Search

Genus Dicranophragma Osten Sacken, l860 Dicranophragma Osten Sacken, 1860: 240 (as subgenus of Limnophila; original description). Type species: Limnophila fuscovaria Osten Sacken, 1860 (Nearctic), by monotypy., Published as part of Mederos, Jorge, Gago, Sergi, Bra��as, Neus, Fadrique, Floren, Caballero-L��pez, Berta & Mas��, Gl��ria, 2020, A new Dicranophragma (Diptera: Limoniidae) from a hypogeous environment in Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula), pp. 109-121 in European Journal of Taxonomy 724 on page 112, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1163, http://zenodo.org/record/4298044, {"references":["Osten Sacken C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 26276 / summary [accessed 23 Nov. 2020]."]}

Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) relictum Mederos sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 06E1B5A9-0618-4121-832E-094B65D3B55A Figs 1 E���F, 2���3, 4A���D, G, 5A���B, D Differential diagnosis General coloration grey to greenish grey, greenish grey hue on thorax in some specimens; dark grey on abdomen. Wings yellowish-brown, veins brown, a little more than four times as long as wide, stigma light brown, poorly defined in some specimens. Petiole of M 1 and M 2 2.5���3 times as long as these veins. Male terminalia in lateral view with acute distal upper part of aedeagus, longer than the lower part. Female terminalia with three spermathecae. Body length 7.0��� 11.5 mm, wing length 7.4���10.5 mm. The morphologically closest species is D. nemorale (Figs 4E, H, 5E). These two species can be separated by the bi-colored appearance of D. nemorale (light-grey thorax and pale-brown abdomen) compared to the more uniform grey to greenish grey coloration of D. relictum Mederos sp. nov., by the color of the legs (completely yellow in D. nemorale in contrast to the progressively darker brown towards tarsi in D. relictum Mederos sp. nov.), and by the shape of the aedeagus in male terminalia (Fig. 4), in both lateral and dorsal views. Etymology The new specific name is a qualifying adjective and a term that comes from the Latin word ��� relictum ��� that refers to the isolated situation of this species. Material examined Holotype SPAIN ��� ♂; Catalonia, Barcelona, Sant Lloren�� Savall, Parc Natural Sant Lloren�� del Munt i l���Obac, Avenc del Dav��; 932 m a.s.l.; 25 Jul. 2019; J. Mederos, S. Gago, F. Fadrique and X. Oller leg.; specimen collected at - 40 m depth; dry specimen, pinned with minute pin on foam; MZB 2019-0985. Paratypes SPAIN ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; dry specimens; MZB 2019-0986 to 2019- 0988 ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; J. Mederos leg.; specimens collected at - 20 m depth; dry specimens; MZB 2019-0989 to 2019-0991 ��� 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for holotype; 19 Jun. 2019; J. Mederos, S. Gago and F. Fadrique leg.; specimens collected at - 40 m depth; dry specimens; MZB 2019-0944 to 2019-0947 ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for holotype; 19 Jun. 2019; J. Mederos, S. Gago and F. Fadrique leg., specimens collected at - 40 m depth; in ethanol 70%; MZB 2019-0949 to 2019-0951 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for holotype; 19 Jun. 2019; J. Mederos leg.; specimens collected between -7 to - 27 m depth; in ethanol 70%; RBINS I.G. 34107 ��� 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same locality as for holotype; 19 Jun. 2019; J. Mederos leg.; specimens collected between -7 to - 27 m depth; in ethanol 70%; MNHN ED10669, ED10670 ��� 5 ♀♀; same locality as for holotype; 19 Jun. 2019; J. Mederos leg.; specimens collected between -7 to - 27 m depth; in ethanol 70%; MZB 2019-0954, MZB 2019-0955, MZB 2019- 0980. Other material examined SPAIN ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; in absolute ethanol; MZB 2019-0992 to 2019- 0994. Description Male MEASUREMENTS. Body length (without antennae) 7.0��� 7.2 mm. Antenna length 1.3���1.5 mm. Wing length 7.4���8.0 mm. HEAD (Fig. 2). Grey pruinosity, some specimens with small dark grey dots; small concavity (depression) on vertex, which seems darker in contrast to the surrounding area due to reflection of light. Antenna barely reach fore coxa; scape and pedicel yellow to yellowish brown, pedicel brown in distal half; first flagellomere yellow to yellowish brown, other flagellomeres brown to dark brown towards tip; terminal flagellomere longer than penultimate one; flagellomeres ovoid, narrower and shorter towards tip; verticils about 1.5���2 times as long as their respective flagellomeres. THORAX (Fig. 2). Grey to greenish grey, occasionally with some brown hues; some specimens have small, dark grey to black dots scattered overall; prescutum with four, dark grey to brownish grey longitudinal stripes, two long central stripes and two other short lateral stripes; in some specimens, the two longitudinal central stripes merge into one broad stripe. Pleura light grey to greenish grey. Coxae and trochanters yellow to yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown, progressively browner towards tarsi. WING (Fig. 3). Tinged pale brown to yellowish brown, just over four times as long as wide, veins brown to dark brown, stigma light brown and in some specimens poorly defined. Venation: R2+3 of variable length, from just longer than R 2+3+4 to more than twice as long; petiole of M 1 and M 2 between 2.5���3 times as long as these veins but in some specimens up to six times this length due to reduction of cell m1 (Fig. 3H); cell dm hexagonal, with some variability in shape and length. ABDOMEN. Grey to greyish brown, covered with short fine silver hairs; apical edge of tergite 7 and tergite 8 dark grey to brown, together with corresponding sternites; tergite 9 yellowish brown, terminalia yellow. MALE TERMINALIA (Fig. 4 A���D, G). Gonocoxite conical, less than twice as long as outer gonostylus; outer gonostylus stouter, moderately arched on apical half, paler in two proximal thirds and darker in distal third, with bi-toothed apex. Inner gonostylus fleshy, conical, shorter than outer gonostylus, slightly curved at apex and with several hairs at tip; interbase spoon-like; paramere moderately stout, long and obtuse at apex; aedeagus bipartite distally in lateral view, with upper part acute and longer than lower part. Female MEASUREMENTS. Body length 10.5���11.5 mm. Antennae 1.6���1.8 mm. Wing length 9.7���10.5 mm. As male in general aspect and color, but larger in body size and wingspan. Verticils shorter, about twice as long as their respective flagellomeres. Female terminalia (Fig. 5 A���B, D) with internal structures as shown in Fig. 5D. Vaginal apodeme (genital fork) short and rather broad. Another prominent feature to consider, in addition to the shape of the vaginal apodeme, is the significant reduction of the inner walls of tergite 9 in the internal structure of the terminalia compared to those of the other species present in the Iberian Peninsula. Spermathecae dark brown, ovoid, the length of the sclerotized parts of their ducts about 2 times as long as the spermatheca (Fig. 5D). Biology The specimens of D. relictum Mederos sp. nov. reacted little to human contact, either when we were taking photographs just a few centimeters away or when captured. No flight reactions were observed in any specimen of either sex, they only walked on the walls of the chamber or substrate when moving away from their initial resting sites. Only once was a slight wing fluttering observed but without taking flight. An analogous behavior was observed in specimens of the cranefly Tricyphona (Tricyphona) contraria Bergroth, 1888 in another cave with a similar speleogenesis, also in conglomerates and of similar age, in the Montserrat massif, approximately 20 km from Avenc del Dav�� (Mederos et al. 2018). The temperature and relative humidity during the study period oscillated between 7.2���9.3��C and 89.3��� 91.8% RH. Venation in craneflies is prone to individual anomalies, including the addition of cross veins and the opening of cells due to vein atrophy (Edwards 1938; Gelhaus 2009), and we found anomalies in several specimens of this population of D. relictum Mederos sp. nov. Larvae of Dicranophragma have been reported to be semi-aquatic, being found in springs and beds of fine-grained sediments in large water courses, in marginal situations along flowing and standing waters, in the more or less saturated organic mud of lake margins and marshes, and in rich organic mud near reservoirs (Reusch & Schrankel 2006; Kramer & Withers 2007; Podenas & Podeniene 2008; Cranston & Drake 2010). Adults have been observed and collected from a variety of habitats including wet mineral and peaty soils, especially wet meadows, small swampy wooded areas, wet scrapes in a field, marshland, a forest above riverbanks, emerging from a forest floor in a beech (Fagus sp.) forest; with a preference for mildly calcareous soils within wet wooded habitats, and in a semi-wet Fraxinus forest (Crossley 2003; Boardman 2007, 2016; Nielsen & Nielsen 2009; Star�� & Reusch 2009; Drake 2011; Chandler 2015). The absence of the aforementioned ecological conditions in the massif, particularly in the vicinity of the cave, suggests that D. relictum Mederos sp. nov. is isolated in Avenc del Dav�� and a remnant of a time when the species was found elsewhere in the region when it was characterized by different conditions. The population of D. relictum Mederos sp. nov. in Avenc del Dav�� is located approximately from a depth of - 7 m to the chamber located at approximately - 40 m. Several other species of arthropods were observed and sampled in this area, including Limonia nubeculosa Meigen, 1804 (Diptera: Limoniidae), the only other cranefly observed in this cave and very abundant during the prospecting dates (June���July 2019). The specimens of L. nubeculosa were distributed uniformly over the walls of the cave, while D. relictum Mederos sp. nov. was found only in specific spaces on the west wall (descent ramp) and on the floor of the chamber located at - 40 m. Distribution Species known only from the type locality, Avenc del Dav�� cave in Catalonia. Remarks The examination of the specimens captured in Avenc del Dav�� reveals differences in structure, both in male terminalia as well as the spermathecae and shape of the inner wall of tergite 9 in female terminalia, that are constant and sufficient to regard this as a distinct from other European species of Dicranophragma. Dicranophragma relictum Mederos sp. nov. can also be distinguished by external characters, such as the body coloration, wing venation and wing pattern. The closest species is D. nemorale, as shown in the differential diagnosis section, widely distributed in the Palearctic and cited in the Iberian Peninsula from Andorra, Portugal and more recently from Spain (Eiroa 2002; Hancock 2020; Hancock & Hewitt 2020; Oosterbroek 2020)., Published as part of Mederos, Jorge, Gago, Sergi, Bra��as, Neus, Fadrique, Floren, Caballero-L��pez, Berta & Mas��, Gl��ria, 2020, A new Dicranophragma (Diptera: Limoniidae) from a hypogeous environment in Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula), pp. 109-121 in European Journal of Taxonomy 724 on pages 113-119, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1163, http://zenodo.org/record/4298044, {"references":["Stary J. & Reusch H. 2009. European species of the subgenus Brachylimnophila (Diptera: Limoniidae). Entomologica Fennica 19: 207 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84437","Mederos J., Gago S. & Eiroa E. 2018. Primera cita de Tricyphona (Tricyphona) contraria Bergroth, 1888 (Diptera: Pediciidae) para la Peninsula Iberica y otros registros interesantes de Tipuloidea capturados en","Edwards F. W. 1938. British short-palped craneflies. Taxonomy of adults. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 5: 1 - 168.","Gelhaus J. K. 2009. Tipulidae (crane flies, Tipulidos). In: Brown B. V., Borkent A., Cumming J. M., Wood D. M., Woodley N. E. & Zumbado M. A. (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1: 193 - 236. NRC Research Press, Ottawa.","Reusch H. & Schrankel I. 2006. 6.13. 1 Schnakenartige (Tipulomorpha). In: Gerecke R. & Franz H. (eds) Quellen im Nationalpark Berchtesgaden. Lebensgemeinschaften als Indikator des Klimawandels. Forschungsbericht Nationalpark Berchtesgaden 51: 177 - 182.","Kramer J. & Withers P. 2007. Craneflies (Diptera) from the Pierre Verots Nature Reserve, St Jean de Thurigneux, Ain, France. Dipterists Digest (2 nd series) 13: 157 - 163.","Podenas S. & Podeniene V. 2008. Tipuloidea excl. Tipulidae. In: Ziegler J. (ed.) Diptera Stelviana. Vol. 1. Studia Dipterologica Supplement 16: 345 - 354.","Cranston P. & Drake C. M. 2010. Immature stages of flies and some microhabitats: water. In: Chandler P. J. (ed.) A Dipterists Handbook, 2 nd Ed: 170 - 176. The Amateur Entomologist 15, The Amateur Entomologist Society. London.","Crossley R. 2003. Entomological report: Diptera (Tipuloidea and Empidoidea). Naturalist (Sheffield) 128: 59 - 64.","Boardman P. 2007. A Provisional Account and Atlas of the Craneflies of Shropshire. Privately published, Oswestry.","Boardman P. 2016. Shropshire Craneflies. Field Studies Council, Telford.","Nielsen B. O. & Nielsen L. B. 2009. Emergence of soil nematocerans (Diptera, Nematocera) in a beech stand. Entomologiske Meddelelser 77: 117 - 135. [In Danish with English summary.]","Drake C. M. 2011. The Diptera of a wet woodland in Devon. Dipterists Digest (2 nd series) 18: 9 - 26.","Chandler P. J. 2015. Diptera recorded at Bushy Park, Middlesex. Dipterists Digest (2 nd series) 22: 69 - 110.","Eiroa E. & Baez M. 2002. Limoniidae. In: Carles-Tolra Hjorth-Andersen M. (coord.) Catalogo de los Diptera de Espana, Portugal y Andorra (Insecta). Monografias de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 8: 54 - 57.","Hancock E. G. 2020. Some cranefly records from Cazorla National Park, Jaen Province, Spain with description of a new species of Baeoura (Diptera, Tipuloidea). Dipterists Digest (2 nd series) 27: 91 - 100.","Hancock E. G. & Hewitt S. M. 2020. Craneflies (Diptera, Tipuloidea) trapped by the leaves of longleaved Spanish butterwort, Pinguicula vallisneriifolia Webb (Lentibulariaceae). Dipterists Digest (2 nd series) 27: 45 - 49.","Oosterbroek P. 2020. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW). Available from http: // ccw. naturalis. nl / [accessed Feb. 2020]."]}

Subgenus Brachylimnophila Alexander, l966 Brachylimnophila Alexander, 1966: 119 (as subgenus of Limnophila; original description). Type species: Limnophila brevifurca Osten Sacken, 1860 (Nearctic), by original designation., Published as part of Mederos, Jorge, Gago, Sergi, Bra��as, Neus, Fadrique, Floren, Caballero-L��pez, Berta & Mas��, Gl��ria, 2020, A new Dicranophragma (Diptera: Limoniidae) from a hypogeous environment in Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula), pp. 109-121 in European Journal of Taxonomy 724 on page 113, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1163, http://zenodo.org/record/4298044, {"references":["Alexander C. P. 1966. New subgenera and species of crane-flies from California (Ptychopteridae and Tipulidae: Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 92: 103 - 132.","Osten Sacken C. R. 1860. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1859: 197 - 254. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 26276 / summary [accessed 23 Nov. 2020]."]}

Plusiocampa (Stygiocampa) dalmatica Condé, 1959 Figs 205, 208 Plusiocampa dalmatica Condé, 1959: 48, fig. 2. Diagnosis (Condé 1959; Bareth 1988; Condé & Bareth 1996) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 41–47 antennomeres; numerous sheet-shaped complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3–4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; long, barbed notal clothing setae. No ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergite III with 0+0–1+1 (1+0) la macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 0+1 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 1+1 la, 4+4 (3+4) post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 5+5–6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8– 9+9 (10+9) post macrosetae. Urosternite I with 14+15–21+20, urosternites II–VII with 9+9–12+12, urosternite VIII with 2+2–3+3 macrosetae. Male with lateral expansions of posterior margin occupied by an area of glandular g 1 setae in adults (no expansion in juveniles and little expansion in young males), subcylindrical appendages without glandular a 2 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Remarks The studied material (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) allowed us to make additions to the diagnosis (Coll. AS). Habitat and distribution Subterranean species well distributed around the northwestern Dinaric Mountains, found in 18 caves (Figs 205, 208)., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 97-98, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1959. Un singulier diploure cavernicole de Dalmatie. Fragmenta Balcanica 2 (20): 165 - 172.","Bareth C. 1988. Campodes cavernicoles de la Venetie orientale (Frioule, Venetie Julienne) et de la Calabre (Insecta, Aprterygota Diplura). Atti e Memorie della Commissione Grotte \" Eugenio Boegan \" 27: 45 - 55.","Bareth C. & Conde B. 1996. Le complexe de Plusiocampa pouadensis (Denis) dans les grottes de la region pyreneenne. Memoires de Biospeologie 23: 127 - 131."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) dolichopoda inguscioni Bareth, 2002 Plusiocampa dolichopoda inguscioni Bareth, 2002: 122, figs 1–2. Differential diagnosis against the type form (Bareth 2002) Pronotum with 3+3 lateral posterior macrosetae, instead of 2+ 2 in the type form. Habitat and distribution Subterranean subspecies inhabiting one cave, Grotte Scaloria, Manfredonia, Gargano, Italian Peninsula, near the type locality., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Bareth C. 2002. Campodeidea de la Grotte Scaloria (Gargano, Italia), Diplura, Campodeidae. Bulletin de l'Academie lorraine des Sciences 41: 3 - 4."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) rhea Sendra sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 79F00B32-CCCA-4195-BB1F-52D3B2225C20 Fig. 124; Table 9 Etymology This species is named in honour of Rhea, mother of the Greek god Zeus and daughter of Gaea, the Earth goddess. She gave birth and cared for her son Zeus in the Ideon Andron Cave located in Mount Psiloritis, the highest mountain in Crete, where this new species was found. Material examined Holotype GREECE • 1 ♂; Crete, Anogeia, Ideon Antron Cave (Zeus Cave) at twilight zone area, near entrance; 1174 m a.s.l.; 22 Mar. 2006; Alberto Sendra leg.; MZB 2019-1033. Paratypes GREECE – Crete • 1 ♂; Pombia; 211 m a.s.l.; Alberto Sendra leg.; MSS habitat; Coll. AS • 1 ♂; Sissarha; 601 m a.s.l.; MSS habitat; Alberto Sendra leg.; Coll. AS. Description BODY. Body length 3.8–4.9 mm. Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope; body with thin, middlesized clothing, covered or not by a few thin barbs. HEAD. Three intact antennae in holotype and paratypes, with 30, 32 and 33 antennomeres, slightly shorter than body length (Table 9). Small coniform sensillum of third antennomere located in ventral position between c and d macrosetae. Central antennomeres 1.5× as long as wide, apical antennomere 1.6× as long as wide. Cupuliform organ occupying of total length of apical antennomere, with 8–9 complex olfactory chemoreceptors. Gouge sensilla 30 ⅕ – 32 µm long in a single distal whorl of 12–16 sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere. Frontal process plain, with non-tubercular setae and macrosetae with barbs along half to two-thirds; macrosetae along line of insertion of antennomere and x setae with similar lengths (a/i/p/x with relative lengths of 36/42/35/ 52 in holotype). Suboval labial palps with latero-external sensillum larger than sensillum of third antennomere, with two guard setae, up to 12 setae on anterior border and up to 180 neuroglandular setae. THORAX. Distribution of thoracic macrosetae (Fig. 124): pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la 3,4 and 2+2 sla 1,2 , 2+2 lp 1,3 (with additional 1+1 extra sma near the sagittal plane); mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la 1,2,3 , 3+3 lp 1,2,3 , 1+1 mp; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 lp 1,2,3 , 1+1 mp. All notal macrosetae long, robust, covered by thin barbs along distal third or half; submacrosetae sla 1,2 and sma thinner and shorter than notal macrosetae, but with same large base; marginal setae longer than clothing setae, covered by thin barbs along distal three-fourths. Legs elongated, pretarsus of metathoracic legs slightly overpassing end of abdomen (Table 9). Femur I without dorsal macrosetae but with one long, barbed ventral macroseta; femora II–III with one long, barbed dorsal and one long, barbed ventral macroseta. Tibia I with one short, barbed ventral macroseta; tibiae II–III with two short, barbed ventral macrosetae. Calcars with 2–3 rows of long barbs from base to tip, smooth on one narrow side along calcar. Dorsal and lateral subapical tarsal setae smooth. Slightly unequal claws (posterior claw 1.15–1.2× as long as anterior one); posterior claw without backward overhang; lateral crests well developed. Pretarsal processes long, setiform, reaching extremities of claws. ABDOMEN. Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites: 1+1 post 1 on I–III (0+1 la on III); 1+1 la, 2+2 post 1,2 on IV; 1+1 la, 5+5 post 1–5 on V–VII; 7+7 post on VIII; 9+9 post on abdominal segment IX. All post urotergal macrosetae thick, long and covered by thin barbs along distal four-fifths; la urotergal macrosetae shorter than post macrosetae, covered by barbs along distal half. Urosternite I with 9+9, urosternites II–VII with 5+5; urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae; all urosternal macrosetae robust and large, covered by long barbs along distal three-fourths to four-fifths. Apical, subapical and ventromedial setae with abundant long barbs. CERCI. One incomplete cercus on 4 mm long paratype with six articles in addition to basal article, 3.8 mm long; their articles show whorls of long macrosetae covered by thin barbs along distal twothirds, combined with whorls of smooth, thin setae, shorter than macrosetae, in addition to one apical whorl of short setae with a few distal barbs. GENITAL ORGANS. Male urosternite I with up to 160 glandular g 1 setae arranged in up to five rows with slightly enlarged subcylindrical appendages, each bearing up to 19 glandular a 1 setae. Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution Plusiocampa (P.) rhea sp. nov. has 3+3 lateral posterior macrosetae on the mesonotum and metanotum, a feature only found in P. (P.) pouadensis (Condé 1948c; Sendra & Escolà 2004). Nevertheless, P. (P.) rhea sp. nov. has medial posterior mesonotal and metanotal macrosetae, which are absent in P. (P.) pouadensis. Furthermore, P. (P.) pouadensis is a troglomorphic species from the Eastern Pyrenees, whereas P. (P.) rhea sp. nov. has been found in hypogean habitats, in soil, MSS and the twilight zones of caves at three locations on Crete., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 76-78, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1948 c. Addition a la faune des campodeides cavernicoles de France. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy, new series 7 (2): 45 - 54.","Sendra A. & Escola O. 2004. Campodeides cavernicoles du nord-est de la peninsule Iberique. Revue suisse de Zoologie 111 (4): 889 - 914. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41227849 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocmapa) solerii Silvestri, 1932 Plusiocmpa solerii Silvestri, 1932: 72, figs viii–ix. Diagnosis (Silvestri 1933a; Sendra et al. 2006) Non-troglomorphic species. Antennae with 22–25 antennomeres; frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.15) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with no backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown; female with long subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 82, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Silvestri F. 1932. Campodeidae (Thysanura) de Espana (primera parte). Eos 8: 115 - 164.","Silvestri F. 1933 a. Nuovi contributi alla conoscenza della fauna delle isole italiane dell'Egeo. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria in Portici 27: 61 - 111.","Sendra A., Satar A. & Montagud S. 2006. Premiere contribution a la faune de Diploures Campodeides de la Peninsule d'Anatolie, Turquie (Diplura: Campodeidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 113 (3): 693 - 709. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41228213 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Vandelicampa tisserandi Condé, 1955 Vandelicampa tisserandi Condé, 1955c: 407, figs 3–4. Diagnosis (Condé 1955c) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 29–38 antennomeres; eight to ten olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ. Long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse, smooth, long notal clothing setae. One dorsal femoral macroseta; two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal claws (1.04) with large lateral crests, posterior claw without a backward overhang; laminar pretarsus processess with a sharp ending covered with long ventral barbs. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 3+3 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 3+3 (2+2) la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 8+8, urosternites II–VII with 6+6, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with subcylindrical appendages of first urosternite similar to those of female. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in three caves in the karst areas of Lebanon (Fig. 210)., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 109, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Conde B. 1955 c. Mision Henri Coiffait au Liban (1951). 4. Protoures et Diploures Campodeides. Biospeologica 75: 397 - 412."]}

Patrizicampa Condé, 1962 Patrizicampa Condé, 1962: 199. Diagnosis (Condé 1962) Without dorsal femoral macrosetae or ventral tibial macrosetae; abundant macrosetae on all urosternites, including 3+3 macrosetae on urosternite VIII. Its apomorphic feature, the shape of the laminar pretarsal lateral process, is unique among diplurans. It starts with a large laminar lateral process, well barbed on the ventral side and ending in a thin, smooth, pointed process., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 12, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1962. Campodeides des grottes de Sardaigne (Insecta Diplura). Atti VII Congresso nazionale di Speleologia, Memoria III: 199 - 202."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) isterina Condé, 1993 Plusiocampa isterina Condé, 1993a: 736, figs 1a, 2, 3a, 4, 6a. Diagnosis (Condé 1993a, 1996) Non-troglomorphic species. Antennae with 23 antennomeres; four simple olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; slightly protruding frontal process with some slightly tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 (2+1) la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, thin, barbed notal macrosetae; short, smooth clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.29) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang; pretarsal processes short, with a few sparse barbs. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites IV–V with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II– VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown; subcylindrical female appendages bearing glandular a 1 setae., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 64, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1993 a. Une lignee danubienne du genre Plusiocampa (Diploures Campodeides). Revue suisse de Zoologie 100 (3): 735 - 745. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41223871 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Conde B. 1996. Diploures Campodeides de la Pestera de la Movile (Movile Cave), Dobroudja meridionales (Roumanie). Revue suisse de Zoologie 103 (1): 101 - 114. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41267657 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) tinoamorei Sendra & Nicolosi, 2019 Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) tinoamorei Sendra & Nicolosi in Sendra et al., 2019: 298, figs 1–22, tables 1–2.. Diagnosis (Sendra et al. 2019) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 37–41 antennomeres. Very slight protruded frontal process with slightly differentiated smooth macrosetae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; body with a small number of thin clothing setae with thin distal barbs. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.08–1.12) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 3+3 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 (6+5) post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Stylar setae with a few thin barbs. Male with an area of glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; appendages of female slightly thinner than those of male. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in three caves near Siracusa, southeastern Sicily., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 95, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Sendra A., Nicolosi G. & Amore E. 2019. Subterranean Campodeidae fauna from Sicily Island (Diplura); its biogeographical interest with the description of a new species of Plusiocampa. Zootaxa 4567 (2): 379 - 386. https // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4567.2.10","Sendra A. & Wagnell C. 2019. The cave-dwelling dipluran (Diplura, Campodeidae) on the edge of the Last Glacial Maximum in Vancouver Island caves, North America (Canada). Subterranean Biology 29: 59 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / subtbiol. 29.31467"]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) dargilani (Moniez, 1894) Campodea dargilani Moniez, 1894: 82. Campodea staphylinus – Viré 1897: 7, figs 1–2 (not Westwood, 1852). Troglocampa dargilani – Denis 1930 pars: 231, figs 25–28. Diagnosis (Denis 1923; Condé 1946; Bareth 2006) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 40–48 antennomeres; eight to nine complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2–1+1 lp macrosetae; thin, poorly barbed notal macrosetae; sparse long, thin, barbed notal clothing setae. No ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergite III with 1+1 la macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 3+3–4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 11+11, urosternites II–VII with 9+9, urosternite VIII with 3+3 macrosetae. Male with a narrow area of glandular g 1 setae; subtrapezoidal appendages with an area of glandular a 2 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Spermatozoid fascicles 60–65 µm in diameter and 25–30 µm wide, wheels with 2½–3 turns of 650 µm long and 13 µm diameter filament. Remarks The study of one female from Puech Cave, Grands Causses, France (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) has allowed us to supplement the former description, including regarding the presence of only 1+1 lp metanotal macrosetae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species, well-spread around the Grands Causses, where it is found in eight caves, living alongside the troglobite P. (P.) balsani., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Moniez R. 1894. Especes nouvelles de thysanoures trouvees dan la grotte de Dargilan. Revue biologique du Nord de la France 6: 81 - 86. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 10877325 [accessed 2 Jan. 2020].","Vire M. A. 1897. Le Campodea staphylinus Westwood, et ses varietes cavernicoles (C. cookei Packard; C. dargilani Moniez; C. nivea Joseph; C. erebophila Amann). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 3: 89 - 95.","Denis J. R. 1930. Sur la faune francaise des Apterygotes, XIe note: Diploures avec tableau de determination des especes francaises. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 55: 19 - 41.","Denis J. R. 1923. Notes sur les Apterygotes. Ordre: Diplura C. B. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 92: 231 - 236.","Bareth C. 2006. Les Campodes de France (Diploures Campodeides). Memoires de Biospeologie, hors serie: 2 - 108."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) grandii Silvestri, 1933 Plusiocampa grandii Silvestri, 1933b: 1, figs i–ii. Diagnosis (Silvestri 1933b; Condé 1954a) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 33–38 antennomeres. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; abundant clothing setae. Three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.25) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 1+1 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 6+6, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown; female with subcylindrical appendages bearing glandular a 1 setae., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Silvestri F. 1933 a. Nuovi contributi alla conoscenza della fauna delle isole italiane dell'Egeo. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria in Portici 27: 61 - 111.","Silvestri F. 1933 b. Descrizione di una nuova specie cavernicola di Campodeidae (Thysanura Entothropha) del Trentino. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia agraria de Bologna 6: 1 - 4.","Conde B. 1954 a. Ordnung: Entotropha (Diplura). In: Franz H. (ed.) Der Nordost im Spiegel ihrer Landtierwelt: 644 - 649. Universitatsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck, Austria."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) gadorensis Sendra, 2001 Plusiocampa gadorensis Sendra, 2001: 73, figs 1–4, tables i–ii. Diagnosis (Sendra 2001) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 46–52 antennomeres; 15–18 complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; small protruding frontal process with a few slightly tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2–3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 (2+3) lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 (2+3) lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; short notal clothing setae. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.15) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with no backward overhang. Urotergite II with 0+0–1+1 (0+1) post macrosetae; urotergite III with 0+0–1+1 la, 1+1–2+2 (0+1) post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 (1+2) la, 3+3– 4+4 (4+5) post macrosetae; urotergite V with 1+1 (1+2) la, 4+4–5+5 (4+5) post macrosetae; urotergite VI with 1+1 (1+2) la, 5+5 (4+5) post macrosetae; urotergite VII with 1+1 la, 5+5 (4+5) post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 (6+5) post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7–8+8 (8+9), urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with an area of glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female and male appendages identical. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species endemic to the isolated karst of Sierra de Gádor, in the Peni-Baetic System, southeastern Iberian Peninsula. It is known from seven natural caves and one mine., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Sendra A. 2001. Dipluros campodeidos (Diplura: Campodeidae) de las grutas almerienses (Almeria, Espana). Zoologica Baetica 12: 71 - 82."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) sardiniana Condé, 1981 Plusiocampa sardiniana Condé, 1981b: 593, fig. 1b. Plusiocampa provincialis ? – Condé 1953: 36. Diagnosis (Condé 1953 b, 1981 b, 1983) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 33–38 antennomeres; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.15) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 (0+1) la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 1+1 (1+2) la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VI with 2+2 (1+2) la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VII with 2+2–3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; thick clothing setae on abdominal segments IX–X; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae or glandular a 2 setae, with the exception of 1+ 1 g 1 and 2–3 a 2 in one specimen; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found only in the San Giovanni Caves, Sardinia., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 79, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1981 a. Description d'un Campodeide enigmatique de Sardaigne (Insecta: Diplura). Revue suisse de Zoologie 88 (1): 95 - 99. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41323335 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Conde B. 1981 b. Un nouveau Plusiocampa troglobie du massif de la Sainte-Baume (Diploures Campodeides). Revue suisse de Zoologie 88 (3): 589 - 594. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41337647 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Conde B. 1953 a. Diagnoses de nouvelles Campodeides Corses. Bulletin du Museum d'histoire naturelle, 2 ° serie 25: 562 - 567.","Conde B. 1953 b. Campodeides de la grotte de San Giovanni (Sardaigne). Notes biospeologiques 8: 33 - 37.","Conde B. 1983. Le genre Plusiocampa dans les grottes sardes (Diploures Campodeides). Revue suisse de Zoologie 90 (4): 899 - 905. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41311753 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) dallai Bareth & Condé, 1984 Plusiocampa dallai Bareth & Condé, 1984: 138, fig. 3. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 1984) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 32 antennomeres; 8 complex olfactory chemoreceptors with an atypical multi-sheet shape in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; thin, barbed notal clothing setae. Three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.25) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown, female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species only known from Grotta di Montenero, in the Gargano Promontory part of the Apulia Carbonate Platform, Italian Peninsula., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Bareth C. & Conde B. 1984. Nouveaux Plusiocampa cavernicoles d'Italie continentale (Diplura Campodeidae). Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana 116 (8 - 10): 132 - 147."]}

Patrizicampa sardoa Condé, 1962 Figs 1–2 Patrizicampa sardoa Condé, 1962: 199, figs a–b. Diagnosis (Condé 1962) Troglomorphic species. Cupuliform organ with 10–14 complex olfactory chemoreceptors. Protruding frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; long clothing setae covered with thin barbs. Subequal elbow-like claws (1.1) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergite III with 1+1 la, 0+0–1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 2+2 la, 1+1–3+3 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2–3+3 la, 2+2–4+4 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 3+3 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8–8+9 post macrosetae. Urosternite I with 15+15– 16+16, urosternites II–VII with 7+7–8+8, urosternite VIII with 3+3 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae, slightly subtrapezoidal appendages with glandular a 1 and a 2 setae; females with subcylindrical appendages and an apical area with glandular a 1 setae. Remarks (Figs 1–2) The study of many specimens collected in 6 new caves (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) allowed us to complete Condé’s diagnosis, as well as to supplement it with some minor taxonomic details. Medial antennomeres with 10–12 gouge sensilla 40–50 µm long. End of metathoracic leg reaches end of abdomen; calcars covered with barbs; subapical setae with thin barbs almost from base up to twothirds of length. Stylus with an apical seta with a few thin barbs and a large, thick basal tooth, medial and subapical setae covered with thin barbs. Male appendages with up to 60 glandular a 2 setae and 20 a 1 glandular setae (Fig. 1); female appendages with up to 18 a 1 glandular setae. Spermatozoid fascicle wheels with 2 turns of 140–160 µm long and up to 4 µm wide filament (Fig. 2). Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in eight caves in eastern Sardinia (Fig. 210)., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1962. Campodeides des grottes de Sardaigne (Insecta Diplura). Atti VII Congresso nazionale di Speleologia, Memoria III: 199 - 202.","Conde B. 1956 a. Campodeides cavernicoles de Grece. Notes biospeologiques 11: 7 - 12."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) suspiciosa Condé & Mathieu, 1957 Plusiocampa suspiciosa Condé & Mathieu, 1957: 467, fig. xi, 45–52. Diagnosis (Condé & Mathieu 1957) Non-troglomorphic species. Antennae with 20–21 antennomeres; four olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; non-protruding frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3–2+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse smooth notal clothing setae. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal small claws with small lateral crests, posterior claw with no backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergites IV with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown; female with subcylindrical to conical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution The locatity of this species is still not clear, as a label confusion may have occurred between two localities, one endogean habitat in France (Tarn-et-Garonne, La Capelle-Livran, Caylus) and a small cave in Sicily (Scaletta Zanclea, south of Messina).

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) festae Silvestri, 1932 Plusiocampa festae Silvestri, 1932: 75, figs x–xi. Plusiocampa festae coi Silvestri, 1932: 78. Diagnosis (Silvestri 1933a; Condé 1984a) Slightly troglomorphic species. Antennae with 25 and 35 antennomeres. Non-protruding frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; abundant notal clothing setae. Two (rarely three) ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal claws (1.1) with large lateral crests; posterior claw with no backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 1+0 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 2+2– 3+3 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 7+7 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 9+9 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with an area of glandular g 1 setae and enlarged appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Remarks The studied material (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) from MSS habitats was collected from inland Greece. Three specimens from Évia show variability in the number of post macrosetae on the third urotergite; they have 2+1, 2+2 and 3+3 post macrosetae, showing the dubious value of the subspecies P. (P.) festae coi. In addition, a juvenile from Montes Orno, Crete, has also been studied and it matches in all chaetotaxic characters with P. (P.) festae festae. In conclusion, we suggest that P. (P.) festae coi should be synonymized with the nominate subspecies. Habitat and distribution Soil-dwelling species previously found on Karpathos and Leros, islands of the Dodecanese Archipelago; also collected in endogean environments at two sites on Crete and at a locality near Izmir, Anatolia, Turkey. It seems to inhabit MSS, where it has also been found at 14 localities in continental Greece., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Silvestri F. 1932. Campodeidae (Thysanura) de Espana (primera parte). Eos 8: 115 - 164.","Silvestri F. 1933 a. Nuovi contributi alla conoscenza della fauna delle isole italiane dell'Egeo. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria in Portici 27: 61 - 111.","Conde B. 1984 a. Diploures Campodeides (Insectes) de Grece (1 ere note). Revue suisse de Zoologie 91 (1): 173 - 201. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41303604 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) lindbergi Condé, 1956 Fig 119 Plusiocampa lindbergi Condé, 1956a: 7, figs 1–2. Diagnosis (Condé 1956a) Slightly troglomorphic species. Antennae with 34–37 antennomeres; five olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ of a possibly regenerated antenna; non-protruding frontal process with nontubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, large, barbed notal macrosetae; smooth clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal claws (1.05–1.1) with middle-sized lateral crests, posterior claw with no backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with glandular g 1 setae, enlarged subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female with slender, subcylindrical appendages. Remarks The study of one male adult of 4.6 mm body length collected from the MSS habitat in Xànthi, Gérakas, Greece (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) allows the addition of information on the urosternites of the male. It has a narrow area of 96 glandular g 1 setae, arranged in 2–3 rows; enlarged and subcylindrical appendages with a distal area of up to 60 glandular a 1 setae (Fig. 119). Habitat and distribution Subterranean species known from Saint-Jean-le-Prodrome Cave (Spilaio Pelade) and from the MSS habitat near Xánthi, both on the Balkan Peninsula, in the Macedonian and Greek regions., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1956 a. Campodeides cavernicoles de Grece. Notes biospeologiques 11: 7 - 12."]}

Plusiocampa (Dydimocampa) euxina Condé, 1996 Plusiocampa euxina Condé, 1996: 102, figs 1–6. Diagnosis (Condé 1996) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 44–45 antennomeres; eight to ten complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; slightly protruding frontal process with a few anterior tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse short, smooth notal clothing setae. Three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.25) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a small backward overhang; short lateral processes. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 2+2 la, 5+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 9+9 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 8+7, urosternites II–VII with 6+6, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae, enlarged subcylindrical appendages with a large area of glandular a 1 setae; adult female unknown. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species inhabiting the Movile Cave, Southern Dubrudja, Romania., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 21, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1996. Diploures Campodeides de la Pestera de la Movile (Movile Cave), Dobroudja meridionales (Roumanie). Revue suisse de Zoologie 103 (1): 101 - 114. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41267657 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) bonadonai bonadonai Condé, 1948 Plusiocampa bonadonai Condé, 1948c: 50, figs 2–3. Diagnosis (Condé 1948c, 1949, 1950; Condé & Poivre 1982; Bareth 2006) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 31–37 antennomeres; 7–8 complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse notal clothing seate with a few distal barbs. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal claws (1.05) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a small backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergites IV–VII with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with abundant glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages like female appendages, with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in 11 caves and at one edaphic site in the Île Saint-Honorat caves around the Western Alps, in the mountain reliefs near the Mediterranean coast in the Provence Alps, France., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1948 a. Les Campodeides cavernicoles du Jura. Bulletin de l'Association speleologique de l'Est 1 (1): 1 - 6.","Conde B. 1948 c. Addition a la faune des campodeides cavernicoles de France. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy, new series 7 (2): 45 - 54.","Conde B. 1949. Plusiocampa provincialis n. sp. cavernicole de Provence (Diploures Campodeides). Bulletin de la Societe linneenne de Lyon (Oct. 1949): 166 - 169.","Conde B. 1950. Description d'un Campodeide cavernicole de Lombardie. Doriana (Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \" G. Doria \") 1 (3): 1 - 4.","Conde B. & Poivre C. 1982. Plusiocampa bonadonai Conde au Valais (Insecta, Diplura). Revue suisse de Zoologie 89 (1): 167 - 176. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41324017 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Bareth C. 2006. Les Campodes de France (Diploures Campodeides). Memoires de Biospeologie, hors serie: 2 - 108."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) hoffmanni Sendra & Paragamian sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7C4D40A0-3013-48A3-B3DF-529E78F99DDC Figs 59–94, 204; Tables 6–8 Etymology This species is named in honour of Luc Hoffmann (1923–2016), an extraordinary man, a naturalist and philanthropist, who helped create many international conservation organisations and supported conservation research and actions in the Mediterranean and elsewhere. Material examined Holotype GREECE • ♀; Crete, Marathos nomos Iraklion, Spilaio Doxa (n. 1065); 490 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2005; Fulvio Gasparo leg.; MZB. Paratypes GREECE – Crete • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype but 2 Jun. 2002; Coll. AS • 1 ♀; Zoniana nomos Rethymon, Spilaio Sfento Trypa (n. 701); 630 m a.s.l.; 11 Apr. 2003; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 6 ♀♀; Krousonas, Malevizi, Krousaniotiko Livadi, Varathro Stou Bokon ton Poro; 1Jul. 1990; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 1 ♀; Mylopotamos, Livadia, Varathro Sipouli; 24 Mar. 1990; Kaloust Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Malevizi, Gonies, Varathro Psistraki; 20 Nov. 2005; Kaloust Paragamian and S. Paragamian leg.; Coll. AS. Description BODY. Body length: 4.8 mm (juvenile), 4.7 and 5.4 mm (males from Spilio Doxa), 5.9 and 6.4 mm (females from Spilio Doxa), and 7.4 mm (male from Sfentoni Trypa). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope, but reticulate at high magnification (Figs 68–69); body with thin, long clothing, smooth or with a few thin distal barbs on dorsal side and well barbed on ventral side, legs and urosternal appendages. HEAD. Antennae with 44–53 antennomeres; central antennomeres 2.5–3× as long as wide, apical antennomere 2.5× as long as wide (Fig. 61). Large cupuliform organ occupying ¼ of total length of apical antennomere, with 8–10 complex olfactory chemoreceptors (Figs 59–60). Small coniform sensillum of third antennomere located in ventral position between c and d macrosetae. Thin and long gouge sensilla, 38–50 µm long, in a single distal whorl of 10–14 sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere (Figs 62–64). Protruding frontal process with tubercular setae and macrosetae with thin barbs. Three macrosetae along line of insertion of antennomere and x setae relatively long, covered from distal third to fourth (Figs 65–66). THORAX. Thoracic macrosetal distribution (Fig. 67): pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la 1,2,3,4 , 2+2 lp 2,3 ; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la 1,2,3 , 2+2 lp 2,3 , 1+1 mp; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 0+0, 0+1, 1+1, 1+2 la or 0+1, 1+1 sla, 2+2 lp 2,3 , 1+1 mp. All medial posterior macrosetae in a forward position. All long, thin notal macrosetae with very thin barbs along distal third or half; marginal setae longer than clothing setae, covered by a few thin distal barbs. Legs elongated, metathoracic legs overpassing end of abdomen at beginning of tarsus. Tibia longest part of leg, 1.11–1.30× as long as tarsus and 1.21–1.37× as long as femur (Table 7). Ratios between lengths of tibia, tarsus and femur seem more or less fixed (Table 7). Femora II–III with one long, thin dorsal macroseta and one shorter ventral macroseta. Tibiae I–III with two or three ventral macrosetae surrounded by thin, short barbs. Calcars surrounded from base almost to tip by thin, short barbs. Metatarsus with a pseudo-articulation on distal third. Typical double rows of thick, completely barbed setae along ventral side of tarsus. Dorsal and lateral subapical tarsal setae completely covered by thin barbs nearly from base almost to tip. Subequal to slightly unequal claws (posterior claw 1.05–1.15× as long as anterior one), with large lateral crests well developed on posterior claw prolongated backwards. Ventral side of claws with longitudinal ridges separated by a surface of micro-hemispherical structures. Pretarsal processes setiform, with abundant, very short proximal barbs (Figs 71–82). ABDOMEN. Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites: 1+1 post 1 on I–II; 1+1–0+0 la, 1+1 post 1 on III; 1+1 la, 3+3–4+4 post 1,2,4,5 on IV; 1+1 la, 5+5 post 1–5 on V–VII, 7+7 post on VIII; 8+8–9+9 post on abdominal segment IX. Urosternite I with 7+7–9+9, urosternites II–VII with 5+5–7+7, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae; all urosternal macrosetae robust, large, covered by long barbs along distal half to four-fifths (Figs 87–88). Stylus with subapical setae longer and more barbated, in fact completely surrounded by short, abundant barbs, more numerous on apical and ventromedial setae (Figs 92–93); large eversible vesicles (Figs 92, 94). Two complete cerci, 2.37 and 1.71× as long as body; this ratio higher in an incomplete 14.50 mm long cercus of 5.4 mm long male (Table 8); up to 11 articles, covered with numerous disorganized, long, thin macrosetae with thin barbs along distal half, in addition to a distal whorl of longer, thicker macrosetae on each article plus an apical whorl of barbed, thin, short clothing setae (Fig. 70). SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERS. Female urosternite I with subcylindrical appendages, each bearing up to 18 glandular a 1 setae in a distal area (Figs 89–91). Male urosternite I (Figs 83–86) with a posterior area of up to 160 glandular g 1 setae in larger male from Sfedoni Trypa (absent in smaller male); with thick, large, subcylindrical appendages, much thicker than female appendages, each bearing up to 100 glandular a 1 setae in a large distal area in two largest adults. Spermatozoid fascicles with a thick spiral filament. Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution The presence of medial posterior macrosetae on the mesonotum and metanotum relates P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. to almost half of the species in the subgenus Plusiocampa, all living in the European region, including most of the Mediterranean islands. Among them, P (P) festae is probably the closest related species due to the distribution pattern of their notal macrosetae; in spite of the fact that both species live in Crete (Condé 1984a; Silvestri 1933a), they occupy different habitats, P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. in deep subterranean habitats, P. (P.) festae in soil and subterranean superficial habitats. In addition to this ecological difference, there are several important features that allow them to be separated. Plusiocampa (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. has troglomorphic traits, with longer appendages than P. (P.) festae and more antennomeres and cercal articles, with more complex and more numerous olfactory chemoreceptors within the cupuliform organ. In P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov., the claws are slightly unequal to subequal, but with large lateral crests and a backward prolongation of the posterior claws. Additionally, P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. shows a protruding frontal process covered by tuberculated setae, 8+8 macrosetae on the first urosternite and 6+6 on the second to seventh urosternites. Some of these features also separate P. (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. from P. (P.) rybaki, a poorly described troglomorphic species from the southern Balkan Peninsula (Condé 1956). Plusiocampa (P.) hoffmanni sp. nov. has been collected from the deep zone of 14 caves in the numerous karst areas of Crete (Fig. 204).

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) bonadonai lanzai Condé, 1961 Plusiocampa bonadonai lanzai Condé, 1961: 399. Diagnosis differential against the type form (Condé 1961; Condé & Poivre 1982) Troglomorphic subspecies.Antennae with 27–33 antennomeres. Urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae. No adult males have been observed, and the young males from Valais do not have glandular g 1 setae, without glandular a 2 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean subspecies found in a cave of Valais (Switzerland) as well as in two caves in Brescia and Toscana (Italy), around the Western Alps., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1961. Stations et variation de Plusiocampa magdalenae Conde et de P. bonadonai Conde (Diploures Campodeides). Annales de Speleologie 16 (4): 387 - 399.","Conde B. & Poivre C. 1982. Plusiocampa bonadonai Conde au Valais (Insecta, Diplura). Revue suisse de Zoologie 89 (1): 167 - 176. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41324017 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Paratachycampa hispanica Bareth & Condé, 1981 Figs 196–201, 206 Paratachycampa hispanica Bareth & Condé, 1981: 776, figs 1a–c, 2a–c, 3a–c, 4a–c, 5a, c, e. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 1981; Sendra 1988; Sendra & Escolà 2004) Troglomorphic species. Epicuticle smooth. Antennae with 34–40 elongated antennomeres; 12–16 complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ. Protruding frontal process with abundant tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 1+1 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la macrosetae; long, thin notal macrosetae with a very few barbs; long, thin smooth clothing setae. Subequal, elbow-like claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang; laminar, barbed ventral pretarsal processes. Urotergites III–VII with 1+1 la macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 4+4 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 7+7 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 22+22, urosternites II–VII with 7+7, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae; overdeveloped appendages with a large area of glandular a 2 setae and an apical area of glandular a 1 setae; subcylindrical female appendages with glandular a 1 and a 2 setae. Remarks The studied material (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) allowed us to add taxonomic details revealed by SEM microscopy. Gouge sensilla abundant, as long as 28 µm, with thick transversal stripes with alternating rows of pores between them (Figs 196–197). Subequal claws with well-developed lateral crests (Figs 198–199). Lateral processes of pretarsus with S-shape, its ventral side covered with long, hooked barbs (Figs 200–201). Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in nine caves throughout the coastal karst reliefs in the east of the Iberian Peninsula (Fig. 206).

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) chiosensis Sendra & Gasparo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B3F3B66C-8C7C-48BF-A841-EAD3DF711C47 Figs 44–46; Tables 3–4 Etymology The name ʻchiosensisʼ is proposed based on the island of Chios, where it occurs in its deep subterranean habitat. Material examined Holotype GREECE • ♀; Chios Island, Sykias; 10 Jun. 2006; Fulvio Gasparo leg.; MZB 2019-1030. Paratypes GREECE • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; Coll. AS. Description BODY. Body length 4.4 and 4.9 mm (males, paratypes) and 7.8 mm (female, holotype). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope; body with sparse thin, long clothing, covered or not by a few thin distal barbs. HEAD. Holotype with two intact antennae of 54 antennomeres, 14.8 mm long. Small coniform sensillum of third antennomere located in ventral position between c and d macrosetae. Central antennomeres 3.8× as long as wide, apical anntenomere 3.6× as long as wide. Small cupuliform organ occupying 1/9 of total length of apical antennomere, with 6–7 complex olfactory chemoreceptors. Thin and long gouge sensilla (44–47 µm long) in a single distal whorl of 10–13 sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere. Frontal process developed, with tubercular setae and macrosetae with thin barbs. Three macrosetae along line of insertion of antennae poorly differentiated, only anterior one with 1–2 thin apical barbs; x setae longer than these macrosetae, with a couple of thin apical barbs (Fig. 44). Suboval labial palps with latero-external sensillum larger than sensillum of third antennomere, with two guard setae, up to 12 setae on anterior border and up to 130 neuroglandular setae. THORAX. Distribution of thoracic macrosetae: pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4–3+3 la 1,2,3,4 , 2+2 lp 2,3 (additionally in the three type specimens, 1+1 extra ma near the sagittal plane); mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 (0+1) la 2 , 2+2 lp 2, 3 , 1+1 mp; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 lp 2 and 1+1, 0+1 or 0+0 mp. All notal macrosetae long, thin, covered by very thin barbs along distal third up to half; marginal setae longer than clothing setae, covered by thin barbs along distal half up to two thirds; spare clothing setae, with 14, 21 and 23 clothing setae on each heminotum of pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum, respectively (holotype). Legs elongated, metathoracic legs overpassing end of abdomen in middle of tibia; measurements as in Table 3. Femora II–III with one long dorsal macroseta and one longer ventral macroseta. Tibiae I–III with two ventral macrosetae surrounded all along by thin, short barbs. Calcars surrounded from base to tip by thin, short barbs. Dorsal and lateral subapical tarsal setae completely covered by thin barbs almost from base and almost to tip. Subequal claws (posterior claw 1.0–1.05× as long as anterior claw); posterior claw with a small backward overhang; lateral crests well developed, noticeably ridged on ventral side. Pretarsal lateral process setiform, with plenty of very short proximal barbs. ABDOMEN. Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites: 1+1 post 1 on I–III; 1+1 la, 2+2 lp 1,2 on IV; 1+1 la, 5+5 post 1–5 on V–VII, 8+8 post on VIII; 11+11 (11+12) post on abdominal segment IX. All post urotergal macrosetae thick, long, covered by thin barbs along distal four-fifths; la urotergal macrosetae shorter than post macrosetae, covered by barbs along distal half. Urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II– VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae; all urosternal macrosetae robust and large, covered by long barbs along distal half up to four-fifths. Apical subapical and ventro-medial setae completely surrounded by short abundant barbs. CERCI. One complete cercus in holotype with eight articles in addition to basal article, 19.70 mm long (Table 4), 2.53 mm longer than body length; articles show whorls of long macrosetae covered by thin barbs along distal two-thirds, combined with whorls of smooth, thin setae shorter than macrosetae. SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERS. Female urosternite I (Fig. 45) with enlarged subcylindrical appendages, each bearing up to 16 glandular a 1 setae in a distal area. Male urosternite I (Fig. 46) without glandular g 1 setae, with moderated large subcylindrical appendages thicker than those of female, each bearing up to 33 glandular a 1 setae. Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution Although P. (P.) chiosensis sp. nov. has medial posterior macrosetae on the mesonotum and metanotum (sometimes absent in one or two heminota), as do many previously described species of Plusiocampa s. str., a similar reduction in the number of lateral anterior and lateral posterior macrosetae on the mesonotum and metanotum is present in another troglomorphic species, P. (P.) glagra from continental Greece (Condé 1984a). Plusiocampa (P.) chiosensis sp. nov. also shares a couple of noticeable taxonomical features with P. (P.) glabra in their subequal claws and the number of urosternal macrosetae. Nevertheless, the presence of 1+1 lateral anterior macrosetae on the mesonotum, the more abundant macrosetae on all urotergites, including the eighth abdominal segment, and the absence of glandular g 1 setae in males in P. (P.) chiosensis sp. nov. distinguish it from P. (P.) glabra. Plusiocampa (P.) chiosensis sp. nov. is only known from one cave and occupies the deep subterranean spaces, showing highly troglomorphic features (elongation of appendages, antennomeres and articles, and the strengthening of sensorial equipment of the antennae).

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) bonneti condei Sendra & Escolà, 2004 Figs 30–41 Plusiocampa bonneti condei Sendra & Escolà, 2004: 892. Plusiocampa pouadensis bonneti – Condé 1951: 61. Differential diagnosis against the type form (Sendra 1985; Sendra & Escolà 2004) Antennae with 30–43 antennomeres; eight to nine complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with slightly tubercular setae. Spermatozoid fascicle wheels with 2–2½ turns of 300–400 µm long and 7 µm diameter filament. Remarks (Figs 24–35) One male of P. (P.) bonneti bonneti from Cova Mora (San Juan de la Peña, Huesca, Spain) and six specimens of P. (P.) bonneti condei from Cova Toll (Moià, Barcelona, Spain) (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) were used for SEM to remark on some features that are difficult to observe under the optical microscope. In P. (P.) bonneti bonneti, the first urosternite shows very long subtrapezoidal appendages with a large area of glandular a 2 setae and a large area of glandular g 1 setae, with the surface covered by barbed clothing setae and well-barbed macrosetae (Figs 24–27). In P. (P.) bonneti condei, the epicuticle varies from completely smooth to gently reticulate (Fig. 35); antennomeres with a whorl of gouge sensilla, 16–18 µm long (Figs 31, 33). Olfactory chemoreceptors with a central column unfolded in several layers with a reticulate surface covered by pores (Fig. 30). Protruding frontal process with slightly tubercular macrosetae and setae (Figs 32, 34). Claws with large lateral crest with ventral longitudinal grooves separated by reticulate surfaces (Figs 36–39). Stylar setae totally covered by short, thin barbs (Fig. 40). Large eversible vesicles (Fig. 41). Habitat and distribution Subterranean subspecies found in 35 caves in the Eastern Pyrenees and the northern part of the Catalan Mediterranean Mountain System.

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) pouadensis fouresi Condé, 1955 Plusiocampa pouadensis fouresi Condé, 1955a: 27. Differential diagnosis against the type form (Condé 1955a; Bareth & Condé 1996) Urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 2+2 la, 6+6 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 7+7 post macrosetae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean subspecies inhabiting two caves on the French side of the Eastern Pyrenees., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 73-74, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Bareth C. & Conde B. 1996. Le complexe de Plusiocampa pouadensis (Denis) dans les grottes de la region pyreneenne. Memoires de Biospeologie 23: 127 - 131."]}

Subgenus Plusiocampa s. str. Silvestri, 1912 Diagnosis (Silvestri 1912; Condé 1955a; Sendra & Weber 2018) Lateral crests on claws from small to large, with subequal to very unequal, elbow-like claws; one dorsal femoral; from one to four ventral tibial macrosetae; setifom and smooth (in several species with a few proximal barbs) pretarsal lateral processes. Sternite I with 6+6–9+9, sternites II–VII with 4+4–7+7 and sternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae (with the exception of P. (P.) dargilani). Cerci elongated, with long articles covered in long, thin macrosetae with thin barbs and thin, smooth clothing setae. Habitat and distribution Within humid soils and MSS, but with a preference for the deep subterranean spaces found in caves, including the deepest caves in the world. The 60 species and 9 subspecies of this subgenus are wellspread around the Euro-Mediterranean region, from Southern Europe, including a small karst area in North Africa (Kabylian Mountains, Tell Atlas), throughout south of Central to Southeastern Europe and also reaching some spots in the Anatolian and Crimean peninsulas and Western Caucasus (Fig. 211).

Cestocampa gasparoi Bareth, 1988 Cestocampa gasparoi Bareth, 1988: 49, fig 3a–f. Diagnosis (Bareth 1988) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 27–29 antennomeres (perhaps regenerated); 12–13 simple olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3–4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; notal setal clothing sparse, long, smooth or with two apical barbs. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal small claws with small lateral crests, posterior claw without a backward overhang. Urotergite I with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite II with 1+2 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae, enlarged subcylindrical appendages with thin and long glandular a 2 setae. Spermatozoid fascicle wheels with 2½ turns of 350 µm long and 8 µm wide filament. Female unknown. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in Grotta Superiore di Sant’Angelo Calabria, south Italian Peninsula., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Bareth C. 1988. Campodes cavernicoles de la Venetie orientale (Frioule, Venetie Julienne) et de la Calabre (Insecta, Aprterygota Diplura). Atti e Memorie della Commissione Grotte \" Eugenio Boegan \" 27: 45 - 55."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) baetica Sendra, 2004 Figs 12–23 Plusiocampa baetica Sendra in Sendra et al., 2004: 114, figs 1–4, tables 1–4. Diagnosis (Sendra et al. 2004) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 39 antennomeres; 12 very complex olfactory chemoreceptors in a large cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum 1+1 with ma, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum without macrosetae; short, barbed notal macrosetae except pronotal lp; sparse smooth clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.16) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a short backward overhang. Urotergites V–VI with 1+1 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite VII with 1+1 la, 2+2–3+3 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 5+5–6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 8+8, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with a narrow area of glandular g 1 setae, with subcylindrical appendages similar to those of female, with glandular a 1 setae. Remarks SEM observations have shown several taxonomical features to complete the original description (Sendra et al. 2004). Each olfactory chemoreceptor shows a spiral fold with a central cylindrical structure, all with a multiporous surface, all tightly open to the exterior through a small opening (Figs 12, 14–15), surrounded by tiny coniform sensilla (Figs 12–13) that are present in the whorl of thin gouge sensilla on each medial and distal antennomere (Figs 16–17). Tibia longer than femur and tarsus (Fig. 18). Pretarsus with subequal claws with large lateral crests, the claws carved by longitudinal ridges and a micro-tuberculated surface (Figs 20, 22–23). Lateral process smooth, with several thin basal barbs (Figs 22–23). Stylar setae with abundant barbs (Fig. 21). Male with subcylindrical appendages with only glandular a 1 setae and a narrow area of glandular g 1 seate (Fig. 19). Habitat and distribution Subterranean species known only from Nerja Cave, a touristic cave in the internal zone of the Baetic Mountain Range, southern Iberian Peninsula., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 28-31, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Sendra A. & Escola O. 2004. Campodeides cavernicoles du nord-est de la peninsule Iberique. Revue suisse de Zoologie 111 (4): 889 - 914. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41227849 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) arbanasiensis Bareth & Condé, 2001 Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) arbanisiensus Bareth & Condé, 2001: 23, figs 7a–g, 8a–b [name emended to arbanasiensis]. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 2001) Non-troglomorphic species.Antennae with 23 and 26 antennomeres; five simple olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; slightly protruding frontal process with slightly tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 (2+1) la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; abundant barbed notal clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal claws (1.05–1.1) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a small backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites IV–V with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 2+2 (2+1) la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female appendages similar to those of male. Remarks The studied material allowed us to complete the above description. The complete antennae of a female from Jama 1 v Kanjaducah show 23 antennomeres with five simple olfactory chemoreceptors within the cupuliform organ; it has a distal whorl of 8–11 gouge sensilla that are 25 µm long. All specimens show a simple frontal process with non-tubercular setae; smooth subapical tarsal setae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I of male with a narrow area of up to 80 glandular g 1 setae arranged in two or three rows; subcylindrical appendages with up to 12 glandular a 1 setae; females with subcylindrical appendages as in male, with up to 9 glandular a 1 setae. Nevertheless, the large distance from the type locality casts serious doubts regarding the correct identification of this rare species. Habitat and distribution Hypogean species found in two geographically distant karst regions, the Lyashkata Peshtera Cave, Balkan Mountains in Bulgaria, and two caves in the Slovenian Dinaric Mountains., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Bareth C. & Conde B. 2001. Campodeides des grottes de Bulgarie (Insecta: Diplura). Memoires de Bioespeologie 28: 9 - 27."]}

Subgenus Venetocampa Bareth & Condé, 1984 Venetocampa Bareth & Condé, 1984: 143. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 1984) Mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 lp or 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; without mp notal macrosetae. One dorsal femoral macroseta; without ventral tibial macrosetae. Very unequal, elbow-like claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a large backward overhang. Urotergites with at most 1+1 lateral anterior and 4+5 posterior macrosetae starting from sixth urotergite; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with thick, enlarged appendages with a large area of glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution The two species of the subgenus Venetocampa, which inhabit the subterranean habitat, are found in two caves of the Veneto Region, northern Italian Peninsula (Fig. 211).

Plusiocampa (Stygiocampa) bureschi Silvestri, 1931 Plusiocampa bureschi Silvestri, 1931b: 100, figs iii–v. Plusiocampa (Stygiocampa) rauseri Rusek, 1965: 94, figs 18–24. Diagnosis (Silvestri 1931b; Condé 1955a, 1959; Condé & Bareth 1996; Bareth & Condé 2001) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 39–54 antennomeres; seven to nine complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 lp macrosetae; metanotum without macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; abundant notal clothing setae. No ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws (1.1) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a small backward overhang. Urotergite VII with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 4+4 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 6+6–7+7 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male without glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical slightly enlarged appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Spermatozoid fascicles 50 µm in diameter, 25 µm wide; wheels with 3½ turns of 300–350 µm and 5.6 µm diamter filament. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in 13 caves in a karst region on the left bank of the Iskar River, Sofia District, Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 96-97, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Silvestri F. 1931 a. Campodeidae (Insecta Thysanura) dell'estremo Oriente. Bolletino del Laboratorio d'Entomologia agraria in Portici 25: 286 - 320.","Silvestri F. 1931 b. Contributo alla conoscenza dei Campodeidae (Thysanura) della grotte della Bulgaria. Bulletin des Institutions royales d'Histoire naturelle a Sofia 6: 97 - 107.","Rusek J. 1965. Zur Kenntnis der Campodeidae (Diplura) Bulgariens. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslavaca 62: 92 - 97.","Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Conde B. 1959. Un singulier diploure cavernicole de Dalmatie. Fragmenta Balcanica 2 (20): 165 - 172.","Bareth C. & Conde B. 1996. Le complexe de Plusiocampa pouadensis (Denis) dans les grottes de la region pyreneenne. Memoires de Biospeologie 23: 127 - 131.","Bareth C. & Conde B. 2001. Campodeides des grottes de Bulgarie (Insecta: Diplura). Memoires de Bioespeologie 28: 9 - 27."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) vodniensis Bareth & Condé, 2001 Plusiocampa vodniensis Bareth & Condé, 2001: 18, figs 5–6. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 2001) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 31, 36 and 38 antennomeres; six simple olfactory chemoreceptors on cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; clothing setae abundant, smooth or with a few distal barbs. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergites IV–V with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 2+2 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species known only from the Vodni Pech Cave, Vidin town area, in the Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) romana Condé, 1954 Plusiocampa romana Condé, 1954b: 37, figs a–e. Diagnosis (Condé 1954 b, 1983; Ramellini 1990) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 26 antennomeres; 12 complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; thin, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse notal clothing setae. Two to four ventral tibial macrosetae; slightly unequal claws with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergite I with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite II with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2–3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urostenite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found on the Italian Peninsula in two caves, Grotta di Santa Liberata (Toscana) and Grotta dell’Inferniglio (Latium), and in soil habitat on Monti Ausoni, central Apennine Mountains., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 78, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1954 a. Ordnung: Entotropha (Diplura). In: Franz H. (ed.) Der Nordost im Spiegel ihrer Landtierwelt: 644 - 649. Universitatsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck, Austria.","Conde B. 1954 b. Campodeides cavernicoles de la Peninsule Italienne (note preliminaire). Notes biospeologiques 9: 37 - 40.","Conde B. 1983. Le genre Plusiocampa dans les grottes sardes (Diploures Campodeides). Revue suisse de Zoologie 90 (4): 899 - 905. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41311753 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Ramellini P. 1990. I Diplura dei Monti Ausoni e Aurunci (Lazio): fauna ed ecologia. Bollettino dell'Associazione romana di Entomologia 44: 13 - 28."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) friulensis Bareth & Condé, 1984 Plusiocampa friulensis Bareth & Condé, 1984: 136, fig. 2. Diagnosis (Bareth & Condé 1984) Slightly troglomorphic species.Antennae with 27 antennomeres; seven simple olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; frontal process with non-tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae. Unequal claws (more than 1.2) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I– II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with a large area of glandular g 1 setae and enlarged appendages with a large area of glandular a 1 setae; female appendages thinner than those of male, with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found at Inghiottitoio di Val dei Pai, Montereale Valcellina, Pordenone, Carnic Pre-Alps, Italy., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 50, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Bareth C. & Conde B. 1984. Nouveaux Plusiocampa cavernicoles d'Italie continentale (Diplura Campodeidae). Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana 116 (8 - 10): 132 - 147."]}

Subgenus Dydimocampa Paclt, 1957 Dydimocampa Paclt, 1957: 46. Diagnosis (Paclt 1957; Condé 1996) Dydimocampa shares with Plusiocampa s. str. the same taxonomic features, with the exception of the two dorsal femoral macrosetae. This fact, together with their distribution patterns, suggests that Dydimocampa is an artificial subgenus based on a single apomorphic feature that has probably appeared several times in Plusiocampa s. str. Habitat and distribution The three species treated here are cave-dwellers with a subterranean life-style and they are distributed in three disjunct karst areas in Europe (Fig. 211)., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Paclt J. 1957. Diplura. In: Wytsman P. (ed.) Genera Insectorum 212: 1 - 123. L. Desmet-Verteneuil, Brussels.","Conde B. 1996. Diploures Campodeides de la Pestera de la Movile (Movile Cave), Dobroudja meridionales (Roumanie). Revue suisse de Zoologie 103 (1): 101 - 114. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41267657 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) affinis Condé, 1947 Plusiocampa affinis Condé, 1947a: 25, fig. 4. Diagnosis (Condé 1947a) Non-troglomorphic species. Antennae with 23–26 antennomeres. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; smooth or distally barbed notal clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.30) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 1+1 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with an area of glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female appendages like male appendages. Habitat and distribution This species is only known from Županska pećina, Lubnice, Berane Municipality, Montenegro., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1947 a. Campodeides nouveaux des grottes Balkaniques. Notes biospeologiques 1: 17 - 32."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) ternovensis Sendra & Borko sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D1AE6C14-8920-4505-9B42-B518BB1A6FB0 Figs 153–156; Table 12 Etymology The specific name comes from the geographic area where this new species was found, the plateau called Trnovski gozd (Trnovo Forest). Material examined Holotype SLOVENIA • ♀; Ajdovšćina, Predmeja, Bela Griža 1 n. 7937; 2 Oct. 2014; Špela Borko leg., PMSL Diplura-001. Paratypes SLOVENIA • 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; Coll. AS • 7 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 3 juv.; Ajdovšćina, Predmeja, Velika ledena jama v Paradani n. 742; Coll. AS • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; PMSL Diplura-002 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; PMSL Diplura-003. Other material See Table S 2 in Supplementary Material. Description BODY. Body length 3.9–5.4 mm (females), 3.2–4.35 mm (males) and 2.7–3.7 (juveniles). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope; body with thin, middle-sized barbed clothing. HEAD. Only two complete antennae, in a juvenile with 40 antennomeres. Bacilliform sensillum of third antennomere in ventral position between macrosetae d and e. Central antennomeres 1.3× as long as wide. Eighteen to twenty thin gouge sensilla (30–34 µm) in a single distal whorl on each medial and distal antennomere; 2–3 coniform sensilla in same whorl, but also present in last antennomere. Cupuliform organ on apical antennomere with about eight complex olfactory chemoreceptors. Nonprotruding frontal process, with non-tubercular setae. THORAX. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 (1+1, 3+2) la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed macrosetae; long, thin, barbed notal macrosetae; clothing setae smooth or with up to four distal thin barbs. One dorsal femoral macroseta, barbed all along with thin, short barbs; one barbed tibial metathoracic macroseta and none on prothoracic or mesothoracic tibiae; calcars with thin, long barbs in several rows;very unequal claws (1.7–1.8) with large lateral crests; posterior claw with a large backward overhang (Figs 153–154). ABDOMEN. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 (1+0) la, 3+3–2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 1+1 (0+1) la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VI with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VII with 2+2 (2+1) la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7–8+8, urosternites II–VII with 6+6, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Stylus setae with a few barbs, smooth apically, with basal tooth; 3–5 thin distal barbs on subapical and mediosternal setae. CERCI. Incomplete cerci, a maximum of 5 primary articles have been observed in several specimens. Each primary cercus bears from six to ten disorganized whorls of long, barbed macrosetae, one distal whorl of smooth, long setae and an apical whorl of short, thin setae. GENITAL ORGANS. Male with two to four rows of up to 200 glandular g 1 setae, subcylindrical appendages with a small distal area of up to ten glandular a 1 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with up to 8 glandular a 1 setae (Figs 155–156). Phyletic affinities, habitat and distribution Several species of Plusiocampa s. str. share important taxonomical features with P. (P.) ternovensis sp. nov., such as the clearly unequal claws with large lateral crests, the posterior claw with a backward overhang and the absence of medial posterior macrosetae on mesonotum and metanotum, but only P. (P.) balsani and P. (P.) affinis share a similar distribution pattern of notal and urotergal macrosetae. Nonetheless, the secondary sexual features of P. (P.) balsani, with the male having subtrapezoidal appendages and glandular a 2 setae, unambiguously isolate it from P. (P.) ternovensis sp. nov. Morphologically and geographically speaking, its closest related species is P. (P.) affinis, but some clear differences separate them. The very unequal claws (1.7–1.8), presence of only one ventral tibial macroseta and the 2+2 lateral macrosetae on the urotergites are features of the new species that are not present in P. (P.) affinis, which has unequal claws (1.3), two ventral tibial macrosetae and 1+1 lateral macrosetae on the urotergites. Plusiocampa (P.) ternovensis sp. nov. has been sampled in three caves at the edge of a karst plateau north of the town of Ajdovščina, in Slovenia. This karst area is in the northern part of the Dinaric Mountains, a transitional zone between the Mediterranean, Alpine, Dinaric and Central European biogeographic regions. In two of the caves, the species lives together with P. (Stygiocampa) nivea, although they segregate differently within the cave. Plusiocampa (P.) ternovensis sp. nov. lives at a wider range of depths, while P. (S.) nivea occupies a deeper zone of the cave, at a depth of 500 m in the Velika ledena jama v Paradani and Bela Griža 1 caves. The temperatures in these two deep caves increase with depth, from permanently under 0ºC (Velika ledena jama v Paradani, with permanent ice in the upper parts) to more than 4ºC in parts deeper than 500 m. In Ledenica pri Dolu, an ice cave with temperatures below 2ºC, we found only P. (P.) ternovensis sp. nov., while in the Bošnarjev brezen Cave (5.9ºC to 7.0ºC) we found only P. (S.) nivea . This suggests that P. (P.) ternovensis sp. nov. may be considered better coldadapted than P. (S.) nivea., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 92-94, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) breviantennata Loksa, 1960 Plusiocampa breviantennata Loksa, 1960: 258, figs 2–9. Diagnosis (Loksa 1960) Non-troglomorphic species. Antennae with 19–20 doliiform antennomeres. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; thin notal macrosetae; sparse notal clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 3+3 post macrosetae; urotergites IV–VII with 4+4 post macrosetae; la macrosetae not mentioned in original description. Habitat and distribution Hypogean species, only found in Lóczy Cave, Balatonfüred, in the Balaton Uplands, southern Transdanubian Mountains, Hungary., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 35-37, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Loksa I. 1960. Faunistisch-systematische und okologische Untersuchungen in der Loczy-Hohle bei Balatonfured (Biospeologica Hungarica XL). Annales Universitatis Scientiarum Budapestinensis, Sectio Biologica 3: 253 - 266.","Sendra A. & Escola O. 2004. Campodeides cavernicoles du nord-est de la peninsule Iberique. Revue suisse de Zoologie 111 (4): 889 - 914. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41227849 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019]."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) djurdjurae Condé, 1984 Plusiocampa djurdjurae Condé, 1984b: 244. Diagnosis (Condé 1984b) Troglomorphic species.Antennae with 34–35 and 38 antennomeres; 28 simple olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3–2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; long, barbed macrosetae; barbed notal clothing setae. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.4) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–III with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 0+0–1+1 la, 2+2–3+3 post macrosetae; urotergites V–VII with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5– 6+6, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Young male with an area of glandular g 1 setae, enlarged appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species found in two caves, Ifri Semedane and Ifri Maareb, in the Djurdjura Mountains, Tell Atlas, Algeria, on the former Kabylian microplate., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1984 a. Diploures Campodeides (Insectes) de Grece (1 ere note). Revue suisse de Zoologie 91 (1): 173 - 201. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 41303604 [accessed 13 Nov. 2019].","Conde B. 1984 b. Decouverte du genre Plusiocampa en Afrique Septentrionale. Memoires de Biospeologie 9: 243 - 245."]}

Hystrichocampa pelletieri Condé, 1948 Hystrichocampa pelletieri Condé, 1948a: 5, fig. 2. Diagnosis (Condé 1948a, 1955a; Bareth 1968, 2006) Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 31–36 antennomeres; 8 to 10 olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse long, thin clothing setae. Unequal, elbow-like claws (1.2) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 1+1 la, 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 4+4 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI– VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with glandular g 1 setae, enlarged subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae. Spermatozoid fascicles 57–80 µm in diameter and 7–9 µm in width; wheels with 1½ turns of 150–200 µm long and 7–8 µm thick filament. Habitat and distribution Subterranean species widespread in the Jura karst mountains between France and Switzerland, where it is found in 18 caves (Fig. 210)., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 11-12, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1948 a. Les Campodeides cavernicoles du Jura. Bulletin de l'Association speleologique de l'Est 1 (1): 1 - 6.","Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Bareth C. 1968. Biologie sexuelle et formations endocrines de Campodea remyi Denis (Diploures Campodeides). Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol 5 (3): 303 - 426.","Bareth C. 2006. Les Campodes de France (Diploures Campodeides). Memoires de Biospeologie, hors serie: 2 - 108."]}

Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) pouadensis leoni Condé, 1951 Plusiocampa pouadensis leoni Condé, 1951: 60, fig. 2. Differential diagnosis against the type form (Condé 1951, 1955a; Bareth & Condé 1996) Antennae with 28–33 antennomeres. Urotergite III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 7+7 post macrosetae. Habitat and distribution Subterranean subspecies inhabiting three caves on the Spanish side of the Eastern Pyrenees., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on page 75, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1951. Campodeides cavernicoles de Catalogne. Speleon 2: 51 - 62.","Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Bareth C. & Conde B. 1996. Le complexe de Plusiocampa pouadensis (Denis) dans les grottes de la region pyreneenne. Memoires de Biospeologie 23: 127 - 131."]}

Cestocampa balcanica Condé, 1955 Cestocampa balcanica Condé, 1955: 57. Diagnosis (Condé 1955a; Sendra et al. 2012a) Non-troglomorphic species. With 25 antennomeres in a regenerated antenna; frontal process with nontubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; sparse smooth notal clothing setae. Two ventral tibial macrosetae; subequal small claws (1.03) with small lateral crests, posterior claw without a backward overhang. Urotergite I with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergites II–III with 2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2 (2+1) la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 (8+7) post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+1+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male unknown; female subcylindrical appendages with a 1 glandular setae. Habitat and distribution Soil-dwelling species found in two remote localities, the type locality in Rabitlje, south-eastern Dinaric Mountains, and on Monti Aurunci, Lazio, central Italian Peninsula., Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823, {"references":["Conde B. 1955 a. Materiaux pour une monographie des Diploures Campodeides. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, serie A, Zoologie 12: 1 - 202.","Sendra A., Arnedo M. A., Ribera C., Teruel S., Bidegaray-Batista L. & Conde B. 2012 a. Revision of Cestocampa Conde (Diplura, Campodeidae), with description of a new species from caves in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Zootaxa 3252: 43 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3252.1.2"]}