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Flowering phenology is closely related to plant reproduction, and its response to climate change is obvious; therefore, revealing its influencing factors and interspecific changes has become an important issue in global change ecology and physical geography. Previous studies have reported that interspecific changes in flowering phenology are affected by climatic factors (such as temperature and precipitation) and related to plant functional traits. However, the magnitude of the correlation between functional traits and flowering phenology varies greatly among different regions and climatic zones, and the relationship between them remains unclear. In this study, to explore whether functional traits affect interspecific changes in the flowering phenology of subtropical evergreen broadleaf species, 67 woody species in the Ningbo Botanical Garden were chosen as the study objects. Four types of flowering phenological characteristics (initial flowering time, full bloom time, falling flower time, and duration of the flowering period) were observed. General statistical analyses (i.e., maximum, minimum, mean, coefficient of variation, and frequency) were used to test the distribution patterns of flowering phenology. Four statistical methods (independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, linear fitting, and generalized linear mixed effect regression models) were used to analyze the differences in flowering phenology between different types (tree vs. shrubs, different types of flower color, and fruit type) and the contributions of different functional traits (i.e., potential maximum tree height, life form, flower color, and fruit type) to the changes in flowering phenology. The results showed that: (1) the initial flowering time, full bloom time, falling flower time, and duration of the flowering period of 67 woody plants were March 28 ± 21.64 d, March 30 ± 27.02 d, April 15 ± 30.78 d, and 23.82 ± 13.31 d, respectively. (2) The initial flowering time and full bloom time of trees were significantly earlier than those of shrubs (P < 0.05); however, no significant difference was observed between them in the falling flower time or duration of the flowering period (P > 0.05). The standard deviation of the flowering phenology of trees was lower than that of shrubs, indicating that the flowering phenology of trees was more stable than that of shrubs. (3) The results of generalized linear mixed-effect regression models showed that the effects of the four functional traits on flowering phenology differed. More specifically, flower color significantly affected falling-flower time (P < 0.01). The falling flower time of colored flowers was earlier than that of white flowers. Life form and potential maximum tree height significantly affected the duration of the flowering period (P < 0.01). Plants with higher potential maximum heights have longer flowering periods. In conclusion, our study indicates that the flowering phenology of 67 woody species in the Ningbo Botanical Garden is affected by functional traits. However, the magnitude of the influence is related to the type of functional trait. Flower color and potential maximum tree height contributed more to interspecific changes in flowering phenology than other functional traits. Our results help us understand the variation in flowering phenology among woody species in subtropical regions and provide a new perspective for the theoretical exploration of phenology.

Background: We aimed to explore the predictive value of anthropometric measurements in survival and free walking ability of geriatric hip fractures after surgery. Methods: Eight common anthropometric measurements, including arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), thigh circumference (TC), calf circumference (CC), biceps skinfold (BS), triceps skinfold (TS), suprailiac skinfold (SIS), and subscapular skinfold (SSS), were included to identify their predictive value in survival and free walking ability of geriatric hip fractures. The results of anthropometric measurements were compared between patients with different outcomes. Cox and logistics models were established to further identify the predictive value of anthropometric measurements. Results: Comparison among groups indicated that individuals with different outcomes may have significantly different anthropometric measurements. In the Cox analyses based on all individuals, all models proved that the patients with higher AC, as well as CC and BS, may have a lower risk of 1-year mortality. Similarly, in the logistics analysis, AC, CC, and BS were proven to have strong predictive ability for 6-month and 1-year mortality in females and overall individuals. However, the predictive value of the eight common anthropometric measurements in free walking ability is not significant. Conclusion: AC, CC, and BS may have strong predictive ability for 6-month and 1-year mortality in all individuals and females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and risk factors of postoperative neurocognitive disorder (NCD) in patients who underwent heart transplantation. Methods: Seventy‐six heart transplant patients were analyzed for clinical data including gender, age, height, weight, education level, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), transplantation duration, and pretransplant medical history. Cognitive function was assessed using the mini‐mental status examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scales. Patients were categorized into cognitively normal and impaired groups based on the presence or absence of cognitive dysfunction, and their cognitive function scores were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in postoperative cardiac transplant patients. Results: Cognitive dysfunction was observed in 48 out of 76 heart transplant patients, representing an incidence of 63.2%. Cognitive impairment in heart transplant recipients predominantly affected multiple cognitive domains. Logistic regression analysis identified age (OR = 1.057, 95% CI 1.002–1.115), gender (OR =.200, 95% CI.044–.919), education level (OR =.728, 95% CI.600–.883), LVEF (OR =.891, 95% CI.820–.969), and history of diabetes (OR = 7.674, 95% CI 1.317–44.733) as independent risk factors for postoperative NCD in heart transplant recipients (P <.05). Conclusion: The study found a high incidence of postoperative NCD in heart transplant patients, with gender, age, education level, LVEF, and diabetes history being significant risk factors. Early identification and intervention targeting these risk factors may help prevent NCD in postheart transplant patients and improve long‐term outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]