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The article considers the right to fair pay in the context of socio-economic rights. International legal acts on the existence of provisions on fair remuneration are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that fair pay is part of the block of socio-economic rights, which are characterized by a significant number of valuation concepts. It is noted that wages are the most important social standard for society, while the social standard means scientifically sound and socially recognized levels of material, spiritual and social needs, the state of social processes necessary for the proper functioning and development of society.Emphasis is placed on the fact that despite the fact that there is a whole package of international legal documents that describe and normatively establish the general principles and conditions of formation, functioning and development of the welfare state, none of these acts has an unambiguous interpretation of what specifically in terms of the quality and quantity of social benefits provided by the state, the criterion of «fair wages ensures a decent standard of living» is met.It is noted that a serious problem in determining the «fair wage» is the weak development of models for deter-mining the level of human needs, as well as absolute independence, dependence of wage standards on other social norms established by the state.It is concluded that at the present stage of development of the market economy in Ukraine the priority tasks are the restoration and expanded reproduction of human potential; restoration of economic growth as a basis for increasing the welfare of workers; formation of a high-tech national reproductive system and a corresponding modern structure of high-quality labor force; overcoming the relations of alienation and exploitation, including through a significant increase in wages and the development of various systems of employee participation in profits and incomes; formation of cooperation mechanisms for development at both macro and micro levels. This requires the development and implementation of a national program to improve the quality and dignity of work, one of the most important parts of which is the institution of wages., У статті розглядається право на справедливу оплату праці в контексті соціально-економічних прав. Аналізуються міжнародно-правові акти щодо наявності в них положень про справедливу оплату праці. Робиться акцент на тому, що справедлива оплата праці входить до блоку соціально-економічних прав, які характеризуються значною кількістю оціночних понять. Зазначено, що оплата праці є найбільш важливим для суспільства соціальним нормативом, при цьому під соціальним нормативом розуміється науково обґрунтовані і суспільно визнані рівні задоволення матеріальних, духовних і соціальних потреб, стан соціальних процесів, яке необхідно для нормального функціонування і розвитку суспільства.Зроблено акцент на тому, що незважаючи на те, що існує цілий пакет міжнародно-правових документів, які описують і нормативно закріплюють загальні принципи і умови становлення, функціонування і розвитку соціальної держави, ні в одному з такого роду актів немає однозначного трактування того, яким конкретно за якістю і кількістю наданих державою соціальних благ відповідає критерій «справедливої оплати праці забезпечує гідного рівня життя».Зазначено, що серйозною проблемою визначення «справедливої оплати праці», є слабка розробленість моделей визначення рівня потреб людини, а також абсолютна несамостійність, залежність стандартів оплати праці від інших встановлених державою соціальних нормативів.Зроблено висновок, що на сучасному етапі розвитку ринкової економіки в Україні першорядними завданнями є відновлення і розширене відтворення людського потенціалу; відновлення економічногo зростання в якості основи збільшення добробуту працівників; формування високотехнологічної національної відтворювальної системи і відповідної їй сучасної структури робочої сили високої якості; подолання відносин відчуження і експлуатації, в тому числі і за допомогою суттєвого зростання заробітної плати і розвитку всіляких систем участі працівників у прибутках і доходах; формування механізмів співпраці з метою розвитку як на макро-, так і на мікрорівні. Для цього необхідна розробка і реалізація загальнонаціональної програми підвищення якості та гідності праці, одним з найважливіших ланок якої є інститут заробітної плати.

Using detailed administrative data that link French firms and workers over the years 2002 to 2007, the authors document declines in worker-level wages ahead of the time their employer is acquired by a foreign firm that are more than offset by gains in wages that emerge after cross-border acquisition. Specifically, relative wages fall by an estimated 7.5% in the years just before foreign acquisition, and they rise by approximately 12.5% in the years afterward. Changes in workers’ earnings are evident in both wages and in-kind payments given to workers. Moreover, the authors provide theoretical foundations for the conditional mean independence assumption that underlies commonly applied empirical techniques.

We introduce “fair” wages in a general-equilibrium model where worker’s effort is unobservable and investigate whether such a mechanism can quantitatively account for the degree of real wage rigidity in the Bulgarian labor markets, as documented in Lozev, Vladova, and Paskaleva (2011) and Paskaleva (2016). In contrast to Danthine and Kurmann (2004), we internalize the effect that past wages have on the current effort level. We calibrate the model to Bulgarian data (1999-2016), and quantify the effect of technological shocks on hours and wages in the theoretical setup. Overall, the calibrated model with “fair” wages performs poorly when it comes to the relative volatilities of labor market variables. This is because aggregate labor market conditions, as proxied by the employment rate and past aggregate wages, turn out not to be quantitatively important for business cycles in Bulgaria.

Jan Cremers (UvT) contributed to the magazine Gute Arbeit (in German), published by BUND-Verlag. Together with co-author Birgit Krämer, he discusses the plans of the European Commission to introduce a European Labour Authority. They reflect on the possible contribution of such a body in checking respect for and compliance with labour legislation and conventional standards.

Jan Cremers (UvT) contributed to the magazine Gute Arbeit (in German), published by BUND-Verlag. Together with co-author Birgit Krämer, he discusses the plans of the European Commission to introduce a European Labour Authority. They reflect on the possible contribution of such a body in checking respect for and compliance with labour legislation and conventional standards.

The purpose of this note is to describe the lottery- and insurance-market equilibrium in an economy with non-convex labor supply decision, unobservable effort, and incentive ("fair") wages. The presence of indivisible labor creates a market incompleteness, which requires that an insurance market for employment be put in operation to "complete" the market.

The purpose of this note is to explore the problem of a non-convex labor supply decision in an economy with unobservable e_ort and incentive ("fair") wages a la Danthine and Kurmann (2004), and explicitly perform the aggregation presented there without a formal proof, and thus provide - starting from micro-foundations - the derivation of the expected utility functions used for the aggregate household. We show how lotteries as in Rogerson (1988) can be used to convexify consumption sets, and aggregate over individual preferences. With a discrete labor supply decisions, the elasticity of aggregate labor supply becomes a function of effort

Jan Cremers (UvT) contributed to the magazine Gute Arbeit (in German), published by BUND-Verlag. Together with co-author Birgit Krämer, he discusses the plans of the European Commission to introduce a European Labour Authority. They reflect on the possible contribution of such a body in checking respect for and compliance with labour legislation and conventional standards.

In 1960s-1980s Japan enjoyed high economic growth. In the early 1990s, however, the growth rate drastically declined and thereafter Japan has been suffering secular stagnation. This paper proposes a dynamic macroeconomic model that can consistently explain such a drastic change in economic performance. Wealth preference plays an important role. In the early stage consumption grows at the same pace as productivity increases. Once consumption reaches a certain level, however, it deviates from the full-employment level and aggregate demand deficiency appears. After that the economic growth rate asymptotically approaches zero even if productivity keeps on increasing, and secular stagnation arises.

Витебский государственный университет имени П. М. Машерова. Ученые записки УО "ВГУ им. П. М. Машерова" : сб. науч. тр. - Витебск : ВГУ имени П. М. Машерова, 2018. - Т. 26. - С. 59-65. - Бібліягр.: с. 65 (25 назв.)., Мэта даследавання – выяўленне прычын вытокаў прафсаюзнага руху на Віцебшчыне ў кантэксце іншых тэрыторый Паўночна-Заходняга краю, адзнака дзейнасці яго структур у забеспячэнні абароны работнікаў наёмнай працы на дакастрычніцкім этапе свайго існавання. = The purpose of the research is to reveal reasons of the sources of trade union movement in Vitebsk Province in the context of other territories of the North-Eastern Region, evaluation of its branches’ activities in providing protection of employees on the pre-October stage of its existence.

The purpose of this note is to explore the problem of a non-convex labor supply decision in an economy with unobservable e ort and incentive ("fair") wages a la Danthine and Kurmann (2004), and explicitly perform the aggregation presented there without a formal proof, and thus provide - starting from micro-foundations - the derivation of the expected utility functions used for the aggregate household. We show how lotteries as in Rogerson (1988) can be used to convexify consumption sets, and aggregate over individual preferences. With a discrete labor supply decisions, the elasticity of aggregate labor supply becomes a function of effort.

The purpose of this note is to describe the lottery- and insurance-market equilibrium in an economy with non-convex labor supply decision, unobservable effort, and incentive ("fair") wages. The presence of indivisible labor creates a market incompleteness, which requires that an insurance market for employment be put in operation to "complete" the market.

We introduce "fair" wages in a general-equilibrium model where worker's effort is unobservable and investigate whether such a mechanism can quantitatively account for the degree of real wage rigidity in the Bulgarian labor markets, as documented in Lozev, Vladova, and Paskaleva (2011) and Paskaleva (2016). In contrast to Danthine and Kurmann (2004), here we internalize the effect that past wages have on current effort level. We calibrate the model to Bulgarian data (1999-2016), and quantify the effect of technological shocks on hours and wages in the theoretical setup. Overall, the calibrated model with "fair" wages performs poorly when it comes to the relative volatilities of labor market variables. This is because aggregate labor market conditions, as proxied by the employment rate and past aggregate wages, turn out not to be quantitatively important for business cycles in Bulgaria.

Мэта даследавання – выяўленне прычын вытокаў прафсаюзнага руху на Віцебшчыне ў кантэксце іншых тэрыторый Паўночна-Заходняга краю, адзнака дзейнасці яго структур у забеспячэнні абароны работнікаў наёмнай працы на дакастрычніцкім этапе свайго існавання. = The purpose of the research is to reveal reasons of the sources of trade union movement in Vitebsk Province in the context of other territories of the North-Eastern Region, evaluation of its branches’ activities in providing protection of employees on the pre-October stage of its existence.

Abstract: Fairness considerations are introduced into the determination of wages in a two factor Pissarides-style model of search unemployment to study its implications for the unemployment rates of unskilled and skilled workers in both the closed economy case and when the economy can offshore some inputs. Both fairness concerns and offshoring of jobs done by unskilled workers create the overhiring effect for skilled workers. An increase in the concern for fairness in the closed economy increases the cost of hiring unskilled workers and increases the unemployment rates of both types of workers; however, wage inequality decreases. In the open economy case, an increase in the concern for fairness leads to greater offshoring which prevents skilled unemployment from increasing, but the unemployment of unskilled workers increases. A reduction in the cost of offshoring also increases offshoring and increases the unemployment of unskilled workers, but has a positive effect on skilled workers. Due to the presence of an overhiring effect in the hiring of skilled workers for both offshoring and non-offshoring firms, skilled workers experience higher wages and lower unemployment. The opposite movements in skilled and unskilled unemployment render the net effect ambiguous. Even though wage inequality increases, the impact on the wages of unskilled workers is ambiguous.

This article studies the long-term relationship between labor productivity growth and unemployment. Measures of co-movements in the frequency domain indicate that the relationship is strongly negative for the seven countries studied : United States, Canada, Japan, United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. We show this empirical relationship to be consistent with an efficiency wage model., Cet article est consacré à la relation de long terme entre le taux de croissance de la productivité du travail et le taux de chômage. L’application de différentes mesures des comouvements dans le domaine des fréquences montre que cette relation est fortement négative pour tous les pays étudiés (Etats-Unis, Canada, Japon, Grande-Bretagne, France, Italie, Allemagne). Une explication théorique de cette relation, fondée sur le salaire d’efficience, est proposée., Tripier Fabien. Croissance et chômage à long terme. In: Économie & prévision, n°189, 2009-3. pp. 57-74.

This paper proposes an explanation for observed differences in the business cycle volatility of employment and unemployment across a sample of OECD countries. Using an incomplete markets variant of the fair wage real business cycle model, increases in the gross replacement rate of public unemployment insurance are shown to increase the volatility of employment, and decrease the volatility of real wages, ceteris paribus. For a sample of 14 OECD countries over the period 1985-2005, the gross replacement rate is found to be positively correlated with the business cycle volatility of hours worked, lending support to the argument. A secondary contribution, which may be of some use in the incomplete markets literature, is the simple manner in which unemployment is endogenised in the model.

Rad je posvećen odnosu pravednosti i hrvatskoga zakonodavstva kroz prizmu koncepta pravedne plaće. Cilj je problematizirati odnos između (društvene) pravednosti kao načela i pravne regulative kao prakse kroz njihov uzajamni odnos prema plaći kao plodu ljudskoga rada. Pravednost se povezuje s plaćom (dinamičko načelo pravednosti) i zakonskom regulativom jer se čini da je glede radnika i pravedne plaćena na snazi zakonodavstvo koje ne želi u punoj mjeri uz gospodarski rast očuvati i socijalnu jednakost., The paper deals with the relation between justice and Croatian legislation as seen through the prism of the fair wage concept. It aims at problematizing the interconnection between (social) justice as a principle and regulations as practice through their relationship to wages as the fruit of human labour. We make the connection between justice and wages (dynamic justice principle) and justice and legislation because, when it comes to workers and fair wages, we are being faced with legislation that is not as willing to fully preserve social equality as it is willing to preserve economic growth.

This paper formulates a model of economic growth to study the effects of broad capital taxation (of profits dividends and capital gains) on macroeconomic outcomes. A frame work of exogenous growth permits modeling countries in transition to a country specific steady state and to discern steady state and transitory effects of shocks on economic outcomes. The chosen framework is amenable to structural estimation and given the parsimony in terms of unknown parameters fits data on 79 countries over the period 1996 2011 extraordinarily well. A quantitative exercise shows that capital tax reductions induce positive effects on output and the capital stock (per unit of effective labor) that are economically significant and are accommodated within time windows of 5 years with out much further economic response after that. The effects are strongest for corporate profit tax rates and weaker for dividend and capital gains taxes. From a welfare per spective reducing capital taxes would be beneficial for some countries (e.g. Germany) but not for others (e.g. the United States).

This paper sets up a general equilibrium model, in which firms are heterogeneous due to productivity differences and workers have fairness preferences and hence provide full effort only if their factor return is sufficiently high. With the wage considered to be fair by workers depending on the operating profits of the firm in which they are employed, more productive firms in this setting are not only larger and make higher profits but they also have to pay higher wages due to rent-sharing. This mechanism leads to wage differentiation even if all workers share the same individual characteristics. We use this framework to study worker-specific effects of trade between two symmetric countries. Exporters in this setting make higher operating profits and hence have to pay higher wages than non-exporters. This exporter wage premium provides a source for losses from trade and, all other things equal, makes a negative employment effect of trade more likely. Furthermore, it contributes significantly to a general increase in intra-group income inequality among production workers when a country moves from autarky to trade.

In this paper, we introduce two sources of unemployment in a two-factor general equilibrium model: search frictions and fairness considerations. We find that a binding fair-wage constraint increases the unskilled unemployment rate and can at the same time lead to a higher unemployment rate for skilled workers, as compared to an equilibrium where fairness considerations are absent or non-binding. Starting from a constrained equilibrium, an increase in the fairness parameter leads to increases in both skilled and unskilled unemployment. The wage of unskilled workers increases but the wage of skilled workers decreases. Next we allow for offshoring of unskilled jobs in our model, and we find that, as a result, it becomes more likely that the fair-wage constraint binds. Offshoring of unskilled jobs always leads to an increase in skilled wage, a decrease in skilled unemployment and an increase in unskilled unemployment. The presence of fairness considerations increases the adverse impact of offshoring on unskilled unemployment. The unskilled wage can increase or decrease as a result of offshoring.