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Introduction: orthopedic deviceassociated infections (ODI) are considered surgical site infections (SSI). SSIs are generally attributed to contamination during surgery, but they require certain factors for their development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the development of SSIs in patients with closed fractures. Material and methods: a retrospective observational study was carried out, where records of patients with closed bone fractures undergoing surgery were reviewed during the period from January to December 2020. The variables studied were age, sex, BMI, comorbidities, as well as surgery time, ischemia time, intraoperative bleeding, type of fracture, serum glucose 24-48 hours prior to surgery and blood transfusion. The analysis was performed with Fisher, OR and binary logistic regression. Accepted statistical value: p < 0.05. Results: sample of 131 patients. Mean age was 47.6 ± 18.7 years. Diabetes mellitus (DM) 24.4%, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) 23.7%, obesity 70.2%, smoking 47.3% and alcoholism 67.9%. Simple fractures 34.4% and complex 65.6%. 19.1% presented infection after surgery. Risk factors found: glucose > 120 mg/dl OR: 4.9 (95% CI, 1.6-15.7, p = 0.001), surgery time > 120 minutes OR: 6.7 (95% CI, 2.3-20.1, p = 0.001), male sex OR: 4.5 (95% CI, 1.5-13.9, p = 0.009) and age < 50 years OR: 0.3 (95% CI, 0.07-0.8, p = 0.031). Conclusions: having a glucose > 120 mg/dl before surgery and a surgical time > 120 minutes as risk factors for the development of ODI in closed long. g bone fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM is the property of UNAM, Facultad de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the factors associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in adults residing in a region of the Andes in Peru. Method: A case-control study was conducted on adults living at an altitude of more than 3000 meters in Peru. Cases consisted of patients diagnosed with LVDD through echocardiography, whereas controls were adults without LVDD, as confirmed by echocardiography. Results: A total of 50 cases and 100 controls were included in the study. Among them, 38.7% had high blood pressure, and 41.3% were overweight. Upon adjusted analysis, age 60 or older (aOR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.29-12.8), female sex (aOR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.01-4.96) and left ventricular hypertrophy (aOR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.41-7.17) were identified as statistically significant factors associated with LVDD. Conclusions: The risk of LVDD is associated with older adults, female gender, and left ventricular hypertrophy among individuals residing above 3000 meters altitude in a region of the Andes, in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diálogos Pedagógicos is the property of Universidad Catolica de Cordoba and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The COVID-19 fatality rate exhibited significant variations during the first year of the pandemic, and such divergences seem to show different levels of risk of death among populations. Very few studies stratified fatality based on the presence or absence of risk factors. Objective: To identify COVID-19 fatality rates conditioned by risk factors. Material and methods: Secondary analysis using an open health database from the Secretariat of Health of Mexico (Secretaría de Salud), covering patients studied from January 1, 2020, to January 6, 2021. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 result were included; those with 5 risk factors or more, or with rare combinations of factors were excluded. The final sample consisted of 394,537 patients. The database was segmented into groups based on 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 risk factors. The fatality rate conditioned by risk factors was estimated (83 combinations). Results: Among patients with 0 risk factors, the fatality rate was 2.1%. In those aged = 50 years alone or more, the fatality rate was 20.2%. The combination of factors with the highest fatality rate was age = 50 years + diabetes + obesity (57.1%). Conclusions: COVID-19 fatality rates conditioned by risk factors ranged from 1.7% to 57.1%, according to the presence or absence of specific comorbidities. Studies like this are necessary to address more precisely the risk of death among subpopulations exposed to different risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) precedes cervical cancer and it is associated with risk factors that can be identified in the population, which contribute to timely diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To identify associated risk factors for the development of CIN in women attended at the first level of care. Material and methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted in women in the 2020-2022 period. Frequencies and means were obtained. For the differences, chi-squared and Student's t were used. Odds ratios (OR) were obtained to assess the risk. Results: ORs were determined in the group of women with CIN II/CIN III, obtaining risks of almost twice the risk factors analyzed compared to the CIN I group, which had the same factors. When analyzed by age groups < or > 40 years, significant associations were determined in the factors of parity, first cytology in life and positive for smoking. In the group < 40 years and with CIN II/III significant risks were determined in age at first pregnancy < 18 (OR 8.33), first cytology in life (OR 3.77), positive for smoking (OR 3.0), sexual intercourse initiation (SII) before 18 years of age (OR 3.1) and parity (OR 1.3). Conclusions: According to the results obtained, sexual and reproductive behavioral factors are of high risk for the development of CIN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have witnessed an unprecedented rise in attacks on women's rights and freedom in sub‐Saharan Africa. No historical quantitative research exists that analyzes how sexual, physical, and emotional violence against women is influenced by the rise of radical Islam in Nigeria. Consecutive survey data for the years 2008, 2013, and 2018 were analyzed to determine associations between religion and other risk factors for violence against women. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for covariates. Sexual violence against Muslim women increased by 216.7% compared to a 25.4% increase among Catholics. Muslim women with no education had a lower estimate of the sexual violence they experienced (β = −0.15, CI: −0.137 to −0.016) than Christian women with no education (β = −0.05, CI: −0.138 to −0.004). The risk of violence against women has increased in recent years due to the activities of Boko Haram in the Muslim‐dominant north. We show that the effects of religion and education on violence against women are interconnected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in dual-purpose calves on cattle ranches in Veracruz, Mexico. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in five municipalities from the center of Veracruz. The animals included in the study were calves between 1 and 60 days old. Stool samples were taken directly from the rectum. The modified Faust centrifugation technique was used to concentrate oocysts and Direct Immunofluorescent Test for their detection. In each ranch surveys were applied to know the characteristics of the animals and their management. General and specific prevalence was estimated. Variables were analyzed using the univariate Chi-square test to determine possible epidemiological associations. Results. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 69.9%, and the municipality with the highest prevalence was Tlalixcoyan (96.6%). No significant difference was found between the age, sex, breed and consistency of the feces of the calves. The ranch (R9) was the only factor associated with Cryptosporidium spp. in the calves studied. Conclusions. There is a high prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves from dual purpose cattle ranches from the center of Veracruz, Mexico. Future studies are required to determine the predominant species and genotypes in the region for an integral understanding of the transmission dynamics and zoonotic potential of this protozoan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mother‐infant bonding is influenced by several risk and protective factors, and the literature has investigated the relationships between these factors independently. This study aimed to verify the interrelationships of some of these factors and how they influence mother‐infant bonding in Brazil. In this study, 361 mothers participated, and the outcome variable of mother‐infant bonding was assessed using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Multivariate regression analysis was performed using a hierarchical model with three blocks structured according to the influence exerted on mother‐infant bonding. The PBQ's factor scores were estimated and used in the subsequent analyses to decrease measurement error. The variable "violence experienced by mothers" was statistically significant for explaining the second block model but not significant for the third block. Network analysis was performed after multiple regression, showing that the violence experienced by mothers does not directly influence mother‐infant bonding but rather is mediated by postpartum depression. This explains why violence is not significant in the hierarchical multiple regression when maternal depression is added to the model. This study's strengths lie in its utilization of PBQ factor scores and network analysis, enabling the estimation of conditional relationships among variables. This approach provides deeper insights into factors affecting mother‐infant bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. La relación entre la obesidad y el consumo de alcohol es un tema de gran interés para la salud pública. Las bebidas alcohólicas aportan calorías adicionales a la dieta, lo que podría ser un factor relevante en el riesgo de sobrepeso. Sin embargo, su asociación con la ganancia de peso es controversial y está influenciada por múltiples factores. Objetivo. Analizar la relación entre la ingestión moderada de alcohol y el índice de masa corporal, y las variables que pueden influir en dicha relación. Materiales y métodos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 155 personas de Puerto Madryn (Argentina). Cada participante contestó un cuestionario sobre salud, estilo de vida, factores demográficos y socioeconómicos. Se tomaron medidas antropométricas y se tipificaron los polimorfismos de 18 genes relacionados con el metabolismo del alcohol. Resultados. Se encontró que el consumo moderado de alcohol está asociado con un índice de masa corporal más bajo, particularmente en el sexo femenino. Un aumento de 14 gramos de alcohol estuvo asociado con un riesgo de 0,68 para la obesidad y 0,71 para el sobrepeso. La variante T del marcador rs4646543 (ALDH1A1), un gen involucrado en el metabolismo del alcohol y en la adipogénesis, se asoció con una mayor frecuencia de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas. Conclusión. Los hallazgos del presente trabajo sugieren que el consumo moderado de alcohol no contribuye significativamente al peso corporal en la muestra estudiada. Además, la asociación con ciertas variantes genéticas, como las del gen ALDH1A1, podría explicar biológicamente la relación inversa observada entre el peso y el consumo de alcohol.

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Evaluar la herramienta denominada “caotero”, diseñada con métodos ergonómicos, para el transporte de mazorca de cacao desde la zona de cultivo hasta la zona de fermentación, en cultivos de escala familiar, con el fin de encontrar si con aquella se mitigan la carga sobre la espalda y las posturas forzadas y permitía transportar la carga. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en la vereda San Nicolás Alto, del municipio de Lebrija, Santander, que incluyó 18 cacaocultores que participaron de manera voluntaria. El estudio se realizó mediante un diseño unifactorial, con dos tratamientos: transporte tradicional y la herramienta caotero,. Resultados: Se encontró que la fuerza en el músculo erector de la espalda disminuyó en el 19 % al usar la herramienta caotero respecto al transporte tradicional, permitiendo transportar la carga desde la zona del cultivo hasta la zona de fermentación sobre el terreno con inclinaciones de hasta 30°, cubierto de material vegetal y desniveles a diferentes alturas. Contrario a esto, se halló que la flexión de la espalda aumentó a 58°, lo que constituye un efecto negativo en la salud del trabajador. Conclusión: Con la herramienta caotero se logra disminuir la fuerza en el músculo erector de la espalda. Además, permite que la carga sea transportada a través de la distribución de la carga sobre otras partes del cuerpo, tales como el sistema mano-muñeca-brazo. Así mismo, se podría seguir trabajando en su mejoramiento, a partir del diseño colaborativo y centrado en las personas, de herramientas ergonómicas, con el fin de mejorar su salud musculoesquelética

Introducción: La enfermedad de COVID-19 ha sido una de las pandemias más perjudiciales para la humanidad, por lo cual, garantizar la adherencia a medidas preventivas y de control es fundamental. Esta adherencia depende en gran medida de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) de la población frente al COVID-19. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas hacia la prevención de COVID-19 y sus factores asociados en Oaxaca, México. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal y analítico, en mayores de edad a través de una encuesta en línea sobre CAP. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, y chi cuadrada o exacta de Fisher para comparaciones categóricas. Se analizaron los factores asociados a un mayor nivel de CAP calculando OR´s a través de regresión logística. Resultados: En total 176 personas participaron, de los cuales 82,42% fueron mujeres y 81,83% fueron

Introduction: oral mucosa lesions (OML) are any abnormal variations in appearance, color, texture, swelling, or loss of integrity of the oral mucosa. The worldwide prevalence varies from 4.9 % to 64.7 %. This study aimed to determine the frequency of oral lesions in patients who consult the Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was carried out using a structured instrument with sociodemographic, clinical, and habit variables and systematic clinical examination according to the WHO. Statistical analysis was univariate and bivariate, calculating the average and standard deviation for the age variable and absolute and relative frequencies for each sociodemographic and clinical variable. Chi-square tests were done for differences in proportions. Results: 539 patients, the average age was 35.2 years (SD=23.5 years). The frequency of patients with oral lesions was 75.9 % (409). Statistically significant differences were found between the number of lesions and age, use, and type of appliances. Orthodontic appliances were the most common cause of injury (43.1 %). The most frequent lesions were traumatic (68.2 %), followed by vascular (22 %), exfoliative cheilitis (20 %), infectious (17.1 %), and reactive (5.13 %). Conclusions: the prevalence of OML in this population is high, with women mainly affected. The study highlights the importance of making a systematic clinical examination and correlating the findings with the patient's history to establish a diagnosis, prognosis, and appropriate treatment.

Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) have improved the clinical course and quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, some patients failed to respond or have an insufficient response to bDMARD early in the course of the treatment. To determine the percentage of RA patients who need to switch due to ineffectiveness in the first year of treatment and to identify specific baseline features as possible predictors of switch due to ineffectiveness in the first year of treatment. An observational retrospective study was conducted with patients with RA that started their first bDMARD. Demographic data, disease characteristics, disease activity data scores, laboratory parameters and treatment at baseline were collected. The proportion of patients who failed to respond and who switched to another bDMARD in the first year of treatment was calculated. A total of 437 (364 females, 83.3%) patients with RA were included. The majority of these patients started an anti-TNF-α agent (n = 315, 72.1%). Forty-eight (11.0%) patients failed to respond to the bDMARD in the first year of treatment. There were significantly more current or former smokers (p = 0.030), with a history of depression (p = 0.003) and positive for RF at baseline (p = 0.014) in the switch group. In the multivariate analysis, anti-TNF-α agents use (OR 8.3, 95% CI 2.4–28.8, p = 0.001), tobacco exposure (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–4.8, p = 0.02) and history of depression (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.3–7.7) seem to predict the need to switch in the first year of treatment due to ineffectiveness. In our study, tobacco exposure and depression appear to be modifiable risk factors associated with early switching due to ineffectiveness. Addressing these factors in daily clinical practice is crucial to enhance the overall response to therapy and improve the well-being of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)