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6,822 results on '"Falini, A."'

1. Budget impact analysis of introducing digital breast tomosynthesis in breast cancer screening in Italy

Author

Djuric, Olivera, Deandrea, Silvia, Mantellini, Paola, Sardanelli, Francesco, Venturelli, Francesco, Montemezzi, Stefania, Vecchio, Riccardo, Bucchi, Lauro, Senore, Carlo, Giordano, Livia, Paci, Eugenio, Bonifacino, Adriana, Calabrese, Massimo, Caumo, Francesca, Degrassi, Flori, Sassoli de’ Bianchi, Priscilla, Battisti, Francesca, Zappa, Marco, Pattacini, Pierpaolo, Campari, Cinzia, Nitrosi, Andrea, Di Leo, Giovanni, Frigerio, Alfonso, Magni, Veronica, Fornasa, Francesca, Romanucci, Giovanna, Falini, Patrizia, Auzzi, Noemi, Armaroli, Paola, and Giorgi Rossi, Paolo

Published
2024
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2. Empirical Density Estimation based on Spline Quasi-Interpolation with applications to Copulas clustering modeling

Author

Tamborrino, Cristiano, Falini, Antonella, and Mazzia, Francesca

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

Density estimation is a fundamental technique employed in various fields to model and to understand the underlying distribution of data. The primary objective of density estimation is to estimate the probability density function of a random variable. This process is particularly valuable when dealing with univariate or multivariate data and is essential for tasks such as clustering, anomaly detection, and generative modeling. In this paper we propose the mono-variate approximation of the density using spline quasi interpolation and we applied it in the context of clustering modeling. The clustering technique used is based on the construction of suitable multivariate distributions which rely on the estimation of the monovariate empirical densities (marginals). Such an approximation is achieved by using the proposed spline quasi-interpolation, while the joint distributions to model the sought clustering partition is constructed with the use of copulas functions. In particular, since copulas can capture the dependence between the features of the data independently from the marginal distributions, a finite mixture copula model is proposed. The presented algorithm is validated on artificial and real datasets.

Published
2024

3. Organizational impact of systemic implementation of digital breast tomosynthesis as a primary test for breast cancer screening in Italy

Author

Djuric, Olivera, Deandrea, Silvia, Mantellini, Paola, Sardanelli, Francesco, Venturelli, Francesco, Montemezzi, Stefania, Vecchio, Riccardo, Bucchi, Lauro, Senore, Carlo, Giordano, Livia, Paci, Eugenio, Bonifacino, Adriana, Calabrese, Massimo, Caumo, Francesca, Degrassi, Flori, Sassoli de’ Bianchi, Priscilla, Battisti, Francesca, Zappa, Marco, Pattacini, Pierpaolo, Campari, Cinzia, Nitrosi, Andrea, Di Leo, Giovanni, Frigerio, Alfonso, Magni, Veronica, Fornasa, Francesca, Romanucci, Giovanna, Falini, Patrizia, Auzzi, Noemi, Armaroli, Paola, and Giorgi Rossi, Paolo

Published
2024
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5. Mutant NPM1 marginally impacts ribosome footprint in acute myeloid leukemia cells

Author

Lorenzo Brunetti, Giulia Pianigiani, Michael C. Gundry, Margaret A. Goodell, and Brunangelo Falini

Subjects
acute leukemia, cell biology, transcription, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Abstract Background NPM1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most frequent AML subtype. As wild‐type NPM1 is known to orchestrate ribosome biogenesis, it has been hypothesized that altered translation may contribute to leukemogenesis and leukemia maintenance in NPM1‐mutated AML. However, this hypothesis has never been investigated. We reasoned that if mutant NPM1 (NPM1c) directly impacts translation in leukemic cells, loss of NPM1c would result in acute changes in the ribosome footprint. Methods Here, we performed ribosome footprint profiling (Ribo‐seq) and bulk messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing in two NPM1‐mutated cell lines engineered to express endogenous NPM1c fused to the FKBP (F36V) degron tag (degron cells). Results and discussion Incubation of degron cells with the small compound dTAG‐13 enables highly specific degradation of NPM1c within 4 hours. As expected, RNA‐sequencing data showed early loss of homeobox gene expression following NPM1c degradation, confirming the reliability of our model. In contrast, Ribo‐seq data showed negligible changes in the ribosome footprint in both cell lines, implying that the presence of NPM1c does not influence ribosome abundance and positioning on mRNA. While it is predictable that NPM1c exerts its leukemogenic activity at multiple levels, ribosome footprint does not seem influenced by the presence of mutant NPM1.

Published
2024
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6. Hairy cell leukemia variant and WHO classification correspondence Re: 5th edition WHO classification haematolymphoid tumors: lymphoid neoplasms

Author

Grever, Michael, Andritsos, Leslie, Anghelina, Mirela, Arons, Evgeny, Banerji, Versha, Barrientos, Jacqueline, Bhat, Seema A., Blachly, James, Broccoli, Alessandro, Call, Timothy, Dearden, Claire, Dietrich, Sascha, Else, Monica, Epperla, Narendranath, Fagarasanu, Andrei, Falini, Brunangelo, Forconi, Francesco, Gozzetti, Alessandro, Hampel, Paul, Hermel, David J., Iyengar, Sunil, Johnston, James B., Juliusson, Gunnar, Kreitman, Robert J., Lauria, Francesco, Lozanski, Gerard, Oakes, Christopher C., Parikh, Sameer A., Park, Jae, Quest, Graeme, Rai, Kanti, Ravandi, Farhad, Robak, Tadeusz, Rogers, Kerry A., Saven, Alan, Seymour, John F., Tadmor, Tamar, Tallman, Martin S., Tam, Constantine S., Tiacci, Enrico, Troussard, Xavier, Wörmann, Bernhard, Zent, Clive S., Zenz, Thorsten, and Zinzani, Pier Luigi

Published
2024
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8. The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Author

Gardner, Jonathan P., Mather, John C., Abbott, Randy, Abell, James S., Abernathy, Mark, Abney, Faith E., Abraham, John G., Abraham, Roberto, Abul-Huda, Yasin M., Acton, Scott, Adams, Cynthia K., Adams, Evan, Adler, David S., Adriaensen, Maarten, Aguilar, Jonathan Albert, Ahmed, Mansoor, Ahmed, Nasif S., Ahmed, Tanjira, Albat, Rüdeger, Albert, Loïc, Alberts, Stacey, Aldridge, David, Allen, Mary Marsha, Allen, Shaune S., Altenburg, Martin, Altunc, Serhat, Alvarez, Jose Lorenzo, Álvarez-Márquez, Javier, de Oliveira, Catarina Alves, Ambrose, Leslie L., Anandakrishnan, Satya M., Andersen, Gregory C., Anderson, Harry James, Anderson, Jay, Anderson, Kristen, Anderson, Sara M., Aprea, Julio, Archer, Benita J., Arenberg, Jonathan W., Argyriou, Ioannis, Arribas, Santiago, Artigau, Étienne, Arvai, Amanda Rose, Atcheson, Paul, Atkinson, Charles B., Averbukh, Jesse, Aymergen, Cagatay, Bacinski, John J., Baggett, Wayne E., Bagnasco, Giorgio, Baker, Lynn L., Balzano, Vicki Ann, Banks, Kimberly A., Baran, David A., Barker, Elizabeth A., Barrett, Larry K., Barringer, Bruce O., Barto, Allison, Bast, William, Baudoz, Pierre, Baum, Stefi, Beatty, Thomas G., Beaulieu, Mathilde, Bechtold, Kathryn, Beck, Tracy, Beddard, Megan M., Beichman, Charles, Bellagama, Larry, Bely, Pierre, Berger, Timothy W., Bergeron, Louis E., Darveau-Bernier, Antoine, Bertch, Maria D., Beskow, Charlotte, Betz, Laura E., Biagetti, Carl P., Birkmann, Stephan, Bjorklund, Kurt F., Blackwood, James D., Blazek, Ronald Paul, Blossfeld, Stephen, Bluth, Marcel, Boccaletti, Anthony, Boegner Jr., Martin E., Bohlin, Ralph C., Boia, John Joseph, Böker, Torsten, Bonaventura, N., Bond, Nicholas A., Bosley, Kari Ann, Boucarut, Rene A., Bouchet, Patrice, Bouwman, Jeroen, Bower, Gary, Bowers, Ariel S., Bowers, Charles W., Boyce, Leslye A., Boyer, Christine T., Boyer, Martha L., Boyer, Michael, Boyer, Robert, Bradley, Larry D., Brady, Gregory R., Brandl, Bernhard R., Brannen, Judith L., Breda, David, Bremmer, Harold G., Brennan, David, Bresnahan, Pamela A., Bright, Stacey N., Broiles, Brian J., Bromenschenkel, Asa, Brooks, Brian H., Brooks, Keira J., Brown, Bob, Brown, Bruce, Brown, Thomas M., Bruce, Barry W., Bryson, Jonathan G., Bujanda, Edwin D., Bullock, Blake M., Bunker, A. J., Bureo, Rafael, Burt, Irving J., Bush, James Aaron, Bushouse, Howard A., Bussman, Marie C., Cabaud, Olivier, Cale, Steven, Calhoon, Charles D., Calvani, Humberto, Canipe, Alicia M., Caputo, Francis M., Cara, Mihai, Carey, Larkin, Case, Michael Eli, Cesari, Thaddeus, Cetorelli, Lee D., Chance, Don R., Chandler, Lynn, Chaney, Dave, Chapman, George N., Charlot, S., Chayer, Pierre, Cheezum, Jeffrey I., Chen, Bin, Chen, Christine H., Cherinka, Brian, Chichester, Sarah C., Chilton, Zachary S., Chittiraibalan, Dharini, Clampin, Mark, Clark, Charles R., Clark, Kerry W., Clark, Stephanie M., Claybrooks, Edward E., Cleveland, Keith A., Cohen, Andrew L., Cohen, Lester M., Colón, Knicole D., Coleman, Benee L., Colina, Luis, Comber, Brian J., Comeau, Thomas M., Comer, Thomas, Reis, Alain Conde, Connolly, Dennis C., Conroy, Kyle E., Contos, Adam R., Contreras, James, Cook, Neil J., Cooper, James L., Cooper, Rachel Aviva, Correia, Michael F., Correnti, Matteo, Cossou, Christophe, Costanza, Brian F., Coulais, Alain, Cox, Colin R., Coyle, Ray T., Cracraft, Misty M., Noriega-Crespo, Alberto, Crew, Keith A., Curtis, Gary J., Cusveller, Bianca, Maciel, Cleyciane Da Costa, Dailey, Christopher T., Daugeron, Frédéric, Davidson, Greg S., Davies, James E., Davis, Katherine Anne, Davis, Michael S., Day, Ratna, de Chambure, Daniel, de Jong, Pauline, De Marchi, Guido, Dean, Bruce H., Decker, John E., Delisa, Amy S., Dell, Lawrence C., Dellagatta, Gail, Dembinska, Franciszka, Demosthenes, Sandor, Dencheva, Nadezhda M., Deneu, Philippe, DePriest, William W., Deschenes, Jeremy, Dethienne, Nathalie, Detre, Örs Hunor, Diaz, Rosa Izela, Dicken, Daniel, DiFelice, Audrey S., Dillman, Matthew, Disharoon, Maureen O., van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Dixon, William V., Doggett, Jesse B., Dominguez, Keisha L., Donaldson, Thomas S., Doria-Warner, Cristina M., Santos, Tony Dos, Doty, Heather, Douglas Jr., Robert E., Doyon, René, Dressler, Alan, Driggers, Jennifer, Driggers, Phillip A., Dunn, Jamie L., DuPrie, Kimberly C., Dupuis, Jean, Durning, John, Dutta, Sanghamitra B., Earl, Nicholas M., Eccleston, Paul, Ecobichon, Pascal, Egami, Eiichi, Ehrenwinkler, Ralf, Eisenhamer, Jonathan D., Eisenhower, Michael, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Hamel, Zaky El, Elie, Michelle L., Elliott, James, Elliott, Kyle Wesley, Engesser, Michael, Espinoza, Néstor, Etienne, Odessa, Etxaluze, Mireya, Evans, Leah, Fabreguettes, Luce, Falcolini, Massimo, Falini, Patrick R., Fatig, Curtis, Feeney, Matthew, Feinberg, Lee D., Fels, Raymond, Ferdous, Nazma, Ferguson, Henry C., Ferrarese, Laura, Ferreira, Marie-Héléne, Ferruit, Pierre, Ferry, Malcolm, Filippazzo, Joseph Charles, Firre, Daniel, Fix, Mees, Flagey, Nicolas, Flanagan, Kathryn A., Fleming, Scott W., Florian, Michael, Flynn, James R., Foiadelli, Luca, Fontaine, Mark R., Fontanella, Erin Marie, Forshay, Peter Randolph, Fortner, Elizabeth A., Fox, Ori D., Framarini, Alexandro P., Francisco, John I., Franck, Randy, Franx, Marijn, Franz, David E., Friedman, Scott D., Friend, Katheryn E., Frost, James R., Fu, Henry, Fullerton, Alexander W., Gaillard, Lionel, Galkin, Sergey, Gallagher, Ben, Galyer, Anthony D., Marín, Macarena García, Gardner, Lisa E., Garland, Dennis, Garrett, Bruce Albert, Gasman, Danny, Gáspár, András, Gastaud, René, Gaudreau, Daniel, Gauthier, Peter Timothy, Geers, Vincent, Geithner, Paul H., Gennaro, Mario, Gerber, John, Gereau, John C., Giampaoli, Robert, Giardino, Giovanna, Gibbons, Paul C., Gilbert, Karolina, Gilman, Larry, Girard, Julien H., Giuliano, Mark E., Gkountis, Konstantinos, Glasse, Alistair, Glassmire, Kirk Zachary, Glauser, Adrian Michael, Glazer, Stuart D., Goldberg, Joshua, Golimowski, David A., Gonzaga, Shireen P., Gordon, Karl D., Gordon, Shawn J., Goudfrooij, Paul, Gough, Michael J., Graham, Adrian J., Grau, Christopher M., Green, Joel David, Greene, Gretchen R., Greene, Thomas P., Greenfield, Perry E., Greenhouse, Matthew A., Greve, Thomas R., Greville, Edgar M., Grimaldi, Stefano, Groe, Frank E., Groebner, Andrew, Grumm, David M., Grundy, Timothy, Güdel, Manuel, Guillard, Pierre, Guldalian, John, Gunn, Christopher A., Gurule, Anthony, Gutman, Irvin Meyer, Guy, Paul D., Guyot, Benjamin, Hack, Warren J., Haderlein, Peter, Hagan, James B., Hagedorn, Andria, Hainline, Kevin, Haley, Craig, Hami, Maryam, Hamilton, Forrest Clifford, Hammann, Jeffrey, Hammel, Heidi B., Hanley, Christopher J., Hansen, Carl August, Hardy, Bruce, Harnisch, Bernd, Harr, Michael Hunter, Harris, Pamela, Hart, Jessica Ann, Hartig, George F., Hasan, Hashima, Hashim, Kathleen Marie, Hashimoto, Ryan, Haskins, Sujee J., Hawkins, Robert Edward, Hayden, Brian, Hayden, William L., Healy, Mike, Hecht, Karen, Heeg, Vince J., Hejal, Reem, Helm, Kristopher A., Hengemihle, Nicholas J., Henning, Thomas, Henry, Alaina, Henry, Ronald L., Henshaw, Katherine, Hernandez, Scarlin, Herrington, Donald C., Heske, Astrid, Hesman, Brigette Emily, Hickey, David L., Hilbert, Bryan N., Hines, Dean C., Hinz, Michael R., Hirsch, Michael, Hitcho, Robert S., Hodapp, Klaus, Hodge, Philip E., Hoffman, Melissa, Holfeltz, Sherie T., Holler, Bryan Jason, Hoppa, Jennifer Rose, Horner, Scott, Howard, Joseph M., Howard, Richard J., Huber, Jean M., Hunkeler, Joseph S., Hunter, Alexander, Hunter, David Gavin, Hurd, Spencer W., Hurst, Brendan J., Hutchings, John B., Hylan, Jason E., Ignat, Luminita Ilinca, Illingworth, Garth, Irish, Sandra M., Isaacs III, John C., Jackson Jr., Wallace C., Jaffe, Daniel T., Jahic, Jasmin, Jahromi, Amir, Jakobsen, Peter, James, Bryan, James, John C., James, LeAndrea Rae, Jamieson, William Brian, Jandra, Raymond D., Jayawardhana, Ray, Jedrzejewski, Robert, Jeffers, Basil S., Jensen, Peter, Joanne, Egges, Johns, Alan T., Johnson, Carl A., Johnson, Eric L., Johnson, Patricia, Johnson, Phillip Stephen, Johnson, Thomas K., Johnson, Timothy W., Johnstone, Doug, Jollet, Delphine, Jones, Danny P., Jones, Gregory S., Jones, Olivia C., Jones, Ronald A., Jones, Vicki, Jordan, Ian J., Jordan, Margaret E., Jue, Reginald, Jurkowski, Mark H., Justis, Grant, Justtanont, Kay, Kaleida, Catherine C., Kalirai, Jason S., Kalmanson, Phillip Cabrales, Kaltenegger, Lisa, Kammerer, Jens, Kan, Samuel K., Kanarek, Graham Childs, Kao, Shaw-Hong, Karakla, Diane M., Karl, Hermann, Kassin, Susan A., Kauffman, David D., Kavanagh, Patrick, Kelley, Leigh L., Kelly, Douglas M., Kendrew, Sarah, Kennedy, Herbert V., Kenny, Deborah A., Keski-Kuha, Ritva A., Keyes, Charles D., Khan, Ali, Kidwell, Richard C., Kimble, Randy A., King, James S., King, Richard C., Kinzel, Wayne M., Kirk, Jeffrey R., Kirkpatrick, Marc E., Klaassen, Pamela, Klingemann, Lana, Klintworth, Paul U., Knapp, Bryan Adam, Knight, Scott, Knollenberg, Perry J., Knutsen, Daniel Mark, Koehler, Robert, Koekemoer, Anton M., Kofler, Earl T., Kontson, Vicki L., Kovacs, Aiden Rose, Kozhurina-Platais, Vera, Krause, Oliver, Kriss, Gerard A., Krist, John, Kristoffersen, Monica R., Krogel, Claudia, Krueger, Anthony P., Kulp, Bernard A., Kumari, Nimisha, Kwan, Sandy W., Kyprianou, Mark, Labador, Aurora Gadiano, Labiano, Álvaro, Lafrenière, David, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Laidler, Victoria G., Laine, Benoit, Laird, Simon, Lajoie, Charles-Philippe, Lallo, Matthew D., Lam, May Yen, LaMassa, Stephanie Marie, Lambros, Scott D., Lampenfield, Richard Joseph, Lander, Matthew Ed, Langston, James Hutton, Larson, Kirsten, Larson, Melora, LaVerghetta, Robert Joseph, Law, David R., Lawrence, Jon F., Lee, David W., Lee, Janice, Lee, Yat-Ning Paul, Leisenring, Jarron, Leveille, Michael Dunlap, Levenson, Nancy A., Levi, Joshua S., Levine, Marie B., Lewis, Dan, Lewis, Jake, Lewis, Nikole, Libralato, Mattia, Lidon, Norbert, Liebrecht, Paula Louisa, Lightsey, Paul, Lilly, Simon, Lim, Frederick C., Lim, Pey Lian, Ling, Sai-Kwong, Link, Lisa J., Link, Miranda Nicole, Lipinski, Jamie L., Liu, XiaoLi, Lo, Amy S., Lobmeyer, Lynette, Logue, Ryan M., Long, Chris A., Long, Douglas R., Long, Ilana D., Long, Knox S., López-Caniego, Marcos, Lotz, Jennifer M., Love-Pruitt, Jennifer M., Lubskiy, Michael, Luers, Edward B., Luetgens, Robert A., Luevano, Annetta J., Lui, Sarah Marie G. Flores, Lund III, James M., Lundquist, Ray A., Lunine, Jonathan, Lützgendorf, Nora, Lynch, Richard J., MacDonald, Alex J., MacDonald, Kenneth, Macias, Matthew J., Macklis, Keith I., Maghami, Peiman, Maharaja, Rishabh Y., Maiolino, Roberto, Makrygiannis, Konstantinos G., Malla, Sunita Giri, Malumuth, Eliot M., Manjavacas, Elena, Marini, Andrea, Marrione, Amanda, Marston, Anthony, Martel, André R, Martin, Didier, Martin, Peter G., Martinez, Kristin L., Maschmann, Marc, Masci, Gregory L., Masetti, Margaret E., Maszkiewicz, Michael, Matthews, Gary, Matuskey, Jacob E., McBrayer, Glen A., McCarthy, Donald W., McCaughrean, Mark J., McClare, Leslie A., McClare, Michael D., McCloskey, John C., McClurg, Taylore D., McCoy, Martin, McElwain, Michael W., McGregor, Roy D., McGuffey, Douglas B., McKay, Andrew G., McKenzie, William K., McLean, Brian, McMaster, Matthew, McNeil, Warren, De Meester, Wim, Mehalick, Kimberly L., Meixner, Margaret, Meléndez, Marcio, Menzel, Michael P., Menzel, Michael T., Merz, Matthew, Mesterharm, David D., Meyer, Michael R., Meyett, Michele L., Meza, Luis E., Midwinter, Calvin, Milam, Stefanie N., Miller, Jay Todd, Miller, William C., Miskey, Cherie L., Misselt, Karl, Mitchell, Eileen P., Mohan, Martin, Montoya, Emily E., Moran, Michael J., Morishita, Takahiro, Moro-Martín, Amaya, Morrison, Debra L., Morrison, Jane, Morse, Ernie C., Moschos, Michael, Moseley, S. H., Mosier, Gary E., Mosner, Peter, Mountain, Matt, Muckenthaler, Jason S., Mueller, Donald G., Mueller, Migo, Muhiem, Daniella, Mühlmann, Prisca, Mullally, Susan Elizabeth, Mullen, Stephanie M., Munger, Alan J, Murphy, Jess, Murray, Katherine T., Muzerolle, James C., Mycroft, Matthew, Myers, Andrew, Myers, Carey R., Myers, Fred Richard R., Myers, Richard, Myrick, Kaila, Nagle IV, Adrian F., Nayak, Omnarayani, Naylor, Bret, Neff, Susan G., Nelan, Edmund P., Nella, John, Nguyen, Duy Tuong, Nguyen, Michael N., Nickson, Bryony, Nidhiry, John Joseph, Niedner, Malcolm B., Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nikolov, Nikolay K., Nishisaka, Mary Ann, Nota, Antonella, O'Mara, Robyn C., Oboryshko, Michael, O'Brien, Marcus B., Ochs, William R., Offenberg, Joel D., Ogle, Patrick Michael, Ohl, Raymond G., Olmsted, Joseph Hamden, Osborne, Shannon Barbara, O'Shaughnessy, Brian Patrick, Östlin, Göran, O'Sullivan, Brian, Otor, O. Justin, Ottens, Richard, Ouellette, Nathalie N. -Q., Outlaw, Daria J., Owens, Beverly A., Pacifici, Camilla, Page, James Christophe, Paranilam, James G., Park, Sang, Parrish, Keith A., Paschal, Laura, Patapis, Polychronis, Patel, Jignasha, Patrick, Keith, Pattishall Jr., Robert A., Paul, Douglas William, Paul, Shirley J., Pauly, Tyler Andrew, Pavlovsky, Cheryl M., Peña-Guerrero, Maria, Pedder, Andrew H., Peek, Matthew Weldon, Pelham, Patricia A., Penanen, Konstantin, Perriello, Beth A., Perrin, Marshall D., Perrine, Richard F., Perrygo, Chuck, Peslier, Muriel, Petach, Michael, Peterson, Karla A., Pfarr, Tom, Pierson, James M., Pietraszkiewicz, Martin, Pilchen, Guy, Pipher, Judy L., Pirzkal, Norbert, Pitman, Joseph T., Player, Danielle M., Plesha, Rachel, Plitzke, Anja, Pohner, John A., Poletis, Karyn Konstantin, Pollizzi, Joseph A., Polster, Ethan, Pontius, James T., Pontoppidan, Klaus, Porges, Susana C., Potter, Gregg D., Prescott, Stephen, Proffitt, Charles R., Pueyo, Laurent, Neira, Irma Aracely Quispe, Radich, Armando, Rager, Reiko T., Rameau, Julien, Ramey, Deborah D., Alarcon, Rafael Ramos, Rampini, Riccardo, Rapp, Robert, Rashford, Robert A., Rauscher, Bernard J., Ravindranath, Swara, Rawle, Timothy, Rawlings, Tynika N., Ray, Tom, Regan, Michael W., Rehm, Brian, Rehm, Kenneth D., Reid, Neill, Reis, Carl A., Renk, Florian, Reoch, Tom B., Ressler, Michael, Rest, Armin W., Reynolds, Paul J., Richon, Joel G., Richon, Karen V., Ridgaway, Michael, Riedel, Adric Richard, Rieke, George H., Rieke, Marcia, Rifelli, Richard E., Rigby, Jane R., Riggs, Catherine S., Ringel, Nancy J., Ritchie, Christine E., Rix, Hans-Walter, Robberto, Massimo, Robinson, Michael S., Robinson, Orion, Rock, Frank W., Rodriguez, David R., del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez, Roellig, Thomas, Rohrbach, Scott O., Roman, Anthony J., Romelfanger, Frederick J., Romo Jr., Felipe P., Rosales, Jose J., Rose, Perry, Roteliuk, Anthony F., Roth, Marc N., Rothwell, Braden Quinn, Rouzaud, Sylvain, Rowe, Jason, Rowlands, Neil, Roy, Arpita, Royer, Pierre, Rui, Chunlei, Rumler, Peter, Rumpl, William, Russ, Melissa L., Ryan, Michael B., Ryan, Richard M., Saad, Karl, Sabata, Modhumita, Sabatino, Rick, Sabbi, Elena, Sabelhaus, Phillip A., Sabia, Stephen, Sahu, Kailash C., Saif, Babak N., Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Samara-Ratna, Piyal, Samuelson, Bridget S., Sanders, Felicia A., Sappington, Bradley, Sargent, B. A., Sauer, Arne, Savadkin, Bruce J., Sawicki, Marcin, Schappell, Tina M., Scheffer, Caroline, Scheithauer, Silvia, Scherer, Ron, Schiff, Conrad, Schlawin, Everett, Schmeitzky, Olivier, Schmitz, Tyler S., Schmude, Donald J., Schneider, Analyn, Schreiber, Jürgen, Schroeven-Deceuninck, Hilde, Schultz, John J., Schwab, Ryan, Schwartz, Curtis H., Scoccimarro, Dario, Scott, John F., Scott, Michelle B., Seaton, Bonita L., Seely, Bruce S., Seery, Bernard, Seidleck, Mark, Sembach, Kenneth, Shanahan, Clare Elizabeth, Shaughnessy, Bryan, Shaw, Richard A., Shay, Christopher Michael, Sheehan, Even, Sheth, Kartik, Shih, Hsin-Yi, Shivaei, Irene, Siegel, Noah, Sienkiewicz, Matthew G., Simmons, Debra D., Simon, Bernard P., Sirianni, Marco, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Slade, Jeffrey E., Sloan, G. C., Slocum, Christine E., Slowinski, Steven E., Smith, Corbett T., Smith, Eric P., Smith, Erin C., Smith, Koby, Smith, Robert, Smith, Stephanie J., Smolik, John L., Soderblom, David R., Sohn, Sangmo Tony, Sokol, Jeff, Sonneborn, George, Sontag, Christopher D., Sooy, Peter R., Soummer, Remi, Southwood, Dana M., Spain, Kay, Sparmo, Joseph, Speer, David T., Spencer, Richard, Sprofera, Joseph D., Stallcup, Scott S., Stanley, Marcia K., Stansberry, John A., Stark, Christopher C., Starr, Carl W., Stassi, Diane Y., Steck, Jane A., Steeley, Christine D., Stephens, Matthew A., Stephenson, Ralph J., Stewart, Alphonso C., Stiavelli, Massimo, Stockman Jr., Hervey, Strada, Paolo, Straughn, Amber N., Streetman, Scott, Strickland, David Kendal, Strobele, Jingping F., Stuhlinger, Martin, Stys, Jeffrey Edward, Such, Miguel, Sukhatme, Kalyani, Sullivan, Joseph F., Sullivan, Pamela C., Sumner, Sandra M., Sun, Fengwu, Sunnquist, Benjamin Dale, Swade, Daryl Allen, Swam, Michael S., Swenton, Diane F., Swoish, Robby A., Litten, Oi In Tam, Tamas, Laszlo, Tao, Andrew, Taylor, David K., Taylor, Joanna M., Plate, Maurice te, Van Tea, Mason, Teague, Kelly K., Telfer, Randal C., Temim, Tea, Texter, Scott C., Thatte, Deepashri G., Thompson, Christopher Lee, Thompson, Linda M., Thomson, Shaun R., Thronson, Harley, Tierney, C. M., Tikkanen, Tuomo, Tinnin, Lee, Tippet, William Thomas, Todd, Connor William, Tran, Hien D., Trauger, John, Trejo, Edwin Gregorio, Truong, Justin Hoang Vinh, Tsukamoto, Christine L., Tufail, Yasir, Tumlinson, Jason, Tustain, Samuel, Tyra, Harrison, Ubeda, Leonardo, Underwood, Kelli, Uzzo, Michael A., Vaclavik, Steven, Valenduc, Frida, Valenti, Jeff A., Van Campen, Julie, van de Wetering, Inge, Van Der Marel, Roeland P., van Haarlem, Remy, Vandenbussche, Bart, Vanterpool, Dona D., Vernoy, Michael R., Costas, Maria Begoña Vila, Volk, Kevin, Voorzaat, Piet, Voyton, Mark F., Vydra, Ekaterina, Waddy, Darryl J., Waelkens, Christoffel, Wahlgren, Glenn Michael, Walker Jr., Frederick E., Wander, Michel, Warfield, Christine K., Warner, Gerald, Wasiak, Francis C., Wasiak, Matthew F., Wehner, James, Weiler, Kevin R., Weilert, Mark, Weiss, Stanley B., Wells, Martyn, Welty, Alan D., Wheate, Lauren, Wheeler, Thomas P., White, Christy L., Whitehouse, Paul, Whiteleather, Jennifer Margaret, Whitman, William Russell, Williams, Christina C., Willmer, Christopher N. A., Willott, Chris J., Willoughby, Scott P., Wilson, Andrew, Wilson, Debra, Wilson, Donna V., Windhorst, Rogier, Wislowski, Emily Christine, Wolfe, David J., Wolfe, Michael A., Wolff, Schuyler, Wondel, Amancio, Woo, Cindy, Woods, Robert T., Worden, Elaine, Workman, William, Wright, Gillian S., Wu, Carl, Wu, Chi-Rai, Wun, Dakin D., Wymer, Kristen B., Yadetie, Thomas, Yan, Isabelle C., Yang, Keith C., Yates, Kayla L., Yeager, Christopher R., Yerger, Ethan John, Young, Erick T., Young, Gary, Yu, Gene, Yu, Susan, Zak, Dean S., Zeidler, Peter, Zepp, Robert, Zhou, Julia, Zincke, Christian A., Zonak, Stephanie, and Zondag, Elisabeth

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit., Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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10. The Object Oriented c++ library QIBSH++ for Hermite spline Quasi Interpolation

Author

Bertolazzi, Enrico, Falini, Antonella, and Mazzia, Francesca

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Computer Science - Mathematical Software, 65D15, 65L10, G.1.1
Abstract

The library QIBSH++ is a C++ object oriented library for the solution of Quasi Interpolation problems. The library is based on a Hermite Quasi Interpolating operator, which was derived as continuous extensions of linear multistep methods applied for the numerical solution of Boundary Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations. The library includes the possibility to use Hermite data or to apply a finite difference scheme for derivative approximations, when derivative values are not directly available. The generalization of the quasi interpolation procedure to surfaces and volumes approximation by means of a tensor product technique is also implemented. The method has been also generalized for one dimensional vectorial data, periodic data, and for two dimensional data in cylindrical coordinates, periodic with respect to the angular argument. Numerical tests show that the library could be used efficiently in many practical problems.

Published
2022

11. The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

Author

Rigby, Jane, Perrin, Marshall, McElwain, Michael, Kimble, Randy, Friedman, Scott, Lallo, Matt, Doyon, René, Feinberg, Lee, Ferruit, Pierre, Glasse, Alistair, Rieke, Marcia, Rieke, George, Wright, Gillian, Willott, Chris, Colon, Knicole, Milam, Stefanie, Neff, Susan, Stark, Christopher, Valenti, Jeff, Abell, Jim, Abney, Faith, Abul-Huda, Yasin, Acton, D. Scott, Adams, Evan, Adler, David, Aguilar, Jonathan, Ahmed, Nasif, Albert, Loïc, Alberts, Stacey, Aldridge, David, Allen, Marsha, Altenburg, Martin, Marquez, Javier Alvarez, de Oliveira, Catarina Alves, Andersen, Greg, Anderson, Harry, Anderson, Sara, Argyriou, Ioannis, Armstrong, Amber, Arribas, Santiago, Artigau, Etienne, Arvai, Amanda, Atkinson, Charles, Bacon, Gregory, Bair, Thomas, Banks, Kimberly, Barrientes, Jaclyn, Barringer, Bruce, Bartosik, Peter, Bast, William, Baudoz, Pierre, Beatty, Thomas, Bechtold, Katie, Beck, Tracy, Bergeron, Eddie, Bergkoetter, Matthew, Bhatawdekar, Rachana, Birkmann, Stephan, Blazek, Ronald, Blome, Claire, Boccaletti, Anthony, Boeker, Torsten, Boia, John, Bonaventura, Nina, Bond, Nicholas, Bosley, Kari, Boucarut, Ray, Bourque, Matthew, Bouwman, Jeroen, Bower, Gary, Bowers, Charles, Boyer, Martha, Bradley, Larry, Brady, Greg, Braun, Hannah, Breda, David, Bresnahan, Pamela, Bright, Stacey, Britt, Christopher, Bromenschenkel, Asa, Brooks, Brian, Brooks, Keira, Brown, Bob, Brown, Matthew, Brown, Patricia, Bunker, Andy, Burger, Matthew, Bushouse, Howard, Cale, Steven, Cameron, Alex, Cameron, Peter, Canipe, Alicia, Caplinger, James, Caputo, Francis, Cara, Mihai, Carey, Larkin, Carniani, Stefano, Carrasquilla, Maria, Carruthers, Margaret, Case, Michael, Catherine, Riggs, Chance, Don, Chapman, George, Charlot, Stéphane, Charlow, Brian, Chayer, Pierre, Chen, Bin, Cherinka, Brian, Chichester, Sarah, Chilton, Zack, Chonis, Taylor, Clampin, Mark, Clark, Charles, Clark, Kerry, Coe, Dan, Coleman, Benee, Comber, Brian, Comeau, Tom, Connolly, Dennis, Cooper, James, Cooper, Rachel, Coppock, Eric, Correnti, Matteo, Cossou, Christophe, Coulais, Alain, Coyle, Laura, Cracraft, Misty, Curti, Mirko, Cuturic, Steven, Davis, Katherine, Davis, Michael, Dean, Bruce, DeLisa, Amy, deMeester, Wim, Dencheva, Nadia, Dencheva, Nadezhda, DePasquale, Joseph, Deschenes, Jeremy, Detre, Örs Hunor, Diaz, Rosa, Dicken, Dan, DiFelice, Audrey, Dillman, Matthew, Dixon, William, Doggett, Jesse, Donaldson, Tom, Douglas, Rob, DuPrie, Kimberly, Dupuis, Jean, Durning, John, Easmin, Nilufar, Eck, Weston, Edeani, Chinwe, Egami, Eiichi, Ehrenwinkler, Ralf, Eisenhamer, Jonathan, Eisenhower, Michael, Elie, Michelle, Elliott, James, Elliott, Kyle, Ellis, Tracy, Engesser, Michael, Espinoza, Nestor, Etienne, Odessa, Etxaluze, Mireya, Falini, Patrick, Feeney, Matthew, Ferry, Malcolm, Filippazzo, Joseph, Fincham, Brian, Fix, Mees, Flagey, Nicolas, Florian, Michael, Flynn, Jim, Fontanella, Erin, Ford, Terrance, Forshay, Peter, Fox, Ori, Franz, David, Fu, Henry, Fullerton, Alexander, Galkin, Sergey, Galyer, Anthony, Marin, Macarena Garcia, Gardner, Jonathan, Gardner, Lisa, Garland, Dennis, Garrett, Bruce, Gasman, Danny, Gaspar, Andras, Gaudreau, Daniel, Gauthier, Peter, Geers, Vincent, Geithner, Paul, Gennaro, Mario, Giardino, Giovanna, Girard, Julien, Giuliano, Mark, Glassmire, Kirk, Glauser, Adrian, Glazer, Stuart, Godfrey, John, Golimowski, David, Gollnitz, David, Gong, Fan, Gonzaga, Shireen, Gordon, Michael, Gordon, Karl, Goudfrooij, Paul, Greene, Thomas, Greenhouse, Matthew, Grimaldi, Stefano, Groebner, Andrew, Grundy, Timothy, Guillard, Pierre, Gutman, Irvin, Ha, Kong Q., Haderlein, Peter, Hagedorn, Andria, Hainline, Kevin, Haley, Craig, Hami, Maryam, Hamilton, Forrest, Hammel, Heidi, Hansen, Carl, Harkins, Tom, Harr, Michael, Hart, Jessica, Hart, Quyen, Hartig, George, Hashimoto, Ryan, Haskins, Sujee, Hathaway, William, Havey, Keith, Hayden, Brian, Hecht, Karen, Heller-Boyer, Chris, Henriques, Caroline, Henry, Alaina, Hermann, Karl, Hernandez, Scarlin, Hesman, Brigette, Hicks, Brian, Hilbert, Bryan, Hines, Dean, Hoffman, Melissa, Holfeltz, Sherie, Holler, Bryan J., Hoppa, Jennifer, Hott, Kyle, Howard, Joseph, Howard, Rick, Hunter, Alexander, Hunter, David, Hurst, Brendan, Husemann, Bernd, Hustak, Leah, Ignat, Luminita Ilinca, Illingworth, Garth, Irish, Sandra, Jackson, Wallace, Jahromi, Amir, Jakobsen, Peter, James, LeAndrea, James, Bryan, Januszewski, William, Jenkins, Ann, Jirdeh, Hussein, Johnson, Phillip, Johnson, Timothy, Jones, Vicki, Jones, Ron, Jones, Danny, Jones, Olivia, Jordan, Ian, Jordan, Margaret, Jurczyk, Sarah, Jurling, Alden, Kaleida, Catherine, Kalmanson, Phillip, Kammerer, Jens, Kang, Huijo, Kao, Shaw-Hong, Karakla, Diane, Kavanagh, Patrick, Kelly, Doug, Kendrew, Sarah, Kennedy, Herbert, Kenny, Deborah, Keski-kuha, Ritva, Keyes, Charles, Kidwell, Richard, Kinzel, Wayne, Kirk, Jeff, Kirkpatrick, Mark, Kirshenblat, Danielle, Klaassen, Pamela, Knapp, Bryan, Knight, J. Scott, Knollenberg, Perry, Koehler, Robert, Koekemoer, Anton, Kovacs, Aiden, Kulp, Trey, Kumari, Nimisha, Kyprianou, Mark, La Massa, Stephanie, Labador, Aurora, Ortega, Alvaro Labiano, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Lajoie, Charles-Phillipe, Lallo, Matthew, Lam, May, Lamb, Tracy, Lambros, Scott, Lampenfield, Richard, Langston, James, Larson, Kirsten, Law, David, Lawrence, Jon, Lee, David, Leisenring, Jarron, Lepo, Kelly, Leveille, Michael, Levenson, Nancy, Levine, Marie, Levy, Zena, Lewis, Dan, Lewis, Hannah, Libralato, Mattia, Lightsey, Paul, Link, Miranda, Liu, Lily, Lo, Amy, Lockwood, Alexandra, Logue, Ryan, Long, Chris, Long, Douglas, Loomis, Charles, Lopez-Caniego, Marcos, Alvarez, Jose Lorenzo, Love-Pruitt, Jennifer, Lucy, Adrian, Luetzgendorf, Nora, Maghami, Peiman, Maiolino, Roberto, Major, Melissa, Malla, Sunita, Malumuth, Eliot, Manjavacas, Elena, Mannfolk, Crystal, Marrione, Amanda, Marston, Anthony, Martel, André, Maschmann, Marc, Masci, Gregory, Masciarelli, Michaela, Maszkiewicz, Michael, Mather, John, McKenzie, Kenny, McLean, Brian, McMaster, Matthew, Melbourne, Katie, Meléndez, Marcio, Menzel, Michael, Merz, Kaiya, Meyett, Michele, Meza, Luis, Miskey, Cherie, Misselt, Karl, Moller, Christopher, Morrison, Jane, Morse, Ernie, Moseley, Harvey, Mosier, Gary, Mountain, Matt, Mueckay, Julio, Mueller, Michael, Mullally, Susan, Murphy, Jess, Murray, Katherine, Murray, Claire, Mustelier, David, Muzerolle, James, Mycroft, Matthew, Myers, Richard, Myrick, Kaila, Nanavati, Shashvat, Nance, Elizabeth, Nayak, Omnarayani, Naylor, Bret, Nelan, Edmund, Nickson, Bryony, Nielson, Alethea, Nieto-Santisteban, Maria, Nikolov, Nikolay, Noriega-Crespo, Alberto, O'Shaughnessy, Brian, O'Sullivan, Brian, Ochs, William, Ogle, Patrick, Oleszczuk, Brenda, Olmsted, Joseph, Osborne, Shannon, Ottens, Richard, Owens, Beverly, Pacifici, Camilla, Pagan, Alyssa, Page, James, Park, Sang, Parrish, Keith, Patapis, Polychronis, Paul, Lee, Pauly, Tyler, Pavlovsky, Cheryl, Pedder, Andrew, Peek, Matthew, Pena-Guerrero, Maria, Pennanen, Konstantin, Perez, Yesenia, Perna, Michele, Perriello, Beth, Phillips, Kevin, Pietraszkiewicz, Martin, Pinaud, Jean-Paul, Pirzkal, Norbert, Pitman, Joseph, Piwowar, Aidan, Platais, Vera, Player, Danielle, Plesha, Rachel, Pollizi, Joe, Polster, Ethan, Pontoppidan, Klaus, Porterfield, Blair, Proffitt, Charles, Pueyo, Laurent, Pulliam, Christine, Quirt, Brian, Neira, Irma Quispe, Alarcon, Rafael Ramos, Ramsay, Leah, Rapp, Greg, Rapp, Robert, Rauscher, Bernard, Ravindranath, Swara, Rawle, Timothy, Regan, Michael, Reichard, Timothy A., Reis, Carl, Ressler, Michael E., Rest, Armin, Reynolds, Paul, Rhue, Timothy, Richon, Karen, Rickman, Emily, Ridgaway, Michael, Ritchie, Christine, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robberto, Massimo, Robinson, Gregory, Robinson, Michael, Robinson, Orion, Rock, Frank, Rodriguez, David, Del Pino, Bruno Rodriguez, Roellig, Thomas, Rohrbach, Scott, Roman, Anthony, Romelfanger, Fred, Rose, Perry, Roteliuk, Anthony, Roth, Marc, Rothwell, Braden, Rowlands, Neil, Roy, Arpita, Royer, Pierre, Royle, Patricia, Rui, Chunlei, Rumler, Peter, Runnels, Joel, Russ, Melissa, Rustamkulov, Zafar, Ryden, Grant, Ryer, Holly, Sabata, Modhumita, Sabatke, Derek, Sabbi, Elena, Samuelson, Bridget, Sapp, Benjamin, Sappington, Bradley, Sargent, B., Sauer, Arne, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schlawin, Everett, Schlitz, Joseph, Schmitz, Tyler, Schneider, Analyn, Schreiber, Jürgen, Schulze, Vonessa, Schwab, Ryan, Scott, John, Sembach, Kenneth, Shanahan, Clare, Shaughnessy, Bryan, Shaw, Richard, Shawger, Nanci, Shay, Christopher, Sheehan, Evan, Shen, Sharon, Sherman, Allan, Shiao, Bernard, Shih, Hsin-Yi, Shivaei, Irene, Sienkiewicz, Matthew, Sing, David, Sirianni, Marco, Sivaramakrishnan, Anand, Skipper, Joy, Sloan, Gregory, Slocum, Christine, Slowinski, Steven, Smith, Erin, Smith, Eric, Smith, Denise, Smith, Corbett, Snyder, Gregory, Soh, Warren, Sohn, Tony, Soto, Christian, Spencer, Richard, Stallcup, Scott, Stansberry, John, Starr, Carl, Starr, Elysia, Stewart, Alphonso, Stiavelli, Massimo, Straughn, Amber, Strickland, David, Stys, Jeff, Summers, Francis, Sun, Fengwu, Sunnquist, Ben, Swade, Daryl, Swam, Michael, Swaters, Robert, Swoish, Robby, Taylor, Joanna M., Taylor, Rolanda, Plate, Maurice Te, Tea, Mason, Teague, Kelly, Telfer, Randal, Temim, Tea, Thatte, Deepashri, Thompson, Christopher, Thompson, Linda, Thomson, Shaun, Tikkanen, Tuomo, Tippet, William, Todd, Connor, Toolan, Sharon, Tran, Hien, Trejo, Edwin, Truong, Justin, Tsukamoto, Chris, Tustain, Samuel, Tyra, Harrison, Ubeda, Leonardo, Underwood, Kelli, Uzzo, Michael, Van Campen, Julie, Vandal, Thomas, Vandenbussche, Bart, Vila, Begoña, Volk, Kevin, Wahlgren, Glenn, Waldman, Mark, Walker, Chanda, Wander, Michel, Warfield, Christine, Warner, Gerald, Wasiak, Matthew, Watkins, Mitchell, Weaver, Andrew, Weilert, Mark, Weiser, Nick, Weiss, Ben, Weissman, Sarah, Welty, Alan, West, Garrett, Wheate, Lauren, Wheatley, Elizabeth, Wheeler, Thomas, White, Rick, Whiteaker, Kevin, Whitehouse, Paul, Whiteleather, Jennifer, Whitman, William, Williams, Christina, Willmer, Christopher, Willoughby, Scott, Wilson, Andrew, Wirth, Gregory, Wislowski, Emily, Wolf, Erin, Wolfe, David, Wolff, Schuyler, Workman, Bill, Wright, Ray, Wu, Carl, Wu, Rai, Wymer, Kristen, Yates, Kayla, Yeager, Christopher, Yeates, Jared, Yerger, Ethan, Yoon, Jinmi, Young, Alice, Yu, Susan, Zak, Dean, Zeidler, Peter, Zhou, Julia, Zielinski, Thomas, Zincke, Cristian, and Zonak, Stephanie

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies., Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb293

Published
2022
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12. The National Swedish Lymphoma Register – a systematic validation of data quality

Author

Karin Ekström Smedby, Sandra Eloranta, Tove Wästerlid, Victor Falini, Urban Jerlström, Fredrik Ellin, Karin Papworth, Johanna Westerberg, Catharina Lewerin, Per-Ola Andersson, Hallgerdur Lind Kristjansdottir, Lena Brandefors, Charlott Mörth, Karin Hallén, Nevzeta Kuric, Amal Abu Sabaa, Björn E. Wahlin, Daniel Molin, Gunilla Enblad, Ann-Sofi Hörstedt, Mats Jerkeman, and Ingrid Glimelius

Subjects
Lymphoma, validation, coverage, timeliness, exact agreement, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Background and purpose: The Swedish Lymphoma Register (SLR) was initiated in the year 2000 with the aim to monitor quality of care in diagnostics, treatment and outcome of all lymphomas diagnosed nationally among adults. Here, we present the first systematic validation of SLR records as a basis for improved register quality and patient care. Patients and methods: We evaluated timeliness and completeness of register records among patients diagnosed with lymphoma in the SLR (n = 16,905) compared with the National Cancer Register for the period 2013–2020. Comparability was assessed through evaluation of coding routines against national and international guidelines. Accuracy of 42 variables was evaluated through re-abstraction of data from medical records among 600 randomly selected patients diagnosed in 2016–2017 and treated across all six Swedish healthcare regions. Results: Completeness was high, >95% per year for the period 2013–2018, and >89% for 2019–2020 compared to the National Cancer Register. One in four patients was registered within 3 months, and 89.9% within 2 years of diagnosis. Registration instructions and coding procedures followed the prespecified guidelines. Missingness was generally low (80% for 24/34 variables), especially for treatment-related data (>80% for 17/19 variables). Interpretation: Completeness and accuracy are high in the SLR, while timeliness could be improved. Finetuning of variable registration guided by this validation can further improve reliability of register reports and advance service to lymphoma patients and health care in the future.

Published
2024
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13. IgA-BEM for 3D Helmholtz problems on multi-patch domains using B-spline tailored numerical integration

Author

Falini, Antonella, Kanduc, Tadej, Sampoli, Maria Lucia, and Sestini, Alessandra

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

An Isogeometric Boundary Element Method (IgA-BEM) is considered for the numerical solution of Helmholtz problems on 3D bounded or unbounded domains, admitting a smooth conformal multi-patch representation of their finite boundary surface. The discretization space is formed by $C^0$ inter-patch continuous basis functions whose restriction to a patch simplifies to the span of tensor product B-splines composed with the given patch parameterization. For both regular and singular integration, the proposed model utilizes a numerical procedure defined on the support of each trial B-spline function, which makes possible a function--by--function implementation of the matrix assembly phase. Spline quasi-interpolation is the common ingredient of all the considered quadrature rules; in the singular case it is combined with a B-spline recursion over the spline degree and with a singularity extraction technique, extended to the multi-patch setting for the first time. A threshold selection strategy is proposed to automatically distinguish between nearly singular and regular integrals. Numerical examples on relevant benchmarks show that the expected convergence orders are achieved with uniform discretization and a small number of uniformly spaced quadrature nodes.

Published
2022

14. A collocation IGA-BEM for 3D potential problems on unbounded domains

Author

Falini, Antonella, Giannelli, Carlotta, Kanduc, Tadej, Sampoli, Maria Lucia, and Sestini, Alessandra

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

In this paper the numerical solution of potential problems defined on 3D unbounded domains is addressed with Boundary Element Methods (BEMs), since in this way the problem is studied only on the boundary, and thus any finite approximation of the infinite domain can be avoided. The isogeometric analysis (IGA) setting is considered and in particular B-splines and NURBS functions are taken into account. In order to exploit all the possible benefits from using spline spaces, an important point is the development of specific cubature formulas for weakly and nearly singular integrals. Our proposal for this aim is based on spline quasi-interpolation and on the use of a spline product formula. Besides that, a robust singularity extraction procedure is introduced as a preliminary step and an efficient function-by-function assembly phase is adopted. A selection of numerical examples confirms that the numerical solutions reach the expected convergence orders., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022
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19. Acclimatization of a coral-dinoflagellate mutualism at a CO2 vent

Author

Prada, Fiorella, Franzellitti, Silvia, Caroselli, Erik, Cohen, Itay, Marini, Mauro, Campanelli, Alessandra, Sana, Lorenzo, Mancuso, Arianna, Marchini, Chiara, Puglisi, Alessia, Candela, Marco, Mass, Tali, Tassi, Franco, LaJeunesse, Todd C., Dubinsky, Zvy, Falini, Giuseppe, and Goffredo, Stefano

Published
2023
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20. The maternal-fetal neurodevelopmental groundings of preterm birth risk

Author

Cesare Miglioli, Matteo Canini, Edoardo Vignotto, Nicolò Pecco, Mirko Pozzoni, Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser, Stéphane Guerrier, Massimo Candiani, Andrea Falini, Cristina Baldoli, Paolo I. Cavoretto, and Pasquale A. Della Rosa

Subjects
Preterm birth, Preterm birth risk, Fetal neurodevelopment, fMRI, Fetal brain functional connectivity, Machine learning, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Background: Altered neurodevelopment is a major clinical sequela of Preterm Birth (PTB) being currently unexplored in-utero. Aims: To study the link between fetal brain functional (FbF) connectivity and preterm birth, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Study design: Prospective single-centre cohort study. Subjects: A sample of 31 singleton pregnancies at 28–34 weeks assigned to a low PTB risk (LR) (n = 19) or high PTB risk (HR) (n = 12) group based on a) the Maternal Frailty Inventory (MaFra) for PTB risk; b) a case-specific PTB risk gradient. Methods: Fetal brain rs-fMRI was performed on 1.5T MRI scanner. First, directed causal relations representing fetal brain functional connectivity measurements were estimated using the Greedy Equivalence Search (GES) algorithm. HR vs. LR group differences were then tested with a novel ad-hoc developed Monte Carlo permutation test. Second, a MaFra-only random forest (RF) was compared against a MaFra-Neuro RF, trained by including also the most important fetal brain functional connections. Third, correlation and regression analyses were performed between MaFra-Neuro class probabilities and i) the GA at birth; ii) PTB risk gradient, iii) perinatal clinical conditions and iv) PTB below 37 weeks. Results: First, fewer fetal brain functional connections were evident in the HR group. Second, the MaFra-Neuro RF improved PTB risk prediction. Third, MaFra-Neuro class probabilities showed a significant association with: i) GA at birth; ii) PTB risk gradient, iii) perinatal clinical conditions and iv) PTB below 37 weeks. Conclusion: Fetal brain functional connectivity is a novel promising predictor of PTB, linked to maternal risk profiles, ahead of birth, and clinical markers of neurodevelopmental risk, at birth, thus potentially “connecting” different PTB phenotypes.

Published
2024
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22. FLT3‐targeted therapy restores GATA1 pathway function in NPM1/FLT3‐ITD mutated acute myeloid leukaemia

Author

D Sorcini, A Stella, A Scialdone, S Sartori, A Marra, R Rossi, F De Falco, FM Adamo, E Dorillo, C Geraci, R Arcaleni, C Rompietti, A Esposito, L Moretti, MG Mameli, MP Martelli, B Falini, and P Sportoletti

Subjects
acute myeloid leukaemia, FLT3 inhibitors, FLT3‐ITD, GATA1, heamatological malignancies, leukaemia therapy, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Abstract One‐third of newly diagnosed adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) carry FLT3 mutations, which frequently occur together with nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutations and are associated with worse prognosis. FLT3 inhibitors are widely used in clinics with limitations due to drug resistance. AML cells carrying FLT3 mutations in both mouse models and patients present low expression of GATA1, a gene involved in haematopoietic changes preceding AML. Here, we show that FLT3 inhibition induces cellular responses and restores the GATA1 pathway and functions in NPM1/FLT3‐ITD mutated AML, thus providing a new mechanism of action for this drug.

Published
2023
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26. Comparing accuracy of tomosynthesis plus digital mammography or synthetic 2D mammography in breast cancer screening: baseline results of the MAITA RCT consortium

Author

Giorgi Rossi, Paolo, Mancuso, Pamela, Pattacini, Pierpaolo, Campari, Cinzia, Nitrosi, Andrea, Iotti, Valentina, Ponti, Antonio, Frigerio, Alfonso, Correale, Loredana, Riggi, Emilia, Giordano, Livia, Segnan, Nereo, Di Leo, Giovanni, Magni, Veronica, Sardanelli, Francesco, Fornasa, Francesca, Romanucci, Giovanna, Montemezzi, Stefania, Falini, Patrizia, Auzzi, Noemi, Zappa, Marco, Ottone, Marta, Mantellini, Paola, Duffy, Stephen W., Armaroli, Paola, Coriani, Chiara, Pescarolo, Manuela, Stefanelli, Gloria, Tondelli, Giulio, Beretti, Filippo, Caffarri, Sabrina, Marchesi, Vanessa, Canovi, Laura, Colli, Marco, Boschini, Mirco, Bertolini, Marco, Ragazzi, Moira, Ginocchi, Vladimiro, Ravaioli, Sara, Vacondio, Rita, Caroli, Stefania, Braglia, Luca, Cavuto, Silvio, Mancuso., Pamela, Djuric, Olivera, Venturelli, Francesco, Vicentini, Massimo, Braghiroli, Maria Barbara, Lonetti, Jasmine, Davoli, Elena, Bonelli, Efrem, Lucchi, Ilaria, Martello, Gessica, Rossati, Claudia, Ambrogetti, Daniela, Iossa, Anna, Carnesciali, Eva, Mazzalupo, Vincenzo, Puliti, Donella, Battisti, Francesca, Auzzi., Noemi, Verdi, Simona, Degl’Innocenti, Carolina, Tramalloni, Daniela, Cavazza, Elena, Busoni, Simone, Betti, Elisa, Peruzzi, Francesca, Regini, Francesco, Sardanelli., Francesco, Di Leo., Giovanni, Carbonaro, Luca Alessandro, Magni., Veronica, Cozzi, Andrea, Spinelli, Diana, Monaco, Cristian Giuseppe, Schiaffino, Simone, Benedek, Adrienn, Menicagli, Laura, Ferraris, Raffaella, Favettini, Elisabetta, Dettori, Davide, Falco, Paolo, Presti, Pietro, Segnan., Nereo, Armaroli., Paola, Marra, Vincenzo, Milanesio, Luisella, Artuso, Franca, Di Leo, Aurora, Castellano, Isabella, Riggi., Emilia, Casella, Denise, Pitarella, Sabina, Vergini, Viviana, Graewingholt, Axel, Lang, Kristina, and Falcini, Fabio

Published
2024
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28. Artificial Intelligence-Powered Molecular Docking and Steered Molecular Dynamics for Accurate scFv Selection of Anti-CD30 Chimeric Antigen Receptors

Author

Nico Martarelli, Michela Capurro, Gizem Mansour, Ramina Vossoughi Jahromi, Arianna Stella, Roberta Rossi, Emanuele Longetti, Barbara Bigerna, Marco Gentili, Ariele Rosseto, Riccardo Rossi, Chiara Cencini, Carla Emiliani, Sabata Martino, Marten Beeg, Marco Gobbi, Enrico Tiacci, Brunangelo Falini, Francesco Morena, and Vincenzo Maria Perriello

Subjects
chimeric antigen T cells (CAR-T), artificial intelligence (AI), molecular docking (MD), steered molecular dynamics (SMD), coarse grained umbrella sampling (CG-US), Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells represent a revolutionary immunotherapy that allows specific tumor recognition by a unique single-chain fragment variable (scFv) derived from monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). scFv selection is consequently a fundamental step for CAR construction, to ensure accurate and effective CAR signaling toward tumor antigen binding. However, conventional in vitro and in vivo biological approaches to compare different scFv-derived CARs are expensive and labor-intensive. With the aim to predict the finest scFv binding before CAR-T cell engineering, we performed artificial intelligence (AI)-guided molecular docking and steered molecular dynamics analysis of different anti-CD30 mAb clones. Virtual computational scFv screening showed comparable results to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and functional CAR-T cell in vitro and in vivo assays, respectively, in terms of binding capacity and anti-tumor efficacy. The proposed fast and low-cost in silico analysis has the potential to advance the development of novel CAR constructs, with a substantial impact on reducing time, costs, and the need for laboratory animal use.

Published
2024
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30. The skeleton of Balanophyllia coral species suggests adaptive traits linked to the onset of mixotrophy

Author

Palazzo, Quinzia, Prada, Fiorella, Steffens, Tim, Fermani, Simona, Samorì, Chiara, Bernardi, Giacomo, Terrón-Sigler, Alexis, Sparla, Francesca, Falini, Giuseppe, and Goffredo, Stefano

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Animals, Anthozoa, Calcification, Physiologic, Coral Reefs, Phenotype, Skeleton, Symbiosis, Balanophyllia, Skeletal features, Intra-skeletal organic matrix, Biomineralization, Trophic strategy
Abstract

The diversity in the skeletal features of coral species is an outcome of their evolution, distribution and habitat. Here, we explored, from macro- to nano-scale, the skeletal structural and compositional characteristics of three coral species belonging to the genus Balanophyllia having different trophic strategies. The goal is to address whether the onset of mixotrophy influenced the skeletal features of B. elegans, B. regia, and B. europaea. The macroscale data suggest that the presence of symbiotic algae in B. europaea can lead to a surplus of energy input that increases its growth rate and skeletal bulk density, leading to larger and denser corals compared to the azooxanthellate ones, B. regia and B. elegans. The symbiosis would also explain the higher intra-skeletal organic matrix (OM) content, which is constituted by macromolecules promoting the calcification, in B. europaea compared to the azooxanthellate species. The characterization of the soluble OM also revealed differences between B. europaea and the azooxanthellate species, which may be linked to diverse macromolecular machineries responsible for skeletal biosynthesis and final morphology. Differently, the crystallographic features were homogenous among species, suggesting that the basic building blocks of skeletons remained a conserved trait in these related species, regardless of the trophic strategy. These results show changes in skeletal phenotype that could be triggered by the onset of mixotrophy, as a consequence of the symbiotic association, displaying remarkable plasticity of coral skeletons which repeatedly allowed this coral group to adapt to a range of changing environments throughout its geological history.

Published
2021

34. Implementation of the measure of case discussion complexity to guide selection of prostate cancer patients for multidisciplinary team meetings

Author

Jessica Wihl, Victor Falini, Sixten Borg, Olof Stahl, Thomas Jiborn, Bjorn Ohlsson, and Mef Nilbert

Subjects
comorbidity, decision aid, multidisciplinary team, tumor board, prostate cancer, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) provide an integrated team approach to ensure individualized and evidence‐based treatment recommendations and best expert advice in cancer care. A growing number of patients and more complex treatment options challenge MDTM resources and evoke needs for case prioritization. In this process, decision aids could provide streamlining and standardize evaluation of case complexity. We applied the recently developed Measure of Case Discussion Complexity, MeDiC, instrument with the aim to validate its performance in another healthcare setting and diagnostic area as a means to provide cases for full MDTM discussions. Methods The 26‐item MeDiC instrument evaluates case complexity and was applied to 364 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer in Sweden. MeDiC scores were generated from individual‐level health data and were correlated with clinicopathological parameters, healthcare setting, and the observed clinical case selection for MDTMs. Results Application of the MeDiC instrument was feasible with rapid scoring based on available clinical data. Patients with high‐risk prostate cancers had significantly higher MeDiC scores than patients with low or intermediate‐risk cancers. In the total study, population affected lymph nodes and metastatic disease significantly influenced MDTM referral, whereas comorbidities and age did not predict MDTM referral. When individual patient MeDiC scores were compared to the clinical MDTM case selection, advanced stage, T3/T4 tumors, involved lymph nodes, presence of metastases and significant physical comorbidity were identified as key MDTM predictive factors. Conclusions Application of the MeDiC instrument in prostate cancer may be used to streamline case selection for MDTMs in cancer care and may complement clinical case selection.

Published
2023
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36. Cubature rules based on bivariate spline quasi-interpolation for weakly singular integrals

Author

Falini, A., Kanduč, T., Sampoli, M. L., and Sestini, A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

In this paper we present a new class of cubature rules with the aim of accurately integrating weakly singular double integrals. In particular we focus on those integrals coming from the discretization of Boundary Integral Equations for 3D Laplace boundary value problems, using a collocation method within the Isogeometric Analysis paradigm. In such setting the regular part of the integrand can be defined as the product of a tensor product B-spline and a general function. The rules are derived by using first the spline quasi-interpolation approach to approximate such function and then the extension of a well known algorithm for spline product to the bivariate setting. In this way efficiency is ensured, since the locality of any spline quasi-interpolation scheme is combined with the capability of an ad--hoc treatment of the B-spline factor. The numerical integration is performed on the whole support of the B-spline factor by exploiting inter-element continuity of the integrands

Published
2020
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37. Bioinspired Nanocomposites: 2D Materials Within a 3D Lattice

Author

Di Giosia, Matteo, Polishchuk, Iryna, Weber, Eva, Fermani, Simona, Pasquini, Luca, Pugno, Nicola M., Zerbetto, Francesco, Montalti, Marco, Calvaresi, Matteo, Falini, Giuseppe, and Pokroy, Boaz

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Advanced composites are used in a variety of industrial applications and therefore attract much scientific interest. Here we describe the formation of novel carbon-based nanocomposites via incorporation of graphene oxide into the crystal lattice of single crystals of calcite. Incorporation of a 2D organic material into single-crystal lattices has never before been reported. To characterize the resulting nanocomposites we employed high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and nanoindentation tests. Detailed analysis revealed a layered distribution of graphene oxide sheets incorporated within the calcite host. Moreover, the optical and mechanical properties of the calcite host were altered when a carbon-based nanomaterial was introduced into its lattice. Compared to pure calcite, the composite GO-calcite crystals exhibited lower elastic modulus and higher hardness. The results of this study show that the incorporation of a 2D material within a 3D crystal lattice is not only feasible but also can lead to the formation of hybrid crystals exhibiting new properties.

Published
2019
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38. Synthesis of calcium carbonate in trace water environments

Author

Magnabosco, Giulia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Pokroy, Boaz, Rosenberg, Rose, Colfen, Helmut, and Falini, Giuseppe

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was synthesized from diverse water-free alcohol solutions, resulting in the formation of vaterite and calcite precipitates, or stable particle supensions, with dimension and morphology depending upon the condition used. The obtained results shed light on the importance of water molecules during crystallization of CaCO3 and open a novel synthetic route for its precipitation in organic solvents.

Published
2019
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39. Effect of surface chemistry on incorporation of nanoparticles within calcite single crystals

Author

Magnabosco, Giulia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Palomba, Francesco, Rampazzo, Enrico, Prodi, Luca, Aizenberg, Joanna, Pokroy, Boaz, and Falini, Giuseppe

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Inclusion of additives into calcite crystals allows one to embed non-native proprieties into the inorganic matrix and obtain new functional materials. Up to now, few parameters have been taken into account to evaluate the efficiency of inclusion of an additive. Taking inspiration from Nature, we grew calcite crystals in the presence of fluorescent silica nanoparticles carrying different functional groups (PluS-X) to investigate the effect of surface chemistry on the inclusion of the additives. PluS-X allowed us to keep constant all the particle characteristics, including size, while changing exposed functional groups and thus Zeta-potential. The effect on crystal morphology, the loading and distribution of PluS-X within the crystals have been evaluated with different microscopy techniques. Our data indicate that hydroxyl functionalized particles are entrapped more efficiently inside calcite single crystals without distortion of the crystal structure and inhibition of the growth.

Published
2019
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40. Insights on the interaction of calcein with calcium carbonate and its implications in biomineralization studies

Author

Magnabosco, Giulia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Erez, Jonathan, Fermani, Simona, Pokroy, Boaz, and Falini, Giuseppe

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The effects of calcein, a marker commonly used to assess mineral growth in calcifying organism, on calcite and aragonite structure have been investigated. Calcein is entrapped within calcite and aragonite and modifies the shape and morphology of both polymorphs. Moreover, in the presence of Mg2+, it inhibits aragonite formation in favor of magnesium calcite.

Published
2019
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41. Imaging characterization of an adult H3 K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma of the medulla oblongata with a confounding steroid response

Author

Claudia Godi, MD, Paolo Garofalo, MD, Marcella Callea, MD, Paolo Vezzulli, MD, Maurizio Barbera, MD, Carlo Mandelli, MD, Elena Mazza, MD, Bianca Pollo, MD, Maria Rosa Terreni, MD, Antonella Castellano, MD PhD, Nicoletta Anzalone, MD, and Andrea Falini, MD PhD

Subjects
Diffuse midline glioma, High-grade glioma, Medulla, Steroid response, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

We report an uncommon, infratentorial localization of adult H3 K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma arising in a particularly rare site (medulla oblongata). In addition to this unusual presentation, the lesion exhibited a substantial contrast enhancement and size decrease after dexamethasone, generating diagnostic dilemmas. Histology, molecular details, advanced Magnetic Resonance imaging features and differential diagnoses are here described and discussed, as well as common misconceptions about steroid-sensitive mass lesions, and practical difficulties for clinicians involved in the process of making diagnosis.

Published
2023
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44. Crystal nucleation and growth of spherulites demonstrated by coral skeletons and phase-field simulations.

Author

Sun, Chang-Yu, Gránásy, László, Stifler, Cayla A, Zaquin, Tal, Chopdekar, Rajesh V, Tamura, Nobumichi, Weaver, James C, Zhang, Jun AY, Goffredo, Stefano, Falini, Giuseppe, Marcus, Matthew A, Pusztai, Tamás, Schoeppler, Vanessa, Mass, Tali, and Gilbert, Pupa UPA

Subjects
Skeleton, Animals, Anthozoa, Calcium Carbonate, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Calcification, Physiologic, Acropora, Balanophyllia, Blastomussa, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Coral, Crystal growth, Crystal nucleation, Favia, Madracis, Micromussa, Montipora, Oculina, Phyllangia, Polymer, Porites, Semicrystalline, Spherulite, Sprinkle, Stylophora, Turbinaria, Biomedical Engineering
Abstract

Spherulites are radial distributions of acicular crystals, common in biogenic, geologic, and synthetic systems, yet exactly how spherulitic crystals nucleate and grow is still poorly understood. To investigate these processes in more detail, we chose scleractinian corals as a model system, because they are well known to form their skeletons from aragonite (CaCO3) spherulites, and because a comparative study of crystal structures across coral species has not been performed previously. We observed that all 12 diverse coral species analyzed here exhibit plumose spherulites in their skeletons, with well-defined centers of calcification (CoCs), and crystalline fibers radiating from them. In 7 of the 12 species, we observed a skeletal structural motif not observed previously: randomly oriented, equant crystals, which we termed "sprinkles". In Acropora pharaonis, these sprinkles are localized at the CoCs, while in 6 other species, sprinkles are either layered at the growth front (GF) of the spherulites, or randomly distributed. At the nano- and micro-scale, coral skeletons fill space as much as single crystals of aragonite. Based on these observations, we tentatively propose a spherulite formation mechanism in which growth front nucleation (GFN) of randomly oriented sprinkles, competition for space, and coarsening produce spherulites, rather than the previously assumed slightly misoriented nucleations termed "non-crystallographic branching". Phase-field simulations support this mechanism, and, using a minimal set of thermodynamic parameters, are able to reproduce all of the microstructural variation observed experimentally in all of the investigated coral skeletons. Beyond coral skeletons, other spherulitic systems, from aspirin to semicrystalline polymers and chocolate, may also form according to the mechanism for spherulite formation proposed here. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of spherulite nucleation and growth has broad ranging applications in the fields of metallurgy, polymers, food science, and pharmaceutical production. Using the skeletons of reef-building corals as a model system for investigating these processes, we propose a new spherulite growth mechanism that can not only explain the micro-structural diversity observed in distantly related coral species, but may point to a universal growth mechanism in a wide range of biologically and technologically relevant spherulitic materials systems.

Published
2021

48. Neural stem cell transplantation in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label, phase 1 study

Author

Genchi, Angela, Brambilla, Elena, Sangalli, Francesca, Radaelli, Marta, Bacigaluppi, Marco, Furlan, Roberto, Andolfo, Annapaola, Drago, Denise, Magagnotti, Cinzia, Scotti, Giulia Maria, Greco, Raffaella, Vezzulli, Paolo, Ottoboni, Linda, Bonopane, Marco, Capilupo, Daniela, Ruffini, Francesca, Belotti, Daniela, Cabiati, Benedetta, Cesana, Stefania, Matera, Giada, Leocani, Letizia, Martinelli, Vittorio, Moiola, Lucia, Vago, Luca, Panina-Bordignon, Paola, Falini, Andrea, Ciceri, Fabio, Uglietti, Anna, Sormani, Maria Pia, Comi, Giancarlo, Battaglia, Mario Alberto, Rocca, Maria A., Storelli, Loredana, Pagani, Elisabetta, Gaipa, Giuseppe, and Martino, Gianvito

Published
2023
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