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1. One day you too will be older: Teaching empathy to physical therapy students with an older adult simulator suit.

Author

Lee, Daniel, Willoughby, Ashley, Pignotti, Max, McNulty, Brianna, Fagan, Natalie, Kapoutsos, Alex, and Patel, Jay

Subjects
EMPATHY, COMPUTER simulation, EFFECT sizes (Statistics), PEARSON correlation (Statistics), EXERCISE, RESEARCH funding, QUESTIONNAIRES, INTERVIEWING, MANN Whitney U Test, THEMATIC analysis, RESEARCH methodology, PHYSICAL therapy education, HEALTH outcome assessment, DATA analysis software, PHYSICAL therapy students
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an older adult simulation suit on empathy in physical therapy students. The study used a mixed-methods design. An older adult simulator suit was designed for use in this study. The primary outcome measure was empathy as measured by a 20-item Empathy Questionnaire (EQ). Secondary outcomes included rate of perceived exertion, functional mobility, and physical difficulty. Participants were physical therapy students (n = 24) enrolled in an accredited program in the United States. Participants performed a Modified Physical Performance Test (MPPT) with and without the simulator suit, followed by an interview about their experience. For the primary outcome of empathy, there was a significant difference on the EQ (n = 2.51, n =.02), indicating increased empathy following exposure to the suit. For secondary outcomes, there were significant differences on perceived exertion (n = 5.61, n <.001) and MPPT scores (n = 9.18, n <.001). Two themes were developed: 1.) Experience Creates Awareness and Inspires Empathy, and 2.) Empathy Impacts Treatment Perspective. Results support that an older adult simulator suit can affect empathy in student physical therapists. The benefits of having experienced the older adult simulator may help student physical therapists in making treatment decisions when working with older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Tactical Police Officers, Romantic Attachment and Job-Related Stress

Author

Fagan, Natalie

Subjects
Criminology and Criminal Justice, Family, Life Course, and Society, Other Sociology, Law Enforcement and Corrections
Abstract

Stressors stemming from tactical policing such as social isolation and increased work responsibilities often spill over into the home and affect personal relationships. Using attachment theory as the guiding framework, this mixed methods study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the factors involved in maintaining long-term relationships between tactical officers and their romantic partners. Phase I consisted of surveys administered to tactical officers in Kentucky and measured romantic partner attachment, organizational and operational police stressors. Research questions examined how operational and organizational stress correlated with attachment while controlling for demographics. Analysis indicated that holding a rank above an officer has a significant relationship to both operational and organizational stress. Influenced by the findings from phase I, phase II consisted of 30 qualitative interviews with both tactical officers and their romantic partners. Using elements of attachment theory, symbolic interactionism, and components comprising the spirit of grounded theory, four primary themes with supporting subthemes were discovered: (1) communication, a key component of successful relationships; (2) isolation, particularly from socializing with those outside policing or tactical policing; (3) job related stress, where participants indicated more stress with tactical duties; and (4) tactical team as family and trust where participants indicated that personal support among team members was essential to building the mutual trust needed for the dangers of tactical policing. These themes indicated important findings including better communication between couples who had a romantic partner working in a criminal justice related field and discovery of stressors unique to tactical policing including increased job-related stress pertaining to the higher physical, moral and intellectual standards needed for tactical policing. Participant-based advice and recommendations for more tailored support services for tactical officers and their families were also developed from the findings of phase II and included a need for family notification systems and creation of family-oriented trainings. Relationships between the phases highlighted unique aspects of police subculture within tactical policing and its effects on the personal and occupational lives of tactical officers.

Published
2016
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4. Tactical Police Officers, Romantic Attachment and Job-Related Stress: A Mixed-Methods Study

Author

Fagan, Natalie

Subjects
Tactical Police Officers, Romantic Attachment, Job-Related Stress, Kentucky, Attachment Theory, Symbolic Interactionism, Criminology and Criminal Justice, Family, Life Course, and Society, Law Enforcement and Corrections, Other Sociology, Sociology
Abstract

Stressors stemming from tactical policing such as social isolation and increased work responsibilities often spill over into the home and affect personal relationships. Using attachment theory as the guiding framework, this mixed methods study aimed to obtain a better understanding of the factors involved in maintaining long-term relationships between tactical officers and their romantic partners. Phase I consisted of surveys administered to tactical officers in Kentucky and measured romantic partner attachment, organizational and operational police stressors. Research questions examined how operational and organizational stress correlated with attachment while controlling for demographics. Analysis indicated that holding a rank above an officer has a significant relationship to both operational and organizational stress. Influenced by the findings from phase I, phase II consisted of 30 qualitative interviews with both tactical officers and their romantic partners. Using elements of attachment theory, symbolic interactionism, and components comprising the spirit of grounded theory, four primary themes with supporting subthemes were discovered: (1) communication, a key component of successful relationships; (2) isolation, particularly from socializing with those outside policing or tactical policing; (3) job related stress, where participants indicated more stress with tactical duties; and (4) tactical team as family and trust where participants indicated that personal support among team members was essential to building the mutual trust needed for the dangers of tactical policing. These themes indicated important findings including better communication between couples who had a romantic partner working in a criminal justice related field and discovery of stressors unique to tactical policing including increased job-related stress pertaining to the higher physical, moral and intellectual standards needed for tactical policing. Participant-based advice and recommendations for more tailored support services for tactical officers and their families were also developed from the findings of phase II and included a need for family notification systems and creation of family-oriented trainings. Relationships between the phases highlighted unique aspects of police subculture within tactical policing and its effects on the personal and occupational lives of tactical officers.

Published
2015

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