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Aim: We aim to identify the specific CD4+ T‐cell subtype influenced by brain‐to‐CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: Cervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4+ T‐cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time‐of‐flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results: Cervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, specifically CD11b‐positive CD4+ T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4+CD11b+ T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy. Conclusion: The infiltration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain‐to‐CLN signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutron scattering has been used to study the basal spacing and vibrational excitations of oriented samples of (CH3)3NH+ –vermiculite and its deuterated form (CD3)3ND+ –vermiculite. Both forms exhibit a basal spacing of 12.71 Å and a rich vibrational spectrum in the energy range 20–140 meV for Q perpendicular and parallel to the c-axis. These results are compared with infrared measurements and inelastic neutron scattering results of trimethylammonium halides over the same energy range. The torsional mode of the methyl group has been found to be split by ∼8 meV due to the top–top interaction between the methyl groups in the trimethylammonium vermiculite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aim to identify the specific CD4 + T-cell subtype influenced by brain-to-CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI)., Method: Cervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4 + T-cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time-of-flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining., Results: Cervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4 + T cells, specifically CD11b-positive CD4 + T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4 + CD11b + T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4 + CD11b + T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy., Conclusion: The infiltration of CD4 + CD11b + T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain-to-CLN signaling., (© 2024 The Authors. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To explore the value of human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mRNA detection in the screening of cervical lesions., Methods: 192 patients with abnormal ThinPrep cytology test (TCT) results and/or high-risk HPV infection were screened to identify possible cervical lesions in cases. Diagnoses were confirmed by histopathology. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to detect and qualify the mRNAs of HPV E6/E7, STAT3, and Survivin in cervical exfoliated cells. In addition, the performance of separate and combined mRNA detection methods were compared with TCT, HR-HPV DNA schemes respectively., Results: 1. Compared with HPVE6/E7 and STAT3 mRNA methods, Survivin mRNA assay had poor specificity (Sp), Youden index (YI) and concordance rate. 2. HPV E6/E7, STAT3, and STAT3 + HR-HPV methods had the best Sp, concordance rate and positive predictive value (PPV) for cervical lesions screening and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) triage. For screening of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or greater (HSILs+), no difference was observed in the Se of mRNA detection methods in comparison with that of TCT, HR-HPV and TCT + HR-HPV, whereas the false positive rate (FPR) decreased by 41.48%/55.99%/17.19% and the colposcopy referral rate reduced by about 20.00%/25.00%/11.17%. For triage of women with ASCUS, no difference was observed in the Se of mRNA detection methods as compared to that of HR-HPV (χ 2  = 1.05, P > 0.75), while the FPR decreased by 45.83%/37.50%/41.66% and the colposcopy referral rate reduced by 32.42%/22.60%/25.28%, respectively. The Se, YI, and PPV of the combined methods increased in comparison to each method alone. 3. Compared with the TCT + HR-HPV method, HPV E6/E7 + STAT3 method had perfect Sp (95.92%) and PPV (95.40%) for screening HSILs+, the FPR and colposcopy referral rate decreased by 31.06% and 22.48% respectively., Conclusions: 1. The expression of HPV E6/E7 and STAT3 mRNA confirmed using FISH assay is expected to be a new method and molecular marker for cervical lesions screening. Survivin mRNA was excluded due to its poor performance. 2. HPV E6/E7, STAT3, and STAT3 +HR-HPV assays could be new approaches for cervical cancer screening and ASCUS triage, and the efficiency of combined screening program was better than that of a separate one. 3. HPV E6/E7 + STAT3 regimen is expected to be a diagnostic strategy for cervical lesions., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

Objective To explore the effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 4 (CTRP4) on the placental trophoblasts of preeclampsia model rats. Methods Placental trophoblastic tissues were respectively collected from normal pregnant rats and model rats with preeclampsia, and then mRNA and protein expression levels of CTRP4, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and caspase-1 were detected with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Primary placental trophoblasts were isolated from normal pregnant rats and model rats; at different time points, flow cytometry was used to detect the number of PI + caspase-1 + pyroptotic cells; and qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect expression levels of IL-1β and caspase-1. Finally, recombinant CTRP4 protein (at the doses of 0.5, 5, 15, 25 or 50 ng/mL) or neutralizing CTRP4 antibody (at the doses of 10 or 20 ng/mL) were added into the medium of trophoblasts from model rats; after incubation for 72 h, the number of pyroptotic cells and the expression levels of IL-1β and caspase-1 were detected. ResultsCaspase-1/IL-1β inflammatory pathway was activated and CTRP4 expression was downregulated in placenta trophoblastic tissue from rats with preeclampsia. CTRP4 recombinant protein treatment significantly inhibited pyroptosis and the caspase-1/IL-1β pathway in trophoblasts derived from rats with preeclampsia, while CTRP4 neutralizing antibody treatment had an opposite effect on pyroptosis and inflammation. Conclusion CTRP4 can significantly inhibit the activation of caspase-1/IL-1β inflammatory pathway, and suppress the pyroptosis of trophoblasts derived from rats with preeclampsia.