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Background Evidence suggests that the culture of healthcare organisations, including residential aged care facilities (RACFs), is linked to the quality of care offered. The number of people living in RACFs has increased globally, and in turn, attention has been placed on the quality of care provided. This review aimed to identify how organisational culture is studied, sought to elucidate the results of previous studies, and aimed to establish what interventions are being used to improve organisational culture in RACFs. Methods We employed an integrative review design to provide a comprehensive understanding of organisational culture. Five academic data bases were searched (Ovid Medline, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Embase). Articles were included if they were empirical studies, published in peer reviewed journals in English, conducted in a RACF setting, and were focused on organisational culture/climate. Results Ninety-two articles were included. Fifty-nine studies (64.1%) utilised a quantitative approach, while 24 (26.0%) were qualitative, and nine used mixed methods (9.8%). Twenty-two (23.9%) aimed to describe the culture within RACFs, while 65 (70.7%) attempted to understand the relationship between culture and other variables, demonstrating mixed and indeterminate associations. Only five (5.4%) evaluated an intervention. Conclusions This review highlights the heterogenous nature of this research area, whereby differences in how culture is demarcated, conceptualised, and operationalised, has likely contributed towards mixed findings. Future research which is underpinned by a sound theoretical basis is needed to increase the availability of empirical evidence on which culture change interventions can be based.

To assess whether the capacity to utilize cues amongst emergency physicians is associated with differences in the capacity to recover performance following an interruption.Interruptions are implicated in errors in emergency medicine due to the cognitive load that they impose on working memory, resulting in a loss of performance on the primary task. The utilization of cues is associated with a reduction in cognitive load during the performance of a task, thereby enabling the allocation of residual resources that mitigates the loss of performance following interruptions.Thirty-nine emergency physicians, recruited at a medical conference, completed an assessment of cue utilization (EXPERTise 2.0) and an online simulation (Septris) that involved the management of patients presenting with sepsis. During the simulation, physicians were interrupted and asked to check a medication order. Task performance was assessed using scores on Septris, with points awarded for the accurate management of patients.Emergency physicians with higher cue utilization recorded significantly higher scores on the simulation task following the interruption, compared to physicians with lower cue utilization (p = .028).The results confirm a relationship between cue utilization and the recovery of performance following an interruption. This is likely due to the advantages afforded by associated reductions in cognitive load.Assessments of cue utilization may assist in the development of interventions to support clinicians in interruptive environments.

The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund Sweden, will be a spallation neutron source driven by a superconducting proton linac with a design power of 5 MW. The linac features a high peak current of 62.5 mA and long pulse length of 2.86 ms with a repetition rate of 14 Hz. The normal conducting part of the linac has been undergoing beam commissioning in multiple steps, and the main focus of the beam commissioning has been on bringing systems into operation, including auxiliary ones. In 2022, beam was transported to the end of the first tank of the five-tank drift tube linac. This paper provides a summary of the beam commissioning activities at ESS and the current status of the linac., Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK

The construction of the ESS accelerator is in full swing. Many key components have been delivered from our in-kind partners and installation, testing and commissioning is making remarkable progress. The first machine section to be commissioned with beam is the Normal Conducting Linac (NCL). When completed, a 14 Hz, 2.86 ms proton beam up to 62.5 mA will be transported from the Ion Source, through the Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line, the Radiofrequency Quadrupole (RFQ), the Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) line and the five Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tanks up to 90 MeV where it will be injected in the first superconducting module of the machine. This paper will highlight recent progress across the NCL, present briefly the first commissioning results and discuss the upcoming phases as well as challenges in delivering a machine capable of meeting the requirements for a next generation spallation neutron facility., Proceedings of the 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2022, Bangkok, Thailand

This study was designed to examine the role of cue utilization in the management of interruptions during a high workload, rail control simulation incorporating an implicit pattern of rail movement. The experiment required participants to manage frequent interruptive tasks while diverting and logging the arrival of trains. Measures of response latency and accuracy in diverting and logging the arrival of trains were recorded. Participants with lower cue utilization demonstrated a greater loss of performance following interruptions. These results provide support for the assertion that a relatively greater capacity for cue utilization is associated with superior performance in the management of interruptions during high workload tasks.

Sanitation, water supply, and their governance remain major challenges in many Pacific Island countries. National sustainable development strategies (NSDSs) are promoted throughout the Pacific as overarching improved governance instruments to identify priorities, plan solutions, and fulfill commitments to sustainable development. Their relevance to local village-level development priorities is uncertain. In this work we compare national priorities for sanitation in NSDSs with those in village community development plans (CDPs) and with metrics in censuses from the Kingdom of Tonga. Tonga&rsquo, s Strategic Development Frameworks (TSDFI 2011&ndash, 2014 and TSDFII 2015&ndash, 2025) were developed to focus government and its agencies on national outcomes. From 2007 to 2016, 136 villages throughout Tonga&rsquo, s five Island Divisions (IDs) formulated CDPs involving separately 80% of women, youth, and men in each village. It is shown that censuses in 2006 and 2016 reveal linked improvements in water supply and sanitation systems but identify IDs with continuing challenges. It is found that sanitation and water are a national priority in TSDFI but are absent from the current TSDFII. In contrast, analysis of CDPs, published just after TSDFII, show in one ID, 53% of villages ranked sanitation as a priority and marked differences were found between IDs and between women, youth, and men. CDPs&rsquo, sanitation priorities in IDs are shown to mostly correspond to sanitation and water metrics in the censuses, but some reflect impacts of natural disasters. Explanations for differences in sanitation priorities between the national and local development plans, as well as suggestions for improving NSDS processes in island countries, are advanced.

UN Sustainable Development Goal 6 challenges small island developing states such as the Kingdom of Tonga, which relies on variable rainwater and fragile groundwater lenses for freshwater supply. Meeting water needs in dispersed small islands under changeable climate and frequent extreme events is difficult. Improved governance is central to better water management. Integrated national sustainable development plans have been promulgated as a necessary improvement, but their relevance to island countries has been questioned. Tonga&rsquo, s national planning instrument is the Tonga Strategic Development Framework, 2015&ndash, 2025 (TSDFII). Local Community Development Plans (CDPs), developed by rural villages throughout Tonga&rsquo, s five Island Divisions, are also available. Analyses are presented of island water sources from available census and limited hydrological data, and of the water supply priorities in TSDFII and in 117 accessible village CDPs. Census and hydrological data showed large water supply differences between islands. Nationally, TDSFII did not identify water supply as a priority. In CDPs, 84% of villages across all Island Divisions ranked water supply as a priority. Reasons for the mismatch are advanced. It is recommended that improved governance in water in Pacific Island countries should build on available census and hydrological data and increased investment in local island planning processes.