Search

espanolLa familia Caricaceae esta integrada por seis generos principalmente tropicales distribuidos en America y solo uno en Africa, con un total de 34 especies. Para Mexico se reportan cinco generos y ocho especies, solo un genero y una especie presentes en Aguascalientes. Jarilla heterophylla (Cerv. ex La Llave) Rusby, es un nuevo registro para la flora de Aguascalientes, siendo el unico representante nativo de la familia Caricaceae en el estado, se distribuye en el municipio de Calvillo, principalmente en vegetacion subtropical y bosque de Quercus a una altura de 1700-2300 m s.n.m. EnglishThe family Caricaceae is composed of six genera mainly tropical distributed in America and only one in Africa, with a total of 34 species. For Mexico, five genera and eight species are reported, only one genus and one species present in Aguascalientes. Jarilla heterophylla (Cerv. Ex La Llave) Rusby, is a new record for the flora of Aguascalientes, being the only native representative of the family Caricaceae in the state, it is distributed in the municipality of Calvillo, mainly in subtropical vegetation and Quercus forest at a height of 1700-2300 m s.n.m.

Although the family Caricaceae has about 48 species, only Carica papaya produces edible fruits. A large number of cultivars are grown in different papaya-producing countries. The number of cultivars is quite large because of out-crossing in papaya, and these cannot be called cultivars. In India, more than 30 cultivars and hybrids are grown in different states, of which ‘Coorg Honey Dew’, ‘Washington’, ‘Ranchi’, ‘Taiwan’ hybrids, ‘Solo’, CO cultivars (‘CO1’, ‘CO2’, ‘CO3’, ‘CO4’, ‘CO5’, ‘CO6’), ‘Pusa Majesty’ and ‘Pusa Delicious’ are popular. Solo cultivars ‘Kapoho’, ‘Sunrise’, ‘Sunset’ and ‘Waimanalo’ are grown in Hawaii, USA. In the Philippines, ‘Cavity Special’, ‘Sunrise Solo’, ‘Waimanalo’ and ‘Sinta’ (hybrid) are the cultivars. The main cultivar of Taiwan is ‘Tainung 2’, which occupies more than 90% of papaya in Taiwan. There are a few other cultivars, including ‘Sunrise’ (5%), ‘Red Lady’ (4%) and newly released cultivar ‘Tainung 10-OrangeBaby’ (1%). In Vietnam, the most popular cultivar is ‘Dai Loan Tim’, the main purple Taiwan cultivar. The other cultivar grown is ‘Sieu Lun Cao San’, ‘Tainung 01’ occupies 99% of Formosa papaya and 1.0% of Bela Vista in Brazil. Among the Solo group of papaya, ‘Sunrise Solo BS’ is grown for the internal market and ‘Golden THB’ for the export market in Brazil. Australian papaya growers mainly grow red papaya, ‘RB1’, ‘RB2’, and ‘Skybury’, as commercial cultivars, and ‘IB’ and ‘Hybrid 13’ for yellow-fleshed papaya. ‘Khaek Dam’, ‘Khaek Nuan’ and ‘Dampit’ are popular in Indonesia. Mexican cultivars are ‘Mexican Red’, ‘Caribbean Red’, ‘Maradol’, ‘Royal’, ‘Star Papayas’, ‘Singapore Pink’, ‘Higgins’ and some genetically modified cultivars. The mayor cultivars of Malaysia are ‘Batu Arang’, ‘Sitiawan’ and ‘Subang 6’. Other cultivars developed and used as dessert fruit for export are ‘Eksotica’, ‘Eksotica II’ and ‘Sekaki’. In South Africa, ‘Hortus Gold’, ‘Honey Gold’ and ‘Kaapmuiden’ are the major cultivars grown. Thailand growers prefer hermaphrodite red-fleshed cultivars ‘Sai-nampueng’, ‘Khaek Dam’ and ‘Kheg Nuan’. In greenhouse cultivation at Okinawa, Japan, cultivars including ‘Solo’, ‘BH-65’, ‘Tainung 1’, ‘Tainung 2’, ‘Tainung 5’, ‘Maradol’, and ‘Wonder Flare’ are cultivated. This paper will discuss the characters of papaya cultivars growing in different countries of the world.

Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) belongs to the family Caricaceae and is well known for its therapeutic and nutritional properties all over the world. The different parts of the papaya plant have been used since ancient times for its therapeutic applications. Herein, we aimed to review the anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antiviral activities of papaya leaf.All information presented in this review article regarding the therapeutic application of Carica papaya leaf extract has been acquired by approaching various electronic databases, including Scopus, Google scholar, Web of science, and PubMed. The keywords Carica papaya, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and phytochemicals were explored until December 2019.The papaya plant, including fruit, leaf, seed, bark, latex, and their ingredients play a major role in the management of disease progression. Carica papaya leaf contains active components such as alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids, which are responsible for its medicinal activity. Additionally, the leaf juice of papaya increases the platelet counts in people suffering from dengue fever.The major findings revealed that papaya leaf extract has strong medicinal properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, hypoglycaemic and anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, clinical trials are needed to explore the medicative potential of papaya leaf. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract showing the medicinal properties of Carica papaya leaf.

Papaya (Carica papaya L.), one of the extensively studied plants, belongs to the family Caricaceae. Papaya is commonly known for its nutritional and medicinal value worldwide. Many parts of papaya plant such as roots, leaves, peels, fruits, and seeds have nutritional and therapeutic significance. The aim of this review is to consolidate the evidence-based information on papaya's functional activities, collected from online databases (Scopus, Dimensions, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science) up to December 2020. A considerable literature is available detailing biomedical uses of different papaya plant parts which made papaya a treasured nutraceutical plant. Papaya plant possesses valuable phytochemicals such as phytosterols, tocopherols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and carotenoids. These compounds with interesting nutraceutical properties play key roles in ameliorating and treating some medical conditions such as inflammation, hyperglycemia, fertility-related complications, hypertension and possess anticarcinogenic activities. However, further studies are warranted to validate the dosage, mode of actions, and safety profile of papaya seeds, peels, and leaves when used as medicine.

The present work was performed to investigate the phytochemical and antifungal action of Carica papaya L. of family Caricaceae. C. papaya is an important tropical fruit also cultivated in Pakistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir. The leaves of the respective plant contain a number of important secondary metabolites. In the present investigation, we studied the phytochemical analysis of carbohydrate, protein, phenolic compounds and many other secondary metabolites. Antifungal effectiveness was determined by using different leaf extracts of C. papaya against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp. and Cladosporium sp. The plants methanolic leaf extracts showed better activity against Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp. and Fusarium sp., ethanolic leaf extracts showed pronounced inhibition against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Cladosporium sp. While aqueous leaf extracts did not show inhibitory action against these fungi. Keywords: Antifungal activity; Phytochemical constituents; Secondary metabolites http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.70037

Pawpaw (Carica papaya Linn) seeds, peels and leaves are well known for their medicinal and potent pharmacological values. The plant belongs to the family Caricaceae and its fruit is commonly known for its food and nutritional values. Though the roots, bark, peel, pulp and the seeds had been shown to have medicinal properties, little is known about their nutritional properties. During the last few years, there had been series of research to explore further pharmacological and medicinal properties as well as it nutritional qualities of these plants parts, thus giving rise to it nutraceutical abilities. Scientific attempts have also been made over the decades to authenticate its nutraceutical properties. While nutritional constituents such as oil, proteins, and minerals haven been characterised from its seeds, little is known about other parts of the plant. Though the nutraceutical properties of papaya as drug or quasi-food product are not well understood or value, still it is an important gift of nature that is readily available in our eco-world and worth exploring. This review focuses on previous studies by various researchers on the medicinal, nutraceutical properties as well as the antioxidant potential of these plant parts and suggestions for further studies as regarding the optimisation of the potential of this plant.

Papaya (pawpaw) Carica papaya L. belongs to family Caricaceae. Papaya is a very good source of fruit sugar, vitamin A, B and C. This fruit is rich in minerals and salts and makes very good food. Fiji's climate is very suitable to grow papaya and Fijian grown papaya has a big export market. Main importing countries so far are New Zealand, Japan and Canada. Another potential country for exporting papaya from Fiji is Australia. However, strict quality control and high sanitary requirements must be met to export papaya to Australia. Papaya export has gone up in last few years but unfortunately there has been no export so far to Australia. Fruit's shape, size and smoothness are important determinant factors for export market. Misshapen fruits with bumps are not acceptable in overseas market. Similarly most importing countries prefer medium sized fruits. To get good quality papaya particularly fruits without bumps, it is necessary to apply Boron in soil. Results obtained in the present investigation showed that 5.0kg Boron (applied as borax pentahydrate) per hectare was very effective in reducing bumpiness to a very minimum thus improving the quality of fruits. Boron as such showed no effect on papaya yield per plant. Three cultivars tested for average fruit weight showed acceptable fruit weight for local and export market. However, Solo Sunrise was identified as the highest average fruit yielding cultivar (tons/hectare). Improvement in quality of papaya will open up new markets for export.

Five species of the family Caricaceae were examined for glucosinolates. Like Carica papaya L., they all contained benzylglucosinolate (I, R = C 6 H 5 CH 2 ) as the sole thioglucoside.