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4. Surface interactions of s-triazine-type pesticides. An electrochemical impedance study

Author

Hromadova, Magdalena, Sokolova, Romana, Pospisil, Lubomir, and Fanelli, Nicolangelo

Subjects
Atrazine -- Chemical properties, Surface chemistry -- Usage, Pesticides -- Research, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

The study of the adsorption of s-triazine-type pesticides at ideally polarized electrochemical interface in the absence of specifically adsorbed halides is presented. The interfacial charge and the temperature determine which type of an adsorbed film is formed and the time-resolved impedance spectroscopy indicates slow changes within the film structure that becomes disordered and can be characterized in terms of the fractal geometry.

Published
2006

21. Activity and Osmotic Coefficients from the Emf of Liquid-Membrane Cells. VII: Co(ClO4)2, Ni(ClO4)2, K2SO4, CdSO4, CoSO4, and NiSO4.

Author

Malatesta, Francesco, Carbonaro, Laura, Fanelli, Nicolangelo, Ferrini, Simone, and Giacomelli, Ambrogio

Abstract

The activity coefficients of CdSO4 CoSO4, and NiSO4 are determined from the emf of liquid-membrane cells, like those described in the papers I–VI of this series. The activity coefficients of the auxiliary salts Co(ClO4)2, Ni(ClO4)2, and K2SO4, needed to eliminate the problem of extrapolation to infinite dilution of the 2–2 salts, are also measured. CdSO4 CoSO4 and NiSO4 in the dilute region deviate downward from the limiting law by a larger extent than believed in the past, thus creating the need for the activity coefficients to be recalculated and systematically lowered by 8–16%. The activity coefficients of Co(ClO4)2 and Ni(ClO4)2, too, need to be corrected by around –3%. For K2SO4, the original values, although scattered, were substantially correct. Pitzer's theory best-fit parameter, able to provide the activity and osmotic coefficients of the salts considered, are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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22. Activity coefficients of lanthanum salts at 298.15 K

Author

Malatesta, Francesco, Bruni, Franco, and Fanelli, Nicolangelo

Abstract

Activity coefficients of La(NO3)3, La(ClO4)3, and La2(SO4)3 are determined using the method of liquid membrane cells, which allows us to study high dilution levels previously unattainable (10−4 to 10−5 mol kg−1 depending on the salt). Literature values are found to be correct for La(ClO4)3, moderately biased for La(NO3)3 and completely incorrect for La2(SO4)3. This last salt in the diluted regions displays dramatic negative deviations—not recognised earlier because the measurements terminated at ca. 10−3 mol kg−1, where a Debye–Hückel-like misleading trend occurs. Numerical integration of the Poisson–Boltzmann equation and Bjerrum's theory of ion pairing show an astounding ability to reproduce the trend of La2(SO4)3; however, there is evidence of short-range interactions that add to long-range interactions for lanthanum and bivalent metal sulfates, as if sulfate ions were displacing water from the hydration shells of the cations. Pitzer's equation parameters that reproduce the activity and osmotic coefficients of the three salts and those (recalculated) of LaCl3 are reported.

Published
2002

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