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1. The Modular X- and Gamma-Ray Sensor (MXGS)of the ASIM Payload on the International Space Station

Author

Østgaard, Nikolai, Balling, Jan E., Bjørnsen, Thomas, Brauer, Peter, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, Bujwan, Waldemar, Carlson, Brant, Christiansen, Freddy, Connell, Paul, Eyles, Chris, Fehlker, Dominik, Genov, Georgi, Grudziński, Pawel, Kochkin, Pavlo, Kohfeldt, Anja, Kuvvetli, Irfan, Thomsen, Per Lundahl, Pedersen, Søren Møller, Navarro-Gonzalez, Javier, Neubert, Torsten, Njøten, Kåre, Orleanski, Piotr, Qureshi, Bilal Hasan, Cenkeramaddi, Linga Reddy, Reglero, Victor, Reina, Manuel, Rodrigo, Juan Manuel, Rostad, Maja, Sabau, Maria D., Kristensen, Steen Savstrup, Skogseide, Yngve, Solberg, Arne, Stadsnes, Johan, Ullaland, Kjetil, and Yang, Shiming

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The Modular X- and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) is an imaging and spectral X- and Gamma-ray instrument mounted on the starboard side of the Columbus module on the International Space Station. Together with the Modular Multi-Spectral Imaging Assembly (MMIA) (Chanrion et al. this issue) MXGS constitutes the instruments of the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) (Neubert et al. this issue). The main objectives of MXGS are to image and measure the spectrum of X- and $\gamma$-rays from lightning discharges, known as Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), and for MMIA to image and perform high speed photometry of Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) and lightning discharges. With these two instruments specifically designed to explore the relation between electrical discharges, TLEs and TGFs, ASIM is the first mission of its kind.

Published
2019
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2. XIPE: the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer

Author

Soffitta, Paolo, Barcons, Xavier, Bellazzini, Ronaldo, Braga, João, Costa, Enrico, Fraser, George W., Gburek, Szymon, Huovelin, Juhani, Matt, Giorgio, Pearce, Mark, Poutanen, Juri, Reglero, Victor, Santangelo, Andrea, Sunyaev, Rashid A., Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, Weisskopf, Martin, Aloisio, Roberto, Amato, Elena, Attiná, Primo, Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, Luca, Basso, Stefano, Bianchi, Stefano, Blasi, Pasquale, Bregeon, Johan, Brez, Alessandro, Bucciantini, Niccoló, Burderi, Luciano, Burwitz, Vadim, Casella, Piergiorgio, Churazov, Eugene, Civitani, Marta, Covino, Stefano, da Silva, Rui Miguel Curado, Cusumano, Giancarlo, Dadina, Mauro, D'Amico, Flavio, De Rosa, Alessandra, Di Cosimo, Sergio, Di Persio, Giuseppe, Di Salvo, Tiziana, Dovciak, Michal, Elsner, Ronald, Eyles, Chris J., Fabian, Andrew C., Fabiani, Sergio, Feng, Hua, Giarrusso, Salvatore, Goosmann, René W., Grandi, Paola, Grosso, Nicolas, Israel, Gianluca, Jackson, Miranda, Kaaret, Philip, Karas, Vladimir, Kuss, Michael, Lai, Dong, La Rosa, Giovanni, Larsson, Josefin, Larsson, Stefan, Latronico, Luca, Maggio, Antonio, Maia, Jorge, Marin, Frédéric, Massai, Marco Maria, Mineo, Teresa, Minuti, Massimo, Moretti, Elena, Muleri, Fabio, O'Dell, Stephen L., Pareschi, Giovanni, Peres, Giovanni, Pesce, Melissa, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pinchera, Michele, Porquet, Delphine, Ramsey, Brian, Rea, Nanda, Reale, Fabio, Rodrigo, Juana Maria, Różańska, Agata, Rubini, Alda, Rudawy, Pawel, Ryde, Felix, Salvati, Marco, Júnior, Valdivino Alexandre de Santiago, Sazonov, Sergey, Sgró, Carmelo, Silver, Eric, Spandre, Gloria, Spiga, Daniele, Stella, Luigi, Tamagawa, Toru, Tamborra, Francesco, Tavecchio, Fabrizio, Dias, Teresa Teixeira, van Adelsberg, Matthew, Wu, Kinwah, and Zane, Silvia

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

X-ray polarimetry, sometimes alone, and sometimes coupled to spectral and temporal variability measurements and to imaging, allows a wealth of physical phenomena in astrophysics to be studied. X-ray polarimetry investigates the acceleration process, for example, including those typical of magnetic reconnection in solar flares, but also emission in the strong magnetic fields of neutron stars and white dwarfs. It detects scattering in asymmetric structures such as accretion disks and columns, and in the so-called molecular torus and ionization cones. In addition, it allows fundamental physics in regimes of gravity and of magnetic field intensity not accessible to experiments on the Earth to be probed. Finally, models that describe fundamental interactions (e.g. quantum gravity and the extension of the Standard Model) can be tested. We describe in this paper the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer (XIPE), proposed in June 2012 to the first ESA call for a small mission with a launch in 2017 but not selected. XIPE is composed of two out of the three existing JET-X telescopes with two Gas Pixel Detectors (GPD) filled with a He-DME mixture at their focus and two additional GPDs filled with pressurized Ar-DME facing the sun. The Minimum Detectable Polarization is 14 % at 1 mCrab in 10E5 s (2-10 keV) and 0.6 % for an X10 class flare. The Half Energy Width, measured at PANTER X-ray test facility (MPE, Germany) with JET-X optics is 24 arcsec. XIPE takes advantage of a low-earth equatorial orbit with Malindi as down-link station and of a Mission Operation Center (MOC) at INPE (Brazil)., Comment: 49 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables. Paper published in Experimental Astronomy http://link.springer.com/journal/10686

Published
2013
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3. An experimental and theoretical study of the dynamics of atom-molecule scattering

Author

Eyles, Chris J. and Brouard, Mark

Subjects
539.6, Physical & theoretical chemistry, Photochemistry and reaction dynamics, scattering, inelastic, collisions, reaction dynamics
Abstract

In this thesis, a joint experimental and theoretical study of the dynamics of atom- molecule collisions will be presented. The focus of this study will be conducted towards the precise, quantitative theoretical description of the collision dynamics in terms of the vectors k, k', j, and j' (the incoming and outgoing relative momenta associated with the collision, and the initial and final rotational angular momentum of the target diatom respectively) that define the collision, and on the experimental measurement of these vector correlations. Chapter 1 is introductory, providing an overview of the field of reaction dynamics, and the experimental and theoretical methods that exist to treat the collisions of atoms and molecules. This work focusses on the collisions of the spherically symmetric rare gas atoms Ar and He with the open-shell heteronuclear diatomic radicals NO and OH. In particular, the fully quantum state-to-state resolved differential cross-sections for the collisions of NO(X) with Ar (reflecting the k - k' vector correlation), and the collisional cross-sections for the depolarisation of the rotational angular momenta of the NO(A) and OH(A) radicals (reflecting the j - j' vector correlation) have been determined experimentally and theoretically, and the results have been discussed and interpreted in terms of the mechanistic aspects of the collision dynamics, and the features of the potential energy surface that give rise to these. In Chapter 2, the atom-molecule systems that constitute the subject of this work will be introduced in detail. The close-coupled quantum mechanical and quasi-classical trajectory scattering calculations performed as part of this work will be discussed in greater detail, providing a greater insight into molecular scattering theory. The explicit calculation of the quantities of interest (most significantly the differential cross-section, and the tensor/depolarisation cross-sections) will be presented for the quasi-classical and quantum cases, offering the most transparent definitions of these quantities. Finally the mathematical description of the spatial probability distribution of a single vector, a pair of correlated vectors, and three correlated vectors is described in detail, including a discussion of the quantum mechanical nature of the vectors in question. Chapter 3 describes the experimental measurement of the differential cross-sections for the collisions of NO(X) with Ar. A hexapole was used to select uniquely those NO molecules in the |Ω = 0.5; j = 0.5, f> quantum state, allowing full experimental quantum state-to-state selection for the first time. A crossed molecular beam apparatus with (1+1') resonantly enhanced multi-photon ionisation detection coupled with velocity mapped ion- imaging was employed to measure the differential cross-section, and the details of the experimental set-up are provided. The accurate extraction of the true, centre of mass frame differential cross-section from the laboratory frame information yielded by the experiment is something of an involved process, and much of this Chapter will be concerned with the development of a Monte Carlo method to achieve this end. In Chapter 4, the experimental and theoretical fully quantum state-to-state resolved differential cross-sections for the collisions of NO(X) with Ar are presented, having been measured for the first time. Full resolution of the initial parity of the rotational wave- function of the NO molecule has enabled the observation of parity dependent structures within the differential cross-section, and the origin of these structures has been investi- gated, employing quasi-classical, quantum mechanical and semi-classical methods in order to elucidate the mechanism by which they arise. Chapter 5 introduces the measurement of the collisional depolarisation of the rotational angular momentum of the diatom. Rate constants for the collisional depolarisation of j were measured by monitoring the time dependence of the amplitude of Zeeman and hyperfine quantum beats in the (1+1) laser induced fluorescence decays of an ensemble of NO(A) or OH(A) radicals in the presence of a series of background pressures of a collision partner. The creation and subsequent evolution of the polarisation of j induced by the absorption of polarised laser light is described, and the magnitude of this polarisation is linked to the amplitude of the quantum beat in the laser induced fluorescence decay. The extraction of the depolarisation cross-sections from the raw experimental data is discussed, and a Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment is described to account for any additional unwanted experimental factors that may contribute to the loss of polarisation of j. A formalism is also introduced that makes use of the tensor opacities to recover spin- rotation conserving and spin-rotation changing open-shell rotational energy transfer and depolarisation cross-sections from the intrinsically closed shell quasi-classical trajectory scattering calculations. In Chapter 6, the experimentally determined collisional depolarisation cross-sections for the collisions of NO(A) with He/Ar, and of OH(A) with Ar at collision energies of 39 meV/757meV are presented along with their theoretical counterparts. The relative magnitudes of the cross-sections are rationalised in terms of the potential energy surface over which the collision takes place, and the importance of spin-rotation conserving and spin-rotation changing transitions in the depolarisation process is assessed. A detailed study of the ensemble of quasi-classical trajectories is performed to determine the character of the various atom-molecule collisions, and to identify which conditions lead to the most efficient depolarisation of j. The relative importance of the potential energy surface and the collision kinematics is also assessed at this point. The results presented in this thesis thus investigate two complementary expressions of the collision dynamics, the k - k' and j - j' vector correlations, and encompass a variety of collision partners exhibiting vastly differing collision characteristics. As such, this work serves as an illustrative overview of atom-molecule scattering dynamics, containing both experimental and theoretical reflections of the collision dynamics, and relating this information back to the fundamentals of scattering theory.

Published
2010

4. TGFs - "Storm Activity" relationship

Author

Navarro-González, Javier, primary, Connell, Paul, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Reglero, Víctor, additional, López, Jesús Alberto, additional, Montanyà, Joan, additional, Marisaldi, Martino, additional, Mezentzev, Andrey, additional, Lindanger, Anders, additional, Sarria, David, additional, Østgaard, Nikolai, additional, Chanrion, Olivier, additional, Christiansen, Freddy, additional, and Neubert, Torsten, additional

Published
2023
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5. Analysis of signal to noise ratio in coronagraph observations of coronal mass ejections

Author

Hinrichs Johannes, Davies Jackie A., West Matthew J., Bothmer Volker, Bourgoignie Bram, Eyles Chris J., Huke Philipp, Jiggens Piers, Nicula Bogdan, and Tappin James

Subjects
space weather, coronagraph, instrumentation, signal-to-noise, scope, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

We establish a baseline signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement for the European Space Agency (ESA)-funded Solar Coronagraph for OPErations (SCOPE) instrument in its field of view of 2.5–30 solar radii based on existing observations by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). Using automatic detection of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), we anaylse the impacts when SNR deviates significantly from our previously established baseline. For our analysis, SNR values are estimated from observations made by the C3 coronagraph on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft for a number of different CMEs. Additionally, we generate a series of artificial coronagraph images, each consisting of a modelled coronal background and a CME, the latter simulated using the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) model together with the SCRaytrace code available in the Interactive Data Language (IDL) SolarSoft library. Images are created with CME SNR levels between 0.5 and 10 at the outer edge of the field of view (FOV), generated by adding Poisson noise, and velocities between 700 km s−1 and 2800 km s−1. The images are analysed for the detectability of the CME above the noise with the automatic CME detection tool CACTus. We find in the analysed C3 images that CMEs near the outer edge of the field of view are typically 2% of the total brightness and have an SNR between 1 and 4 at their leading edge. An SNR of 4 is defined as the baseline SNR for SCOPE. The automated detection of CMEs in our simulated images by CACTus succeeded well down to SNR = 1 and for CME velocities up to 1400 km s−1. At lower SNR and higher velocity of ≥ 2100 km s−1 the detection started to break down. For SCOPE, the results from the two approaches confirm that the initial design goal of SNR = 4 would, if achieved, deliver a comparable performance to established data used in operations today, with a more compact instrument design, and a margin in SNR before existing automatic detection produces significant false positives.

Published
2021
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8. Brother TGF

Author

Navarro-González, Javier, primary, Connell, Paul, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Reglero, Víctor, additional, López, jesús A., additional, Montanyà, Joan, additional, Marisaldi, Martino, additional, Mezentzev, Andrew, additional, Kochkin, Pavlo, additional, Lindanger, Anders, additional, Sarria, David, additional, Østgaard, Nikolai, additional, Chanrion, Olivier, additional, Christiansen, Freddy, additional, and Neubert, Torsten, additional

Published
2022
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9. Detection of Low-Energy X-rays Using YSO Scintillation Crystal Arrays for GRB Experiments

Author

Kim, Minbin, primary, Ripa, Jakub, additional, Park, Il H., additional, Bogomolov, Vitaly, additional, Brandt, Søren, additional, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, additional, Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., additional, Chang, Sheng-Hsiung, additional, Chang, Yenyun, additional, Chen, Chia Ray, additional, Chen, C.-W., additional, Chen, Pisin, additional, Connell, Paul, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Gaikov, Georgii, additional, Hong, Gihan, additional, Huang, Jian Jung, additional, Huang, Ming-Huey Alfred, additional, Jeong, Soomin, additional, Kim, Jieun, additional, Lee, Jik, additional, Lim, Heuijin, additional, Lin, Chih-Yang, additional, Liu, Tsung-Che, additional, Nam, Jiwoo, additional, Panasyuk, Mikhail, additional, Petrov, Vasily, additional, Reglero, Victor, additional, Rodrigo, Juana M., additional, Svertilov, Sergey, additional, Vedenkin, Nikolay, additional, Wang, Ming Zu, additional, and Yashin, Ivan, additional

Published
2021
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11. A terrestrial gamma-ray flash and ionospheric ultraviolet emissions powered by lightning

Author

Neubert, Torsten, primary, Østgaard, Nikolai, additional, Reglero, Victor, additional, Chanrion, Olivier, additional, Heumesser, Matthias, additional, Dimitriadou, Krystallia, additional, Christiansen, Freddy, additional, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, additional, Kuvvetli, Irfan, additional, Rasmussen, Ib Lundgaard, additional, Mezentsev, Andrey, additional, Marisaldi, Martino, additional, Ullaland, Kjetil, additional, Genov, Georgi, additional, Yang, Shiming, additional, Kochkin, Pavlo, additional, Navarro-Gonzalez, Javier, additional, Connell, Paul H., additional, and Eyles, Chris J., additional

Published
2020
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12. SCOPE: a coronagraph for operational space weather prediction: phase A/B1 design and breadboarding

Author

Middleton, Kevin F., primary, Anwand, Heiko, additional, Bothmer, Volker, additional, Davies, Jackie A., additional, Earle, Andrew, additional, Ergenzinger, Klaus, additional, Eyles, Chris J., additional, Hardie, Robert, additional, Hellin, Marie-Laure, additional, Hinrichs, Johannes, additional, Huke, Philipp, additional, Jiggens, Piers, additional, Kirschner, Volker, additional, Mazy, Emmanuel, additional, McCarron, Thomas, additional, Nicula, Bogdan, additional, Stopfkuchen, Lars, additional, Tappin, S. James, additional, Tosh, Ian A. J., additional, Waltham, Nick R., additional, and West, Matthew J., additional

Published
2019
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13. The Modular X- and Gamma-Ray Sensor (MXGS) of the ASIM Payload on the International Space Station

Author

Østgaard, Nikolai, primary, Balling, Jan E., additional, Bjørnsen, Thomas, additional, Brauer, Peter, additional, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, additional, Bujwan, Waldemar, additional, Carlson, Brant, additional, Christiansen, Freddy, additional, Connell, Paul, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Fehlker, Dominik, additional, Genov, Georgi, additional, Grudziński, Pawel, additional, Kochkin, Pavlo, additional, Kohfeldt, Anja, additional, Kuvvetli, Irfan, additional, Thomsen, Per Lundahl, additional, Pedersen, Søren Møller, additional, Navarro-Gonzalez, Javier, additional, Neubert, Torsten, additional, Njøten, Kåre, additional, Orleanski, Piotr, additional, Qureshi, Bilal Hasan, additional, Cenkeramaddi, Linga Reddy, additional, Reglero, Victor, additional, Reina, Manuel, additional, Rodrigo, Juan Manuel, additional, Rostad, Maja, additional, Sabau, Maria D., additional, Kristensen, Steen Savstrup, additional, Skogseide, Yngve, additional, Solberg, Arne, additional, Stadsnes, Johan, additional, Ullaland, Kjetil, additional, and Yang, Shiming, additional

Published
2019
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16. A CORONAGRAPH FOR OPERATIONAL SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION.

Author

Middleton, Kevin F., Anwand, Heiko, Bothmer, Volker, Davies, Jackie A., Ergenzinger, Klaus, Eyles, Chris J., Halain, Jean-Philippe, Hardie, Robert, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Hinrichs, Johannes, Huke, Philipp, Kennedy, Niall, Kirschner, Volker, Jiggens, Piers, McQuirk, Christina, Nicula, Bogdan, Renotte, Etienne, Shaugnessy, Bryan M., Stopfkuchen, Lars, and Tappin, S. James

Published
2017
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17. Market Intelligence

Author

Eyles, Chris

Subjects
Recessions -- United States, Recessions -- Analysis, Stock markets -- Forecasts and trends, Styrene-butadiene rubber -- Supply and demand, Rubber industry -- Management, Rubber industry -- Economic aspects, Stock market, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Business, international, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

Pic: CHRIS EYLES IF US styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) producers have not been in the best of moods lately, it is understandable, given the signs of a possible summer rerun [...]

Published
2010

18. Features

Author

Eyles, Chris

Subjects
Energy industry -- Laws, regulations and rules, Energy industry -- Management, Government regulation, Company business management, Business, Business, international, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries, Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
Abstract

Pic: Rex Features/Chris Eyles With global fuel needs increasing, better technologies are aiding ethanol producers to increase yields and reduce the use of food-related feedstocks USING ETHANOL as a gasoline [...]

Published
2010

19. Testing and Performance of UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope

Author

Rípa, Jakub, Bin Kim, Min, Lee, Jik, Huang Park, Il, Eun Kim, Ji, Lim, Heuijin, Jeong, Soomin, Javier Castro-Tirado, Alberto, Henry Connell, Paul, Eyles, Chris, Brandt, Søren, and Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory pathfinder (UFFO-p) is a new space mission dedicated to detect Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and rapidly follow their afterglows in order to provide early optical/ultraviolet measurements. A GRB location is determined in a few seconds by the UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger telescope (UBAT) employing the coded mask imaging technique and the detector combination of Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate (YSO) scintillating crystals and multi-anode photomultiplier tubes. The results of the laboratory tests of UBAT’s functionality and performance are described in this article. The detector setting, the pixel-to-pixel response to X-rays of different energies, the imaging capability for

Published
2014

20. SCOPE: a coronagraph for operational space weather prediction: phase A/B1 design and breadboarding

Author

Sodnik, Zoran, Karafolas, Nikos, Cugny, Bruno, Middleton, Kevin F., Anwand, Heiko, Bothmer, Volker, Davies, Jackie A., Earle, Andrew, Ergenzinger, Klaus, Eyles, Chris J., Hardie, Robert, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Hinrichs, Johannes, Huke, Philipp, Jiggens, Piers, Kirschner, Volker, Mazy, Emmanuel, McCarron, Thomas, Nicula, Bogdan, Stopfkuchen, Lars, Tappin, S. James, Tosh, Ian A. J., Waltham, Nick R., and West, Matthew J.

Published
2019
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22. Coronal and heliospheric imagers for solar wind phenomena

Author

Middleton, Kevin F., additional, Bourdelle, Anthony, additional, Davies, Jackie A., additional, Eyles, Chris J., additional, Griffin, Doug K., additional, Harrison, Richard A., additional, Richards, Tony R., additional, Rogers, J. Kevin, additional, Tappin, S. James, additional, Tosh, Ian A. J., additional, and Waltham, Nick R., additional

Published
2015
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23. Testing and Performance of UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope

Author

Ripa, Jakub, primary, Kim, Min Bin, additional, Lee, Jik, additional, Park, Huang, additional, Kim, Eun, additional, Lim, H., additional, Jeong, Soomin, additional, Castro-Tirado, A. J., additional, Connell, Paul, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Reglero, Victor, additional, Rodrigo, Juana Maria, additional, Bogomolov, V., additional, Panasyuk, M. I., additional, Petrov, V., additional, Svertilov, S., additional, Yashin, I., additional, Brandt, S., additional, Budtz-Jørgensen, Carl, additional, Chang, Y., additional, Chen, P., additional, Huang, M. A., additional, Liu, T. C., additional, Nam, Jiwoo, additional, Wang, M. Z., additional, Chen, C. R., additional, Choi, H. S., additional, Kim, Soon-Wook, additional, and Min, K.W., additional

Published
2015
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27. XIPE: the X-ray imaging polarimetry explorer

Author

Soffitta, Paolo, primary, Barcons, Xavier, additional, Bellazzini, Ronaldo, additional, Braga, João, additional, Costa, Enrico, additional, Fraser, George W., additional, Gburek, Szymon, additional, Huovelin, Juhani, additional, Matt, Giorgio, additional, Pearce, Mark, additional, Poutanen, Juri, additional, Reglero, Victor, additional, Santangelo, Andrea, additional, Sunyaev, Rashid A., additional, Tagliaferri, Gianpiero, additional, Weisskopf, Martin, additional, Aloisio, Roberto, additional, Amato, Elena, additional, Attiná, Primo, additional, Axelsson, Magnus, additional, Baldini, Luca, additional, Basso, Stefano, additional, Bianchi, Stefano, additional, Blasi, Pasquale, additional, Bregeon, Johan, additional, Brez, Alessandro, additional, Bucciantini, Niccoló, additional, Burderi, Luciano, additional, Burwitz, Vadim, additional, Casella, Piergiorgio, additional, Churazov, Eugene, additional, Civitani, Marta, additional, Covino, Stefano, additional, Curado da Silva, Rui Miguel, additional, Cusumano, Giancarlo, additional, Dadina, Mauro, additional, D’Amico, Flavio, additional, Rosa, Alessandra De, additional, Cosimo, Sergio Di, additional, Persio, Giuseppe Di, additional, Salvo, Tiziana Di, additional, Dovciak, Michal, additional, Elsner, Ronald, additional, Eyles, Chris J., additional, Fabian, Andrew C., additional, Fabiani, Sergio, additional, Feng, Hua, additional, Giarrusso, Salvatore, additional, Goosmann, René W., additional, Grandi, Paola, additional, Grosso, Nicolas, additional, Israel, Gianluca, additional, Jackson, Miranda, additional, Kaaret, Philip, additional, Karas, Vladimir, additional, Kuss, Michael, additional, Lai, Dong, additional, Rosa, Giovanni La, additional, Larsson, Josefin, additional, Larsson, Stefan, additional, Latronico, Luca, additional, Maggio, Antonio, additional, Maia, Jorge, additional, Marin, Frédéric, additional, Massai, Marco Maria, additional, Mineo, Teresa, additional, Minuti, Massimo, additional, Moretti, Elena, additional, Muleri, Fabio, additional, O’Dell, Stephen L., additional, Pareschi, Giovanni, additional, Peres, Giovanni, additional, Pesce, Melissa, additional, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, additional, Pinchera, Michele, additional, Porquet, Delphine, additional, Ramsey, Brian, additional, Rea, Nanda, additional, Reale, Fabio, additional, Rodrigo, Juana Maria, additional, Różańska, Agata, additional, Rubini, Alda, additional, Rudawy, Pawel, additional, Ryde, Felix, additional, Salvati, Marco, additional, de Santiago, Valdivino Alexandre, additional, Sazonov, Sergey, additional, Sgró, Carmelo, additional, Silver, Eric, additional, Spandre, Gloria, additional, Spiga, Daniele, additional, Stella, Luigi, additional, Tamagawa, Toru, additional, Tamborra, Francesco, additional, Tavecchio, Fabrizio, additional, Dias, Teresa Teixeira, additional, Adelsberg, Matthew van, additional, Wu, Kinwah, additional, and Zane, Silvia, additional

Published
2013
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30. A Forty-Segment Molecular Synchrotron

Author

Zieger, Peter C., primary, Eyles, Chris J., additional, van de Meerakker, Sebastiaan Y. T., additional, van Roij, André J. A., additional, Bethlem, Hendrick L., additional, and Meijer, Gerard, additional

Published
2013
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34. STEREO: Heliospheric Imager design, pre-flight, and in-flight response comparison

Author

Halain, Jean-Philippe, primary, Mazy, Emmanuel, additional, Defise, Jean-Marc, additional, Mazzoli, Alexandra, additional, Rochus, Pierre, additional, Moses, J. Daniel, additional, Newmark, Jeffrey S., additional, Korendyke, Clarence, additional, Howard, Russ, additional, Plunkett, Simon, additional, Eyles, Chris, additional, Harrison, Richard, additional, and Davis, Chris, additional

Published
2007
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40. Uncoupling of reactive oxygen species accumulation and defence signalling in the metal hyperaccumulator plant Noccaea caerulescens.

Author

Fones, Helen N., Eyles, Chris J., Bennett, Mark H., Smith, J. Andrew C., and Preston, Gail M.

Subjects
*HYPERACCUMULATOR plants, *BIOACCUMULATION, *REACTIVE oxygen species, *SALICYLIC acid, *GENE expression in plants, *CALLOSE, *PSEUDOMONAS syringae
Abstract

The metal hyperaccumulator plant Noccaea caerulescens is protected from disease by the accumulation of high concentrations of metals in its aerial tissues, which are toxic to many pathogens. As these metals can lead to the production of damaging reactive oxygen species ( ROS), metal hyperaccumulator plants have developed highly effective ROS tolerance mechanisms, which might quench ROS-based signals. We therefore investigated whether metal accumulation alters defence signalling via ROS in this plant., We studied the effect of zinc ( Zn) accumulation by N. caerulescens on pathogen-induced ROS production, salicylic acid accumulation and downstream defence responses, such as callose deposition and pathogenesis-related ( PR) gene expression, to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola., The accumulation of Zn caused increased superoxide production in N. caerulescens, but inoculation with P. syringae did not elicit the defensive oxidative burst typical of most plants. Defences dependent on signalling through ROS (callose and PR gene expression) were also modified or absent in N. caerulescens, whereas salicylic acid production in response to infection was retained., These observations suggest that metal hyperaccumulation is incompatible with defence signalling through ROS and that, as metal hyperaccumulation became effective as a form of elemental defence, normal defence responses became progressively uncoupled from ROS signalling in N. caerulescens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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