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4. Revising PM2.5 emissions from residential combustion, 2005–2019

Author

Simpson, David, primary, Kuenen, Jeroen, additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Heinesen, Daniel, additional, Benedictow, Anna, additional, Denier van der Gon, Hugo, additional, Visschedijk, Antoon, additional, Klimont, Zbigniew, additional, Aas, Wenche, additional, Lin, Yong, additional, Yttri, Karl Espen, additional, and Paunu, Ville-Veikko, additional

Published
2022
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5. Reducing global air pollution : the scope for further policy interventions

Author

Amann, Markus, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Schöpp, Wolfgang, Klimont, Zbigniew, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Cofala, Janusz, Rafaj, Peter, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Gomez-Sabriana, Adriana, Heyes, Chris, Purohit, Pallav, Borken-Kleefeld, Jens, Wagner, Fabian, Sander, Robert, Fagerli, Hilde, Nyiri, Agnes, Cozzi, Laura, and Pavarini, Claudia

Published
2020

8. Recommendations and Generic Data Assimilation Tools for the Improvement of CAMS Regional Air Quality Service

Author

Timmermans, Renske, primary, Segers, Arjo, additional, Dammers, Enrico, additional, Jorba, Oriol, additional, Bowdalo, Dene, additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Valdebenito, Alvaro, additional, Colette, Augustin, additional, Descombes, Gaël, additional, Kouznetsov, Rostislav, additional, Uppstu, Andreas, additional, and Schaap, Martijn, additional

Published
2022
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10. Impact of methane and other precursor emission reductions on surface ozone in Europe: scenario analysis using the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) Meteorological Synthesizing Centre – West (MSC-W) model.

Author

van Caspel, Willem E., Klimont, Zbigniew, Heyes, Chris, and Fagerli, Hilde

Subjects
GREENHOUSE gases, PARIS Agreement (2016), GREENHOUSE gas mitigation, GLOBAL warming, METHANE
Abstract

The impacts of future methane (CH4) and other precursor emission changes are investigated for surface ozone (O3) in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) region excluding North America and Israel (the EMEP region, for European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) for the year 2050. The analysis includes a current legislation (CLE) and maximum feasible technical reduction (MFR) scenario, as well as a scenario that combines MFRs with an additional dietary shift that also meets the Paris Agreement objectives with respect to greenhouse gas emissions (LOW). For each scenario, background CH4 concentrations are calculated using a probabilistic Earth system model emulator and combined with other precursor emissions in a three-dimensional Eulerian chemistry-transport model. While focus is placed on peak season maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) O3 concentrations, a range of other indicators for health and vegetation impacts are also discussed. Our analysis shows that roughly one-third of the total peak season MDA8 reduction achieved between the 2050 CLE and MFR scenarios is attributable to CH4 reductions, resulting predominantly from CH4 emission reductions outside of the EMEP region. The impact of other precursor emission reductions is split nearly evenly between the reductions inside and outside of the EMEP region. However, the relative importance of CH4 and other precursor emission reductions is shown to depend on the choice of O3 indicator, though indicators sensitive to peak O3 show generally consistent results. The analysis also highlights the synergistic impacts of CH4 mitigation as reducing solely CH4 achieves, beyond air quality improvement, nearly two-thirds of the total global warming reduction calculated for the LOW scenario compared to the CLE case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. EURODELTA III exercise: An evaluation of air quality models’ capacity to reproduce the carbonaceous aerosol

Author

Mircea, Mihaela, Bessagnet, Bertrand, D'Isidoro, Massimo, Pirovano, Guido, Aksoyoglu, Sebnem, Ciarelli, Giancarlo, Tsyro, Svetlana, Manders, Astrid, Bieser, Johannes, Stern, Rainer, Vivanco, Marta García, Cuvelier, Cornelius, Aas, Wenche, Prévôt, André S.H., Aulinger, Armin, Briganti, Gino, Calori, Giuseppe, Cappelletti, Andrea, Colette, Augustin, Couvidat, Florian, Fagerli, Hilde, Finardi, Sandro, Kranenburg, Richard, Rouïl, Laurence, Silibello, Camillo, Spindler, Gerald, Poulain, Laurent, Herrmann, Hartmut, Jimenez, Jose L., Day, Douglas A., Tiitta, Petri, and Carbone, Samara

Published
2019
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13. Impact of methane and other precursor emission reductions on surface ozone in Europe: Scenario analysis using the EMEP MSC-W model.

Author

van Caspel, Willem E., Klimont, Zbigniew, Heyes, Chris, and Fagerli, Hilde

Abstract

The impacts of future methane (CH4) and other precursor emission changes are investigated for surface ozone (O3) in the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) region excluding North America and Israel (the "EMEP region", for European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) for the year 2050. The analysis includes a Current Legislation (CLE) 5 and Maximum Feasible Technical (MFR) reduction scenario, and a scenario that combines MFR reductions with an additional dietary shift that also meets the Paris Agreement objectives with respect to greenhouse gas emissions (LOW). For each scenario, background CH4 concentrations are calculated using a probabilistic Earth System model emulator, and combined with other precursor emissions in a three-dimensional Eulerian chemistry-transport model. While focus is placed on peak season maximum daily 8-hour average (MDA8) O3 concentrations, a range of other indicators for health and vegetation impacts are also discussed. Our analysis show that roughly one-thirds of the total peak season MDA8 reduction achieved between the 2050 CLE and MFR scenarios is attributable to CH4 reductions, resulting predominantly from CH4 emission reductions outside of the EMEP region. The impact of other precursor emission reductions is split nearly evenly between the reductions inside and outside of the EMEP region. However, the relative importance of CH4 and other precursor emission reductions is shown to depend on the choice of O3 indicator, though indicators sensitive to peak O3 show generally consistent results. The analysis also highlights the synergistic impacts of CH4 mitigation as reducing solely CH4 achieves, beyond air quality improvement, nearly two-thirds of the total global warming reduction calculated for the LOWscenario compared to the CLE case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Modelling and mapping heavy metal and nitrogen concentrations in moss in 2010 throughout Europe by applying Random Forests models

Author

Nickel, Stefan, Schröder, Winfried, Wosniok, Werner, Harmens, Harry, Frontasyeva, Marina V., Alber, Renate, Aleksiayenak, Julia, Barandovski, Lambe, Blum, Oleg, Danielsson, Helena, de Temmermann, Ludwig, Dunaev, Anatoly M., Fagerli, Hilde, Godzik, Barbara, Ilyin, Ilia, Jonkers, Sander, Jeran, Zvonka, Pihl Karlsson, Gunilla, Lazo, Pranvera, Leblond, Sebastien, Liiv, Siiri, Magnússon, Sigurður H., Mankovska, Blanka, Martínez-Abaigar, Javier, Piispanen, Juha, Poikolainen, Jarmo, Popescu, Ion V., Qarri, Flora, Radnovic, Dragan, Santamaria, Jesus Miguel, Schaap, Martijn, Skudnik, Mitja, Špirić, Zdravko, Stafilov, Trajce, Steinnes, Eiliv, Stihi, Claudia, Suchara, Ivan, Thöni, Lotti, Uggerud, Hilde Thelle, and Zechmeister, Harald G.

Published
2017
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16. Author Correction: Global and regional trends of atmospheric sulfur

Author

Aas, Wenche, Mortier, Augustin, Bowersox, Van, Cherian, Ribu, Faluvegi, Greg, Fagerli, Hilde, Hand, Jenny, Klimont, Zbigniew, Galy-Lacaux, Corinne, Lehmann, Christopher M. B., Myhre, Cathrine Lund, Myhre, Gunnar, Olivié, Dirk, Sato, Keiichi, Quaas, Johannes, Rao, P. S. P., Schulz, Michael, Shindell, Drew, Skeie, Ragnhild B., Stein, Ariel, Takemura, Toshihiko, Tsyro, Svetlana, Vet, Robert, and Xu, Xiaobin

Published
2020
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19. Linking Ammonia Emission Trends to Measured Concentrations and Deposition of Reduced Nitrogen at Different Scales

Author

Bleeker, Albert, Sutton, Mark A., Acherman, Beat, Alebic-Juretic, Ana, Aneja, Viney P., Ellermann, Thomas, Erisman, Jan Willem, Fowler, David, Fagerli, Hilde, Gauger, Thomas, Harlen, K.S., Hole, Lars Robert, Horvath, Laszlo, Mitosinkova, Marta, Smith, Ron I., Tang, Y. Sim, van Pul, Addo, Sutton, Mark A., editor, Reis, Stefan, editor, and Baker, Samantha M.H., editor

Published
2009
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23. Global and Regional Trends of Atmospheric Sulfur

Author

Aas, Wenche, Faluvegi, Greg, Bowersox, Van, Cherian, Ribu, Fagerli, Hilde, Hand, Jenny, Klimont, Zbigniew, Galy-Lacaux, Corinne, Lehmann, Christopher M. B, Myhre, Cathrine Lund, Myhre, Gunnar, Olivi, Dirk, Sato, Keiichi, Quaas, Johannes, Rao, P. S . P, Schulz, Michael, Shindell, Drew, Skeie, Ragnhild B, Stein, Ariel, Takemura, Toshihiko, Tsyro, Svetlana, Vet, Robert, and Xu, Xiaobin

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The profound changes in global SO[subscript 2] emissions over the last decades have affected atmospheric composition on a regional and global scale with large impact on air quality, atmospheric deposition and the radiative forcing of sulfate aerosols. Reproduction of historical atmospheric pollution levels based on global aerosol models and emission changes is crucial to prove that such models are able to predict future scenarios. Here, we analyze consistency of trends in observations of sulfur components in air and precipitation from major regional networks and estimates from six different global aerosol models from 1990 until 2015. There are large interregional differences in the sulfur trends consistently captured by the models and observations, especially for North America and europe. europe had the largest reductions in sulfur emissions in the first part of the period while the highest reduction came later in North America and east Asia. the uncertainties in both the emissions and the representativity of the observations are larger in Asia. However, emissions from East Asia clearly increased from 2000 to 2005 followed by a decrease, while in India a steady increase over the whole period has been observed and modelled. the agreement between a bottom-up approach, which uses emissions and process-based chemical transport models, with independent observations gives an improved confidence in the understanding of the atmospheric sulfur budget.

Published
2019
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25. Eurodelta multi-model simulated and observed particulate matter trends in Europe in the period of 1990–2010

Author

Tsyro, Svetlana, primary, Aas, Wenche, additional, Colette, Augustin, additional, Andersson, Camilla, additional, Bessagnet, Bertrand, additional, Ciarelli, Giancarlo, additional, Couvidat, Florian, additional, Cuvelier, Kees, additional, Manders, Astrid, additional, Mar, Kathleen, additional, Mircea, Mihaela, additional, Otero, Noelia, additional, Pay, Maria-Teresa, additional, Raffort, Valentin, additional, Roustan, Yelva, additional, Theobald, Mark R., additional, Vivanco, Marta G., additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Wind, Peter, additional, Briganti, Gino, additional, Cappelletti, Andrea, additional, D'Isidoro, Massimo, additional, and Adani, Mario, additional

Published
2022
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26. Revising PM2.5 emissions from residential combustion, 2005–2019 : Implications for air quality concentrations and trends

Author

Simpson, David, Kuenen, Jeroen, Fagerli, Hilde, Heinesen, Daniel, Benedictow, Anna, Denier van der Gon, Hugo, Visschedijk, Antoon, Klimont, Zbigniew, Aas, Wenche, Lin, Yong, Yttri, Karl Espen, Paunu, Ville-Veikko, Simpson, David, Kuenen, Jeroen, Fagerli, Hilde, Heinesen, Daniel, Benedictow, Anna, Denier van der Gon, Hugo, Visschedijk, Antoon, Klimont, Zbigniew, Aas, Wenche, Lin, Yong, Yttri, Karl Espen, and Paunu, Ville-Veikko

Abstract

Condensable primary organic aerosols are a class of compounds that are vapour phase at stack conditions, but which can undergo both condensation and evaporation as the stack air is cooled and diluted upon discharge into ambient air. In the current emission reporting to the Air Convention, some countries include, and some exclude such emissions in their inventories. In this study, new residential combustion emission estimates have been developed for the years 2005-2019, with improved and consistent estimation of condensable emissions. A series of modelling runs has shown that condensables can have significant effects on air quality, trends, and source-receptor relationships, but many scientific issues remain concerning their characteristics. However, these new emissions provide the best available basis for future improvements in both the emission inventories and model formulations.

Published
2022
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28. WMO Air Quality and Climate Bulletin No. 2

Author

Andrews, Elisabeth, Bell, Michael, Brümmer, Christian, Coen, Martine Collaud, Cooper, Owen R., Cromar, Kevin, Fagerli, Hilde, Flemming, Johannes, Klenner, Laura Gallardo, Gladson, Laura, Knowland, Emma, Munoz-Alpizar, Rodrigo, Parrington, Mark, Pavlovic, Radenko, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Scheuschner, Thomas, Jianlin Shen, Sokhi, Ranjeet S., Targino, Ad Créso, Turnock, Steven, and Walker, John

Published
2022
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29. First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses

Author

Schröder, Winfried, Holy, Marcel, Pesch, Roland, Harmens, Harry, Fagerli, Hilde, Alber, Renate, Coşkun, Mahmut, De Temmerman, Ludwig, Frolova, Marina, González-Miqueo, Laura, Jeran, Zvonka, Kubin, Eero, Leblond, Sébastien, Liiv, Siiri, Maňkovská, Blanka, Piispanen, Juha, Santamaría, Jesús M., Simonèiè, Primož, Suchara, Ivan, Yurukova, Lilyana, Thöni, Lotti, and Zechmeister, Harald G.

Published
2010
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32. Eurodelta multi-model simulated and observed PM trends in Europe in the period of 1990–2010

Author

Tsyro, Svetlana, primary, Aas, Wenche, additional, Colette, Augustin, additional, Andersson, Camilla, additional, Bessagnet, Bertrand, additional, Ciarelli, Giancarlo, additional, Couvidat, Florian, additional, Cuvelier, Kees, additional, Manders, Astrid, additional, Mar, Kathleen, additional, Mircea, Mihaela, additional, Otero, Noelia, additional, Pay, Maria-Teresa, additional, Raffort, Valentin, additional, Roustan, Yelva, additional, Theobald, Mark R., additional, Vivanco, Marta G., additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Wind, Peter, additional, Briganti, Gino, additional, Cappelletti, Andrea, additional, D'Isidoro, Massimo, additional, and Adani, Mario, additional

Published
2021
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34. Good Agreement Between Modeled and Measured Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition in Europe, in Spite of Marked Differences in Some Sites

Author

Marchetto, Aldo, primary, Simpson, David, additional, Aas, Wenche, additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Hansen, Karin, additional, Pihl-Karlsson, Gunilla, additional, Karlsson, Per Erik, additional, Rogora, Michela, additional, Sanders, Tanja G. M., additional, Schmitz, Andreas, additional, Seidling, Walter, additional, Thimonier, Anne, additional, Tsyro, Svetlana, additional, de Vries, Wim, additional, and Waldner, Peter, additional

Published
2021
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42. Good Agreement Between Modeled and Measured Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition in Europe, in Spite of Marked Differences in Some Sites

Author

Marchetto, Aldo, Simpson, David, Aas, Wenche, Fagerli, Hilde, Hansen, Karin, Pihl-Karlsson, Gunilla, Karlsson, Per Erik, Rogora, Michela, Sanders, Tanja G.M., Schmitz, Andreas, Seidling, Walter, Thimonier, Anne, Tsyro, Svetlana, de Vries, Wim, Waldner, Peter, Marchetto, Aldo, Simpson, David, Aas, Wenche, Fagerli, Hilde, Hansen, Karin, Pihl-Karlsson, Gunilla, Karlsson, Per Erik, Rogora, Michela, Sanders, Tanja G.M., Schmitz, Andreas, Seidling, Walter, Thimonier, Anne, Tsyro, Svetlana, de Vries, Wim, and Waldner, Peter

Abstract

Atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition is an important effect of atmospheric pollution and may affect forest ecosystems positively, for example enhancing tree growth, or negatively, for example causing acidification, eutrophication, cation depletion in soil or nutritional imbalances in trees. To assess and design measures to reduce the negative impacts of deposition, a good estimate of the deposition amount is needed, either by direct measurement or by modeling. In order to evaluate the precision of both approaches and to identify possible improvements, we compared the deposition estimates obtained using an Eulerian model with the measurements performed by two large independent networks covering most of Europe. The results are in good agreement (bias <25%) for sulfate and nitrate open field deposition, while larger differences are more evident for ammonium deposition, likely due to the greater influence of local ammonia sources. Modeled sulfur total deposition compares well with throughfall deposition measured in forest plots, while the estimate of nitrogen deposition is affected by the tree canopy. The geographical distribution of pollutant deposition and of outlier sites where model and measurements show larger differences are discussed.

Published
2021

43. Atmospheric transport and deposition of reactive nitrogen in Europe

Author

Simpson, David, primary, Aas, Wenche, additional, Bartnicki, Jerzy, additional, Berge, Haldis, additional, Bleeker, Albert, additional, Cuvelier, Kees, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Dore, Tony, additional, Erisman, Jan Willem, additional, Fagerli, Hilde, additional, Flechard, Chris, additional, Hertel, Ole, additional, van Jaarsveld, Hans, additional, Jenkin, Mike, additional, Schaap, Martijn, additional, Semeena, Valiyaveetil Shamsudheen, additional, Thunis, Philippe, additional, Vautard, Robert, additional, and Vieno, Massimo, additional

Published
2011
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50. The operational eEMEP model version 10.4 for volcanic SO2 and ash forecasting

Author

Steensen, Birthe M., Schulz, Michael, Wind, Peter, Valdebenito, Álvaro M., and Fagerli, Hilde

Subjects
lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QE1-996.5
Abstract

This paper presents a new version of the EMEP MSC-W model called eEMEP developed for transportation and dispersion of volcanic emissions, both gases and ash. EMEP MSC-W is usually applied to study problems with air pollution and aerosol transport and requires some adaptation to treat volcanic eruption sources and effluent dispersion. The operational set-up of model simulations in case of a volcanic eruption is described. Important choices have to be made to achieve CPU efficiency so that emergency situations can be tackled in time, answering relevant questions of ash advisory authorities. An efficient model needs to balance the complexity of the model and resolution. We have investigated here a meteorological uncertainty component of the volcanic cloud forecast by using a consistent ensemble meteorological dataset (GLAMEPS forecast) at three resolutions for the case of SO2 emissions from the 2014 Barðarbunga eruption. The low resolution (40 × 40 km) ensemble members show larger agreement in plume position and intensity, suggesting that the ensemble here does not give much added value. To compare the dispersion at different resolutions, we compute the area where the column load of the volcanic tracer, here SO2, is above a certain threshold, varied for testing purposes between 0.25 and 50 Dobson units. The increased numerical diffusion causes a larger area (+34 %) to be covered by the volcanic tracer in the low resolution simulations than in the high resolution ones. The higher resolution (10 × 10 km) ensemble members show higher column loads farther away from the volcanic eruption site in narrower clouds. Cloud positions are more varied between the high resolution members, and the cloud forms resemble the observed clouds more than the low resolution ones. For a volcanic emergency case this means that to obtain quickly results of the transport of volcanic emissions, an individual simulation with our low resolution is sufficient; however, to forecast peak concentrations with more certainty for forecast or scientific analysis purposes, a finer resolution is needed. The model is further developed to simulate ash from highly explosive eruptions. A possibility of increasing the number of vertical layers, achieving finer vertical resolution, as well as a higher model top, is included in the eEMEP version. Ash size distributions may be altered for different volcanic eruptions and assumptions. Since ash particles are larger than typical particles in the standard model, gravitational settling across all vertical layers is included. We attempt finally a specific validation of the simulation of ash and its vertical distribution. Model simulations with and without gravitational settling for the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption are compared to lidar observations over central Europe. The results show that with gravitation the centre of the ash mass can be 1 km lower over central Europe than without gravitation. However, the height variations in the ash layer caused by real weather situations are not captured perfectly well by either of the two simulations, playing down the role of gravitation parameterization imperfections. Both model simulations have on average an ash centre of mass below the observed values. Correlations between the observed and corresponding model centres of mass are higher for the model simulation with gravitational settling for four of the six stations studied here. The inclusion of gravitational settling is suggested to be required for a volcanic ash model.

Published
2017

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