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The humanities meet computer science to create new synergies using computer vision and natural language processing. Aim & Scope Historians are increasingly using technologies to evaluate digitised texts in a machine-readable way, as well as techniques from the field of natural language processing (NLP) to analyse the content and context of language in written artefacts. These techniques can be used to analyse large corpora and identify patterns. In general, however, these methods often use training data from current rather than historical data. The use of these methods can lead to biases in the historical record, incurring the risk of false inferences about history. Therefore, the methods used should be fully investigated to account for any biases. In this DL workshop, the challenges of applying computer vision and NLP techniques in the humanities, and first solutions to them, will be presented. This entry includes the following presentations from the first Data Linking Workshop 2023: Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing – Challenges in the Humanities Pepper, Welcome Eva Wilden, Charles Li: Tamilex -- Digital Lexicography Stefan Baums, Stephen White: Computer Vision and Kharoṣṭhī Paleography Oskar von Hinüber, Haiyan Hu-von Hinüber, Sylvia Melzer: What the Buddhological Epigraphy can expect from the AI: The Information System "Buddhist Bronzes Inscriptions" Kathrin Holz: The Proto-Śāradā Project: Towards the edition of a new collection of administrative letters and documents from pre-modern South Asia Ines Konczak-Nagel, Erik Radisch: The Kucha Mural Information System: Taxonomy and Semi-Automated Image Recognition Ralf Möller: Aligned AI and the role of the humanities: Training AI systems using human feedback Isabelle Marthot-Santaniello: The application of NLP in combination with Computer Vision for analysing ancient Greek handwritings on papyri Olga Serbaeva: Some features of the 17th century Newārī script: READ-based statistical approach to palaeography Lena Hinrichsen: OCR technologies in research practice Oliver Hellwig: Web-based information systems for Indian scripts and texts Simon Schiff, Ralf Möller: Persistent Data, Sustainable Information Hamid Reza Hakimi, Lisa Mischer, Tariq Yousef, Maxim Romanov: Finding and Linking Information in Arabic Historical Texts Sylvia Melzer: Building Information Systems on Demand with ChatGPT? Martin Braun, Hannes Fellner, Bernhard Koller: A Digital Paleography of Tarim Brahmi Hussein Mohammed: Computer vision beyond OCR: potentials and challenges for the study of written artefact The submitted presentations are included in this upload for which permission to publish has been granted. The KI2021 workshop – Humanities-Centred AI was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy - EXC 2176 ’Understanding Written Artefacts: Material, Interaction and Transmission in Manuscript Cultures’, project no. 390893796.

This is the book of abstracts of the2023 SCAR SC-HASS Conference: Book of Abstracts, organized under the theme of "The Antarctic for a Better World".&nbsp

Researchers in cultural studies disciplines and cultural institutions are increasingly confronted with the need to sustainably secure their digital research data. In this presentation, we outlined different approaches that have been developed in order to provide scholars with an infrastructure and sustainable support throughout the data life circle. We presented different solutions and examples on how open and FAIR research data is being managed in the humanities. The presentation took place on 19 June 2023 and was part of the event series "Open for you! An introduction series to open science II" organized by the 4EU+ University Alliance.

This article reports findings from a study of laboratory-styled humanities undergraduate research (UR) programming designed to increase access to this high-impact practice, better reaching historically excluded students and less visible institutions. The Humanities Collaboratory (HLAB) is a ten-week summer research program that emerged from the partnership of a research university and the area community college system. Aimed at actively addressing educational inequity, and the more specific lack of access humanities students have to impactful UR opportunities, HLAB offers an intensive humanities research experience to first-generation students, low-income students, and Students of Color currently enrolled in two-year colleges, HBCUs, MSIs, and HSIs. Since the program's creation in 2018, qualitative data collected from 50 participating students over three years of self-evaluations illustrates why HLAB presents a significant learning opportunity for students and highlights the critical importance of relationship-building in UR. Analyzing students' responses through the heuristic of communities of practice provides insight into a community-focused UR pedagogy that emphasizes relationality among students, mentors, and institutions. Students detail the importance of collaborative skill-building, opportunities for peer support, networking connections, and possibilities for more holistic personal growth in UR experiences. Our findings describing the benefits of relational UR signal the need for cooperative programming designs that increase access to undergraduate research for humanities students across institutions of higher education.

The article covering the research "Open Science for Social Science and Humanities: Open Access availability and distribution across disciplines and Countries in OpenCitations Meta" carried out in the contest of the Open Science course 22/23 at the University of Bologna.

The way of working in the Humanities undergoes a digital transformation. The Greek Infrastructure for Digital Arts, Humanities and Language Research and Innovation “APOLLONIS” and the European research infrastructures DARIAH for the Arts and Humanities and CLARIN for Language Resources and Technology are important facilitating agents of this transformation in Greece and in Europe respectively. The transformation has been forcefully accelerated by the recent pandemic and, as some early research initiatives are indicating, readiness for acceptance of digital work practices appears to rise. Also rising is the need to delve deeper into the nature of digital methods and practices and their impact on research. The COVID-19 outbreak and the restrictions it imposed brought about new needs in the Humanities research and teaching, introducing new modi operandi, accelerating a digital transformation that has been under way for decades in the Digital Humanities, but also demonstrating the gaps that remain. Funded by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), the project “Digital Landscape” (The emerging landscape of digital work practices in the Humanities in the context of the European projects DARIAH and CLARIN, 2022- 2024), is capturing the impact of the pandemic in the way we work in the Humanities and Social Sciences in Greece, to better understand current trends and needs, and plan effectively for the future. To this end, we are employing a mixed methodology. The tools to collect evidence-based information are: a) a communities web-survey and b) Humanities and Social Sciences focus groups. The report resulting from the analysis of these data will be used to support the strategic vision and inform the future planning of the APOLLONIS research infrastructure. The proposed poster will present the findings of the web survey, in which we analyzed data on digital research practices, tools and interaction with digital content gathered from the humanities and social sciences research community in Greece, paying special attention to the impact of COVID-19 on digital humanities research and practice. Based on past experience and data collected in the context of European research infrastructures and projects in the Arts, Humanities and Language Technologies and Social Sciences, such as 1 E.g., “DH in the time of Virus: a Twitter Conference”, 02.04.2020, "DHgoesViral" workshop, 26.04.2021. Preparing DARIAH, DARIAH-EU, CLARIN-EU, EHRI (the European Holocaust Research Infrastructure), ARIADNE (Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Data Networking in Europe), SSHOC, SoDaNet and Europeana Cloud, we designed, disseminated and implemented the web survey which gathered almost 400 responses, subsequently analysed and discussed in comparison with past trends in Greece. In this poster we propose that we present these findings and prompt discussions with our European colleagues., {"references":["https://apollonis-infrastructure.gr/","https://www.clarin.gr/en","https://dyas-net.gr/","https://digital-landscape.gr/","DARIAH-GR/DYAS Feasibility study (2011)","Report on CLARIN:EL users questionnaire (2018) (Internal report)","Dallas, C. and Chatzidiakou, N. (Eds) (2022). European survey on scholarly practices and digital needs in the human sciences. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6583037"]}

The OPTIMICE project devised a method that combines neural machine translation (DeepL) and human post-editing to improve the quality of article metadata (titles, abstracts, keywords, etc.) from French to English in the editorial process of journals. Their recommendations for writing and translating metadata in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) are intended to complement existing instructions to authors, and improve journal acceptance, referencing and international visibility of papers. Their method for translation is meant to be reproduced and transferred to various journals, languages and disciplinary fields. Dr Franck Barbin andDr Katell Hernández Morinexplainedand illustratedthe OPTIMICE method and the proper use of MT in support of scientific publications. The presenters' PowerPoint slides can be accessed here:https://filesender.renater.fr/?s=download&token=cdbb3af4-1f3e-442d-99ec-5979b99f8df2. Here is the link to download their OPTIMICE guide and accompanyingvideo:https://www.mshb.fr/actualites_mshb/un-guide-en-libre-acces-pour-traduire-en-anglais-les-metadonnees-des-articles-scientifiques/8541/.

WhatisHuma-NumandwhyweuseSemanticWeb ? WhydidwechoosetheSemanticWeb in 2013 (andbefore) :experiencefeedback ? Future prospects of Semantic Web philosophy at Huma-Num.

Speciation is a poetry manuscript that explores themes of migration, queerness, and transformation amidst aquatic beings.

This and That is a collection of stories written in response to one of Franz Kafka�s last stories, �The Burrow,� which is told from the perspective of an animal who obsessively frets about reinforcing his burrow but also gets immense pleasure from constructing it and resting in it. The burrow can be read as a philosophical system that a person creates as a means of protection against the confusion and danger of being in the world. Constructing systems of the sort described by Kafka is the work of the characters who populate these stories. Also included in this thesis is the first fifty pages of an early draft of a novel.

The Quiet Before' is book of poems charting a young boy's search for his older sister, Eva, in a war-torn context.

"Underspin" follows the life and premature death of Ryan Lo, an American table tennis star, through the eyes of coaches, friends, lovers, and rivals. It is about not only Ryan and the cost of his success, but also the table tennis community, which largely comprises marginalized people playing a marginal sport. Across eleven points of view, four countries, and nearly twenty years, the novel hopes to explore shame, competition, and the complicated solace of relationships beyond family.

A collection exploring boyhood in a world of violence and death.

The follow is a novel about growing up and navigating love and assault.

All We Have Been follows Samantha �Sam�, a young Zimbabwean woman, as she tries to settle into life after returning home from undergraduate studies in the US. She�s still reeling from the death of her father by suicide and must learn how to navigate life without the privileges his political career provided. The only job she can find is as a teacher at the private girls� school she attended years ago. The school too is going through its own transformation after the first black headmistress in the school�s 125 year history is appointed. The new headmistress has a lot of seemingly revolutionary ideas about equality and race but it soon becomes clear that change isn�t always as easy as it seems.

A short book of poetry that thinks about transformation, break ups, time, and joy.

The personal investigations of this thesis mirror these cascading and intersectional pressures of living. How to exist in a country that refuses you equal access to citizenship? What does it mean to create art and love under the tyrannies of empire? The griefs these poems contain are not singular, rather they speak to the universal questions of belonging and identity that we all have some connection to.

Integrating the visual and multimedia with the textual, this thesis allows for the reader to experience a vivid and vibrant example of work that can't be confined solely to the written word, but rather enhanced and enlivened with images. The pieces are shaped by record and observation, through the examining and transforming analog photographs, genealogical documents, and chronological research. The poems, list essay, and multimedia collage encourage the reader to approach their own world through multidisciplinary perspectives and experiment with the opportunities beyond the confine of a singular genre or medium.

A book about gay men who can't help but betray the ones they love.

Divided into five chapters, this thesis is a thought exercise on various memories, conditions, ideologies, beliefs, experiences, ideas, and disillusionment that I have sustained from the earliest recollection of my life to the present. I use time and place as grounding in engaging with each of these concerns, whether I'm writing about present issues, as in the opening three poems of the collection, or returning to earlier moments and places in my life, as in the "Street Recollections" series. I love to describe the goal of the project as low stake and self-serving, in that I was trying to return to and begin to resolve traumatic moments in my life; rethink some existential opinions that were passed down to me; make sense of a strange natural, cultural and social environment as a newcomer in the US; find closure for people I have lost. Technically, I had attempted to deliver the poems in a plain-speaking language, to make the poems rather direct in tone. This way, the voice is one of the most intentional features of the project, keeping it consistent from the opening to the closing poems, whatever the subject matter or person point of view of the individual poems.

Peacock, Down is about family cruelty and shame. It is about the patterns we inherit, and how we perpetuate or break free of them. It is also a comic novel. Set smack in the middle of their darkest days, Peacock, Down tracks the Whitridge family amid disintegration and denial, sticking its finger in that comically painful inflection point in every family trajectory: when the children become adults and the adults become children.

A collection of realist short fiction, the characters in Baby Dykes are self-destructive and lost queers struggling to grow up after coming of age in the era of boy bands, Y2K, and Will & Grace. They want futures they can�t imagine and genders that don�t exist, hope for love they have no reason to believe in. After growing up in isolation, the eponymous babies are desperate for queer connection, and push at the boundaries of intimacies, friendships, and political projects as they attempt to create families that reach beyond the ones they were born into.

A collection of poems meditation on seeing, art, language, and memory. Poems that meet at the intersections of art and quotidian.

A tension exists in information science (IS) between the scientific approaches and aspirations of the field’s members, many of whom identify with disciplines such as computer science, and the field’s long humanistic traditions, most notably in librarianship and bibliography as they intersect with areas of study such as history and literature. Bush's “Memex vision,” as just one example, imagines IS as a “scientific” discipline. It is a vision, as the scholar of information history Paul Duguid (2021) has shown, “fostered increasing elision between descriptions of people and machines” (p. 248). This panel investigates elisions such as these and the tensions in IS between modes of scientific investigation and humanistic modes of knowing. Through presentations on bibliography and hermeneutics as they can be understood from diverse cultural and historical perspectives, this panel explores some of the humanistic foundations of information science in an age when intelligence is readily associated with data and science rather than culturally specific methods of human interpretation and understanding., ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This panel session is sponsored by the Special Interest Group on the History and Foundations of Information Science, and Hangzhou Dianzi University. Dr. Luciana Corts Mendes presentation is derived from her PhD research funded by the Brazilian Coordinating Office for the Advancement of Higher Education - CAPES (funding code 001, grant number 1533642) and by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq (grant number 206495/2017-0).

Comprehensive anti-Japanese period, under the leadership of the communist party of China and it’s the shensi-kansu-ningsia border region despite facing huge pressure of the war, for primary school education serves the needs of the Anti-Japanese War, but in the process of development of primary school education does not ignore the human thought by Marx and Engels, but under the guidance of Marx and Engels human thought, the pursuit of the all-round development of children's body and mind, Combining primary school education with social practice, paying attention to the essence of social practice of primary school students, and clarifying the value orientation of primary school students becoming soldiers of the anti-Japanese war and founding the country, citizens of new democracy and building new democracy, thus promoting the development and progress of primary school education in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region., {"references":["Selected Works of Marx and Engels (Vol.1),in Central Compilation & Translation Bureau (Ed.),( Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2012):407-422.","Educational materials of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region (primary education: Part Ⅰ),in institute of education of Shaanxi Normal University (Ed.),( Beijing: Educational Science Press, 1981):26-61","Selected Works of Marx and Engels (Vol. 1),in Central Compilation & Translation Bureau (Ed.),( Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2012):134-422.","Educational materials of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region (primary education: Part Ⅰ),in institute of education of Shaanxi Normal University (Ed.),( Beijing: Educational Science Press, 1981):2-138.","Educational materials of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region (primary education: PartⅠ),in institute of education of Shaanxi Normal University (Ed.),( Beijing: Educational Science Press, 1981):70-285.","Educational materials of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region (Education policy: Part II),in institute of education of Shaanxi Normal University (Ed.),( Beijing: Educational Science Press, 1981):443"]}

A number of scholars of (non)religion and secularity have argued in recent years for the need to get beyond the neat binaries and the negative identities signalled by atheism and agnosticism (e.g., Taves, Asprem and Ihm 2018). However, these binaries are deeply ingrained in the landscape of ideas that have shaped the way we do scholarship. In this thesis, I critically investigate the approach called cognitive science of religion (CSR), which Justin Barrett and Emily Burdett describe as "the scientific approach to the study of religion that combines methods and theory from cognitive, developmental and evolutionary psychology with the sorts of questions that animate anthropologists and historians of religion" developed to further the understanding of "the reasons for initial acquisition, recurrence, and continued transmission of religious concepts and behaviour" (2011: 252). My main focus is the way CSR defines and studies nonreligion. This work consists of the two moves: the deconstructive and the reconstructive. In the deconstructive part, I challenge the "C" (cognition) and the "R" (religion and nonreligion) models employed by this field. In the reconstructive part, I propose a biocultural approach that replaces the computational paradigm with 4E cognition theories, and the belief/ unbelief binary with material religion and secularisms. One of the "umbrella" problems I focus on in this thesis is the issue of disembodiment that I have discovered to be central to the majority of the CSR approaches to nonreligion. Therefore, the word "anatomy" in the title of this thesis is meant to highlight the theoretical and methodological concern of my approach, which is focused on materialising the field of CSR. My focus on the "anatomy of unbelief" aims to challenge the current CSR approach by bringing the body and the culture back into the scientific study of nonreligion.

Handout from a talk given at the Meaning, Logic, and Cognition seminar at the ILLC, University of Amsterdam, on 5 November 2021.

Introduzione critica al sudarabico antico, risorse elettroniche e bibliografia.

This qualitative dissertation projection explores how eight participants respond to receiving a dual diagnosis of anxiety and depression. Drawing on three semi-structured interviews with each participant, I offer “anxiety and depression literacy” as a central concept, defined as the ongoing process of a person finding, understanding, and using information related to anxiety and depression, and making informed decisions and actions related to their personal health and wellbeing. To conceptualize and theorize how a person develops an anxiety and depression literacy, I ask: where do participants find information related to anxiety and depression; how do participants read information related to anxiety and depression; how do participants use information related to anxiety and depression; and what kinds of decisions and actions do participants make related to anxiety and depression? In centering on my participants’ experiential knowledge and everyday meaning-making practices, my concept of an anxiety and depression literacy serves as an intervention to how some health and medical professionals treat a person’s health literacy as non-situated; that is, not taking into account a person’s context and subject positions. I argue that when we fail to situate literacy developments, we overlook the social nature of literacy development—the ways in which individuals make meaning of their experiences through dialogue with others and engagements with a range of circulating discourses—and we treat literacy development as “having arrived” at a particular endpoint rather than understanding it as an ongoing process. Instead, in underscoring the social nature of developing an anxiety and depression literacy, I reveal the ways in which participants identify and gather a range of resources while reading and making meaning about anxiety and depression. I argue that these representations of anxiety and depression that participants make from their reading practices construct their identities, informing their sense of self; participants’ practices of reading their anxiety and depression can therefore open up new ways of being in the world. Building on scholarship in disability studies, new literacy studies, rhetoric, and medical humanities, my work demonstrates how two groups of people—health literacy sponsors and participants—with different discourses, reading motivations and practices can find ways to read and understand each other. Each chapter offers instances of health literacy sponsors and participants listening and translating knowledge and information with each other and details literacy practices of reading anxiety and depression, including how participants read health and medical knowledge, their physical surroundings, their habitual, personal practices, and circulating discourses and narratives about anxiety and depression. My project offers approaches for how to listen carefully to how participants are thinking about their daily routines, activities, and spaces and translating that information, demonstrating how these two seemingly distinct groups of people can find ways to connect, to meet in the middle and learn from one another, continuously developing their anxiety and depression literacies. This research contributes to discussions on the social nature of literacy development and situated literacies and has implications for communities supporting individuals living with anxiety and depression, including health and medical practitioners, disability and health organizations, educational institutions, and health literacy programs aimed at informing and teaching individuals about anxiety and depression. Ultimately, my hope is that this project supports all of us in becoming better readers of the myriad ways in which people who struggle with anxiety and depression create sustainable, meaningful lives.

Analisi della voce proeressō (προερέσσω).

The drone remote sensing operations were initially commissioned by Monumenten en Archeologie of the Gemeente Amsterdam, by archaeologist Dr. Ranjith Jayasena. The site under investigation is the Medieval castle ‘t Huijs ten Bosch, built after 1220 and destroyed in 1672, still visible as earthworks and cropmarks as a rectangular structure. The project entails an investigation into both the application and comparative value of innovative sensor techniques for prospection purposes as well as nature, extent, and state of preservation of the site itself (KNA Protocol 4003 Inventariserend Veldonderzoek 4.1: verkennend, karterend, waarderend veldonderzoek).

Analisi della voce galēnē (γαλήνη, ἡ).

Analisi della voce epitonos (ἐπίτονος, ὁ).

Analisi della voce prymnēsia / prymnēsion (πρυμνήσια, τά / πρυμνήσιον, τό).

"Challenging Capitalist-Oppressive Systems in Academia: New Projects with Iterative, Critical Design, and Collaborative Models," by Sylvia Fernández Quintanilla, an essay from the Modern Language Association's 2022 collection Publishing and Scholarly Communication in the Humanities

Analisi della voce selma (σέλμα, τό).

Analisi della voce korymbos (κόρυμβος, ὁ).

Analisi della voce ikria (ἴκρια, τά).

Analisi della voce epēnkenides (ἐπηγκενίδες, αἱ).

1000 Worte Forschung: Laufendes Habilitationsprojekt im Fach Mittelalterliche Geschichte, Universität Münster (Lehrstuhl für Hoch- und Spätmittelalter/Westeuropäische Geschichte)

Im Rahmen des International Medieval Congress in Leeds im Jahr 2019, der ganz im Zeichen des Themas "Materialities" stand, hielt Deborah Krohn in der vom IMAREAL organisierten Session einen Vortrag mit dem Titel "Shaping Knowledge on the Early Modern Table". Der Vortrag war Teil ihres laufenden Forschungsprojekt zur renaissancezeitlichen europäischen Tischkultur, der schließlich in der Ausstellung Staging the Table in Europe 1500-1800 am Bard Graduate Center mündete. Im Nachklang ihrer Präsentation am IMC sprachen wir mit Deborah Krohn über ihre Arbeit am BGC und befragten sie zur Relevanz der Erforschung materieller Kultur und der Vermittlung entsprechender Forschungsergebnisse sowie zur spezifischen Bedeutung von Formgebungspraktiken im Rahmen historischer Tischkultur., At the International Medieval Congress in Leeds in 2019, Deborah Krohn presented an inspiring paper entitled "Shaping Knowledge on the Early Modern Table". It was part of her project on Renaissance European table culture which culminated in the exhibition Staging the Table in Europe 1500-1800. In the aftermath of the presentation we asked her about her daily work at BGC, her thoughts on the relevance of researching and teaching material culture, and the significance of formgiving techniques in historical table culture.

Introduzione critica al nordarabico antico, risorse elettroniche e bibliografia.

In this paper I would like to offer a new framework for hypothetical reasoning, with the goal of predicting what scenarios we consider when we interpret a conditional or causal claim (such as a sentence containing the word because). The idea is that when we interpret a conditional or causal claim, we identify a part of the world to change and imagine changing that. Sentences are about parts of the world: when we interpret a conditional antecedent or because clause, we allow the part of the world it is about to vary. This expands our modal horizons, which we restrict to those scenarios where the sentence we are asked to imagine true is indeed true. To evaluate a whole conditional or causal claim we look to the possible futures after this change. My main evidence for this approach is that it gives just the right range of hypothetical scenarios to account for how we interpret both conditionals and causal claims. Some approaches (such as Stalnaker and Lewis’s semantics of conditionals based on similarity, and Kratzer’s premise semantics) consider too few scenarios, while others (such as Fine’s 2012 truthmaker semantics of conditionals) consider too many. The present approach inhabits a Goldilocks zone between these extremes: not too restrictive, not too permissive, but just right.

"Engaging Communities beyond the Academy: Where Humanities Advocacy and the Publicly Engaged Humanities Meet," by Beatrice Gurwitz, an essay from the Modern Language Association's 2022 collection Publishing and Scholarly Communication in the Humanities

Die Analysen der Terrakotta-Elemente aus dem 1528/29 begonnenen Ausstattungsprogramm von Schloss Neuburg am Inn geben Aufschluss zum Transfer von Materialwissen anhand eines Werkstoffs, hier Terrakotta in der Bauplastik, und dessen Verlauf von Italien nach Bayern und entlang der Donau. Der Beitrag untersucht ausgehend von selbst erstellten 3D-Digitalisaten mehrerer Terrakotta-Elemente und Räumlichkeiten die Bedeutung des Neuburger Ausbauprojekts. Dabei ist die Terrakotta-Bauzier nicht nur in Art und Umfang außergewöhnlich, sondern auch in der Kombination mit Stuck und Marmor, die ebenfalls auf innovative Weise eingesetzt wurden, so dass das umfassende Programm zur Avantgarde der sog. ‚Renaissance nördlich der Alpen‘ zählt. Dies unterstreicht u. a. die Vergleichbarkeit mit Bauprojekten führender Adelsdynastien, darunter Habsburg, Valois und Tudor, von überregionaler Wirkmacht. Zugleich rückt dadurch, neben den in praktischer Hinsicht vorteilhaften spezifischen Materialeigenschaften, die inhaltliche, materialikonische Komponente von Terrakotta in den Fokus. Den Schlüssel liefert Kontextualisierung zeitgenössischer machtpolitischer sowie ideengeschichtlicher Entwicklungen. Für das Neuburger Projekt ergeben sich so durch die Inbezugsetzung mit Gedankenkonzepten humanistischer Prägung zwei neue Interpretationsansätze: zum einen vermag der gezielte Materialeinsatz in Zusammenhang mit einer Rezeption vitruvianischer Architekturtheorie und den drei darin konstitutiven Eigenschaften von firmitas, utilitas und venustas (Haltbarkeit, Zweckmäßigkeit und Schönheit) gesehen werden. Zum anderen entspricht die Umsetzung des Projekts insgesamt - durch Zusammenführung mit fremden Vorbildern wird Bestehendes zu Neuem, welches das Vorhergehende jeweils übertrifft - geradezu musterhaft dem Dreischritt von imitatio-aemulatio-superratio nach Lorenzo Valla., The use of Terracotta in architectural décor is the game-changing element of the design-programme at castle Neuburg am Inn, begun 1528/29. Encompassing the interior as well as the exterior the project is highly innovative for its time and plays a hitherto insufficiently perceived role in the development of the ‘northern renaissance’. Initialized by 3D-models of Terracotta-Elements and containing Staterooms at Neuburg generated by the author, the article investigates on the transfer of knowledge by means of using a particular material, here Terracotta in architectural decor. This includes tracing the physical ways of transfer from Italy to Bavaria and along the Danube as well as the comparability with contemporary building projects of superregional influence by leading dynasties of the European nobility, e. g. the houses of Habsburg, Valois and Tudor. Thus, next to the practical advantages of terracotta, the material-immanent iconologic aspect comes into focus. In combination with political and intellectual currents of the time, eventually two new interpretation approaches of the Neuburg project are taken into consideration: the purposeful use of specific materials, including amongst terracotta also stucco and marble, might relate to a reception of Vitruvian architectural theory with its constitutive qualities of firmitas, utilitas, and venustas (strength, utility, and beauty). Furthermore, it corresponds suspiciously well with the triad of imitatio-aemulatio-superratio after Lorenzo Valla: by adapting the foreign and combining it with the existing innovation is created, which surpasses each of the former.

When, if ever, does a robot or other advanced AI system deserve the same moral consideration as a human being? From a philosophical perspective, addressing this question requires us to examine utilitarian theory and its most powerful tool, moral calculations, with some care. From a human’s perspective, the response to this question is very closely tied to the formulation of a broader criterion for full moral status, so it has important implications for the morality of actions toward humans and animals too – not just toward AI. And, from an android’s perspective, our answer to this question could be, without exaggeration, a matter of deactivation or continuation, of life or death. In this paper, I will use the backdrop of utilitarianism to make a case for my own answer. Sentience alone, I claim, is a sufficient condition for an AI system to have full moral status.

Presentation slides from the "Introduction to Humanities Commons" workshop on May 3, 2023. This workshop provided an introduction to the four key areas of Humanities Commons: profiles, groups, sites, and the CORE repository. A recording of the workshop can be found here: https://youtu.be/DFe1OJVoGPw.

Analisi della voce skalmos (σκαλμός, ὁ).