%) and energy wood (15%). We concluded that, from the end-user’s perspective, a pre-defined biomass assortment is the most important factor when deciding on feedstock procurement at a bioenergy facility. These results help us better understand end-users’ perceptions of biomass properties in relation to their conversion processes and supply preferences and can inform product development and the securement of new niches in alternative business environments by existing and future biohubs.

In the context of intelligent fully mechanized caving and mining, it is important to consider not only the cutting by the shearer, but also the coal caving at the back of the support and top coal recovery. Compared with intelligent fully mechanized mining face, the characteristic features of intelligent fully mechanized caving face are having more equipment, more complicated working conditions, more possibilities of abnormalities in the production process and more manual remote interventions. In order to ensure the smooth operation of intelligent fully mechanized caving and mining, automatic operation and manual intervention analysis system for intelligent fully mechanized caving face is designed. The definitions of key indicators are defined, such as the automation rate of intelligent fully mechanized caving face and the operation rate of the caving face control system,the shifting rate of automatic following machine of the hydraulic support, shearer memory cutting rate and automatic roof coal caving rate. By collecting the operation information of the main equipment in fully mechanized caving face and the coal mining information, the operation status of each equipment is reviewed and the statistical analysis of automation rate of fully mechanized caving face is obtained. Based on the threshold knowledge information and equipment work-flow of the automatic operation status of fully mechanized caving face, threshold knowledge database of the automatic operation state change of intelligent fully mechanized caving face is established. The database is used to identify the status of production equipment before manual intervention and estimate whether it is suitable to stop automatic operation of production equipment. Based on the in-depth analysis of expert knowledge, a rule database is established. When implementing manual intervention, the database automatically estimates whether the conditions for removing automation are met based on the rules in rule database, and analyzes the reasons for manual intervention. The results show that the system is able to evaluate the automation rate of intelligent fully mechanized caving face, analyze the reasons for manual intervention, and provide a basis for optimizing the control logic of production system.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the accuracy of self-reported (SR) training duration and intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes. Methods: Twenty-four elite cross-country skiers (25 ± 4 y, 67.9 ± 9.88 kg, 75.9 ± 6.50 mL • min -1 • kg -11) SR all training sessions during an ~14-d altitude-training camp. Heart rate (HR) and some blood lactate measurements were collected during 466 training sessions. SR training was compared with recorded training duration from HR monitors, and SR intensity distribution was compared with expert analysis (EA) of all session data. Results: SR training was nearly perfectly correlated with recorded training duration (r = .99), but SR training was 1.7% lower than recorded training duration (P < .001). SR training duration was also nearly perfectly correlated (r - .95) with recorded training duration >55% HRmax, but SR training was 11.4% higher than recorded training duration >55% HRmax (P < .001) due to SR inclusion of time <55% HRmax. No significant differences were observed in intensity distribution in zones 1-2 between SR and EA comparisons, but small discrepancies were found in zones 3-4 (P < .001). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that elite endurance athletes report their training data accurately, although some small differences were observed due to lack of a SR "gold standard." Daily SR training is a valid method of quantifying training duration and intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes. However, additional common reporting guidelines would further enhance accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A range of different methods and tools have been proposed by both academics and professionals in recent years for evaluating the quality of websites. Some are of general application and can be used to assess any type of website, while others have been adapted to the specialized characteristics of the websites employed in a given sector. This paper undertakes an analysis of existing scientific production in this field, with the aim of identifying its most relevant publications, its principal authors and the specific sectors served by the sites under evaluation. By triangulating review methods, 716 texts, published between 2000 and 2018, were identified in Scopus, Web of Science and other databases and examined. In addition to basic bibliographic information, the number of citations received by each text was recorded using Google Scholar. The area of knowledge in which each author works was also categorized based on his or her specific affiliations. The results point to a growing interest in website quality in a scientific community that has a presence in more than 70 countries. Its authors are drawn from various disciplines, although the highest number of publications is recorded in computer science, business and medical informatics. The most frequently cited texts are in fact seminal books in the associated disciplines of usability, information architecture and user experience. However, as of 2007, the number of texts describing evaluation tools for the websites of specific sectors -- most notably, education (33%), health (27%) and commerce (21%) -- increased their share. In conclusion, it is evident that website quality is a field of study undergoing constant growth and increasing specialization and one that offers ample opportunities for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adequate sleep is essential for maintaining individual and public health, positively affecting cognition and well-being, and reducing chronic disease risks. It plays a significant role in driving the economy, public safety, and managing health care costs. Digital tools, including websites, sleep trackers, and apps, are key in promoting sleep health education. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT (OpenAI, Microsoft Corp) offers accessible, personalized advice on sleep health but raises concerns about potential misinformation. This underscores the importance of ensuring that AI-driven sleep health information is accurate, given its significant impact on individual and public health, and the spread of sleep-related myths., Objective: This study aims to examine ChatGPT's capability to debunk sleep-related disbeliefs., Methods: A mixed methods design was leveraged. ChatGPT categorized 20 sleep-related myths identified by 10 sleep experts and rated them in terms of falseness and public health significance, on a 5-point Likert scale. Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and interrater agreement were also calculated. A qualitative comparative analysis was also conducted., Results: ChatGPT labeled a significant portion (n=17, 85%) of the statements as "false" (n=9, 45%) or "generally false" (n=8, 40%), with varying accuracy across different domains. For instance, it correctly identified most myths about "sleep timing," "sleep duration," and "behaviors during sleep," while it had varying degrees of success with other categories such as "pre-sleep behaviors" and "brain function and sleep." ChatGPT's assessment of the degree of falseness and public health significance, on the 5-point Likert scale, revealed an average score of 3.45 (SD 0.87) and 3.15 (SD 0.99), respectively, indicating a good level of accuracy in identifying the falseness of statements and a good understanding of their impact on public health. The AI-based tool showed a sensitivity of 85% and a positive predictive value of 100%. Overall, this indicates that when ChatGPT labels a statement as false, it is highly reliable, but it may miss identifying some false statements. When comparing with expert ratings, high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between ChatGPT's appraisals and expert opinions could be found, suggesting that the AI's ratings were generally aligned with expert views on falseness (ICC=.83, P<.001) and public health significance (ICC=.79, P=.001) of sleep-related myths. Qualitatively, both ChatGPT and sleep experts refuted sleep-related misconceptions. However, ChatGPT adopted a more accessible style and provided a more generalized view, focusing on broad concepts, while experts sometimes used technical jargon, providing evidence-based explanations., Conclusions: ChatGPT-4 can accurately address sleep-related queries and debunk sleep-related myths, with a performance comparable to sleep experts, even if, given its limitations, the AI cannot completely replace expert opinions, especially in nuanced and complex fields such as sleep health, but can be a valuable complement in the dissemination of updated information and promotion of healthy behaviors., (©Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Sergio Garbarino. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org), 16.04.2024.)

Copyright of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal / Hrvatski sportskomediciniski vjesnik is the property of Croatian Sports Medicine Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this work is to propose a new operating model to evaluate municipalities' financial distress, based on the analysis of experts and the synergies between the variables that are evaluated in the process. For such purpose, the methodology of decision-making in multi-criteria group will be used, which is implemented by combining the hierarchical analytic process, the Choquet integral, the majority operator, and linguistic information. This new model has been applied to a sample of 120 Spanish municipalities and has allowed the assessment of their financial situation in a powerful manner using a set of variables corresponding to the year 2015. Given the flexibility of the proposed model, the above-mentioned application could be useful for assessing the financial capacity of municipalities in any international context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing methods for auto-technical expertise presuppose selection of some parameters on the basis of the expert’s intuition and experience. Type of a vehicle and its loading rate, road conditions are not taken into account also in the case when deceleration is to be determined. While carrying out the analysis it has been established that an application of special software makes it possible to improve significantly efficiency of the executed works directed on solution of the assigned tasks, to speed up calculation processes, to decrease qualitatively probability of arithmetic errors and provides the possibility to visualize results of the conducted investigations. Possibility of using various models for dynamic motion simulation and collision of vehicles (in the form of 3D-models) has been established in the paper. In such a case specific features of vehicle technical conditions, its loading rate and condition of roadway surface have been taken account in the paper. The given paper also permits to obtain a dynamic display of reconstructed accident mechanism in axonometric projection, to film video-clips when a camera is positioned at any spatial point: road, roadside, raised position, moving vehicle, driver's seat in the vehicle.The paper contains an analysis of possibilities of road traffic accident simulation programs, a statistical analysis that shows significance in differences between simulation results when various programs have been used. The paper presents initial data and results of vehicle speed calculation on the basis of braking track length which have been obtained with the help of road traffic accident express analysis (a classical approach) and PC-Crash when additional influencing factors are taken into account. A number of shortcomings have been revealed while analyzing the simulation results of the applied software. The shortcomings must be removed in the analyzed software products.On the basis of the executed analysis in respect of application of road traffic accident simulation programs it has been proposed to involve responsible and controlling authorities (State Automobile Inspectorate, expert institutions, insurance companies) for practical activity with the purpose to increase the objectivity of the result conclusions.

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University is the property of National Mining University, State Higher Educational Institution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)