Search

Your search keyword '"Fabre, Pascale"' showing total 47 results
Start Over Author "Fabre, Pascale"
47 results on '"Fabre, Pascale"'

1. A threshold model of plastic waste fragmentation: New insights into the distribution of microplastics in the ocean and its evolution over time

Author

George, Matthieu, Nallet, Frédéric, and Fabre, Pascale

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Plastic pollution in the aquatic environment has been assessed for many years by ocean waste collection expeditions around the globe or by river sampling. While the total amount of plastic produced worldwide is well documented, the amount of plastic found in the ocean, the distribution of particles on its surface and its evolution over time are still the subject of much debate. In this article, we propose a general fragmentation model, postulating the existence of a critical size below which particle fragmentation becomes extremely unlikely. In the frame of this model, an abundance peak appears for sizes around 1mm, in agreement with real environmental data. Using, in addition, a realistic exponential waste feed to the ocean, we discuss the relative impact of fragmentation and feed rates, and the temporal evolution of microplastics (MP) distribution. New conclusions on the temporal trend of MP pollution are drawn., Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures. Revised manuscript accepted for publication in Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2023/12/27

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Discussion about suitable applications for biodegradable plastics regarding their sources, uses and end of life

Author

Paul-pont, Ika, Ghiglione, Jean-françois, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, Ter Halle, Alexandra, Huvet, Arnaud, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Lagarde, Fabienne, Galgani, Francois, Duflos, Guillaume, George, Matthieu, Fabre, Pascale, Paul-pont, Ika, Ghiglione, Jean-françois, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, Ter Halle, Alexandra, Huvet, Arnaud, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Lagarde, Fabienne, Galgani, Francois, Duflos, Guillaume, George, Matthieu, and Fabre, Pascale

Abstract

This opinion paper offers a scientific view on the current debate of the place of biodegradable plastics as part of the solution to deal with the growing plastic pollution in the world's soil, aquatic, and marine compartments. Based on the current scientific literature, we focus on the current limits to prove plastic biodegradability and to assess the toxicity of commercially used biobased and biodegradable plastics in natural environments. We also discuss the relevance of biodegradable plastics for selected applications with respect to their use and end of life. In particular, we underlined that there is no universal biodegradability of plastics in any ecosystem, that considering the environment as a waste treatment system is not acceptable, and that the use of compostable plastics requires adaptation of existing organic waste collection and treatment channels.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Discussion about suitable applications for biodegradable plastics regarding their sources, uses and end of life

Author

Paul-Pont, Ika, primary, Ghiglione, Jean-François, additional, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, additional, Ter Halle, Alexandra, additional, Huvet, Arnaud, additional, Bruzaud, Stéphane, additional, Lagarde, Fabienne, additional, Galgani, François, additional, Duflos, Guillaume, additional, George, Matthieu, additional, and Fabre, Pascale, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Les dangers de l'invasion plastique

Author

Fabre, Pascale, Lagarde, Fabienne, Bruzaud, Stephane, Duflos, Guillaume, Galgani, François, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, George, Matthieu, Ghiglione, Jean-François, Huvet, Arnaud, Paul-Pont, Ika, ter Halle, Alexandra, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SMODD - Systèmes Moléculaires Organisés et Développement Durable (SMODD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Challier Emeric, and KARLI, Mélanie

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [CHIM.POLY] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

10. Relative Influence of Plastic Debris Size and Shape, Chemical Composition and Phytoplankton-Bacteria Interactions in Driving Seawater Plastisphere Abundance, Diversity and Activity

Author

Cheng, Jingguang, Jacquin, Justine, Conan, Pascal, Pujo-Pay, Mireille, Barbe, Valérie, George, Matthieu, Fabre, Pascale, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Ter Halle, Alexandra, Meistertzheim, Anne-Leila, Ghiglione, Jean-François, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SMODD - Systèmes Moléculaires Organisés et Développement Durable (SMODD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
fungi, lcsh:QR1-502, colonization, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, biofilm, microbial ecotoxicology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, biofouling, plastic litter, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, plastisphere, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Original Research
Abstract

International audience; The thin film of life that inhabits all plastics in the oceans, so-called “plastisphere,” has multiple effects on the fate and impacts of plastic in the marine environment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the relative influence of the plastic size, shape, chemical composition, and environmental changes such as a phytoplankton bloom in shaping the plastisphere abundance, diversity and activity. Polyethylene (PE) and polylactide acid (PLA) together with glass controls in the forms of meso-debris (18 mm diameter) and large-microplastics (LMP; 3 mm diameter), as well as small-microplastics (SMP) of 100 μm diameter with spherical or irregular shapes were immerged in seawater during 2 months. Results of bacterial abundance (confocal microscopy) and diversity (16S rRNA Illumina sequencing) indicated that the three classical biofilm colonization phases (primo-colonization after 3 days; growing phase after 10 days; maturation phase after 30 days) were not influenced by the size and the shape of the materials, even when a diatom bloom (Pseudo-nitzschia sp.) occurred after the first month of incubation. However, plastic size and shape had an effect on bacterial activity (3H leucine incorporation). Bacterial communities associated with the material of 100 μm size fraction showed the highest activity compared to all other material sizes. A mature biofilm developed within 30 days on all material types, with higher bacterial abundance on the plastics compared to glass, and distinct bacterial assemblages were detected on each material type. The diatom bloom event had a great impact on the plastisphere of all materials, resulting in a drastic change in diversity and activity. Our results showed that the plastic size and shape had relatively low influence on the plastisphere abundance, diversity, and activity, as compared to the plastic composition or the presence of a phytoplankton bloom.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Pollution des océans par les plastiques et les microplastiques Pollution of oceans by plastics and microplastics

Author

Francois, Galgani, Stéphane, Bruzaud, Guillaume, Duflos, FABRE, Pascale, Emmanuelle, Casdaldi, Jeff, Ghiglione, Régis, Grimaud, Matthieu, George, Arnaud, Huvet, Fabienne, Lagarde, Ika, Paul-Pont, Alexandra, Halle, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

12. Pollution des océans par les plastiques et les microplastiques

Author

Galgani, Francois, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Duflos, Guillaume, Fabre, Pascale, Casdaldi, Emmanuelle, Ghiglione, Jeff, Grimaud, Régis, George, Matthieu, Huvet, Arnaud, Lagarde, Fabienne, Paul-pont, Ika, Ter Halle, Alexandra, Galgani, Francois, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Duflos, Guillaume, Fabre, Pascale, Casdaldi, Emmanuelle, Ghiglione, Jeff, Grimaud, Régis, George, Matthieu, Huvet, Arnaud, Lagarde, Fabienne, Paul-pont, Ika, and Ter Halle, Alexandra

Abstract

Human behavior and the intensive use of plastic, combined with poor performance of management systems have led to a massive accumulation of plastic debris in the marine environment, accounting for 50 to 80 % of all marine litter. Their distribution, their fate, their degradation and their impacts stem directly from their composition and use properties. This article reviews knowledge and describes the main scientific, environmental and socio-economic issues, as well as the possible solutions needed to manage an environmental problem that has become global., Les comportements humains et l’utilisation intensive du plastique associés à une faible performance des systèmes de gestion ont engendré une accumulation massive de déchets plastiques dans le milieu marin où ils représentent 50 à 80 % de l’ensemble des déchets. Leur distribution, leurs comportements en mer, leur dégradation et leurs impacts découlent directement de leur composition et propriétés d’usage. Le présent article fait un bilan des connaissances et décrit les principaux enjeux scientifiques, environnementaux et socio-économiques, ainsi que les possibles solutions nécessaires à la gestion d’un problème environnemental devenu global.

Published
2020

13. Microstructure Characterization of Oceanic Polyethylene Debris

Author

Rowenczyk, Laura, primary, Dazzi, Alexandre, additional, Deniset-Besseau, Ariane, additional, Beltran, Victoria, additional, Goudounèche, Dominique, additional, Wong-Wah-Chung, Pascal, additional, Boyron, Olivier, additional, George, Matthieu, additional, Fabre, Pascale, additional, Roux, Clément, additional, Mingotaud, Anne Françoise, additional, and Halle, Alexandra ter, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Pollution des océans par les plastiques - Infographie

Author

GALGANI, François, primary, BRUZAUD, Stéphane, additional, DUFLOS, Guillaume, additional, FABRE, Pascale, additional, GASTALDI, Emmanuelle, additional, GHIGLIONE, Jeff, additional, GRIMAUD, Régis, additional, GEORGE, Matthieu, additional, HUVET, Arnaud, additional, LAGARDE, Fabienne, additional, PAUL-PONT, Ika, additional, and TER HALLE, Alexandra, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Pollution des océans par les plastiques et les microplastiques

Author

GALGANI, François, primary, BRUZAUD, Stéphane, additional, DUFLOS, Guillaume, additional, FABRE, Pascale, additional, GASTALDI, Emmanuelle, additional, GHIGLIONE, Jeff, additional, GRIMAUD, Régis, additional, GEORGE, Matthieu, additional, HUVET, Arnaud, additional, LAGARDE, Fabienne, additional, PAUL-PONT, Ika, additional, and TER HALLE, Alexandra, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Tack

Author

Creton, Costantino, primary and Fabre, Pascale, additional

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Biodegradation of polymers in aquatic environment

Author

Gaillard, Thibaut, George, Matthieu, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, Salomez, Mélanie, Dussud, Claire, Ghiglione, Jean François, Hudecek, Laetitia, FABRE, Pascale, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2018

18. Dégradation marine et enzymatique d’un polymère biodégradable: l’acide polylactique

Author

Gaillard, Thibaut, GEORGE, Matthieu, FABRE, Pascale, George, Matthieu, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

19. Plastic pollution in the ocean: what we know and what we don't know about

Author

Ballerini, Tosca, Jean-Ronan Le Pen, Andrady, Anthony L, Cole, Matthew, Galgani, François, Mikaël Kedzierski, Pedrotti, Maria Luiza, Halle, Alexandra Ter, Arkel, Kim Van, Zettler, Erik R, Amaral-Zettler, Linda, Bruzaud, Stéphane, Brandon, Jennifer, Durand, Gael, Enevoldsen, Enrik, Eriksen, Marcus, Fabre, Pascale, Maria-Christina Fossi, Frère, Laura, Avio, Carlo Giacomo, Hardesty, Denis, Jambeck, Jenna, Lavender, Kara, Mansui, Jérémy, Nafrechoux, Emmanuel, Schmidt, Christian, Sempéré, Richard, Thiel, Martin, Thomson, Richard, and Wong-Wah-Chung, Pascal

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Colonization of Non-biodegradable and Biodegradable Plastics by Marine Microorganisms

Author

Dussud, Claire, Hudec, Cindy, George, Matthieu, Fabre, Pascale, Higgs, Perry, Bruzaud, Stephane, Delort, Anne-marie, Eyheraguibel, Boris, Meistertzheim, Anne-leila, Jacquin, Justine, Cheng, Jingguang, Callac, Nolwenn, Odobel, Charlene, Rabouille, Sophie, Ghiglione, Jean-frangois, Dussud, Claire, Hudec, Cindy, George, Matthieu, Fabre, Pascale, Higgs, Perry, Bruzaud, Stephane, Delort, Anne-marie, Eyheraguibel, Boris, Meistertzheim, Anne-leila, Jacquin, Justine, Cheng, Jingguang, Callac, Nolwenn, Odobel, Charlene, Rabouille, Sophie, and Ghiglione, Jean-frangois

Abstract

Plastics are ubiquitous in the oceans and constitute suitable matrices for bacterial attachment and growth. Understanding biofouling mechanisms is a key issue to assessing the ecological impacts and fate of plastics in marine environment. In this study, we investigated the different steps of plastic colonization of polyolefin-based plastics, on the first one hand, including conventional low-density polyethylene (PE), additivated PE with pro-oxidant (OXO), and artificially aged OXO (AA-OXO); and of a polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), on the other hand. We combined measurements of physical surface properties of polymers (hydrophobicity and roughness) with microbiological characterization of the biofilm (cell counts, taxonomic composition, and heterotrophic activity) using a wide range of techniques, with some of them used for the first time on plastics. Our experimental setup using aquariums with natural circulating seawater during 6 weeks allowed us to characterize the successive phases of primo-colonization, growing, and maturation of the biofilms. We highlighted different trends between polymer types with distinct surface properties and composition, the biodegradable AA-OXO and PHBV presenting higher colonization by active and specific bacteria compared to non-biodegradable polymers (PE and OXO). Succession of bacterial population occurred during the three colonization phases, with hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria being highly abundant on all plastic types. This study brings original data that provide new insights on the colonization of non-biodegradable and biodegradable polymers by marine microorganisms.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Biodegradation of polymers

Author

GAILLARD, Thibaut, GEORGE, Matthieu, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, Salomez, Mélanie, Dussud, Claire, Ghiglione, Jean François, Hucedek, Laetitia, FABRE, Pascale, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Published
2017

23. Observation and manipulation of biological objects on plastic films immersed in sea water

Author

GAILLARD, Thibaut, George, Matthieu, Gastaldi, Emmanuelle, Salomez, Mélanie, Dussud, Claire, Ghiglione, Jean François, Hudecek, Laetitia, FABRE, Pascale, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matière Molle, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

24. Colonization of Non-biodegradable and Biodegradable Plastics by Marine Microorganisms

Author

Dussud, Claire, primary, Hudec, Cindy, additional, George, Matthieu, additional, Fabre, Pascale, additional, Higgs, Perry, additional, Bruzaud, Stéphane, additional, Delort, Anne-Marie, additional, Eyheraguibel, Boris, additional, Meistertzheim, Anne-Leïla, additional, Jacquin, Justine, additional, Cheng, Jingguang, additional, Callac, Nolwenn, additional, Odobel, Charlène, additional, Rabouille, Sophie, additional, and Ghiglione, Jean-François, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. A Serological Survey About Zoonoses in the Verkhoyansk Area, Northeastern Siberia (Sakha Republic, Russian Federation)

Author

Magnaval, Jean-François, primary, Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle, additional, Gibert, Morgane, additional, Gurieva, Alla, additional, Outreville, Jonathan, additional, Dyachkovskaya, Praskovia, additional, Fabre, Richard, additional, Fedorova, Sardana, additional, Nikolaeva, Dariya, additional, Dubois, Damien, additional, Melnitchuk, Olga, additional, Daviaud-Fabre, Pascale, additional, Marty, Marie, additional, Alekseev, Anatoly, additional, and Crubezy, Eric, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Force response of a viscous liquid in a probe-tack geometry: fingering versus cavitation

Author

Poivet, Sylwia, Nallet, Frédéric, Gay, Cyprien, Teisseire, Jérémie, Fabre, Pascale, Centre de recherches Paul Pascal (CRPP), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Traction (engineering), Biophysics, Nucleation, Geometry, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Viscous liquid, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Viscosity, Classical mechanics, Rheology, Cavitation, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Soft matter, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Biotechnology, Phase diagram
Abstract

International audience; We perform traction experiments on viscous liquids highly confined between parallel plates, a geometry known as the probe-tack test in the adhesion community. Direct observation during the experiment coupled to force measurement shows the existence of several mechanisms for releasing the stress: while fingering is favored for low traction velocities, low confinement and low viscosity, nucleation of bubbles occurs in the opposite conditions. It is possible to quantitatively predict the transition between the two regimes and, in many respects, describe the shape of the force response. Using a model for purely viscous fluids, we also present a phase diagram for the different force peak regimes that remarkably accounts for the data. Our results show that conspicuous features of the traction curve commonly thought to be characteristic of soft viscoelastic solids like adhesives are already encountered in liquid materials.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Understanding Cracking Versus Cavitation in Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: The Role of Kinetics.

Author

Teisseire, Jérémie, Nallet, Frédéric, Fabre, Pascale, and Gay, Cyprien

Subjects
CRACKING process (Petroleum industry), CAVITATION, SILICONES, ADHESION, DYNAMICS
Abstract

We perform probe-tack experiments on highly viscous silicone oils. Direct observation during the experiment shows the existence of several mechanisms for releasing the stress. Beyond bubble nucleation and instantaneous growth (reported in a previous work), delayed bubble growth is observed at higher traction velocities. At even higher velocities, cracks at the interface between the plate and the liquid appear before the bubbles have grown to their full size. Bubbles and cracks are thus observed concomitantly. At much higher velocities, cracks develop fully before the bubbles can be seen. We present a theoretical model that describes these regimes, using a Maxwell fluid as a model for the actual fluid. The predictions for the force peak are in qualitative agreement with the data. We discuss to what extent a Maxwell model is adapted to this situation. In particular, we discuss the threshold value for cavitation or cracking in the case of a purely elastic material and obtain a complementary, tentative interpretation of Dahlquist's criterion for stickiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Films from soft-core/hard-shell hydrophobic latexes: Structure and thermomechanical properties

Author

Santos, Fabrice Domingues Dos, Fabre, Pascale, Drujon, Xavier, Meunier, Gilles, and Leibler, Ludwik

Abstract

Structured latexes provide a promising route to hard coatings without the use of coalescing aids. We studied the thermomechanical properties of films from structured soft-core/hard-shell hydrophobic latexes. We found that the mechanical properties of these films were closely related to their very particular organization. When the rigid phase was continuous, whatever its volume fraction, the films exhibited a high elastic modulus. An analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the films provided a good method for obtaining information about the interphase between the hard shell and soft core of the latex particles. By varying the film structure through annealing or the particle composition (core/shell ratio, core crosslinking, etc.), we were able to tune the mechanical properties of the films. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 2989–3000, 2000

Published
2000
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Pollution of oceans by plastics and microplastics

Author

francois galgani, Bruzaud Stéphane, Duflos Guillaume, Fabre Pascale, Casdaldi Emmanuelle, Ghiglione Jeff, Grimaud Régis, George Matthieu, Arnaud Huvet, Lagarde Fabienne, Paul-Pont, Ika, and Ter Halle Alexandra

45. Pollution of oceans by plastics and microplastics

Author

Régis Grimaud, Alexandra Ter Halle, Stéphane Bruzaud, Arnaud Huvet, Pascale Fabre, Matthieu George, Fabienne Lagarde, Emmanuelle Gastaldi, François Galgani, Guillaume Duflos, Jeff Ghiglione, Ika Paul-Pont, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and FABRE, Pascale

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, 6. Clean water
Abstract

Human behavior and the intensive use of plastic, combined with poor performance of management systems have led to a massive accumulation of plastic debris in the marine environment, accounting for 50 to 80 % of all marine litter. Their distribution, their fate, their degradation and their impacts stem directly from their composition and use properties. This article reviews knowledge and describes the main scientific, environmental and socio-economic issues, as well as the possible solutions needed to manage an environmental problem that has become global., Les comportements humains et l’utilisation intensive du plastique associés à une faible performance des systèmes de gestion ont engendré une accumulation massive de déchets plastiques dans le milieu marin où ils représentent 50 à 80 % de l’ensemble des déchets. Leur distribution, leurs comportements en mer, leur dégradation et leurs impacts découlent directement de leur composition et propriétés d’usage. Le présent article fait un bilan des connaissances et décrit les principaux enjeux scientifiques, environnementaux et socio-économiques, ainsi que les possibles solutions nécessaires à la gestion d’un problème environnemental devenu global.

Published
2020

46. Relative Influence of Plastic Debris Size and Shape, Chemical Composition and Phytoplankton-Bacteria Interactions in Driving Seawater Plastisphere Abundance, Diversity and Activity.

Author

Cheng J, Jacquin J, Conan P, Pujo-Pay M, Barbe V, George M, Fabre P, Bruzaud S, Ter Halle A, Meistertzheim AL, and Ghiglione JF

Abstract

The thin film of life that inhabits all plastics in the oceans, so-called "plastisphere," has multiple effects on the fate and impacts of plastic in the marine environment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the relative influence of the plastic size, shape, chemical composition, and environmental changes such as a phytoplankton bloom in shaping the plastisphere abundance, diversity and activity. Polyethylene (PE) and polylactide acid (PLA) together with glass controls in the forms of meso-debris (18 mm diameter) and large-microplastics (LMP; 3 mm diameter), as well as small-microplastics (SMP) of 100 μm diameter with spherical or irregular shapes were immerged in seawater during 2 months. Results of bacterial abundance (confocal microscopy) and diversity (16S rRNA Illumina sequencing) indicated that the three classical biofilm colonization phases (primo-colonization after 3 days; growing phase after 10 days; maturation phase after 30 days) were not influenced by the size and the shape of the materials, even when a diatom bloom ( Pseudo-nitzschia sp.) occurred after the first month of incubation. However, plastic size and shape had an effect on bacterial activity ( 3 H leucine incorporation). Bacterial communities associated with the material of 100 μm size fraction showed the highest activity compared to all other material sizes. A mature biofilm developed within 30 days on all material types, with higher bacterial abundance on the plastics compared to glass, and distinct bacterial assemblages were detected on each material type. The diatom bloom event had a great impact on the plastisphere of all materials, resulting in a drastic change in diversity and activity. Our results showed that the plastic size and shape had relatively low influence on the plastisphere abundance, diversity, and activity, as compared to the plastic composition or the presence of a phytoplankton bloom., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Cheng, Jacquin, Conan, Pujo-Pay, Barbe, George, Fabre, Bruzaud, Ter Halle, Meistertzheim and Ghiglione.)

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. A Serological Survey About Zoonoses in the Verkhoyansk Area, Northeastern Siberia (Sakha Republic, Russian Federation).

Author

Magnaval JF, Leparc-Goffart I, Gibert M, Gurieva A, Outreville J, Dyachkovskaya P, Fabre R, Fedorova S, Nikolaeva D, Dubois D, Melnitchuk O, Daviaud-Fabre P, Marty M, Alekseev A, and Crubezy E

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Arbovirus Infections epidemiology, Female, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parasitic Diseases epidemiology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Siberia epidemiology, Zoonoses microbiology, Zoonoses parasitology, Zoonoses virology, Zoonoses epidemiology
Abstract

In 2012, a seroprevalence survey concerning 10 zoonoses, which were bacterial (Lyme borreliosis and Q fever), parasitic (alveolar echinococcosis [AE] and cystic echinococcosis [CE], cysticercosis, toxoplasmosis, toxocariasis, and trichinellosis), or arboviral (tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile virus infection), was conducted among 77 adult volunteers inhabiting Suordakh and Tomtor Arctic villages in the Verkhoyansk area (Yakutia). Following serological testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and/or western blot, no positive result was found for cysticercosis, CE, toxocariasis, trichinellosis, and both arboviral zoonoses. Four subjects (5.2%) had anti-Toxoplasma IgG, without the presence of specific IgM. More importantly, eight subjects (10.4%) tested positive for Lyme borreliosis, two (2.6%) for recently acquired Q fever, and one (1.3%) for AE. Lyme infection and Q fever, whose presence had not been reported so far in Arctic Yakutia, appeared therefore to be a major health threat for people dwelling, sporting, or working in the Arctic area of the Sakha Republic.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results