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The paper argues that while Africa's contribution of greenhouse gas emissions is low compared to the rest of the world, Africa can seek mutually beneficial outcomes by linking decarbonization with its future development trajectory and economic diversification needs. This paper explores the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) in South Africa as a model for facilitating large-scale energy transitions that not only transform the energy sector in South Africa, but also deliver positive socio-economic outcomes. This paper also looks at the implications of such partnerships for oil- and gas-producing countries. This paper's primary thesis is that diversifying African economies is a definite pathway to reducing climate risks and building new types of climate-aligned infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Countries must develop their capacity to credibly revise their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) proportionate to the global climate goal. This paper argues that long-lasting capacity is necessarily embedded in the institutions governing cooperation between state and non-state actors. This institutional capacity for cooperation is determined by the two interactive processes of conception and calibration, where the state plays a definitive role in mediating between competing interests. In conception, the state uses its discretionary power to set the long-term vision, whereas during calibration it exercises flexibility to accommodate concerns and capacity of other actors. We conclude that proportionality of policy response is better understood, and achieved, through the convergence of both these processes. Drawing on climate policy experiences of India and South Africa, we recommend that successful implementation and enhancement of NDCs would require a greater emphasis on capacity building for calibration in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes the research and license agreement between the National Botanical Institute in South Africa and the Ball Horticultural Company. Features of the agreement; Benefit-sharing mechanism of the agreement; Controversies over the agreement; Lessons learned from the agreement. INSETS: GOVERNMENT'S RESPONSE TO 'FLORAL HERITAGE SOLD TO U.S. COMPANY;NBI BOARD'S SAY ON THE CONTROVERSY, by Prins Nevhutalu;FACILITATING ACCESS AND SHARING BENEFITS-THE..., by Roger Jaques.