4 results on '"Fakai Mi"'
Search Results
2. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals mechanism of light intensity modulating iridoid biosynthesis in Gentiana macrophylla Pall.
- Author
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Huanhuan Fu, Yaomin Wang, Fakai Mi, Li Wang, Ye Yang, Fang Wang, Zhenggang Yue, and Yihan He
- Subjects
Gentiana macrophylla Pall. ,Transcriptome analysis ,Metabolome analysis ,Light intensity ,Iridoid biosynthesis ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Light intensity is a key factor affecting the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. However, the response mechanisms of metabolites and genes in Gentiana macrophylla under different light intensities have not been determined. In the present study, G. macrophylla seedlings were treated with LED light intensities of 15 µmol/m2/s (low light, LL), 90 µmol/m2/s (medium light, ML), and 200 µmol/m2/s (high light, HL), and leaves were collected on the 5th day for further investigation. A total of 2162 metabolites were detected, in which, the most abundant metabolites were identified as flavonoids, carbohydrates, terpenoids and amino acids. A total of 3313 and 613 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the LL and HL groups compared with the ML group, respectively, mainly enriched in KEGG pathways such as carotenoid biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, amino acids biosynthesis, plant MAPK pathway and plant hormone signaling. Besides, the transcription factors of GmMYB5 and GmbHLH20 were determined to be significantly correlated with loganic acid biosynthesis; the expression of photosystem-related enzyme genes was altered under different light intensities, regulating the expression of enzyme genes involved in the carotenoid, chlorophyll, glycolysis and amino acids pathway, then affecting their metabolic biosynthesis. As a result, low light inhibited photosynthesis, delayed glycolysis, thus, increased certain amino acids and decreased loganic acid production, while high light got an opposite trend. Our research contributed significantly to understand the molecular mechanism of light intensity in controlling metabolic accumulation in G. macrophylla.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Genomic characterization of WRKY transcription factors related to secoiridoid biosynthesis in Gentiana macrophylla
- Author
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Yangyang Yin, Huanhuan Fu, Fakai Mi, Ye Yang, Yaomin Wang, Zhe Li, Yihan He, and Zhenggang Yue
- Subjects
Gentiana macrophylla ,WRKY transcription factors ,Secoiridoid biosynthesis ,Correlation analysis ,Methyl jasmonate treatment ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Gentiana macrophylla is one of Chinese herbal medicines in which 4 kinds of iridoids or secoiridoids, such as loganic acid, sweroside, swertiamarin, and gentiopicroside, are identified as the dominant medicinal secondary metabolites. WRKY, as a large family of transcription factors (TFs), plays an important role in the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. Therefore, WRKY genes involved in the biosynthesis of secoiridoids in G. macrophylla were systematically studied. First, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was performed, and 42 GmWRKY genes were identified, which were unevenly distributed in 12 chromosomes. Accordingly, gene structure, collinearity, sequence alignment, phylogenetic, conserved motif and promoter analyses were performed, and the GmWRKY proteins were divided into three subfamilies based on phylogenetic and multiple sequence alignment analyses. Moreover, the enzyme-encoding genes of the secoiridoid biosynthesis pathway and their promoters were then analysed, and the contents of the four secoiridoids were determined in different tissues. Accordingly, correlation analysis was performed using Pearson′s correlation coefficient to construct WRKY gene-enzyme-encoding genes and WRKY gene–metabolite networks. Meanwhile, G. macrophylla seedlings were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to detect the dynamic change trend of GmWRKYs, biosynthetic genes, and medicinal ingredient accumulation. Thus, a total of 12 GmWRKYs were identified to be involved in the biosynthesis of secoiridoids, of which 8 (GmWRKY1, 6, 12, 17, 33, 34, 38 and 39) were found to regulate the synthesis of gentiopicroside, and 4 (GmWRKY7, 14, 26 and 41) were found to regulate the synthesis of loganic acid. Taken together, this study systematically identified WRKY transcription factors related to the biosynthesis of secoiridoids in G. macrophylla, which could be used as a cue for further investigation of WRKY gene functions in secondary metabolite accumulation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Induction of apoptosis by chalepin through phosphatidylserine externalisations and DNA fragmentation in breast cancer cells (MCF7).
- Author
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Fakai MI, Abd Malek SN, and Karsani SA
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Humans, MCF-7 Cells drug effects, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial drug effects, Phosphatidylserines metabolism, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Up-Regulation drug effects, Apoptosis drug effects, DNA Fragmentation drug effects, Furocoumarins pharmacology
- Abstract
Aims: Chalepin, a naturally occurring compound isolated from Ruta angustifolia have been shown to exert a promising anticancer activity through various mechanisms. Hence, the need to investigate the apoptotic inducing ability of chalepin in MCF7 cells by various detection assays., Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity screening of chalepin against MCF7 cells was conducted using SRB assay. Apoptosis induction was examined by established morphological and biochemical assays including phase contrast and Hoechst/PI staining fluorescence microscope. Similarly, Annexin-V/FITC and TUNEL assays were conducted using flow cytometry whereas caspase-3 activity was evaluated using microplate reader., Key Findings: The result indicates remarkable cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cells, whereas it shows moderate cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB231 cells. Interestingly, chalepin did not present any toxicity against MRC5 normal cell line. Morphological examination using both phase contrast and fluorescence microscope displays typical apoptotic features such as membrane blebbing, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies' formation following chalepin treatment against MCF7 cells at different concentration for 48 h. Apoptosis induction is significantly associated with externalisation of phosphatidylserine, and DNA fragmentation in MCF7 cells chalepin treated cells when compared with control. The protein expressions of caspase-8, 9 and cleaved PARP1 were upregulated which correlated well with increased caspase-3 activity., Significance: From our recent findings, chalepin was able to induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells and therefore, could be evaluated further as a potential source of anticancer agent for cancer treatment such as breast cancer., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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