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The paper features digital technologies in satellite farming and introduces a quantitative methodology to evaluate various types of their effectiveness. The authors determined the main types of efficiency and components of evaluation and substantiated the algorithm of analysis. The paper also contains a list of related economic, environmental, and social components, as well as a set of formulas and dependencies. The methodology for assessing the effectiveness of digital technologies has a two-block structure. The first block determines the needs and opportunities for the implementation of digital technologies and helps to define the enterprises that may benefit from digital technologies. The second block involves a direct evaluation of the results and efficiency of the digital technologies to be implemented and substantiates management solutions. The paper describes approaches and procedures that help to assess the biological, technological, and economic benefits of digital technologies for an agricultural enterprise. The authors quantified the structure of the environmental effect of the introduction of digital technologies and introduced some dependencies can determine profitability and cost recovery indicators. The research used the methodological approach to assess the environmental and social efficiency of digital technologies for an agricultural enterprise. The approach corresponds with the requirements of sustainable agricultural development declared by the UN. The results can be used by enterprises of the agro-industrial complex and suppliers of digital technologies.

We report the utilization of the optical Kerr effect in multilayer dielectric coatings, previously discussed only theoretically. We present the design and realization of multilayer dielectric optical structures with layer-specific Kerr nonlinearities, which permit tailoring of the intensity-dependent effects. The modulation depth in reflectance reaches up to 6% for the demonstrated examples of dielectric nonlinear multilayer coatings. We show that the nonlinearity is based on the optical Kerr effect, with the recovery time faster than the laser pulse envelope of 1 ps. Due to high flexibility in design, the reported dielectric nonlinear multilayer coatings have the potential to open hitherto unprecedented possibilities in nonlinear optics and ultrafast laser applications.

Objective: To identify clinical, laboratory and morphological prognostic criteria at different during Crohn's disease in children., Materials and Methods: in 48 patients with primary BC in age from 1 year to 18 years retrospectively evaluated the clinical and medical history, laboratory parameters, used complex morphological study of the intestinal mucosa., Results: prediction of complicated Crohns diseaseis important to the high humoral activity, small bowel localization process with the identifcation of ulcers, fractures, the presence of such cell populations in the mucosa of the colon as inactive macrophages and young tbroblasts, muscle infrtration of neutrophilic granulocytes plate., Conclusion: in the primary treatment of the patient along with the production of BC diagnosis can predict the course of the disease and determine the tactics of the patient.

A highly-dispersive mirror with the unprecedented group delay dispersion of -10000 fs 2 in the wavelength range of 1025-1035 nm is reported. Reproducible production of a coating with such a high dispersion was possible due to the recently developed robust synthesis technique. Successful employment of the new highly-dispersive mirror in an oscillator is demonstrated.

A Kerr-lens mode-locked (KLM) Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator delivering 215-fs pulses with 75-W average power and 1.4-MW peak power at a repetition rate of 260 MHz is presented. Self-starting KLM is demonstrated at an output power of 68 W. This is the highest repetition rate of any mode-locked thin-disk oscillators so far. Concepts for scaling the repetition rate up to 1 GHz are discussed.

Geometric scaling of a Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator yields femtosecond pulses with an average output power of 270 W. The scaled system delivers femtosecond (210-330 fs) pulses with a peak power of 38 MW. These values of average and peak power surpass the performance of any previously reported femtosecond laser oscillator operated in atmospheric air.

Unlabelled: Inflammatory bowel disease is one of the most difficult groups of pathologies in pediatric gastroenterology, due to the steady growth of their prevalence, offset debut at an earlier age, the increase in the incidence of severe complicated forms. Established clinical, genetic, serologic criteria for progression of ulcerative colitis are contradictory, and some--the reach of most medical institutions., Purpose: to evaluate the prognostic significance of morphological features of ulcerative colitis relapse and continuous flow., Materials and Methods: a retrospective study conducted histological kolonobioptatov 26 children with recurrent, 20--with a continuous flow of ulcerative colitis during their primary treatment in a hospital, the comparison group consisted of 50 children without inflammatory bowel disease., Results: morphological characteristics identified predictors of recurrent ulcerative colitis in the form of severe eosinophilic infiltration of the epithelium, lamina propria of the mucosa. For a continuous flow was characterized: high density cell infiltration of the lamina propria mucosa epithelium predominantly under represented plasma cells, fibroblasts, sclerosis of the basal membrane, the presence of epithelial arcades deformed crypt abscesses., Conclusion: the extended study of biopsy material, including assessment of the composition and location of infiltration, fibroblast pool of epithelial-connective relationships in the colonic mucosa of children with ulcerative colitis will not only assess the inflammatory process, but also to predict the course of disease, thereby defining a long-term tactics treatment.

Background: A general education in psychiatry does not necessary lead to good diagnostic skills. Specific training programs in diagnostic coding are established to facilitate implementation of ICD-10 coding practices. However, studies comparing the impact of these two different educational approaches on diagnostic skills are lacking. The aim of the current study was to find out if a specific training program in diagnostic coding improves the diagnostic skills better than a general education program, and if a national bias in diagnostic patterns can be minimised by a specific training in diagnostic coding., Methods: A pre post design study with two groups was carried in the county of Archangelsk, Russia. The control group (39 psychiatrists) took the required course (general educational program), while the intervention group (45 psychiatrists) were given a specific training in diagnostic coding. Their diagnostic skills before and after education were assessed using 12 written case-vignettes selected from the entire spectrum of psychiatric disorders., Results: There was a significant improvement in diagnostic skills in both the intervention group and the control group. However, the intervention group improved significantly more than did the control group. The national bias was partly corrected in the intervention group but not to the same degree in the control group. When analyzing both groups together, among the background factors only the current working place impacted the outcome of the intervention., Conclusion: Establishing an internationally accepted diagnosis seems to be a special skill that requires specific training and needs to be an explicit part of the professional educational activities of psychiatrists. It does not appear that that skill is honed without specific training. The issue of national diagnostic biases should be taken into account in comparative cross-cultural studies of almost any character. The mechanisms of such biases are complex and need further consideration in future research. Future research should also address the question as to whether the observed improvement in diagnostic skills after specific training actually leads to changes in routine diagnostic practice.