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Background: Although ischemic stroke exhibits a high prevalence in the elderly population, the involved genes and pathways are poorly understood. In this study, we proposed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and constructed a circular RAN (circRNA)/long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)/microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA network associated with the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke by using bioinformatics analysis. Methods: We constructed a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and conducted total RNA and microRNA sequencing in brain specimens from MCAO and normal rats. Transcriptome-wide expression patterns were analyzed and DEGs were defined by applying Ballgown and a cut of log2-transformed fold-change (log2FC) ≥ 1 (or ≤ -1) with a P value < 0.05. We exploited Pearson correlation analysis to determine the association between the circRNA/lncRNA/mRNA network and miRNAs (P < 0.05 and corr ≤ -0.6), and the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) interaction network was visualized with Cytoscape software and separated into subnetworks using the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) algorithm. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were implemented for the pathway analysis of DEGs. Results: Upregulated DEGs were significantly enhanced in positive regulation of cell migration, response to wounding, blood vessel morphogenesis, inflammatory response, and cell activation; Downregulated DEGs were associated with control of the modulation of chemical synaptic transmission, synapse organization, regulation of membrane potential, and regulation of ion transport. KEGG-pathway analysis showed that DEG-enhanced pathways were associated with the pathways of TNF signaling pathway, Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Lipid and atherosclerosis, Human cytomegalovirus infection, Osteoclast differentiation, Chemokine signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. We uncovered several novel lncRNAs (lnc_00231, lnc_002239, lnc_004172; and a novel_circ0001704), five miRNAs (miR-200b-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-200c-3p, miR-3084a-3p, and miR-664-2-5p), and the top-10 mRNAs (upregulated mRNAs were Pdgfa, Il1b, Gdf15, Fosl1, and Cxcl2; downregulated mRNAs were Prkar2b, Olfm3, Lrrc73, Tmem38a, and Dlgap3) that were involved in ischemic stroke. Conclusions: Through bioinformatic network analysis, we identified the underlying molecular mechanisms and key central genes that may contribute to an inflammatory response after cerebral infarction.

Based on a machine learning algorithm, this paper deeply explores the privacy protection of personal information. In this paper, the definition of the machine learning algorithm is put forward, the design idea of privacy protection in joint machine learning platform is studied, and the architecture model and model parameter updating strategy of joint machine learning under privacy protection are designed. To protect the privacy of personal information, this paper also proposes a data homomorphic verification mechanism to prevent the global parameters from being tampered with by malicious cloud servers. In order to verify the performance of the models constructed in this paper, the comparative experiments of different models are carried out. The experimental results show that this algorithm has a fast convergence speed, and the average error rate decreases by 4.17% compared with the traditional algorithm. Moreover, the accuracy of this algorithm reaches 95.37%, which is about 8.76% higher than the previous algorithm. This model is applied to the field of personal information privacy protection, which can provide a safe and reliable environment for personal information privacy and effectively protect the privacy of data owners. And, means and reference value is provided for the development direction of privacy protection.

Additional file 2.

Additional file 1.

Glioblastoma multiforme is characterized by high invasiveness, multidrug resistance, and inevitable recurrence, and current standard treatment regimens are not curative. Even if most glioma cells are eliminated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, glioma stem cells can survive and differentiate into new tumor cells, thereby triggering tumor recurrence and drug resistance. Therefore, inhibiting tumor invasiveness, reversing drug resistance, and effectively ablating glioma stem cells are critical for improving the prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme. Previous studies reported that the combination of β-diketone–cobalt complexes (CoAc2) and temozolomide (TMZ) has synergistic inhibitory effects on glioma cells. Therefore, we compared cell proliferation, colony-forming capacity, cell migration, and invasion of TMZ-resistant glioma cells and corresponding glioma stem cells after treatment with CoAc2 and/or TMZ. We also explored the underlying mechanism by which CoAc2 sensitizes cells to TMZ through transcriptome sequencing and related signal pathway blockade. We found that CoAc2 significantly increased the inhibitory effect of TMZ on the proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and survival of drug-resistant stem cells. By downregulating ERK pathway activity, CoAc2 inhibited the expression of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and eventually sensitized drug-resistant glioma cells to TMZ. In conclusion, the combined use of CoAc2 and TMZ can reverse TMZ resistance and significantly enhance its inhibitory effect on the malignant phenotype of glioma cells and glioma stem cells.

Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological activities, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, dementia, or mood disorders. However, clinical trials and animal studies have yielded conflicting conclusions regarding its effectiveness for cognition in different individuals. The aim of this review is to meta-analytically assess the effectiveness of curcumin for cognitive function in different types of people. A preliminary search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data and China Biology Medicine disc was performed to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of curcumin on cognition. Six clinical trials with a total of 289 subjects met inclusion criteria for this review. We used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled standardized difference of means (SMD). For older adults who received curcumin, scores on measures of cognitive function (SMD = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.05, 0.62]; p = 0.02), occurrence of adverse events (odds ratio [OR] = 5.59, 95% CI [0.96, 36.80]; p = 0.05), and measures of depression (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI [0.64, 0.05]; p = 0.09) indicated significant memory improvement. In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), scores in measures of cognition status (SMD = -0.90, 95% CI [1.48, -0.32]; p = 0.002) indicated that there was a trend for treated subjects to do worse than placebo-treated subjects on the Mini-Mental State Examination. The occurrence of adverse events (OR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.10, 7.51]; p = 0.90) was similar to those who received placebo. Due to insufficient data, it was impossible to provide a narrative account of only the outcomes for schizophrenia. Curcumin appears to be more effective in improving cognitive function in the elderly than in improving symptoms of AD and schizophrenia. Curcumin is also safe and tolerated among these individuals. Because of the small number of studies available, a funnel plot or sensitivity analysis was not possible. Further high-quality trials with larger sample sizes or bioavailability-improved curcumin formulations may be considered for reliable assessment.

Additional file 5: Fig. S4. Knockdown of miR-99a-5p sensitizes GC cells to CDDP. (a) The number of colonies formed by BGC823CDDP and SGC7901CDDP cells was reduced after miR-99a-5p knockdown. (b) DNA synthesis in BGC823CDDP and SGC7901CDDP cells was repressed by miR-99a-5p inhibition. (c) Apoptosis of CDDP-resistant GC cells transfected with miR-NC or miR-99a-5p inhibitor was detected by flow cytometric analysis. (d) The effect of miR-99a-5p on the apoptosis of BGC823CDDP and SGC7901CDDP cells was examined by western blotting. CDDP treatment: 12 μM for 48 h in BGC823CDDP cells and 6 μM for 48 h in SGC7901CDDP cells. (*p

Additional file 4: Fig. S3. MiR-99a-5p is not digested by cirMCTP2. (a) Overexpression of circMCTP2 had no effect on the expression level of miR-99a-5p in CDDP-resistant GC cells. (b) There was no linear correlation between the expression levels of circMCTP2 and miR-99a-5p in CDDP-resistant GC tissues. (*p

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers for qRT-PCR in this study.

Additional file 3: Fig. S2. Lentivirus transfection efficiency was detected by qRT-PCR in CDDP-resistant GC cells. (a, b) The expression of circMCTP2 and MCTP2 mRNA after lentivirus-circMCTP2 transfection by qRT-PCR is shown. (c, d) The transfection efficiency of lentivirus-miR-99a-5p inhibitor was determined by qRT-PCR in BGC823CDDP and SGC7901CDDP cells. (*p

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. CircMCTP2 is a predictive biomarker for CDDP resistance in GC and a favorable factor for prognosis of GC patients. (a) Expression of circMCTP2 in 75 CDDP-sensitive and 25 CDDP-resistant GC tissues. (b) ROC curve of circMCTP2 with the area under the curve being 0.9450. (c, d) Kaplan-Meier survival curves of DFS and OS for patients with high (n = 50) or low (n = 50) expression of circMCTP2. The median circMCTP2 expression value was used as the cutoff. (*p

Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological activities, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, dementia, or mood disorders. However, clinical trials and animal studies have yielded conflicting conclusions regarding its effectiveness for cognition in different individuals. The aim of this review is to meta-analytically assess the effectiveness of curcumin for cognitive function in different types of people. A preliminary search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data and China Biology Medicine disc was performed to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of curcumin on cognition. Six clinical trials with a total of 289 subjects met inclusion criteria for this review. We used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled standardized difference of means (SMD). For older adults who received curcumin, scores on measures of cognitive function (SMD = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.05, 0.62]; p = 0.02), occurrence of adverse events (odds ratio [OR] = 5.59, 95% CI [0.96, 36.80]; p = 0.05), and measures of depression (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI [0.64, 0.05]; p = 0.09) indicated significant memory improvement. In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), scores in measures of cognition status (SMD = -0.90, 95% CI [1.48, -0.32]; p = 0.002) indicated that there was a trend for treated subjects to do worse than placebo-treated subjects on the Mini-Mental State Examination. The occurrence of adverse events (OR = 0.87, 95% CI [0.10, 7.51]; p = 0.90) was similar to those who received placebo. Due to insufficient data, it was impossible to provide a narrative account of only the outcomes for schizophrenia. Curcumin appears to be more effective in improving cognitive function in the elderly than in improving symptoms of AD and schizophrenia. Curcumin is also safe and tolerated among these individuals. Because of the small number of studies available, a funnel plot or sensitivity analysis was not possible. Further high-quality trials with larger sample sizes or bioavailability-improved curcumin formulations may be considered for reliable assessment.

Aberrant expression of the Cullin 4A (CUL4A) is found in many tumor types, but the functions and mechanism of CUL4A in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of CUL4A in prostate tumorigenesis. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine CUL4A expression in human PCa tissues and BPH tissues. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT, and migration and invasion were analyzed by Transwell and Matrigel assays after CUL4A knockdown in PCa in vitro. The results showed that CUL4A protein was overexpressed in 86.21 % of PCa tissues. CUL4A knockdown with siRNA in PCa cells decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, CUL4A could modulate the expression of P53 in PCa cells. Our results indicate that CUL4A overexpression play an oncogenic role in the pathogenesis of PCa, and CUL4A may be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.

An overview of the progress with experiments in the HT-7 during 2003?4 is presented. The H-mode, negative reversed shear and high li operational scenarios were investigated for quasi-steady-state high performance plasma discharges. Ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating at 30?MHz produced a typical edge H-mode plasma. Transport in both electron and ion channels were reduced in the outer half portion of the plasma. H-mode was produced in off-axis lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) plasmas by launching a lower hybrid wave (LHW) with a greater parallel refractive index, , of 3.1. The improved confinement status in such plasma discharges could be sustained for more than 400?E. A high inductance, li, plasma was created using a fast plasma current ramp down and sustained by central LHCD and IBW heating for a duration of >1?s with a strongly peaked electron temperature profile. The highest central electron temperature obtained was 4.5?keV. An increase in the energy confinement time with li was observed. It was found that the IBW heating could improve the plasma confinement at the same li if part of the LHW power was replaced by IBW. Stationary internal transport barriers with normalized performance H89?N > 1?3 were obtained with combined injection of LHW and IBW for a duration of several hundred energy confinement times in the weak negative magnetic shear (RS). Increasing the total injection power to 1?MW did not degrade the plasma confinement significantly in the RS operational scenario. Long pulse discharges were performed, using three feedback controls for the plasma current and position, the central line-averaged electron density and the magnetic swing flux of the transformer. The longest plasma discharge, with a duration of 240?s, Te(0) ~ 1?keV and the central electron density > 0.8 ? 1019?m?3 was achieved in 2004. The wall saturation and refreshment (wall pumping) were first observed in such long pulse discharges. A fully LHW current driven plasma without using ohmic current in the central solenoid coils was sustained for 80?s. The main limitation for the pulse length was due to the recycling, which caused an uncontrollable rise in the electron density.

The reactions of [Cu(NCCH3)4]BF4 with 2,6-(dicyclohexylphosphinomethyl)pyridine and 2-(diisopropylphosphinomethyl)-1-methylimidazole afford Cu(I) species that convert slowly to the Cu(II) complexes [CuCl{Cy2P(O)CH2pyCH2P(O)Cy2}(H2O)]BF4 and [Cu{MelmCH2P(O)Pri2}2](BF4)2, respectively, when their solutions are exposed to air. The structures of the Cu(II) complexes have been established by X-ray crystallography.

The reaction of Mo2(μ-O2CCH3)4 with 2-pyridyl(diisopropylphosphino)methane (NP) affords the dimolybdenum(V) complex Mo2(μ-O)2O2Cl2(η2-NP)2 (1). Complexes of the related 2-pyridylbis(diisopropylphosphino)methane ligand (NP2) have been isolated, namely, a mixed bromo/chloro complex of composition PdBr1.09Cl0.91(η2-NP2) (2) and the dicopper(I) complex [Cu2(μ-η3-NP2)2](BF4)2 (3). The structures of 1, 2 and 3 have been established by X-ray crystallography.

The first multiply bonded dimetal complexes that contain the bridging phosphine ligand Pr 2 i PCH 2 PPr 2 i (dippm) have been isolated and structurally characterized. The dimolybdenum(II) and dirhenium(III,II) complexes Mo 2 Cl 4 (μ-dippm) 2 and [ trans -Re 2 (μ-O 2 CCH 3 ) 2 Cl 2 (μ-dippm) 2 ]Cl 0.74 (ReO 4 ) 0.26 have MM distances of 2.1699(3) and 2.2705(3) A, respectively, in accord with Mo − 4 Mo and Re − 3.5 Re bond orders. Attempts to isolate Re 2 Cl 4 (μ-dippm) 2 led instead to the dirhenium(V) complex Re 2 O 3 Cl 4 (μ-dippm) 2 , structurally analogous to the previously isolated Re 2 O 3 Cl 4 (μ-dppm) 2 (dppm=Ph 2 PCH 2 PPh 2 ).

The cyclization of (+)-cis-1,2,2-trimethyl-1,3-diaminocyclopentane 1 with thiophosphorodichloridates 2 or O-(4-nitrophenyl)thiophosphorochloridates 4 forms (+)-2,4,5-diazaphosphabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 3 and 3′, respectively, but the stereoselectivity arising from the condensation of (+)-1 with 4 is less than that of (+)-1 with 2. The distinction between the two product distributions might be due to the significance of different mechanistic routes. In the light of a trigonal bipyramid (TBP) intermediate and Berry pseudorotation (BPR) concept their mechanism are discussed.