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Chinese migrants face numerous socioeconomic disadvantages. Little is understood about their vulnerability to consumer financial fraud, which can impede their integration into urban China and hamper the national priority of continued urbanization. This study utilizes nationally representative data from 2015 China Household Finance Survey to investigate migrants' risk factors for consumer financial fraud across two stages: fraud exposure and victimization. Results reveal a distinct pattern of fraud risks based on migrant status and stages of fraud, partially supporting theories of disadvantaged consumer and routine activity. After adjusting for other factors, urban migrants exhibit a 28.2% higher likelihood of encountering fraud than urban residents, with rural migrants having a 57.3% higher probability of overall victimization. Recent movers face a higher risk. Market and digital engagement emerge as key factors influencing fraud exposure. These results underscore the necessity for targeted policy interventions aimed at fostering inclusive urbanization and promoting rural-urban integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We utilize data from the 2010–2019 Consumer Expenditure Surveys to examine middle‐class achievement of English‐speaking and non‐English‐speaking Hispanic households compared to non‐Hispanic white households in the United States. Using an innovative expenditure‐based middle‐class measure, our findings show that non‐English‐speaking Hispanics lag English‐speaking Hispanics, and English‐speaking Hispanics lag whites, in middle‐class attainment. We also identify significant structural differences among the three groups, particularly in how education, marriage, and employment affect middle‐class achievement. Non‐English‐speaking Hispanics have a lower rate of return on education compared to both whites and English‐speaking Hispanics. Non‐English‐speaking Hispanics experience lower marriage and employment premiums compared to their English‐speaking Hispanic counterparts, and English‐speaking Hispanics experience lower marriage and employment premiums compared to whites. This study contributes to the literature by introducing the innovative expenditure‐based middle‐class measure and emphasizing the importance of considering within‐group differences among Hispanics to reduce the Hispanic‐white economic disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data from 5,174 households were analyzed to investigate differences in spending patterns between households who borrow money and those who do not. Findings indicate that borrowers spend less money on necessities and more on luxury commodities. (JOW)

Background: Pacific Islanders experience an elevated risk of health conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which are related to a lack of physical activity (PA). However, little attention has been paid to understanding the determinants of PA and promoting PA among this racial/ethnic group in the United States. Methods: We conducted focus group discussions with Tongan Americans, one of the major Pacific Islander groups in the United States, to gain a better understanding of their PA participation patterns, their barriers and facilitators, their attitudes toward PA, and their perceptions of how mobile technologies such as smartphones could help increase their PA levels. Results: Results indicate that although the participants understand the various benefits of PA, they do not engage in much leisure-time PA for exercise purposes. A lack of time is cited as an important reason for insufficient PA participation. In addition, most participants report familiarity with smartphones, positive views of mobile technology, and interest in using smartphones to measure and promote PA. Conclusion: Multiple barriers were related with the low level of PA among Tongan Americans. Mobile technology is a promising way of enhancing PA among Tongan Americans and potentially other Pacific Islander subgroups. Culturally tailored strategies could significantly enhance the effectiveness of PA intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese people living in China save money for many reasons, while Americans tend to save only for retirement and large purchases. Reasons cited for saving in China include planning for children, emergencies, daily expenses and investments. The social and economic reasons for these differences are explored.

Using 13 years of Consumer Expenditure Survey data with price information from the Consumer Price Index and the American Chamber of Commerce Cost of Living Index, five household expenditure patterns [...]

This article applies a linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System with a set of demographic variables to study the differences in expenditure patterns between Asian American households and [...]

Background: We examine how age, life course roles, and contextual variables relate to both the composition and the overall level of physical activity in late adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: Data on respondents age 15 to 29 y in the 2003 American Time Use Survey are used to estimate multivariate logistic regressions that assess what factors are associated with meeting the recommended level of physical activity. Results: The proportion of respondents who do 30 min or more of team sports declines over the 15 to 29 y age range even after controlling for life course and contextual covariates. Parenthood, employment status, and school enrollment have selective effects on the odds of meeting physical activity recommendations. Conclusions: Given the declines in team sports activities, schools and public health officials should consider the potential benefits of promoting other options such as cardiovascular activities, strength training activities, and/or active transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]